메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 65, Issue 9, 2007, Pages 770-783

Deception in cyberspace: A comparison of text-only vs. avatar-supported medium

Author keywords

Avatars; Deception; Online synchronous communication; State anxiety

Indexed keywords

AVATAR SUPPORTED MEDIUM; CYBERSPACE; DECEPTION; DECEPTIVE BEHAVIORS; ONLINE SYNCHRONOUS COMMUNICATION; STATE ANXIETY;

EID: 34447563931     PISSN: 10715819     EISSN: 10959300     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhcs.2007.04.005     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (79)

References (86)
  • 1
    • 0004260407 scopus 로고
    • International Universities Press, Inc., New York
    • Argyle M. Bodily communication. 2nd ed (1988), International Universities Press, Inc., New York
    • (1988) Bodily communication. 2nd ed
    • Argyle, M.1
  • 2
    • 0000710743 scopus 로고
    • The impact of physically attractive models on advertising evaluations
    • Baker M.J., and Churchill Jr. G.A. The impact of physically attractive models on advertising evaluations. Journal of Marketing Research 14 November (1977) 538-555
    • (1977) Journal of Marketing Research , vol.14 , Issue.November , pp. 538-555
    • Baker, M.J.1    Churchill Jr., G.A.2
  • 3
    • 34447562066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Benoit, W.L., 2006. Persuasion: the Yale approach. Retrieved May 3, 2006, from 〈http://www.cios.org/encyclopedia/persuasion/Byale_approach2speaker.htm〉.
  • 4
    • 34447547040 scopus 로고
    • Communication anxiety inventory
    • Rubin R.B., Palmgreen P., and Sypher H.E. (Eds), Guilford, New York
    • Booth-Butterfield S., and Gould M. Communication anxiety inventory. In: Rubin R.B., Palmgreen P., and Sypher H.E. (Eds). Communication Research measures: A Sourcebook (1994), Guilford, New York 109-113
    • (1994) Communication Research measures: A Sourcebook , pp. 109-113
    • Booth-Butterfield, S.1    Gould, M.2
  • 5
    • 0038494761 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bos, N., Olson, J. S., Gergle, D., Olson, G. M., Wright, Z., 2002. Effects of four computer-mediated communications channels on trust development. Proceedings of the CHI 2002 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
  • 6
    • 34447565362 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bowker, N.I., 2001. Understanding online communities through multiple methodologies combined under a postmodern research endeavour. Forum Qualitative Social Research, 2 (1), Retrieved on May 25, 2007 from http://www.qualitative-research.net/fqs-texte/1-01/1-01bowker-e.htm.
  • 7
    • 2442418095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dicing with deception: People with disabilities' strategies for managing safety and identity online
    • (Special issue: Technologies of Despair and Hope: CMC in the Middle East)
    • Bowker N., and Tuffin K. Dicing with deception: People with disabilities' strategies for managing safety and identity online. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 8 2 (2003) (Special issue: Technologies of Despair and Hope: CMC in the Middle East)
    • (2003) Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication , vol.8 , Issue.2
    • Bowker, N.1    Tuffin, K.2
  • 11
    • 84943994936 scopus 로고
    • Interpersonal deception: I. Deceivers' reactions to receivers' suspicions and probing
    • Buller D.B., Strzyzewski K.D., and Comstock J. Interpersonal deception: I. Deceivers' reactions to receivers' suspicions and probing. Communication Monographs 58 (1991) 1-24
    • (1991) Communication Monographs , vol.58 , pp. 1-24
    • Buller, D.B.1    Strzyzewski, K.D.2    Comstock, J.3
  • 12
    • 0030201358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testing interpersonal deception theory: the language of interpersonal deception
    • Buller D.B., Burgoon J.K., Buslig A., and Roiger J. Testing interpersonal deception theory: the language of interpersonal deception. Communication Theory 6 (1996) 268-289
    • (1996) Communication Theory , vol.6 , pp. 268-289
    • Buller, D.B.1    Burgoon, J.K.2    Buslig, A.3    Roiger, J.4
  • 13
    • 0002292960 scopus 로고
    • Nonverbal signals
    • Knapp M.L., and Miller G.R. (Eds), Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, CA
    • Burgoon J. Nonverbal signals. In: Knapp M.L., and Miller G.R. (Eds). Handbook of interpersonal communication (1994), Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, CA 229-285
    • (1994) Handbook of interpersonal communication , pp. 229-285
    • Burgoon, J.1
  • 14
    • 0030093238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interpersonal deception: XII. Information management dimensions underlying deceptive and truthful messages
    • Burgoon J.K., Buller D.B., Guerrero L.K., Afifi W., and Feldman C. Interpersonal deception: XII. Information management dimensions underlying deceptive and truthful messages. Communication Monographs 63 (1996) 50-69
    • (1996) Communication Monographs , vol.63 , pp. 50-69
    • Burgoon, J.K.1    Buller, D.B.2    Guerrero, L.K.3    Afifi, W.4    Feldman, C.5
  • 15
    • 3843097355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toward computer-aided support for the detection of deception
    • Burgoon J.K., and Nunamaker J.F. Toward computer-aided support for the detection of deception. Group Decision and Negotiation 13 (2004) 1-4
    • (2004) Group Decision and Negotiation , vol.13 , pp. 1-4
    • Burgoon, J.K.1    Nunamaker, J.F.2
  • 16
    • 70349674914 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Burgoon, J.K., Stoner, G.M., Bonito, J.A., Dunbar, N.E., 2003. Trust and deception in mediated communication. Proceedings of the Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, Hawaii, USA.
  • 17
    • 3843138191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Media appropriateness in the conduct and discovery of deceptive communication: the relative influence of richness and synchronicity
    • Carlson J.R., and George J.F. Media appropriateness in the conduct and discovery of deceptive communication: the relative influence of richness and synchronicity. Group Decision and Negotiation 13 (2004) 191-210
    • (2004) Group Decision and Negotiation , vol.13 , pp. 191-210
    • Carlson, J.R.1    George, J.F.2
  • 19
    • 0000078574 scopus 로고
    • Physical appearance and social influence
    • Herman C.P., Zanna M.P., and Higgins E.T. (Eds), Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers., Hillsdale, NJ
    • Chaiken S. Physical appearance and social influence. In: Herman C.P., Zanna M.P., and Higgins E.T. (Eds). Physical Appearance, Stigma, and Social Behavior: The Ontario Symposium Vol. 3 (1981), Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers., Hillsdale, NJ 143-177
    • (1981) Physical Appearance, Stigma, and Social Behavior: The Ontario Symposium , vol.3 , pp. 143-177
    • Chaiken, S.1
  • 21
    • 0002856688 scopus 로고
    • Information technologies
    • Jablin F., Putnam L.L., Roberts K., and Porter L. (Eds), Sage, Newbury Park, CA
    • Culnan M.J., and Markus M.L. Information technologies. In: Jablin F., Putnam L.L., Roberts K., and Porter L. (Eds). Handbook of Organizational Communication (1987), Sage, Newbury Park, CA 420-443
    • (1987) Handbook of Organizational Communication , pp. 420-443
    • Culnan, M.J.1    Markus, M.L.2
  • 22
    • 0001229241 scopus 로고
    • Organizational information, media richness and structural design
    • Daft R., and Lengel R. Organizational information, media richness and structural design. Management Science 32 (1986) 554-571
    • (1986) Management Science , vol.32 , pp. 554-571
    • Daft, R.1    Lengel, R.2
  • 23
    • 85140346912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Danet, B., Ruedenberg-Wright, L., Rosenbaum-Tamari, J., 1997. "HMMM...WHERE'S THAT SMOKE COMING FROM?"-Writing, play and performance on internet relay chat. Journal of Computer Mediated Communication, 2(4). Retrieved May 3, 2006, from 〈http://www.ascusc.org/jcmc/vol2/issue4/danet.html〉.
  • 24
    • 34447553865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meet your next customer
    • Dibbel J. Meet your next customer. Business 2.0 (2003) 71-76
    • (2003) Business , vol.2 , pp. 71-76
    • Dibbel, J.1
  • 25
    • 0002603702 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identity and deception in the virtual community
    • Kollock P., and Smith M. (Eds), Routledge, London
    • Donath J. Identity and deception in the virtual community. In: Kollock P., and Smith M. (Eds). Communities in Cyberspace (1998), Routledge, London 29-59
    • (1998) Communities in Cyberspace , pp. 29-59
    • Donath, J.1
  • 26
    • 0026284863 scopus 로고
    • The equalization phenomenon: status effects in computer-mediated and face-to-face decision-making groups
    • Dubrovsky V.J., Kiesler S., and Sethna B.N. The equalization phenomenon: status effects in computer-mediated and face-to-face decision-making groups. Human-Computer Interaction 6 (1991) 119-146
    • (1991) Human-Computer Interaction , vol.6 , pp. 119-146
    • Dubrovsky, V.J.1    Kiesler, S.2    Sethna, B.N.3
  • 27
    • 34447563098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Instant messaging. Lands' End's instant business
    • Dukcevich D. Instant messaging. Lands' End's instant business. Forbes Magazine (2002)
    • (2002) Forbes Magazine
    • Dukcevich, D.1
  • 28
    • 34447578141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Egger, F.N., 2003. From Interactions to transactions: designing the trust experience for business-to-consumer electronic commerce. Unpublished Dissertation, Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands.
  • 29
    • 0039270436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why don't we catch liars?
    • Ekman P. Why don't we catch liars?. Social Research 63 (1996) 801-818
    • (1996) Social Research , vol.63 , pp. 801-818
    • Ekman, P.1
  • 31
    • 34447534666 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Korea's weird wired world
    • Fulford B. Korea's weird wired world. Forbes Magazine 2 172 (2003) 92-95
    • (2003) Forbes Magazine , vol.2 , Issue.172 , pp. 92-95
    • Fulford, B.1
  • 32
  • 33
    • 21644461111 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Golder, S.A., Donath, J., 2004. Hiding and revealing in online poker games. Proceedings of the Computer Supported Cooperative Work, Chicago, IL.
  • 35
    • 34447563097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Grazioli, S., Wang, A., 2001. Looking without seeing: Understanding naïve consumers' success and failure to detect internet deception. Proceedings of the International Conference on Information Systems, New Orleans, LA, pp. 193-204.
  • 36
    • 0039511853 scopus 로고
    • Nonverbal primacy in deception detection
    • Hale J.L., and Stiff J.B. Nonverbal primacy in deception detection. Communication Reports 3 (1990) 75-83
    • (1990) Communication Reports , vol.3 , pp. 75-83
    • Hale, J.L.1    Stiff, J.B.2
  • 38
    • 4444290892 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hancock, J.T., Thom-Santelli, J., Ritchie, T., 2004. Deception and design: the impact of communication technologies on lying behavior. Proceedings of Conference on Computer Human Interaction, New York.
  • 39
    • 0002534383 scopus 로고
    • Play and ritual: complementary frames of meta-communication
    • Chapman A.J., and Foot H. (Eds), Pergamon, London
    • Handelman D. Play and ritual: complementary frames of meta-communication. In: Chapman A.J., and Foot H. (Eds). It's a Funny Thing, Humour (1976), Pergamon, London 185-192
    • (1976) It's a Funny Thing, Humour , pp. 185-192
    • Handelman, D.1
  • 40
    • 34447565361 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heckman, C.E., Wobbrock, J.O., 2000. Put Your Best Face Forward: Anthropomorphic agents, e-commerce consumers, and the law. Proceedings of the Agents, Barcelona, Spain.
  • 41
    • 34447561083 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Herring, S., 1994. Gender differences in computer-mediated communication: bringing familiar baggage to the new frontier. Retrieved May 3, 2006, from 〈http://www.inform.umd.edu/EdRes/Topic/WomensStudies/Computing/Articles+ResearchPapers/gender-differences-communication〉.
  • 42
    • 0001079963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Posting in a different voice: gender and ethics in computer-mediated communication
    • Ess C. (Ed), State University of New York Press, Albany
    • Herring S. Posting in a different voice: gender and ethics in computer-mediated communication. In: Ess C. (Ed). Philosophical Perspectives in Computer-Mediated Communication (1996), State University of New York Press, Albany
    • (1996) Philosophical Perspectives in Computer-Mediated Communication
    • Herring, S.1
  • 43
    • 84986366690 scopus 로고
    • Experiments in group decision-making: communication process and outcome in face-to-face versus computerized conferences
    • Hiltz S.R., Johnson K., and Turoff M. Experiments in group decision-making: communication process and outcome in face-to-face versus computerized conferences. Human Communication Research 13 (1986) 225-252
    • (1986) Human Communication Research , vol.13 , pp. 225-252
    • Hiltz, S.R.1    Johnson, K.2    Turoff, M.3
  • 44
    • 34447561082 scopus 로고
    • Experiments in Group decision-making, 3: disinhibition, de individualisation, and group process in pen-name and real-name computer conferences
    • Hiltz S.R., Turoff M., and Johnson K. Experiments in Group decision-making, 3: disinhibition, de individualisation, and group process in pen-name and real-name computer conferences. Decision Support Systems 5 (1988) 1-16
    • (1988) Decision Support Systems , vol.5 , pp. 1-16
    • Hiltz, S.R.1    Turoff, M.2    Johnson, K.3
  • 45
    • 33750816852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of avatars on online consumer shopping behavior
    • Holzwarth M., Janiszewski C., and Neumann M.M. The influence of avatars on online consumer shopping behavior. Journal of Marketing 70 4 (2006) 19-36
    • (2006) Journal of Marketing , vol.70 , Issue.4 , pp. 19-36
    • Holzwarth, M.1    Janiszewski, C.2    Neumann, M.M.3
  • 46
    • 84982614595 scopus 로고
    • The masked face
    • Honigmann J.J. The masked face. Ethos 5 (1977) 263-280
    • (1977) Ethos , vol.5 , pp. 263-280
    • Honigmann, J.J.1
  • 48
    • 34447573150 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intel Corporation 2004. Enterprise instant messaging. Intel builds IM into a global business communication tool. White Paper, Retrieved September 29, 2004, from 〈http://www.intel.com/business/bss/infrastructure/managing/instant_msg.pdf〉.
  • 49
    • 34447548023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Internet Crime Complaint Center 2005. 2004 IC3 Annual Report. Retrieved November 30, 2006, from 〈http://www.ic3.gov/media/annualreports.aspx〉.
  • 50
    • 34447570060 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Internet Fraud Watch 2006. Internet Fraud Statistics. Retrieved February 12, 2007, from 〈http://www.fraud.org/2005_Internet_Fraud_Report.pdf〉.
  • 51
    • 84972924891 scopus 로고
    • Deceit, distrust and the social milieu: application of deception research in a troubled world
    • Kalbfleisch P.J. Deceit, distrust and the social milieu: application of deception research in a troubled world. Journal of Applied Communication Research 20 (1992) 308-334
    • (1992) Journal of Applied Communication Research , vol.20 , pp. 308-334
    • Kalbfleisch, P.J.1
  • 52
    • 33846467518 scopus 로고
    • Social psychological aspects of computer-mediated communication
    • Kiesler S., Siegel J., and McGuire T.W. Social psychological aspects of computer-mediated communication. American Psychologist 39 (1984) 1123-1134
    • (1984) American Psychologist , vol.39 , pp. 1123-1134
    • Kiesler, S.1    Siegel, J.2    McGuire, T.W.3
  • 54
    • 84987493242 scopus 로고
    • An exploration of deception as a communication construct
    • Knapp M.L., Hart R.P., and Dennis H.S. An exploration of deception as a communication construct. Human Communication Research 1 1 (1974) 15-29
    • (1974) Human Communication Research , vol.1 , Issue.1 , pp. 15-29
    • Knapp, M.L.1    Hart, R.P.2    Dennis, H.S.3
  • 55
    • 84985097740 scopus 로고
    • Humans as lie detectors
    • Kraut R. Humans as lie detectors. Journal of Communication 30 (1980) 209-216
    • (1980) Journal of Communication , vol.30 , pp. 209-216
    • Kraut, R.1
  • 56
    • 7544225715 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ambiguous self-identification and sincere communication in CMC
    • Anolli L., Ciceri R., and Riva G. (Eds), IOS Press, Amsterdam
    • Mabry E.A. Ambiguous self-identification and sincere communication in CMC. In: Anolli L., Ciceri R., and Riva G. (Eds). Say Not to Say: New Perspectives on Miscommunication (2002), IOS Press, Amsterdam 247-264
    • (2002) Say Not to Say: New Perspectives on Miscommunication , pp. 247-264
    • Mabry, E.A.1
  • 57
    • 0002993088 scopus 로고
    • Scales for the measurement of ethos
    • McCroskey J.C. Scales for the measurement of ethos. Speech Monographs. 33 (1966) 65-72
    • (1966) Speech Monographs. , vol.33 , pp. 65-72
    • McCroskey, J.C.1
  • 58
    • 34447573149 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • McGuire, W.J., 1968. Personality and attitude change: AN information-processing theory. In: A. G. Greenwood, T. C. Brock, T. M., Ostrom (Eds.), Psychological Foundations of Attitudes. Academic Press, San Diego, CA, pp.171-196.
  • 59
    • 0000225960 scopus 로고
    • Attitudes and attitude change
    • Lindzey G., and Aronson E. (Eds), Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA
    • McGuire W.J. Attitudes and attitude change. In: Lindzey G., and Aronson E. (Eds). Handbook of Social Psychology Vol. 2 (1969), Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA
    • (1969) Handbook of Social Psychology , vol.2
    • McGuire, W.J.1
  • 60
    • 0032333407 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coming out in the age of the Internet: identity 'de-marginalization' from virtual group participation
    • McKenna K.Y.A., and Bargh J.A. Coming out in the age of the Internet: identity 'de-marginalization' from virtual group participation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 75 (1998) 681-694
    • (1998) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.75 , pp. 681-694
    • McKenna, K.Y.A.1    Bargh, J.A.2
  • 62
    • 34447563095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nikitkov, A.N., Stone, D.N., 2006. Online auction deception: a forensic case study of an opportunistic seller. Working Paper. Retrieved November 21, 2006 from 〈http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=917423〉.
  • 63
    • 85140349026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nowak, K. L., 2004. The influence of anthropomorphism and agency on social judgment in virtual environments. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 9(2). Retrieved May 3, 2006, from 〈http://www.ascusc.org/jcmc/vol9/issue2/nowak.html〉.
  • 65
    • 0036940588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The sociocognitive psychology of computer-mediated communication: the present and future of technology-based interactions
    • Riva G. The sociocognitive psychology of computer-mediated communication: the present and future of technology-based interactions. Cyberpsychology and Behavior 5 6 (2002) 581-598
    • (2002) Cyberpsychology and Behavior , vol.5 , Issue.6 , pp. 581-598
    • Riva, G.1
  • 68
    • 34447575920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Scheidt, L. A., 2004. Buxom girls and boys in baseball hats: adolescent avatars in graphical chat spaces. Presented at the meeting of the 54th Annual Conference, International Communication Association, New Orleans LA. Retrieved April 19, 2006 from 〈http://www.slis.indiana.edu/research/working_papers/files/SLIS-WP-03-04.pdf〉.
  • 71
    • 0022810941 scopus 로고
    • Reducing social context cues: electronic mail in organizational communication
    • Sproull L., and Kiesler S. Reducing social context cues: electronic mail in organizational communication. Management Science 32 (1986) 1492-1512
    • (1986) Management Science , vol.32 , pp. 1492-1512
    • Sproull, L.1    Kiesler, S.2
  • 72
    • 0002399496 scopus 로고
    • The persuasive effect of source credibility: tests of cognitive response
    • Sternthal B., Dholakia R.R., and Leavitt C. The persuasive effect of source credibility: tests of cognitive response. Journal of Consumer Research 4 (1978) 252-260
    • (1978) Journal of Consumer Research , vol.4 , pp. 252-260
    • Sternthal, B.1    Dholakia, R.R.2    Leavitt, C.3
  • 73
    • 34447575919 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stewart, C., Shields, S., 1996. Women and men communicating in cyberspace: do listservs offer new possibilities for communication equity? Proceedings of the International Communication Association Conference, Chicago, IL.
  • 74
    • 34447574135 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stewart, C. M., Shields, S. F., Monolescu, D., Taylor, J. C., 1999. Gender and participation in synchronous CMC: an IRC case study. Interpersonal Computing and Technology: An Electronic Journal for the 21st Century, 7(1-2). Retrieved May 3, 2006, from 〈http://www.rider.edu/~suler/psycyber/genderswap.html〉.
  • 75
    • 34447565323 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Suler, J., 1999. Gender switching in cyberspace. The Psychology of Cyberspace. Retrieved May 3, 2006, from 〈http://www.rider.edu/~suler/psycyber/genderswap.html〉.
  • 77
    • 17444427927 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple pleasures: women and online gaming
    • Taylor T.L. Multiple pleasures: women and online gaming. Convergence 9 1 (2003) 21-46
    • (2003) Convergence , vol.9 , Issue.1 , pp. 21-46
    • Taylor, T.L.1
  • 78
    • 84973836633 scopus 로고
    • Interpersonal effects in computer-mediated interaction: a relational perspective
    • Walther J.B. Interpersonal effects in computer-mediated interaction: a relational perspective. Communication Research 19 (1992) 52-90
    • (1992) Communication Research , vol.19 , pp. 52-90
    • Walther, J.B.1
  • 79
    • 0009367755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • When is mediated communication not interpersonal?
    • Galvin K.M., and Cooper P.J. (Eds), Roxbury, Los Angeles
    • Walther J.B., and Tidwell L.C. When is mediated communication not interpersonal?. In: Galvin K.M., and Cooper P.J. (Eds). Making Connections: Readings in Relational Communication (1996), Roxbury, Los Angeles 300-307
    • (1996) Making Connections: Readings in Relational Communication , pp. 300-307
    • Walther, J.B.1    Tidwell, L.C.2
  • 81
    • 84987564639 scopus 로고
    • The measurement of trust and its relationship to self-disclosure
    • Wheeless L., and Grotz J. The measurement of trust and its relationship to self-disclosure. Human Communication Research 3 3 (1977) 250-257
    • (1977) Human Communication Research , vol.3 , Issue.3 , pp. 250-257
    • Wheeless, L.1    Grotz, J.2
  • 82
    • 0034747496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adaptation and communicative design: patterns of interaction in truthful and deceptive conversation
    • White C.H., and Burgoon J.K. Adaptation and communicative design: patterns of interaction in truthful and deceptive conversation. Human Communication Research 27 (2001) 9-37
    • (2001) Human Communication Research , vol.27 , pp. 9-37
    • White, C.H.1    Burgoon, J.K.2
  • 83
    • 34447563096 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wulfhorst, E., 2006. Holiday season rings in the phony absences. Reuters. Retrieved November 30, 2006, from 〈http://news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20061129/hl_nm/life_work_sick_dc〉.
  • 84
    • 70350488617 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Zhou, L., Twitchell, D. P., Qin, T., Burgoon, J. K., Nunamaker, J. F., 2003. An exploratory study into deception detection in text-only computer-mediated communication. Proceedings of the Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, Hawaii.
  • 85
    • 12344288047 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Zhou, L., Zhang, D., 2004. Can online behavior unveil deceivers?-an exploratory investigation of deception in instant messaging. Proceedings of the 37th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, Big Island, Hawaii, USA.
  • 86
    • 77957036209 scopus 로고
    • Verbal and nonverbal communication of deception
    • Berkowitz L. (Ed), Academic Press, New York
    • Zuckerman M., DePaulo M., and Rosenthal R. Verbal and nonverbal communication of deception. In: Berkowitz L. (Ed). Advances in Experimental Social Psychology (1981), Academic Press, New York 1-59
    • (1981) Advances in Experimental Social Psychology , pp. 1-59
    • Zuckerman, M.1    DePaulo, M.2    Rosenthal, R.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.