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m for a salt (or indeed any molecule or molecular fragment) is given by the sum of the atomic of the constituent atoms. While this approach is simpler to apply, we found that molecular derived directly from crystal structures (as shown herein) give better correlations, particularly when comparing ions with substantially different structures (see the Supporting Information).
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m for a salt (or indeed any molecule or molecular fragment) is given by the sum of the atomic volumes of the constituent atoms. While this approach is simpler to apply, we found that molecular volumes derived directly from crystal structures (as shown herein) give better correlations, particularly when comparing ions with substantially different structures (see the Supporting Information).
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It has long been known that the observed physical properties of ILs are strongly affected by the purity of the material.[20] All ILs in this study were synthesized in our laboratories and purified to minimize halide and water content, which were determined by ion chromatography and Karl Fischer titration, respectively (see the Supporting Information for experimental details and physical data, For some ILs physical data were available from both the Dyson laboratory (at the EPFL) and the IoLiTec laboratory in Freiburg. These independent data agree very well and lend confidence to our conclusions. Physical data from the literature were not included in this study, as in many cases an IL is reported to have very different physical properties in two or more studies. The recent founding of an online database for the physical properties of ILs by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is very interesting in the context of the work herein.[20e] As the n
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[20e] As the number of ILs in the database increases it should be possible for users to derive similar correlations, for example, involving anions not included in our study, using the data in this database. Nevertheless, care should be taken only to use physical data from very pure ILs (purity information is included in the database) when deriving these correlations.
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The conductivity correlations do not include nitrile-functionalized ILs, as no experimental conductivity data were available
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The conductivity correlations do not include nitrile-functionalized ILs, as no experimental conductivity data were available.
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56
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- ILs have a higher content of chloride ions ((180 ± 10) ppm, determined by ion chromatography) than the other ILs in this study (due to chloride impurities in the commercial potassium dicyanamide starting material), which will effect the conductivity measurements.
-
- ILs have a higher content of chloride ions ((180 ± 10) ppm, determined by ion chromatography) than the other ILs in this study (due to chloride impurities in the commercial potassium dicyanamide starting material), which will effect the conductivity measurements.
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