Breastfeeding after gestational diabetes pregnancy: Subsequent obesity and type 2 diabetes in women and their offspring

Diabetes Care

Volumn 30, Issue SUPPL. 2, 2007, Pages

  Gunderson, Erica P ^a  

^a DIVISION OF RESEARCH   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENCE; ARTICLE; BREAST FEEDING; BREAST MILK; CHILD GROWTH; CHILDHOOD; CORRELATION ANALYSIS; DISEASE COURSE; HUMAN; LACTATION; MILK PRODUCTION; NON INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; OBESITY; PREGNANCY DIABETES MELLITUS; PREVALENCE; PROGENY; PROPHYLAXIS; RISK ASSESSMENT;

ADOLESCENT; BREAST FEEDING; CHILD; DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2; DIABETES, GESTATIONAL; FEMALE; HUMANS; INFANT; LACTATION; OBESITY; OVERWEIGHT; PREGNANCY;

EID: 34447137316     PISSN: 01495992     EISSN: 01495992     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2337/dc07-s210     Document Type: Article

References (112)

1. Collaborative Group on Hormonal Factors in Breast Cancer: Breast cancer and breastfeeding: collaborative reanalysis of individual data from 47 epidemiological studies in 30 countries, including 50302 women with breast cancer and 96973 women without the disease. Lancet 360: 187-195, 2002
2. Stuebe AM, Rich-Edwards JW, Willett WC, Manson JE, Michels KB: Duration of lactation and incidence of type 2 diabetes. JAMA 294:2601-2610, 2005
3. Grummer-Strawn LM, Mei Z: Does breastfeeding protect against pediatric overweight? Analysis of longitudinal data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Pediatric Nutrition Surveillance System. Pediatrics 113:e81-e86, 2004
4. Arenz S, von Kries R: Protective effect of breastfeeding against obesity in childhood: can a meta-analysis of observational studies help to validate the hypothesis? Adv Exp Med Biol 569:40-48, 2005
5. Ravelli AC, van der Meulen JH, Osmond C, Barker DJ, Bleker OP: Infant feeding and adult glucose tolerance, lipid profile, blood pressure, and obesity. Arch Dis Child 82:248-252, 2000
6. Rich-Edwards JW, Stampfer MJ, Manson JE, Rosner B, Hu FB, Michels KB, Willett WC: Breastfeeding during infancy and the risk of cardiovascular disease in adulthood. Epidemiology 15:550-556, 2004
7. Pettitt DJ, Forman MR, Hanson RL, Knowler WC, Bennett PH: Breastfeeding and incidence of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Pima Indians. Lancet 350:166-168, 1997
8. Lucas A, Fewtrell MS, Cole TJ: Fetal origins of adult disease: the hypothesis revisited. BMJ 319:245-249, 1999
9. Barker DJ, Eriksson JG, Forsen T, Osmond C: Fetal origins of adult disease: strength of effects and biological basis. Int J Epidemiol 31:1235-1239, 2002
10. Dewey KG: Is breastfeeding protective against child obesity? J Hum Lact 19:9-18, 2003
11. Arenz S, Ruckerl R, Koletzko B, von Kries R: Breast-feeding and childhood obesity: a systematic review. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 28:1247-1256, 2004
12. Owen CG, Martin RM, Whincup PH, Smith GD, Cook DG: Effect of infant feeding on the risk of obesity across the life course: a quantitative review of published evidence. Pediatrics 115:1367-1377, 2005
13. Harder T, Bergmann R, Kallischnigg G, Plagemann A: Duration of breastfeeding and risk of overweight: a meta-analysis. Am J Epidemiol 162:397-403, 2005
14. Whitaker RC, Dietz WH: Role of the prenatal environment in the development of obesity. J Pediatr 132:768-776, 1998
15. Pettitt DJ, Nelson RG, Saad MF, Bennett PH, Knowler WC: Diabetes and obesity in the offspring of Pima Indian women with diabetes during pregnancy. Diabetes Care 16:310-314, 1993
16. Plagemann A, Harder T, Kohlhoff R, Rohde W, Dorner G: Overweight and obesity in infants of mothers with long-term insulin-dependent diabetes or gestational diabetes. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 21:451-456, 1997
17. Gillman MW, Rifas-Shiman S, Berkey CS, Field AE, Colditz GA: Maternal gestational diabetes, birth weight, and adolescent obesity. Pediatrics 111:e221-e226, 2003
18. Schaefer-Graf UM, Pawliczak J, Passow D, Hartmann R, Rossi R, Buhrer C, Harder T, Plagemann A, Vetter K, Kordonouri O: Birth weight and parental BMI predict overweight in children from mothers with gestational diabetes. Diabetes Care 28:1745-1750, 2005
19. Whitaker RC, Pepe MS, Seidel KD, Wright JA, Knopp RH: Gestational diabetes and the risk of offspring obesity. Pediatrics 101:E9, 1998
20. Gartner LM, Morton J, Lawrence RA, Naylor AJ, O'Hare D, Schanler RJ, Eidelman AI: Breastfeeding and the use of human milk. Pediatrics 115:496-506, 2005
21. Institute of Medicine: Nutrition During Lactation. Washington, DC, National Academy Press, 1991
22. Ryan AS, Wenjun Z, Acosta A: Breastfeeding continues to increase into the new millennium. Pediatrics 110:1103-1109, 2002
23. Li R, Darling N, Maurice E, Barker L, Grummer-Strawn LM: Breastfeeding rates in the United States by characteristics of the child, mother, or family: the 2002 National Immunization Survey. Pediatrics 115:e31-e37, 2005
24. Troiano RP, Flegal KM: Overweight children and adolescents: description, epidemiology, and demographics. Pediatrics 101:497-504, 1998
25. Hedley AA, Ogden CL, Johnson CL, Carroll MD, Curtin LR, Flegal KM: Prevalence of overweight and obesity among US children, adolescents, and adults, 1999-2002. JAMA 291:2847-2850, 2004
26. Serdula MK, Ivery D, Coates RJ, Freedman DS, Williamson DF, Byers T: Do obese children become obese adults? A review of the literature. Prev Med 22: 167-177, 1993
27. Whitaker RC, Wright JA, Pepe MS, Seidel KD, Dietz WH: Predicting obesity in young adulthood from childhood and parental obesity. N Engl J Med 337:869-873, 1997
28. Monteiro PO, Victora CG: Rapid growth in infancy and childhood and obesity in later life: a systematic review. Obes Rev 6:143-154, 2005
29. Forsen T, Eriksson J, Tuomilehto J, Reunanen A, Osmond C, Barker D: The fetal and childhood growth of persons who develop type 2 diabetes. Ann Intern Med 133:176-182, 2000
30. Dietz WH: Health consequences of obesity in youth: childhood predictors of adult disease. Pediatrics 101:518-525, 1998
31. Bogen DL, Hanusa BH, Whitaker RC: The effect of breast-feeding with and without formula use on the risk of obesity at 4 years of age. Obes Res 12:1527-1535, 2004
32. Nelson MC, Gordon-Larsen P, Adair LS: Are adolescents who were breast-fed less likely to be overweight? Analyses of sibling pairs to reduce confounding. Epidemiology 16:247-253, 2005
33. Li C, Kaur H, Choi WS, Huang TT, Lee RE, Ahluwalia JS: Additive interactions of maternal prepregnancy BMI and breast-feeding on childhood overweight. Obes Res 13:362-371, 2005
34. Kvaavik E, Tell GS, Klepp KI: Surveys of Norwegian youth indicated that breast feeding reduced subsequent risk of obesity. J Clin Epidemiol 58:849-855, 2005
35. Reilly JJ, Armstrong J, Dorosty AR, Emmett PM, Ness A, Rogers I, Steer C, Sherriff A: Early life risk factors for obesity in childhood: cohort study. BMJ 330:1357, 2005
36. Burke V, Beilin LJ, Simmer K, Oddy WH, Blake KV, Doherty D, Kendall GE, Newnham JP, Landau LI, Stanley FJ: Breastfeeding and overweight: longitudinal analysis in an Australian birth cohort. J Pediatr 147:56-61, 2005
37. Victora CG, Barros F, Lima RC, Horta BL, Wells J: Anthropometry and body composition of 18 year old men according to duration of breast feeding: birth cohort study from Brazil. BMJ 327:901, 2003
38. Bergmann KE, Bergmann RL, von Kries R, Bohm O, Richter R, Dudenhausen JW, Wahn U: Early determinants of childhood overweight and adiposity in a birth cohort study: role of breast-feeding. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 27:162-172, 2003
39. Li L, Parsons TJ, Power C: Breast feeding and obesity in childhood: cross sectional study. BMJ 327:904-905, 2003
40. Whitaker RC: Predicting preschooler obesity at birth: the role of maternal obesity in early pregnancy. Pediatrics 114: e29-e36, 2004
41. Kramer MS, Guo T, Platt RW, Shapiro S, Collet JP, Chalmers B, Hodnett E, Sevkovskaya Z, Dzikovich I, Vanilovich I: Breastfeeding and infant growth: biology or bias? Pediatrics 110:343-347, 2002
42. Virtanen SM, Rasanen L, Ylonen K, Aro A, Clayton D, Langholz B, Pitkaniemi J, Savilahti E, Lounamaa R, Tuomilehto J: Early introduction of dairy products associated with increased risk of IDDM in Finnish children: the Childhood in Diabetes in Finland Study Group. Diabetes 42:1786-1790, 1993
43. Virtanen SM, Knip M: Nutritional risk predictors of beta cell autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes at a young age. Am J Clin Nutr 78:1053-1067, 2003
44. Touger L, Looker HC, Krakoff J, Lindsay RS, Cook V, Knowler WC: Early growth in offspring of diabetic mothers. Diabetes Care 28:585-589, 2005
45. Silverman BL, Rizzo TA, Cho NH, Metzger BE: Long-term effects of the intrauterine environment: the Northwestern University Diabetes in Pregnancy Center. Diabetes Care 21 (Suppl. 2): B142-B149, 1998
46. Plagemann A, Harder T, Franke K, Kohlhoff R: Long-term impact of neonatal breast-feeding on body weight and glucose tolerance in children of diabetic mothers. Diabetes Care 25:16-22, 2002
47. Rodekamp E, Harder T, Kohlhoff R, Franke K, Dudenhausen JW, Plagemann A: Long-term impact of breast-feeding on body weight and glucose tolerance in children of diabetic mothers: role of the late neonatal period and early infancy. Diabetes Care 28:1457-1462, 2005
48. Mayer-Davis EJ, Rifas-Shiman SL, Hu F, Colditz G, Gilman M: Breast feeding and risk for childhood obesity: does diabetes or obesity status matter? Pediatr Res 58: 1027-1028, 2005
49. Schaefer-Graf UM, Hartmann R, Pawliczak J, Passow D, Abou-Dakn M, Vetter K, Kordonouri O: Association of breastfeeding and early childhood overweight in children from mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care 29:1105-1107, 2006
50. Pettitt DJ, Knowler WC: Long-term effects of the intrauterine environment, birth weight, and breast-feeding in Pima Indians. Diabetes Care 21 (Suppl. 2): B138-B141, 1998
51. Young TK, Martens PJ, Taback SP, Sellers EA, Dean HJ, Cheang M, Flett B: Type 2 diabetes mellitus in children: prenatal and early infancy risk factors among native Canadians. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 156:651-655, 2002
52. Rasmussen KM, Kjolhede CL: Prepregnant overweight and obesity diminish the prolactin response to suckling in the first week postpartum. Pediatrics 113: e465-e471, 2004
53. Donath SM, Amir LH: Does maternal obesity adversely affect breastfeeding initiation and duration? Breastfeed Rev 8:29-33, 2000
54. Hartmann P, Cregan M: Lactogenesis and the effects of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and prematurity. J Nutr 131:3016S-3020S, 2001
55. Picciano MF: Pregnancy and lactation: physiological adjustments, nutritional requirements and the role of dietary supplements. J Nutr 133:1997S-2002S, 2003
56. Lewis DS, Bertrand HA, McMahan CA, McGill HC Jr, Carey KD, Masoro EJ: Preweaning food intake influences the adiposity of young adult baboons. J Clin Invest 78:899-905, 1986
57. Dewey KG, Heinig MJ, Nommsen LA, Peerson JM, Lonnerdal B: Breast-fed infants are leaner than formula-fed infants at 1 y of age: the DARLING study. Am J Clin Nutr 57:140-145, 1993
58. Dewey KG, Heinig MJ, Nommsen LA, Peerson JM, Lonnerdal B: Growth of breast-fed and formula-fed infants from 0 to 18 months: the DARLING Study. Pediatrics 89:1035-1041, 1992
59. Dewey KG, Peerson JM, Brown KH, Krebs NF, Michaelsen KF, Persson LA, Salmenpera L, Whitehead RG, Yeung DL: Growth of breast-fed infants deviates from current reference data: a pooled analysis of US, Canadian, and European data sets: World Health Organization Working Group on Infant Growth. Pediatrics 96:495-503, 1995
60. Ong KK, Preece MA, Emmett PM, Ahmed ML, Dunger DB: Size at birth and early childhood growth in relation to maternal smoking, parity and infant breast-feeding: longitudinal birth cohort study and analysis. Pediatr Res 52:863-867, 2002
61. Kramer MS, Guo T, Platt RW, Vanilovich I, Sevkovskaya Z, Dzikovich I, Michaelsen KF, Dewey K: Feeding effects on growth during infancy. J Pediatr 145:600-605, 2004
62. Ong KK, Ahmed ML, Emmett PM, Preece MA, Dunger DB: Association between postnatal catch-up growth and obesity in childhood: prospective cohort study. BMJ 320:967-971, 2000
63. Stettler N, Zemel BS, Kumanyika S, Stallings VA: Infant weight gain and childhood overweight status in a multicenter, cohort study. Pediatrics 109:194-199, 2002
64. Cameron N, Pettifor J, de Wet T, Norris S: The relationship of rapid weight gain in infancy to obesity and skeletal maturity in childhood. Obes Res 11:457-460, 2003
65. Stettler N, Stallings VA, Troxel AB, Zhao J, Schinnar R, Nelson SE, Ziegler EE, Strom BL: Weight gain in the first week of life and overweight in adulthood: a cohort study of European American subjects fed infant formula. Circulation 111: 1897-1903, 2005
66. Rolland-Cachera MF, Deheeger M, Akrout M, Bellisle F: Influence of macronutrients on adiposity development: a follow up study of nutrition and growth from 10 months to 8 years of age. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 19:573-578, 1995
67. Koletzko B, Broekaert I, Demmelmair H, Franke J, Hannibal I, Oberle D, Schiess S, Baumann BT, Verwied-Jorky S: Protein intake in the first year of life: a risk factor for later obesity? The E.U. childhood obesity project. Adv Exp Med Biol 569:69-79, 2005
68. Dorosty AR, Emmett PM, Cowin S, Reilly JJ: Factors associated with early adiposity rebound: ALSPAC Study Team. Pediatrics 105:1115-1118, 2000
69. Lucas A, Boyes S, Bloom SR, Aynsley-Green A: Metabolic and endocrine responses to a milk feed in six-day-old term infants: differences between breast and cow's milk formula feeding. Acta Paediatr Scand 70:195-200, 1981
70. Savino F, Nanni GE, Maccario S, Costamagna M, Oggero R, Silvestro L: Breastfed infants have higher leptin values than formula-fed infants in the first four months of life. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 17:1527-1532, 2004
71. Lonnerdal B, Havel PJ: Serum leptin concentrations in infants: effects of diet, sex, and adiposity. Am J Clin Nutr 72: 484-489, 2000
72. Tschop M, Smiley DL, Heiman ML: Ghrelin induces adiposity in rodents. Nature 407:908-913, 2000
73. Savino F, Fissore MF, Grassino EC, Nanni GE, Oggero R, Silvestro L: Ghrelin, leptin and IGF-I levels in breast-fed and formula-fed infants in the first years of life. Acta Paediatr 94:531-537, 2005
74. Savino F, Liguori SA, Fissore MF, Oggero R, Silvestro L, Miniero R: Serum ghrelin concentration and weight gain in healthy term infants in the first year of life. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 41:653-659, 2005
75. Sichieri R, Field AE, Rich-Edwards J, Willett WC: Prospective assessment of exclusive breastfeeding in relation to weight change in women. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 27:815-820, 2003
76. Coitinho DC, Sichieri R, D'Aquino Benicio MH: Obesity and weight change related to parity and breast-feeding among parous women in Brazil. Public Health Nutr 4:865-870, 2001
77. Wosje KS, Kalkwarf HJ: Lactation, weaning, and calcium supplementation: effects on body composition in postpartum women. Am J Clin Nutr 80: 423-429, 2004
78. Brewer MM, Bates MR, Vannoy LP: Postpartum changes in maternal weight and body fat depots in lactating vs nonlactating women. Am J Clin Nutr 49:259-265, 1989
79. Dewey KG, Heinig MJ, Nommsen LA: Maternal weight-loss patterns during prolonged lactation. Am J Clin Nutr 58: 162-166, 1993
80. Dewey KG: Impact of breastfeeding on maternal nutritional status. Adv Exp Med Biol 554:91-100, 2004
81. Heinig MJ, Dewey KG: Health effects of breastfeeding for mothers: a critical review. Nutr Res Rev 10:35-56, 1997
82. Olson CM, Strawderman MS, Hinton PS, Pearson TA: Gestational weight gain and postpartum behaviors associated with weight change from early pregnancy to 1 y postpartum. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 27:117-127, 2003
83. Ohlin A, Rossner S: Maternal body weight development after pregnancy. Int J Obes 14:159-173, 1990
84. Janney CA, Zhang D, Sowers M: Lactation and weight retention. Am J Clin Nutr 66:1116-1124, 1997
85. McKeown T, Record RG: The influence of reproduction on body weight in women. J Endocrinol 15:393-409, 1957
86. Olson CM, Strawderman MS: Modifiable behavioral factors in a biopsychosocial model predict inadequate and excessive gestational weight gain. J Am Diet Assoc 103:48-54, 2003
87. van Raaij JM, Schonk CM, Vermaat-Miedema SH, Peek ME, Hautvast JG: Energy cost of lactation, and energy balances of well-nourished Dutch lactating women: reappraisal of the extra energy requirements of lactation. Am J Clin Nutr 53:612-619, 1991
88. Sadurskis A, Kabir N, Wager J, Forsum E: Energy metabolism, body composition, and milk production in healthy Swedish women during lactation. Am J Clin Nutr 48:44-49, 1988
89. Gigante DP, Victora CG, Barros FC: Breast-feeding has a limited long-term effect on anthropometry and body composition of Brazilian mothers. J Nutr 131:78-84, 2001
90. Butte NF, Hopkinson JM: Body composition changes during lactation are highly variable among women. J Nutr 128:381S-385S, 1998
91. Rooney BL, Schauberger CW: Excess pregnancy weight gain and long-term obesity: one decade later. Obstet Gynecol 100:245-252, 2002
92. Linne Y, Dye L, Barkeling B, Rossner S: Weight development over time in parous women: the SPAWN study: 15 years follow-up. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 27:1516-1522, 2003
93. Dewey KG: Energy and protein requirements during lactation. Annu Rev Nutr 17:19-36, 1997
94. Butte NF, Hopkinson JM, Mehta N, Moon JK, Smith EO: Adjustments in energy expenditure and substrate utilization during late pregnancy and lactation. Am J Clin Nutr 69:299-307, 1999
95. Motil KJ, Montandon CM, Garza C: Basal and postprandial metabolic rates in lactating and nonlactating women. Am J Clin Nutr 52:610-615, 1990
96. Tigas S, Sunehag A, Haymond MW: Metabolic adaptation to feeding and fasting during lactation in humans. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 87:302-307, 2002
97. McManus RM, Cunningham I, Watson A, Harker L, Finegood DT: Beta-cell function and visceral fat in lactating women with a history of gestational diabetes. Metabolism 50:715-719, 2001
98. Hubinont CJ, Balasse H, Dufrane SP, Leclercq-Meyer V, Sugar J, Schwers J, Malaisse WJ: Changes in pancreatic B cell function during late pregnancy, early lactation and postlactation. Gynecol Obstet Invest 25:89-95, 1988
99. Kim C, Newton KM, Knopp RH: Gestational diabetes and the incidence of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review. Diabetes Care 25:1862-1868, 2002
100. Albareda M, Caballero A, Badell G, Piquer S, Ortiz A, De Leiva A, Corcoy R: Diabetes and abnormal glucose tolerance in women with previous gestational diabetes. Diabetes Care 26:1199-1205, 2003
101. Pallardo LF, Herranz L, Martin-Vaquero P, Garcia-Ingelmo T, Grande C, Janez M: Impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose tolerance in women with prior gestational diabetes are associated with a different cardiovascular profile. Diabetes Care 26:2318-2322, 2003
102. Aberg AE, Jonsson EK, Eskilsson I, Landin-Olsson M, Frid AH: Predictive factors of developing diabetes mellitus in women with gestational diabetes. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 81:11-16, 2002
103. Dalfra MG, Lapolla A, Masin M, Giglia G, Dalla BB, Toniato R, Fedele D: Antepartum and early postpartum predictors of type 2 diabetes development in women with gestational diabetes mellitus. Diabete Metab 27:675-680, 2001
104. Kjos SL, Henry O, Lee RM, Buchanan TA, Mishell DR Jr: The effect of lactation on glucose and lipid metabolism in women with recent gestational diabetes. Obstet Gynecol 82:451-455, 1993
105. Kjos SL, Peters RK, Xiang A, Henry OA, Montoro M, Buchanan TA: Predicting future diabetes in Latino women with gestational diabetes: utility of early postpartum glucose tolerance testing. Diabetes 44:586-591, 1995
106. Buchanan TA, Xiang A, Kjos SL, Lee WP, Trigo E, Nader I, Bergner EA, Palmer JP, Peters RK: Gestational diabetes: antepartum characteristics that predict postpartum glucose intolerance and type 2 diabetes in Latino women. Diabetes 47: 1302-1310, 1998
107. Buchanan TA, Xiang AH, Kjos SL, Trigo E, Lee WP, Peters RK: Antepartum predictors of the development of type 2 diabetes in Latino women 11-26 months after pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes. Diabetes 48:2430-2436, 1999
108. Diniz JM, Da Costa TH: Independent of body adiposity, breast-feeding has a protective effect on glucose metabolism in young adult women. Br J Nutr 92:905-912, 2004
109. American Diabetes Association: Position statement on gestational diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care 9:430-431, 1986
110. American Diabetes Association: Gestational diabetes mellitus (Position Statement). Diabetes Care 27 (Suppl. 1):S88-S90, 2004
111. Metzger BE, Coustan DR: Summary and recommendations of the Fourth International Workshop-Conference on Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: The Organizing Committee. Diabetes Care 21 (Suppl. 2): B161-B167, 1998
112. Gunderson EP, Lewis CE, Wei GS, Whitmer RA, Quesenberry CP, Sidney S: Lactation and changes in maternal metabolic risk factors. Obstet Gynecol 109: 729-738, 2007