Differentiating normal variability from inconsistency in children's speech: Normative data

International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders

Volumn 42, Issue 4, 2007, Pages 467-486

  Holm, Alison ^a,b   Crosbie, Sharon ^a   Dodd, Barbara ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF QUEENSLAND   (Australia)

^b ROYAL BRISBANE AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL   (Australia)

Author keywords

Inconsistency; Speech development; Variability; Whole word production

Indexed keywords

ACCURACY; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; ERROR; FEMALE; HUMAN; LINGUISTICS; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PHONEME; PRESCHOOL CHILD; PREVALENCE; SEMANTICS; SPEECH ARTICULATION; SPEECH DEVELOPMENT; SPEECH DISORDER; SPEECH LANGUAGE PATHOLOGIST;

AGE FACTORS; CHILD; CHILD LANGUAGE; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; PHONATION; PHONETICS; SEX FACTORS; SPEECH; SPEECH DISORDERS;

EID: 34447119533     PISSN: 13682822     EISSN: 14606984     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/13682820600988967     Document Type: Article

References (65)

1. BRADFORD, B. and DODD, B., 1994, The motor planning abilities of phonologically disordered children. European Journal of Disorders of Communication, 29, 349-369.
2. BRADFORD, B. and DODD, B., 1996, Do all speech-disordered children have motor planning deficits? Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics, 10, 77-101.
3. BRADFORD-HEIT, A. and DODD, B., 1998, Learning new words using imitation and additional cues: differences between children with disordered speech. Child Language Teaching and Therapy, 14, 159-179.
4. BROOMFIELD, J. and DODD, B., 2004, Children with speech and language disability: caseload characteristics. International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders, 39, 1-22.
5. BURT, L., HOLM, A. and DODD, B., 1999, Phonological awareness skills of 4-year-old British children: An assessment and developmental data. International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders, 34, 311-335.
6. CHAZAN, M., LAING, A., SHACKLETON BAILEY, M. and JONES, G., 1980, Some of Our Children: The Early Education (Somerset, London: Open Books).
7. CHEUNG, P. and ABBERTON, E., 2000, Patterns of phonological disability in Cantonese-speaking children in Hong Kong. International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders, 35, 451-473.
8. CHIAT, S., 1983, Why Mikey's right and my key's wrong: the significance of stress and word boundaries in a child's output system. Cognition, 14, 275-300.
9. CROSBIE, S., HOLM, A. and DODD, B., 2005, Intervention for children with severe speech disorder: a comparison of two approaches. International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders, 40, 467-491.
10. CRYSTAL, D., 1987, Toward a 'bucket' theory of language disability: taking account of interaction between linguistic levels. Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics, 1, 7-22.
11. DARLEY, F. and WINITZ, H., 1961, Age of first word: review of research. Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, 26, 272-290.
12. DODD, B., 1995, Differential Diagnosis and Treatment of Children with Speech Disorders (London: Whurr).
13. DODD, B. and BRADFORD, A., 2000, A comparison of three therapy methods for children with different types of developmental phonological disorder. International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders, 35, 189-209.
14. DODD, B. and MCCORMACK, P., 1995, A model of speech processing for differential diagnosis of phonological disorders. In B. Dodd (ed.), Differential Diagnosis and Treatment of Children with Speech Disorders (London: Whurr), pp. 65-89.
15. DODD, B., CROSBIE, S., MCINTOSH, B., TEITZEL, T. and OZANNE, A., 2000, Preschool and Primary Inventory of Phonological Awareness (London: Psychological Corporation).
16. DODD, B., HOLM, A., CROSBIE, S. and MCCORMACK, P., 2005, Differential diagnosis of phonological disorder. In B. Dodd (ed.), Differential Diagnosis and Treatment of Children with Speech Disorders (London: Whurr), pp. 44-70.
17. DODD, B., HOLM, A., ZHU, H. and CROSBIE, S., 2003, Phonological development: a normative study of British English-speaking children. Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics, 17(8), 617-643.
18. DODD, B., LEAHY, J. and HAMBLY, G., 1989, Phonological disorders in children: underlying cognitive deficits. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 7, 55-71.
19. ENDERBY, P. and PHILLIPP, R., 1986, Speech and language handicap: towards knowing the size of the problem. British Journal of Disorders of Communication, 21, 151-165.
20. FERGUSON, C. A. and FARWELL, C. B., 1975, Words and sounds in early language acquisition. Language, 51 (2), 419-439.
21. FORREST, K., 2003, Diagnostic criteria of developmental apraxia of speech used by clinical speech-language pathologists. American Journal of Speech Language Pathology, 12(3), 376-380.
22. FORREST, K., DINNSEN, D. and ELBERT, M., 1997, Impact of substitution patterns on phonological learning by misarticulating children. Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics, 11, 63-76.
23. FORREST, K., ELBERT, M. and DINNSEN, D., 2000, The effect of substitution patterns on phonological treatment outcomes. Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics, 14, 519-531.
24. GREEN, J. R., MOORE, C. A. and REILLY, K. J., 2002, The sequential development of jaw and lip control for speech. Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research, 45(1), 66-79.
25. GRIFFITHS, Y. M. and SNOWLING, M. J., 2002, Predictors of exception word and nonword reading in dyslexic children: the severity hypothesis. Journal of Educational Psychology, 94(1), 34-43.
26. GRUNWELL, P., 1981, The Nature of Phonological Disability in Children (London: Academic Press).
27. GRUNWELL, P., 1987, Clinical Phonology, 2nd edn (London: Croom Helm).
28. GRUNWELL, P., 1992, Processes of phonological change in developmental speech disorders. Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics, 6, 101-122.
29. HALPERN, D., 1986, Sex Differences in Cognitive Abilities (Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum).
30. HAYNES, W., HAYNES, M. and JACKSON, J., 1982, The effect of phonetic context and linguistic complexity on /s/ misarticulation in children. Journal of Communication Disorders, 15, 287-297.
31. HEALEY, T. and MADISON, C., 1987, Articulation error migration: A comparison of single word and connected speech samples. Journal of Communication Disorders, 20, 129-136.
32. HEWETT, S., 2002, Variability and phonological development. Acquiring Knowledge in Speech, Language and Hearing, 4, 151-153.
33. HOLM, A., CROSBIE, S. and DODD, B., 2006, Treating inconsistent speech disorders. In B. Dodd (ed.), Differential Diagnosis and Treatment of Children with Speech Disorders (London: Whurr), pp. 182-201.
34. HOLM, A. and DODD, B., 1999, Differential diagnosis of phonological disorder in two bilingual children acquiring Italian and English. Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics, 13, 113-129.
35. HYDE, J. and LINN, M., 1988, Gender differences in verbal ability: a meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 104, 53-69.
36. INGRAM, D., 1989, First Language Acquisition: Method, Description and Explanation (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).
37. KENNEY, K. and PRATHER, E., 1986, Articulation development in preschool children: consistency of production. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 29, 29-36.
38. KENNEY, K., PRATHER, E., MOONEY, M. and JERUZAL, N., 1984, Comparisons among three articulation sampling procedures with preschool children. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 27(2), 226-231.
39. LEONARD, L., SCHWARTZ, R., MORRIS, B. and CHAPMAN, K., 1981, Factors influencing early lexical acquisition: lexical orientation and phonological composition. Child Development, 52, 882-887.
40. LEWIS, B., 1990, Familial phonological disorders: four pedigrees. Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, 55, 160-170.
41. MACCOBY, E. and JACKLIN, C., 1974, The Psychology of Sex Differences (London: Oxford University Press).
42. MARQUARDT, T., JACKS, A. and DAVIS, B., 2004, Token-to-token variability in developmental apraxia of speech: three longitudinal case studies. Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics, 18, 127-144.
43. MCCORMACK, P. and DODD, B., 1996, A feature analysis of speech errors in subgroups of speech disordered children. In P. F. McCormack and A. Russell (eds), Proceedings of the Sixth Australian International Conference on Speech Science and Technology (Adelaide: Australian Speech Sciences and Technology Association).
44. MCCORMACK, P. and KNIGHTON, T., 1996, Gender differences in the speech patterns of two and a half year old children. In P. F. McCormack and A. Russell (eds), Proceedings of the Sixth Australian International Conference on Speech Science and Technology (Adelaide: Australian Speech Sciences and Technology Association).
45. MCLEOD, S., 2003, General trends and individual differences: perspectives on normal speech development. In S. P. Shovov (ed.), Advances in Psychology Research, Vol. 22 (New York, NY: Nova Science), pp. 189-202.
46. MENN, L. and STOEL-GAMMON, C., 1995, Phonological development. In P. Fletcher and B. MacWhinney (eds), The Handbook of Child Language (Oxford: Blackwell), pp. 335-359.
47. MOORE, T., 1967, Language and intelligence: a longitudinal study of the first eight years. Part I: Patterns of development in boys and girls. Human Development, 10, 88-106.
48. NITTROUER, S., 1993, The emergence of mature gestural patterns is not uniform: evidence from an acoustic study. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 36(5), 959-972.
49. OZANNE, A., 1995, The search for developmental verbal dyspraxia. In B. Dodd (ed.), Differential Diagnosis and Treatment of Children with Speech Disorders (London: Whurr), pp. 91-109.
50. RICE, K., 1996, Aspects of variability in child language acquisition. In B. Bernhardt, J. Gilbert and D. Ingram (eds), Proceedings of the UBC International Conference on Phonological Acquisition (Somerville: Cascadilla Press), pp. 1-14.
51. SHRIBERG, L., TOMBLIN, J. and MCS WEENY, J., 1999, Prevalence of speech delay in 6-year-old children and co-morbidity with language impairment. Journal of Speech and Language Hearing Research, 42, 1461-1481.
52. SMIT, A., HAND, L., FREILINGER, J., BERNTHAL, J. and BIRD, A., 1990, The Iowa articulation norms project and its Nebraska replication. Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, 55, 779-798.
53. SMITH, A. and GOFFMAN, L., 1998, Stability and patterning of speech movement sequences in children. Journal of Speech, Language and Hearing Research, 41(1), 18-30.
54. STACKHOUSE, J. and WELLS, B., 1997, Children's Speech and Literacy Difficulties (London: Whurr).
55. STAMPE, D., 1969, The acquisition of phonetic representation. In, Papers from the Fifth Regional Meeting of the Chicago Linguistic Society (Chicago, IL: Chicago Linguistic Society), pp. 433-444.
56. TEITZEL, T. and OZANNE, A., 1999, The development of consistency of speech production. Paper presented at the Child Phonology Conference, Bangor, UK, July 1999.
57. TEMPLIN, M., 1957, Certain Language Skills in Children: Their Development and Interrelationships. Institute of Child Welfare Monograph Series No.26 (Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota).
58. VIHMAN, M., 1993, Variable paths to early word production. Journal of Phonetics, 21, 61-82.
59. VIHMAN, M., 1996, Phonological Development: The Origins of Language in the Child (Oxford: Blackwell).
60. VIHMAN, M. M. and GREENLEE, M., 1987, Individual differences in phonological development: age one and age three. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 30, 503-521.
61. WEINDRICH, D., JENNEN-STEINMETZ, C., LAUCHT, M., ESSER, G. and SCHMIDT, M., 1998, At risk for language disorders? Correlates and course of language disorders in preschool children born at risk. Acta Pediatrica, 87, 1288-1294.
62. WEINER, F. and OSTROWSKI, A., 1979, Effects of listener uncertainty on articulatory inconsistency. Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, 46, 97-103.
63. WESTON, A. D., 1997, The influence of sentence elicitation variables on children's speech production. Journal of Speech, Language, Hearing and Research, 40(5), 975-989.
64. WILLIAMS, P. and STACKHOUSE, J., 2000, Rate, accuracy and consistency: diadochokinetic performance of young, typically developing children. Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics, 14, 267-293.
65. WINITZ, H., 1969, Articulatory Acquisition and Behaviour (Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall).