Effect of the Magnitude of Lipid Lowering on Risk of Elevated Liver Enzymes, Rhabdomyolysis, and Cancer. Insights From Large Randomized Statin Trials

Journal of the American College of Cardiology

Volumn 50, Issue 5, 2007, Pages 409-418

  Alsheikh Ali, Alawi A ^a   Maddukuri, Prasad V ^a   Han, Hui ^a   Karas, Richard H ^a  

^a Division of Cardiology   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

FLUINDOSTATIN; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE INHIBITOR; LIVER ENZYME; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; MEVINOLIN; PRAVASTATIN; SIMVASTATIN;

ARTICLE; CANCER; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DRUG SAFETY; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RHABDOMYOLYSIS; RISK FACTOR; SIDE EFFECT;

CHOLESTEROL, LDL; DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP, DRUG; FATTY ACIDS, MONOUNSATURATED; HUMANS; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL-COA REDUCTASE INHIBITORS; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; INDOLES; LIVER DISEASES; LOVASTATIN; NEOPLASMS; PRAVASTATIN; RHABDOMYOLYSIS; SIMVASTATIN;

EID: 34447627450     PISSN: 07351097     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2007.02.073     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. Cannon C.P., Braunwald E., McCabe C.H., et al. Intensive versus moderate lipid lowering with statins after acute coronary syndromes. N Engl J Med 350 (2004) 1495-1504
2. LaRosa J.C., Grundy S.M., Waters D.D., et al. Intensive lipid lowering with atorvastatin in patients with stable coronary disease. N Engl J Med 352 (2005) 1425-1435
3. Grundy S.M., Cleeman J.I., Merz C.N., et al. Implications of recent clinical trials for the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines. Circulation 110 (2004) 227-239
4. Alsheikh-Ali A.A., Ambrose M.S., Kuvin J.T., and Karas R.H. The safety of rosuvastatin as used in common clinical practice: a postmarketing analysis. Circulation 111 (2005) 3051-3057
5. Thompson P.D., Clarkson P., and Karas R.H. Statin-associated myopathy. JAMA 289 (2003) 1681-1690
6. Staffa J.A., Chang J., and Green L. Cerivastatin and reports of fatal rhabdomyolysis. N Engl J Med 346 (2002) 539-540
7. Bradford R.H., Shear C.L., Chremos A.N., et al. Expanded Clinical Evaluation of Lovastatin (EXCEL) study results. I. Efficacy in modifying plasma lipoproteins and adverse event profile in 8245 patients with moderate hypercholesterolemia. Arch Intern Med 151 (1991) 43-49
8. Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study Group. Randomised trial of cholesterol lowering in 4444 patients with coronary heart disease: the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (4S). Lancet 344 (1994) 1383-1389
9. Shepherd J., Cobbe S.M., Ford I., et al., West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study Group. Prevention of coronary heart disease with pravastatin in men with hypercholesterolemia. N Engl J Med 333 (1995) 1301-1307
10. Sacks F.M., Pfeffer M.A., Moye L.A., et al., Cholesterol and Recurrent Events Trial investigators. The effect of pravastatin on coronary events after myocardial infarction in patients with average cholesterol levels. N Engl J Med 335 (1996) 1001-1009
11. Downs J.R., Clearfield M., Weis S., et al. Primary prevention of acute coronary events with lovastatin in men and women with average cholesterol levels: results of AFCAPS/TexCAPS. Air Force/Texas Coronary Atherosclerosis Prevention Study. JAMA 279 (1998) 1615-1622
12. The Long-Term Intervention with Pravastatin in Ischaemic Disease (LIPID) Study Group. Prevention of cardiovascular events and death with pravastatin in patients with coronary heart disease and a broad range of initial cholesterol levels. N Engl J Med 339 (1998) 1349-1357
13. ALLHAT Officers and Coordinators for the ALLHAT Collaborative Research Group. Major outcomes in moderately hypercholesterolemic, hypertensive patients randomized to pravastatin vs usual care: the Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT-LLT). JAMA 288 (2002) 2998-3007
14. Serruys P.W., de Feyter P., Macaya C., et al. Fluvastatin for prevention of cardiac events following successful first percutaneous coronary intervention: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 287 (2002) 3215-3222
15. Heart Protection Study Collaborative Group. MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study of cholesterol lowering with simvastatin in 20,536 high-risk individuals: a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 360 (2002) 7-22
16. Shepherd J., Blauw G.J., Murphy M.B., et al. Pravastatin in elderly individuals at risk of vascular disease (PROSPER): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 360 (2002) 1623-1630
17. Sever P.S., Dahlof B., Poulter N.R., et al. Prevention of coronary and stroke events with atorvastatin in hypertensive patients who have average or lower-than-average cholesterol concentrations, in the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial-Lipid Lowering Arm (ASCOT-LLA): a multicentre randomised controlled trial. Lancet 361 (2003) 1149-1158
18. de Lemos J.A., Blazing M.A., Wiviott S.D., et al. Early intensive vs a delayed conservative simvastatin strategy in patients with acute coronary syndromes: phase Z of the A to Z trial. JAMA 292 (2004) 1307-1316
19. Colhoun H.M., Betteridge D.J., Durrington P.N., et al. Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease with atorvastatin in type 2 diabetes in the Collaborative Atorvastatin Diabetes Study (CARDS): multicentre randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 364 (2004) 685-696
20. Pedersen T.R., Faergeman O., Kastelein J.J., et al. High-dose atorvastatin vs usual-dose simvastatin for secondary prevention after myocardial infarction: the IDEAL study: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 294 (2005) 2437-2445
21. Baigent C., Keech A., Kearney P.M., et al. Efficacy and safety of cholesterol-lowering treatment: prospective meta-analysis of data from 90,056 participants in 14 randomised trials of statins. Lancet 366 (2005) 1267-1278
22. Robinson J.G., Smith B., Maheshwari N., and Schrott H. Pleiotropic effects of statins: benefit beyond cholesterol reduction?. A meta-regression analysis. J Am Coll Cardiol 46 (2005) 1855-1862
23. Ridker P.M., Cannon C.P., Morrow D., et al. C-reactive protein levels and outcomes after statin therapy. N Engl J Med 352 (2005) 20-28
24. Ridker P.M., Morrow D.A., Rose L.M., Rifai N., Cannon C.P., and Braunwald E. Relative efficacy of atorvastatin 80 mg and pravastatin 40 mg in achieving the dual goals of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol <70 mg/dl and C-reactive protein <2 mg/l: an analysis of the PROVE-IT TIMI-22 trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 45 (2005) 1644-1648
25. Corti R., Fuster V., Fayad Z.A., et al. Effects of aggressive versus conventional lipid-lowering therapy by simvastatin on human atherosclerotic lesions: a prospective, randomized, double-blind trial with high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging. J Am Coll Cardiol 46 (2005) 106-112
26. Pasternak R.C., Smith Jr. S.C., Bairey-Merz C.N., Grundy S.M., Cleeman J.I., and Lenfant C. ACC/AHA/NHLBI Clinical Advisory on the Use and Safety of Statins. Circulation 106 (2002) 1024-1028
27. Dale K.M., Coleman C.I., Henyan N.N., Kluger J., and White C.M. Statins and cancer risk: a meta-analysis. JAMA 295 (2006) 74-80
28. Jacobs D., Blackburn H., Higgins M., et al. Report of the Conference on Low Blood Cholesterol: Mortality Associations. Circulation 86 (1992) 1046-1060
29. D'Agostino R.B., Belanger A.J., Kannel W.B., and Higgins M. Role of smoking in the U-shaped relation of cholesterol to mortality in men. The Framingham study. Am J Epidemiol 141 (1995) 822-827
30. Wannamethee G., Shaper A.G., Whincup P.H., and Walker M. Low serum total cholesterol concentrations and mortality in middle aged British men. BMJ 311 (1995) 409-413