The digital vicious cycle: Links between social disadvantage and digital exclusion in rural areas

Telecommunications Policy

Volumn 31, Issue 6-7, 2007, Pages 374-388

  Warren, Martyn ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PLYMOUTH   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Digital divide; Information intermediary; Internet; Rural; Social exclusion

Indexed keywords

DIGITAL DIVIDE; INFORMATION INTERMEDIARY; SOCIAL EXCLUSION;

BROADBAND NETWORKS; INFORMATION USE; INTERNET;

TELECOMMUNICATION SERVICES;

EID: 34447544550     PISSN: 03085961     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.telpol.2007.04.001     Document Type: Article

References (89)

1. Anderson B., and Tracey K. Digital living: impact (or otherwise) of the internet on everyday British life. In: Wellman B., and Haythornthwaite C. (Eds). The internet in everyday life (2002), Blackwell Publishing Ltd, Oxford 139-163
2. Andrew T.N., and Petkov D. The need for a systems thinking approach to the planning of rural telecommunications infrastructure. Telecommunications Policy 27 1-2 (2003) 75-93
3. Ballantyne, P., Labelle, R., & Rudgard, S. (2000). Information and knowledge management: Challenges for capacity builders. Maastricht: ECDPM (Policy Management Brief No. 11).
4. BBC News (2004). UK broadband gets speed injection. Retrieved 16 November 2004, from 〈http://news.bbc.co.uk/go/pr/fr/-/1/hi/technology/4016031.stm〉.
5. Bessette, G. (2004). Involving the community: A guide to participatory development communication. Ottawa: Southbound/International Development Research Council.
6. Birch D. Do you take cash?. In: Christie I., and Perry H. (Eds). The wealth and poverty of networks: Tackling social exclusion (1997), Demos, London 71-80
7. Cabinet Office: Prime Minister's Strategy Unit (March 2005). Connecting the UK: The digital strategy. Retrieved 7 April 2005, from 〈http://www.strategy.gov.uk/downloads/work_areas/digital_strategy/digital_strategy.pdf〉.
8. Castells M. The Internet galaxy: Reflections on the internet, business and society (2001), Oxford University Press, Oxford
9. Chen W., Boase J., and Wellman B. The global villagers: World internet use. In: Wellman B., and Haythornthwaite C. (Eds). The internet in everyday life (2002), Blackwell Publishing Ltd, Oxford 74-113
10. Cloke P. Poor country. In: Cloke P., and Little J. (Eds). Contested countryside cultures: Otherness, marginalisation and rurality (1997), Routledge, London 252-271
11. Commission for Rural Communities (2005a). Beyond digital divides? The future for ICT in rural areas. Retrieved 7 April 2005, from 〈http://www.ruralcommunities.gov.uk/images/CC17_Broadband.pdf〉.
12. Commission for Rural Communities (2005b). Rural disadvantage: Our first thematic study. Retrieved 7 April 2005, from 〈http://www.ruralcommunities.gov.uk/article1.htm〉.
13. Commission for Rural Communities. The state of the countryside 2006 (2006), Commission for Rural Communities, Cheltenham
14. Cornford, J., Gillespie, A., & Richardson, R. (1999). Regional development in the information society: A review and analysis. Newcastle upon Tyne: Centre for Urban and Regional Development Studies, University of Newcastle.
15. Crampton J. The political economy of cyberspace (2003), Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh
16. Department of Environment & Ministry of Agriculture Fisheries and Food. Rural England: A nation committed to a living countryside (1995), HMSO, London
17. Dobransky K., and Hargatti E. The disability divide in internet access and use. Information, Communication and Society 9 3 (2006) 313-334
18. EKOS (2002). Tracking the dual digital divide: EKOS.
19. Ettema J. Three phases in the creation of information inequities: an empirical assessment of a prototype videotex system. Journal of Broadcasting 28 4 (1984) 383-395
20. Ettema J., and Kline F. Deficits, differences and ceilings: contingent conditions for understanding the knowledge gap. Communication Research 4 2 (1977) 179-202
21. European Commission (2006). Rural development policy 2007-2013. Retrieved 26 January 2007, from 〈http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/rurdev/index_en.htm〉.
22. Forestier E., Grace J., and Kenny C. Can information and communication technologies be pro-poor?. Telecommunications Policy 26 11 (2002) 623-646
23. Furuseth O. Service provision and social deprivation. In: Ilbery B. (Ed). The geography of rural change (1998), Pearson, Harlow, UK 233-256
24. Future Foundation (2004). The digital divide in 2025: An independent study conducted for BT: Future Foundation.
25. Gant R., and Walford N. Telecommunications and disabled people: A rural perspective. Health & Place 4 3 (1998) 245-263
26. GAO (2006). Broadband deployment is extensive throughout the United States, but it is difficult to assess the extent of deployment gaps in rural areas. Report to Congressional Committees. Washington, DC: United States Government Accountability Office.
27. Gillett S.E., Lehr W.H., and Osorio C. Local government broadband initiatives. Telecommunications Policy 28 7-8 (2004) 537-558
28. Graham S. The software-sorted city: rethinking the 'digital divide'. In: Graham S. (Ed). The cybercities reader (2004), Routledge, London 324-331
29. Griffin, D., & Halpin, E. (2004). Local government: A digital intermediary for the information age? Leeds: University of Leeds, School of Information Management Working Papers.
30. Grubesic T.H. Inequities in the broadband revolution. Annals of Regional Science 37 2 (2003) 263-289
31. Grubesic T.H., and Murray A.T. Constructing the divide: Spatial disparities in broadband access. Papers in Regional Science 81 2 (2002) 197-221
32. Gumucio-Dagron A. Making waves: Stories of participatory communication for social change (2001), Rockefeller Foundation, New York
33. Gumucio-Dagron, A. (2003). What can ICTs do for the rural poor? Paper presented at the World Summit for the Information Society, Geneva, December 11, 2003.
34. Gurstein M. Effective use: A community informatics strategy beyond the digital divide. First Monday 8 12 (2003)
35. Hindman B. The rural-urban digital divide. Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly 77 3 (2000) 549-560
36. Huggins R., and Izushi H. The digital divide and ICT learning in rural communities: Examples of good practice service delivery. Local Economy 17 2 (2002) 111-122
37. Information and Technologies Group (2000). Readiness for the networked world: A guide for developing countries. Cambridge, MA: Centre for International Development, Harvard University.
38. International Telecommunication Union (2004). Africa: The world's fastest growing mobile market. Retrieved 26 January 2006, from 〈http://www.itu.int/newsarchive/press_releases/2004/04.html〉.
39. Katz J., and Rice R. Syntopia: Access, civic involvement and social interaction on the Net. In: Wellman B., and Haythornthwaite C. (Eds). The internet in everyday life (2002), Blackwell Publishing Ltd, Oxford 114-138
40. Katzman N. The impact of communication technology: promises and prospects. Journal of Communication 24 (1974) 47-58
41. Kayani, R., & Dymond, A. (1997). Options for rural telecommunications development. Technical paper, no. 359. Washington DC: The World Bank.
42. Kingsley P., and Anderson T. Facing life without the internet. Internet Research: Electronic Networking Applications and Policy 8 4 (1998) 303-312
43. Kruger D. Access denied. In: Graham S. (Ed). The cybercities reader (2004), Routledge, London 320-323
44. Kubitschke L., and Cullen K. Policy approaches to involve societal at-risk groups in European e-services. In: Cunningham P., and Cunningham M. (Eds). e-Adoption and the knowledge economy: Issues, applications, case studies Vol. 1 (2004), IOS Press, Amsterdam 150-157
45. Malecki E. Digital development in rural areas: potentials and pitfalls. Journal of Rural Studies 19 (2003) 201-214
46. Max Lock Centre (2000a). Improving knowledge transfer: Identifying the appropriate medium for communication (Guide 5). From 〈http://www.wmin.ac.uk/builtenv/maxlock/KTweb/KTF_Guide5.htm〉.
47. Max Lock Centre (2000b). Improving knowledge transfer: Intermediaries in knowledge transfer and exchange (Guide 4). From 〈http://www.wmin.ac.uk/builtenv/maxlock/KTweb/KTF_Guide4.htm〉.
48. McBean, H. (2004). Do unlikely partners contribute to an informed society? Maastricht ECDPM (InBrief 11A).
49. McBean, H. (2005). What matters in a communication strategy. Maastricht ECDPM (InBrief 11B).
50. Mefalopulos P., and Kamlongera C. Participatory communication strategy design: A handbook. 2nd ed (2004), FAO, Rome
51. Michiels, S., & van Crowder, L. (2001). Discovering the "Magic Box": Local appropriation of information and communication technologies (ICTs). Retrieved 21 March 2003, from 〈http://www.fao.org/sd/2001/KN0602a_en.htm〉.
52. Milbourne P. Hidden from view: poverty and marginalisation in rural Britain. In: Milbourne P. (Ed). Revealing rural 'others': Representation, power and identity in the British countryside (1997), Pinter, London 84-116
53. Mills B.F., and Whitacre B.E. Understanding the non-metropolitan-metropolitan digital divide. Growth and Change 34 2 (2003) 219-243
54. Mingione, E. (1997). Enterprise and exclusion. In: Christie & H. Perry (Eds.), The wealth and poverty of networks: Tackling social exclusion.
55. Mueller, K. (March 2006). World broadband statistics: Q4 2005. Retrieved 12 May 2006, from 〈http://www.point-topic.com/contentDownload/dslanalysis/world%20broadband%20statistics%20q4%202005.pdf〉.
56. Norris P. Digital divide: Civic engagement, information poverty, and the Internet worldwide (2001), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
57. NTIA (1995). Falling through the net: A survey of the "have nots" in rural and urban America. Retrieved March 2001, from 〈http://www.ntia.doc.gov/ntiahome/fallingthru.html〉.
58. NTIA (1998). Falling through the net II: New data on the digital divide. Retrieved March 2001, from 〈http://www.ntia.doc.gov/ntiahome/net2/〉.
59. NTIA (1999). Falling through the net: defining the digital divide: National Telecommunications and Information Administration.
60. NTIA (2000). Falling through the net: Towards digital inclusion. National Telecommunications and Information Administration.
61. O'Farrell, C. (2001). Information flows in rural and urban communities: Access, processes and people. Paper presented at the Development Studies Association, University of Manchester.
62. ONS (2004). Internet access. Retrieved 15 February 2005, from 〈http://www.statistics.gov.uk/CCI/nugget.asp?ID=8&Pos=1&ColRank=1&Rank=160〉.
63. Parker E. Closing the rural digital divide. Telecommunications Policy 24 4 (2000)
64. Pociask, S. (2005). Broadband use by rural small businesses. Charlotte, NC: United States Small Business Administration, Office of Advocacy.
65. Point Topic (18 January 2006). New results show a deeper 'digital divide'. Retrieved 5 February 2006, from 〈http://www.point-topic.com/content/dslanalysis/bbusdeepeningdigitaldivide060117.htm〉.
66. Ramirez R. A model for rural and remote information and communication technologies: A Canadian exploration. Telecommunications Policy 25 5 (2001) 315-330
67. Ramirez R., Haq M., and Richardson D. Grameen telecom's village phone programme: A multi-media case study (2000), TeleCommons Development Group, Guelph
68. Richardson, T. (2004). BT moves to 'universal availability' of broadband. Retrieved 5 May 2005, from 〈http://www.theregister.co.uk/2004/04/27/bt_broadband_exchange/〉.
69. Rogers E. Diffusion of innovations. 4th ed (1995), The Free Press, New York
70. Sanyal B. From dirt road to information superhighway: advanced information technology (AIT) and the future of the urban poor. In: Wheeler J., Aoyama Y., and Warf B. (Eds). Cities in the telecommunications age: The fracturing of geographies (2000), Routledge, New York 143-157
71. Schilderman T. Strengthening the knowledge and information systems of the urban poor (2002), Department for International Development (DFID), London
72. Selhofer, H., & Huesing, T. (2002). The digital divide index-a measure of social inequalities in the adoption of ICT. Retrieved 4 May 2005, from 〈http://www.sibis-eu.org/files/Huesing_Selhofer_DDIX_2002.pdf〉.
73. Servon L. Bridging the digital divide: Technology, community and public policy (2002), Blackwell Publishers Ltd, Malden, MA
74. SIBIS (2003). Statistical indicators benchmarking the information society: General population survey. Retrieved 4 May 2005, from 〈http://www.sibis-eu.org/statistics/stat_ind.htm〉.
75. Skerratt S., and Warren M.F. Buckfastleigh broadband community network: Final report (2004), University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
76. Social Exclusion Unit. Preventing social exclusion (2001), Social Exclusion Unit, UK, London
77. Sumner P., and Yardley M. Predicting UK future residential broadband bandwidth requirements (2006), Analysis for Broadband Stakeholder Group, Cambridge
78. Talbot, H. (18-22 August 2003). ICTs and social exclusion (and inclusion). Paper presented at the XXth Congress of the European Society for Rural Sociology "Work, leisure and development in rural Europe today", Sligo, Ireland.
79. Talyarkhan, S., Grimshaw, D., & Lowe, L. (2004). Reaching the last mile: Knowledge sharing for development. Paper presented at the fifth European conference on organizational learning, knowledge and capabilities, Innsbruck.
80. The Communication Initiative (2005). Planning models: Community driven development (CDD) principles. Retrieved 26 January 2007, from 〈http://www.comminit.com/planningmodels/pmodels/planningmodels-108.html〉.
81. Vance, A. (2006). Need cheap DSL? Go to Rwanda. Retrieved 2 February 2007, from 〈http://www.theregister.co.uk/2006/02/23/rwanda_terracom/〉.
82. van Dijk J., and Hacker K. The digital divide as a complex and dynamic phenomenon. Information Society 19 4 (2003) 315-326
83. van Winden W. The end of social exclusion? On information technology policy as a key to social inclusion in large European cities. Regional Studies 35 9 (2001) 861-868
84. Varley, J. (2006). Predicting UK future residential bandwidth requirements (open letter). In: B. S. Group (Ed.). London: Commission for Rural Communities.
85. Warren M.F. E-farming or e-folly? Adoption of internet technology by farmers in England (2000), University of Plymouth, Newton Abbot, Devon, UK
86. Warren M.F. Digital divides and the adoption of information and communication technologies in the UK farm sector. International Journal of Information Technology and Management 1 4 (2002) 385-405
87. Warren M.F. Agrinet-taking technology to the countryside. Journal of Agricultural Education and Extension 9 1 (2003) 1-2
88. Warren M.F. Farmers online: drivers and impediments in adoption of internet in UK agricultural businesses. Journal of Small Business Enterprise Development 11 3 (2004) 1-2
89. Warren, M. F., & Skerratt, S. (2003). Virtual villages: A new force in rural development? Paper presented at the communities and technology conference, Amsterdam, 19-21 September 2003.