메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 2, Issue 1, 2007, Pages 6-13

Risk of selecting resistance mutations during treatment interruption

Author keywords

AIDS; Antiretroviral therapy; Clinical trials; Drug resistance mutations; HIV 1; Predictors; Treatment interruption

Indexed keywords

LAMIVUDINE; PROTEINASE INHIBITOR; RNA DIRECTED DNA POLYMERASE INHIBITOR;

EID: 34250733532     PISSN: 1746630X     EISSN: 17466318     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/COH.0b013e328011a1f4     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (4)

References (73)
  • 1
    • 2642709177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Declining morbidity and mortality among patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection. HIV Outpatient Study Investigators
    • Palella FJ, Delaney KM, Moorman AC, et al. Declining morbidity and mortality among patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection. HIV Outpatient Study Investigators. N Engl J Med 1998; 338:853-860.
    • (1998) N Engl J Med , vol.338 , pp. 853-860
    • Palella, F.J.1    Delaney, K.M.2    Moorman, A.C.3
  • 2
    • 0033537620 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improved survival among HIV-infected patients after initiation of triple-drug antiretroviral regimens
    • Hogg RS, Yip B, Kully C, et al. Improved survival among HIV-infected patients after initiation of triple-drug antiretroviral regimens. Can Med Assoc J 1999; 160:659-665.
    • (1999) Can Med Assoc J , vol.160 , pp. 659-665
    • Hogg, R.S.1    Yip, B.2    Kully, C.3
  • 3
    • 0032576426 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changing patterns of mortality across Europe in patients infected with HIV-1. EuroSIDA Study Group
    • Mocroft A, Vella S, Benfield TL, et al. Changing patterns of mortality across Europe in patients infected with HIV-1. EuroSIDA Study Group. Lancet 1998; 352:1725-1730.
    • (1998) Lancet , vol.352 , pp. 1725-1730
    • Mocroft, A.1    Vella, S.2    Benfield, T.L.3
  • 4
    • 0442268112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A controlled trial of two nucleoside analogues plus indinavir in persons with human immunodeficiency virus infection and CD4 cell counts of 200 per cubic millimeter or less. AIDS Clinical Trials Group 320 Study Team
    • Hammer SM, Squires KE, Hughes MD, et al. A controlled trial of two nucleoside analogues plus indinavir in persons with human immunodeficiency virus infection and CD4 cell counts of 200 per cubic millimeter or less. AIDS Clinical Trials Group 320 Study Team. N Engl J Med 1997; 337:725-733.
    • (1997) N Engl J Med , vol.337 , pp. 725-733
    • Hammer, S.M.1    Squires, K.E.2    Hughes, M.D.3
  • 5
    • 0030913366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantification of latent tissue reservoirs and total body viral load in HIV-1 infection
    • Chun TW, Carruth L, Finzi D, et al. Quantification of latent tissue reservoirs and total body viral load in HIV-1 infection. Nature 1997; 387:183-188.
    • (1997) Nature , vol.387 , pp. 183-188
    • Chun, T.W.1    Carruth, L.2    Finzi, D.3
  • 6
    • 14444273439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of a reservoir for HIV-1 in patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy
    • Finzi D, Hermankova M, Pierson T, et al. Identification of a reservoir for HIV-1 in patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy. Science 1997; 278:1295-1300.
    • (1997) Science , vol.278 , pp. 1295-1300
    • Finzi, D.1    Hermankova, M.2    Pierson, T.3
  • 7
    • 12944335238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiretroviral resistance during successful therapy of HIV type 1 infection
    • Martinez-Picado J, DePasquale MP, Kartsonis N, et al. Antiretroviral resistance during successful therapy of HIV type 1 infection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2000; 97:10948-10953.
    • (2000) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.97 , pp. 10948-10953
    • Martinez-Picado, J.1    DePasquale, M.P.2    Kartsonis, N.3
  • 8
    • 0030712305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recovery of replication-competent HIV despite prolonged suppression of plasma viremia
    • Wong JK, Hezareh M, Günthard HF, et al. Recovery of replication-competent HIV despite prolonged suppression of plasma viremia. Science 1997; 278:1291-1295.
    • (1997) Science , vol.278 , pp. 1291-1295
    • Wong, J.K.1    Hezareh, M.2    Günthard, H.F.3
  • 9
    • 0038579210 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term follow-up studies confirm the stability of the latent reservoir for HIV-1 in resting CD4(+) T cells
    • Siliciano JD, Kajdas J, Finzi D, et al. Long-term follow-up studies confirm the stability of the latent reservoir for HIV-1 in resting CD4(+) T cells. Nat Med 2003; 9:727-728.
    • (2003) Nat Med , vol.9 , pp. 727-728
    • Siliciano, J.D.1    Kajdas, J.2    Finzi, D.3
  • 10
    • 0032953920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Latent infection of CD4+ T cells provides a mechanism for lifelong persistence of HIV-1, even in patients on effective combination therapy
    • Finzi D, Blankson J, Siliciano JD, et al. Latent infection of CD4+ T cells provides a mechanism for lifelong persistence of HIV-1, even in patients on effective combination therapy. Nat Med 1999; 5:512-517.
    • (1999) Nat Med , vol.5 , pp. 512-517
    • Finzi, D.1    Blankson, J.2    Siliciano, J.D.3
  • 11
    • 0033609373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantifying residual HIV-1 replication in patients receiving combination antiretroviral therapy
    • Zhang L, Ramratnam B, Tenner-Racz K, et al. Quantifying residual HIV-1 replication in patients receiving combination antiretroviral therapy. N Engl J Med 1999; 340:1605-1613.
    • (1999) N Engl J Med , vol.340 , pp. 1605-1613
    • Zhang, L.1    Ramratnam, B.2    Tenner-Racz, K.3
  • 12
    • 0033609174 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Control of HIV despite the discontinuation of antiretroviral therapy [letter]
    • Lisziewicz J, Rosenberg E, Lieberman J, et al. Control of HIV despite the discontinuation of antiretroviral therapy [letter]. N Engl J Med 1999; 340:1683-1684.
    • (1999) N Engl J Med , vol.340 , pp. 1683-1684
    • Lisziewicz, J.1    Rosenberg, E.2    Lieberman, J.3
  • 13
    • 0032719664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV-1-specific immune responses in subjects who temporarily contain virus replication after discontinuation of highly active antiretroviral therapy
    • Ortiz GM, Nixon DF, Trkola A, et al. HIV-1-specific immune responses in subjects who temporarily contain virus replication after discontinuation of highly active antiretroviral therapy. J Clin Invest 1999; 104:R13-R18.
    • (1999) J Clin Invest , vol.104
    • Ortiz, G.M.1    Nixon, D.F.2    Trkola, A.3
  • 14
    • 0033831645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhancement of human immunodeficiency virus type 1-specific CD4 and CD8 T cell responses in chronically infected persons after temporary treatment interruption
    • Papasavvas E, Ortiz GM, Gross R, et al. Enhancement of human immunodeficiency virus type 1-specific CD4 and CD8 T cell responses in chronically infected persons after temporary treatment interruption. J Infect Dis 2000; 182:766-775.
    • (2000) J Infect Dis , vol.182 , pp. 766-775
    • Papasavvas, E.1    Ortiz, G.M.2    Gross, R.3
  • 15
    • 0034099528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strong human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-specific CD4+ T cell responses in a cohort of chronically infected patients are associated with interruptions in anti-HIV chemotherapy
    • Haslett PA, Nixon DF, Shen Z, et al. Strong human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-specific CD4+ T cell responses in a cohort of chronically infected patients are associated with interruptions in anti-HIV chemotherapy. J Infect Dis 2000; 181:1264-1272.
    • (2000) J Infect Dis , vol.181 , pp. 1264-1272
    • Haslett, P.A.1    Nixon, D.F.2    Shen, Z.3
  • 16
    • 0034071659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structured treatment interruption in chronically HIV-1 infected patients after long-term viral suppression
    • Ruiz L, Martinez-Picado J, Romeu J, et al. Structured treatment interruption in chronically HIV-1 infected patients after long-term viral suppression. AIDS 2000; 14:397-403.
    • (2000) AIDS , vol.14 , pp. 397-403
    • Ruiz, L.1    Martinez-Picado, J.2    Romeu, J.3
  • 17
    • 0032819454 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamics of viral load rebound and immunological changes after stopping effective antiretroviral therapy
    • Garcia F, Plana M, Vidal C, et al. Dynamics of viral load rebound and immunological changes after stopping effective antiretroviral therapy. AIDS 1999; 13:F79-F86.
    • (1999) AIDS , vol.13
    • Garcia, F.1    Plana, M.2    Vidal, C.3
  • 18
    • 0033592967 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV-1 and T cell dynamics after interruption of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in patients with a history of sustained viral suppression
    • Davey RT Jr, Bhat N, Yoder C, et al. HIV-1 and T cell dynamics after interruption of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in patients with a history of sustained viral suppression. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1999; 96:15109-15114.
    • (1999) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.96 , pp. 15109-15114
    • Davey Jr, R.T.1    Bhat, N.2    Yoder, C.3
  • 19
    • 0033613342 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Re-emergence of HIV after stopping therapy
    • Chun T-W, Davey RT, Engel D, et al. Re-emergence of HIV after stopping therapy. Nature 1999; 401:874-875.
    • (1999) Nature , vol.401 , pp. 874-875
    • Chun, T.-W.1    Davey, R.T.2    Engel, D.3
  • 20
    • 0037108925 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stimulation of HIV-specific cellular immunity by structured treatment interruption fails to enhance viral control in chronic HIV infection
    • Oxenius A, Price DA, Gunthard HF, et al. Stimulation of HIV-specific cellular immunity by structured treatment interruption fails to enhance viral control in chronic HIV infection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2002; 99:13747-13752.
    • (2002) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.99 , pp. 13747-13752
    • Oxenius, A.1    Price, D.A.2    Gunthard, H.F.3
  • 21
    • 0038025296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A prospective trial of structured treatment interruptions in human immunodeficiency virus infection
    • Fagard C, Oxenius A, Gunthard H, et al. A prospective trial of structured treatment interruptions in human immunodeficiency virus infection. Arch Intern Med 2003; 163:1220-1226.
    • (2003) Arch Intern Med , vol.163 , pp. 1220-1226
    • Fagard, C.1    Oxenius, A.2    Gunthard, H.3
  • 22
    • 20144379418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of HIV with drug resistance after CD4 cell count-guided structured treatment interruptions in patients treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy after dual-nucleoside analogue treatment
    • Nuesch R, Ananworanich J, Sirivichayakul S, et al. Development of HIV with drug resistance after CD4 cell count-guided structured treatment interruptions in patients treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy after dual-nucleoside analogue treatment. Clin Infect Dis 2005; 40:728-734.
    • (2005) Clin Infect Dis , vol.40 , pp. 728-734
    • Nuesch, R.1    Ananworanich, J.2    Sirivichayakul, S.3
  • 23
    • 0033768519 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risks and benefits of structured antiretroviral drug therapy interruptions in HIV-1 infection
    • Bonhoeffer S, Rembiszewski M, Ortiz GM, Nixon DF. Risks and benefits of structured antiretroviral drug therapy interruptions in HIV-1 infection. AIDS 2000; 14:2313-2322.
    • (2000) AIDS , vol.14 , pp. 2313-2322
    • Bonhoeffer, S.1    Rembiszewski, M.2    Ortiz, G.M.3    Nixon, D.F.4
  • 24
    • 0034671704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutation takes no vacation: Can structured treatment interruptions increase the risk of drug-resistant HIV-1?
    • Dorman KS, Kaplan AH, Lange K, Sinsheimer JS. Mutation takes no vacation: can structured treatment interruptions increase the risk of drug-resistant HIV-1? J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2000; 25:398-402.
    • (2000) J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr , vol.25 , pp. 398-402
    • Dorman, K.S.1    Kaplan, A.H.2    Lange, K.3    Sinsheimer, J.S.4
  • 25
    • 0035951458 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment interruption after one year of triple nucleoside analogue therapy for primary HIV infection
    • Girard PM, Schneider V, Dehee A, et al. Treatment interruption after one year of triple nucleoside analogue therapy for primary HIV infection. AIDS 2001; 15:275-277.
    • (2001) AIDS , vol.15 , pp. 275-277
    • Girard, P.M.1    Schneider, V.2    Dehee, A.3
  • 26
    • 10744223424 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emergence of minor populations of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 carrying the M184V and L90M mutations in subjects undergoing structured treatment interruptions
    • Metzner KJ, Bonhoeffer S, Fischer M, et al. Emergence of minor populations of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 carrying the M184V and L90M mutations in subjects undergoing structured treatment interruptions. J Infect Dis 2003; 188:1433-1443.
    • (2003) J Infect Dis , vol.188 , pp. 1433-1443
    • Metzner, K.J.1    Bonhoeffer, S.2    Fischer, M.3
  • 27
    • 0038234808 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiretroviral drug resistance testing in adults infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1: 2003 recommendations of an International AIDS Society - USA Panel
    • Hirsch MS, Brun-Vezinet F, Clotet B, et al. Antiretroviral drug resistance testing in adults infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1: 2003 recommendations of an International AIDS Society - USA Panel. Clin Infect Dis 2003; 37:113-128.
    • (2003) Clin Infect Dis , vol.37 , pp. 113-128
    • Hirsch, M.S.1    Brun-Vezinet, F.2    Clotet, B.3
  • 28
    • 0035912249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV chemotherapy
    • Richman DD. HIV chemotherapy. Nature 2001; 410:995-1001.
    • (2001) Nature , vol.410 , pp. 995-1001
    • Richman, D.D.1
  • 29
    • 17144369901 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phillips AN, Dunn D, Sabin C, et al. Long term probability of detection of HIV-1 drug resistance after starting antiretroviral therapy in routine clinical practice. AIDS 2005; 19:487-494. In patients who started antiretroviral therapy with three or four drugs, the overall cumulative risk of having one or more major International AIDS Society - USA Panel mutation was 27% by 6 years; the risk of mutations from at least two of the three main drug classes was 20% over the same period.
    • Phillips AN, Dunn D, Sabin C, et al. Long term probability of detection of HIV-1 drug resistance after starting antiretroviral therapy in routine clinical practice. AIDS 2005; 19:487-494. In patients who started antiretroviral therapy with three or four drugs, the overall cumulative risk of having one or more major International AIDS Society - USA Panel mutation was 27% by 6 years; the risk of mutations from at least two of the three main drug classes was 20% over the same period.
  • 30
    • 3142660152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The prevalence of antiretroviral drug resistance in the United States
    • Richman DD, Morton SC, Wrin T, et al. The prevalence of antiretroviral drug resistance in the United States. AIDS 2004; 18:1393-1401.
    • (2004) AIDS , vol.18 , pp. 1393-1401
    • Richman, D.D.1    Morton, S.C.2    Wrin, T.3
  • 31
    • 0034867418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Replicative fitness in vivo of HIV-1 variants with multiple drug resistance-associated mutations
    • Devereux HL, Emery VC, Johnson MA, Loveday C. Replicative fitness in vivo of HIV-1 variants with multiple drug resistance-associated mutations. J Med Virol 2001; 65:218-224.
    • (2001) J Med Virol , vol.65 , pp. 218-224
    • Devereux, H.L.1    Emery, V.C.2    Johnson, M.A.3    Loveday, C.4
  • 32
    • 0033762620 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Shift in HIV resistance genotype after treatment interruption and short-term antiviral effect following a new salvage regimen
    • Izopet J, Massip P, Souyris C, et al. Shift in HIV resistance genotype after treatment interruption and short-term antiviral effect following a new salvage regimen. AIDS 2000; 14:2247-2255.
    • (2000) AIDS , vol.14 , pp. 2247-2255
    • Izopet, J.1    Massip, P.2    Souyris, C.3
  • 33
    • 0034523865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Virological and immunological effects of treatment interruptions in HIV-1 infected patients with treatment failure
    • Miller V, Sabin C, Hertogs K, et al. Virological and immunological effects of treatment interruptions in HIV-1 infected patients with treatment failure. AIDS 2000; 14:2857-2867.
    • (2000) AIDS , vol.14 , pp. 2857-2867
    • Miller, V.1    Sabin, C.2    Hertogs, K.3
  • 34
    • 0035834510 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Re-occurrence of HIV-1 drug mutations after treatment re-initiation following interruption in patients with multiple treatment failure
    • Delaugerre C, Valantin MA, Mouroux M, et al. Re-occurrence of HIV-1 drug mutations after treatment re-initiation following interruption in patients with multiple treatment failure. AIDS 2001; 15:2189-2191.
    • (2001) AIDS , vol.15 , pp. 2189-2191
    • Delaugerre, C.1    Valantin, M.A.2    Mouroux, M.3
  • 35
    • 0034987622 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 populations after treatment interruption in patients failing antiretroviral therapy
    • Hance AJ, Lemiale V, Izopet J, et al. Changes in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 populations after treatment interruption in patients failing antiretroviral therapy. J Virol 2001; 75:6410-6417.
    • (2001) J Virol , vol.75 , pp. 6410-6417
    • Hance, A.J.1    Lemiale, V.2    Izopet, J.3
  • 36
    • 0036655272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Origin of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 quasispecies emerging after antiretroviral treatment interruption in patients with therapeutic failure
    • Kijak GH, Simon V, Balfe P, et al. Origin of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 quasispecies emerging after antiretroviral treatment interruption in patients with therapeutic failure. J Virol 2002; 76:7000-7009.
    • (2002) J Virol , vol.76 , pp. 7000-7009
    • Kijak, G.H.1    Simon, V.2    Balfe, P.3
  • 37
    • 34250759741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Darwich L, Martinez-Picado J, Bellido R, et al. Selection of drug-resistance mutations during guided treatment interruption is associated with suboptimal antiretroviral treatments prior to HAART. Antivir Ther 2006; 11:S90. In patients who always received HAART, the selection of mutations is rare and it involves mutations of low genetic barrier. Treatment history and HIV-1-DNA genotyping are useful markers to predict time off therapy in patients with undetectable RNA viraemia.
    • Darwich L, Martinez-Picado J, Bellido R, et al. Selection of drug-resistance mutations during guided treatment interruption is associated with suboptimal antiretroviral treatments prior to HAART. Antivir Ther 2006; 11:S90. In patients who always received HAART, the selection of mutations is rare and it involves mutations of low genetic barrier. Treatment history and HIV-1-DNA genotyping are useful markers to predict time off therapy in patients with undetectable RNA viraemia.
  • 38
    • 27744473506 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution of HIV resistance during treatment interruption in experienced patients and after restarting a new therapy
    • Balduin M, Sierra S, Daumer MP, et al. Evolution of HIV resistance during treatment interruption in experienced patients and after restarting a new therapy. J Clin Virol 2005; 34:277-287.
    • (2005) J Clin Virol , vol.34 , pp. 277-287
    • Balduin, M.1    Sierra, S.2    Daumer, M.P.3
  • 39
    • 0142074332 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of structured treatment interruption before a 5-drug salvage antiretroviral regimen: The Retrogene Study
    • Ruiz L, Ribera E, Bonjoch A, et al. Role of structured treatment interruption before a 5-drug salvage antiretroviral regimen: the Retrogene Study. J Infect Dis 2003; 188:977-985.
    • (2003) J Infect Dis , vol.188 , pp. 977-985
    • Ruiz, L.1    Ribera, E.2    Bonjoch, A.3
  • 40
    • 0035864943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Virologic and immunologic consequences of discontinuing combination antiretroviral-drug therapy in HIV-infected patients with detectable viremia
    • Deeks SG, Wrin T, Liegler T, et al. Virologic and immunologic consequences of discontinuing combination antiretroviral-drug therapy in HIV-infected patients with detectable viremia. N Engl J Med 2001; 344:472-480.
    • (2001) N Engl J Med , vol.344 , pp. 472-480
    • Deeks, S.G.1    Wrin, T.2    Liegler, T.3
  • 41
    • 27944470065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chilton D, Dervisevic S, Pillay D, et al. Determinants of HIV drug resistance mutations in plasma virus after treatment interruption. AIDS 2005; 19:2174-2175. Time off therapy and the total number of previous drugs were both significantly associated with the presence of mutations.
    • Chilton D, Dervisevic S, Pillay D, et al. Determinants of HIV drug resistance mutations in plasma virus after treatment interruption. AIDS 2005; 19:2174-2175. Time off therapy and the total number of previous drugs were both significantly associated with the presence of mutations.
  • 42
    • 0033385403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid decline in detectability of HIV-1 drug resistance mutations after stopping therapy
    • Devereux HL, Youle M, Johnson MA, Loveday C. Rapid decline in detectability of HIV-1 drug resistance mutations after stopping therapy. AIDS 1999; 13:F123-F127.
    • (1999) AIDS , vol.13
    • Devereux, H.L.1    Youle, M.2    Johnson, M.A.3    Loveday, C.4
  • 43
    • 0037200939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Loss of zidovudine related mutations in the reverse transscriptase gene of HIV after switching therapy
    • Falkensammer B, El Attal R, Mullauer B, et al. Loss of zidovudine related mutations in the reverse transscriptase gene of HIV after switching therapy. Eur J Med Res 2002; 7:379-386.
    • (2002) Eur J Med Res , vol.7 , pp. 379-386
    • Falkensammer, B.1    El Attal, R.2    Mullauer, B.3
  • 44
    • 0033389039 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interruption of reverse transcriptase inhibitors or a switch from reverse transcriptase to protease inhibitors resulted in a fast reappearance of virus strains with a reverse transcriptase inhibitor-sensitive genotype
    • Verhofstede C, Wanzeele FV, Van Der Gucht B, et al. Interruption of reverse transcriptase inhibitors or a switch from reverse transcriptase to protease inhibitors resulted in a fast reappearance of virus strains with a reverse transcriptase inhibitor-sensitive genotype. AIDS 1999; 13:2541-2546.
    • (1999) AIDS , vol.13 , pp. 2541-2546
    • Verhofstede, C.1    Wanzeele, F.V.2    Van Der Gucht, B.3
  • 45
    • 0037661201 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kinetics of disappearance of resistance mutations and reappearance of wild-type during structured treatment interruptions
    • Halfon P, Durant J, Clevenbergh P, et al. Kinetics of disappearance of resistance mutations and reappearance of wild-type during structured treatment interruptions. AIDS 2003; 17:1351-1361.
    • (2003) AIDS , vol.17 , pp. 1351-1361
    • Halfon, P.1    Durant, J.2    Clevenbergh, P.3
  • 46
    • 27144521249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghosn J, Wirden M, Ktorza N, et al. No benefit of a structured treatment interruption based on genotypic resistance in heavily pretreated HIV-infected patients. AIDS 2005; 19:1643-1647. In HIV-infected patients with multiple failures and no therapeutic options at baseline, significant reversion of resistance mutations after prolonged treatment interruption failed to restore the antiviral efficacy of a salvage regimen and was clinically deleterious.
    • Ghosn J, Wirden M, Ktorza N, et al. No benefit of a structured treatment interruption based on genotypic resistance in heavily pretreated HIV-infected patients. AIDS 2005; 19:1643-1647. In HIV-infected patients with multiple failures and no therapeutic options at baseline, significant reversion of resistance mutations after prolonged treatment interruption failed to restore the antiviral efficacy of a salvage regimen and was clinically deleterious.
  • 47
    • 0037094101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 populations after resumption of therapy following treatment interruption and shift in resistance genotype
    • Izopet J, Souyris C, Hance A, et al. Evolution of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 populations after resumption of therapy following treatment interruption and shift in resistance genotype. J Infect Dis 2002; 185:1506-1510.
    • (2002) J Infect Dis , vol.185 , pp. 1506-1510
    • Izopet, J.1    Souyris, C.2    Hance, A.3
  • 48
    • 27144501594 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term persistence of HIV with drug resistance after CD4 cell count-guided structured treatment interruption
    • Halfon P, Penaranda G, Khiri H, Xerridat B. Long-term persistence of HIV with drug resistance after CD4 cell count-guided structured treatment interruption. AIDS 2005; 19:1713-1714.
    • (2005) AIDS , vol.19 , pp. 1713-1714
    • Halfon, P.1    Penaranda, G.2    Khiri, H.3    Xerridat, B.4
  • 49
    • 0037436291 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Persistence of drug-resistant HIV-1 after a structured treatment interruption and its impact on treatment response
    • Deeks SG, Grant RM, Wrin T, et al. Persistence of drug-resistant HIV-1 after a structured treatment interruption and its impact on treatment response. AIDS 2003; 17:361-370.
    • (2003) AIDS , vol.17 , pp. 361-370
    • Deeks, S.G.1    Grant, R.M.2    Wrin, T.3
  • 50
    • 0033914367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between preexisting viral reservoirs and the re-emergence of plasma viremia after discontinuation of highly active antiretroviral therapy
    • Chun TW, Davey RT Jr, Ostrowski M, et al. Relationship between preexisting viral reservoirs and the re-emergence of plasma viremia after discontinuation of highly active antiretroviral therapy. Nat Med 2000; 6:757-761.
    • (2000) Nat Med , vol.6 , pp. 757-761
    • Chun, T.W.1    Davey Jr, R.T.2    Ostrowski, M.3
  • 51
    • 0035173896 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 quasi species that rebound after discontinuation of highly active antiretroviral therapy are similar to the viral quasi species present before initiation of therapy
    • Imamichi H, Crandall KA, Natarajan V, et al. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 quasi species that rebound after discontinuation of highly active antiretroviral therapy are similar to the viral quasi species present before initiation of therapy. J Infect Dis 2001; 183:36-50.
    • (2001) J Infect Dis , vol.183 , pp. 36-50
    • Imamichi, H.1    Crandall, K.A.2    Natarajan, V.3
  • 52
    • 3543125970 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A long-term latent reservoir for HIV-1: Discovery and clinical implications
    • Siliciano JD, Siliciano RF. A long-term latent reservoir for HIV-1: discovery and clinical implications. J Antimicrob Chemother 2004; 54:6-9.
    • (2004) J Antimicrob Chemother , vol.54 , pp. 6-9
    • Siliciano, J.D.1    Siliciano, R.F.2
  • 53
    • 0347695016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictors of sustained response to therapy resumption after treatment interruption in HIV-infected patients failing antiretroviral therapy
    • Gianotti N, Soria A, Galli L, et al. Predictors of sustained response to therapy resumption after treatment interruption in HIV-infected patients failing antiretroviral therapy. J Med Virol 2004; 72:181-186.
    • (2004) J Med Virol , vol.72 , pp. 181-186
    • Gianotti, N.1    Soria, A.2    Galli, L.3
  • 54
    • 34250663326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiretroviral therapy interruption guided by CD4+ counts and plasma HIV-1 RNA levels in chronically HIV-1-infected patients
    • in press
    • Ruiz L, Paredes R, Gómez G, et al. Antiretroviral therapy interruption guided by CD4+ counts and plasma HIV-1 RNA levels in chronically HIV-1-infected patients. AIDS 2006; 20 (in press).
    • (2006) AIDS , pp. 20
    • Ruiz, L.1    Paredes, R.2    Gómez, G.3
  • 55
    • 34250736195 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CD4 guided scheduled treatment interruptions compared to continuous therapy: Results of the Staccato trial
    • Denver, CO, USA, 5-8 February, Abstract 102
    • Ananworanich J, Gayet-Ageron A, Le Braz M, et al. CD4 guided scheduled treatment interruptions compared to continuous therapy: results of the Staccato trial. In: 13th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections. Denver, CO, USA, 5-8 February 2006. Abstract 102.
    • (2006) 13th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections
    • Ananworanich, J.1    Gayet-Ageron, A.2    Le Braz, M.3
  • 56
    • 33845959621 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structured treatment interruptions in HIV-infected patients with high CD4 cell counts and virologic suppression: Results of a prospective, randomized, open-label trial (Window-ANRS 106)
    • Denver, CO, USA, 5-8 February, Abstract 104
    • Marchou B, Tangre P, Charreau I, et al. Structured treatment interruptions in HIV-infected patients with high CD4 cell counts and virologic suppression: results of a prospective, randomized, open-label trial (Window-ANRS 106). In: 13th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, Denver, CO, USA, 5-8 February 2006. Abstract 104.
    • (2006) 13th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections
    • Marchou, B.1    Tangre, P.2    Charreau, I.3
  • 57
    • 9144262301 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lack of persistent drug-resistant mutations evaluated within and between treatment interruptions in chronically HIV-1-infected patients
    • Papasavvas E, Grant RM, Sun J, et al. Lack of persistent drug-resistant mutations evaluated within and between treatment interruptions in chronically HIV-1-infected patients. AIDS 2003; 17:2337-2343.
    • (2003) AIDS , vol.17 , pp. 2337-2343
    • Papasavvas, E.1    Grant, R.M.2    Sun, J.3
  • 58
    • 24644473517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk of selecting de novo drug-resistance mutations during structured treatment interruptions in patients with chronic HIV infection
    • This report shows that patients with archived mutations did not have a higher risk of accumulating new mutations than patients who were infected with wild-type virus before the treatment interruption
    • Arnedo-Valero M, Garcia F, Gil C, et al. Risk of selecting de novo drug-resistance mutations during structured treatment interruptions in patients with chronic HIV infection. Clin Infect Dis 2005; 41:883-890. This report shows that patients with archived mutations did not have a higher risk of accumulating new mutations than patients who were infected with wild-type virus before the treatment interruption.
    • (2005) Clin Infect Dis , vol.41 , pp. 883-890
    • Arnedo-Valero, M.1    Garcia, F.2    Gil, C.3
  • 59
    • 0042825484 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of class-specific therapy interruption on persistence of HIV type 1 antiretroviral resistance
    • Campo RE, Rosa I, Lichtenberger PN, et al. Effect of class-specific therapy interruption on persistence of HIV type 1 antiretroviral resistance. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2003; 19:653-656.
    • (2003) AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses , vol.19 , pp. 653-656
    • Campo, R.E.1    Rosa, I.2    Lichtenberger, P.N.3
  • 60
    • 27144549662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interruption of treatment with individual therapeutic drug classes in adults with multidrug-resistant HIV-1 infection
    • A pilot study showing the potential utility of selectively discontinuing protease inhibitors in maintaining the treatment benefits of therapy while reducing drug exposure
    • Deeks SG, Hoh R, Neilands TB, et al. Interruption of treatment with individual therapeutic drug classes in adults with multidrug-resistant HIV-1 infection. J Infect Dis 2005; 192:1537-1544. A pilot study showing the potential utility of selectively discontinuing protease inhibitors in maintaining the treatment benefits of therapy while reducing drug exposure.
    • (2005) J Infect Dis , vol.192 , pp. 1537-1544
    • Deeks, S.G.1    Hoh, R.2    Neilands, T.B.3
  • 62
    • 0037159928 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emergence of drug-resistant HIV-1 variants in patients undergoing structured treatment interruptions
    • Schweighardt B, Ortiz GM, Grant RM, et al. Emergence of drug-resistant HIV-1 variants in patients undergoing structured treatment interruptions. AIDS 2002; 16:2342-2344.
    • (2002) AIDS , vol.16 , pp. 2342-2344
    • Schweighardt, B.1    Ortiz, G.M.2    Grant, R.M.3
  • 63
    • 0037066371 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selection of drug-resistant HIV-1 mutants in response to repeated structured treatment interruptions
    • Martinez-Picado J, Morales-Lopetegi K, Wrin T, et al. Selection of drug-resistant HIV-1 mutants in response to repeated structured treatment interruptions. AIDS 2002; 16:895-899.
    • (2002) AIDS , vol.16 , pp. 895-899
    • Martinez-Picado, J.1    Morales-Lopetegi, K.2    Wrin, T.3
  • 64
    • 0010479237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV evolution during repeated supervised treatment interruptions following early antiretroviral treatment of acute infection
    • Scottsdale, AZ, USA, 4-8 June, Abstract 19
    • Tremblay C, Hicks J, Sutton L, et al. HIV evolution during repeated supervised treatment interruptions following early antiretroviral treatment of acute infection. In: 5th International Workshop on HIV Drug Resistance and Treatment Strategies, Scottsdale, AZ, USA, 4-8 June 2001. Abstract 19.
    • (2001) 5th International Workshop on HIV Drug Resistance and Treatment Strategies
    • Tremblay, C.1    Hicks, J.2    Sutton, L.3
  • 65
    • 34250728480 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Supervised treatment interruption (STI) following d4T/ddI/nevirapine initiated within 6 months of HIV seroconversion
    • Buenos Aires, Argentina, 8-11 July, Abstract 442
    • Zala C, Salomon H, Ochoa C, et al. Supervised treatment interruption (STI) following d4T/ddI/nevirapine initiated within 6 months of HIV seroconversion. In: 1st International AIDS Society Conference on HIV Pathogenesis and Treatment. Buenos Aires, Argentina, 8-11 July 2001. Abstract 442.
    • (2001) 1st International AIDS Society Conference on HIV Pathogenesis and Treatment
    • Zala, C.1    Salomon, H.2    Ochoa, C.3
  • 66
    • 0242268457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug resistance mutations during structured treatment interruptions
    • Yerly S, Fagard C, Gunthard HF, et al. Drug resistance mutations during structured treatment interruptions. Antivir Ther 2003; 8:411-415.
    • (2003) Antivir Ther , vol.8 , pp. 411-415
    • Yerly, S.1    Fagard, C.2    Gunthard, H.F.3
  • 67
    • 34250760786 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hare CB, Mellors J, Krambrink A, et al. Selection of nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) resistant HIV-1 after discontinuation of a virologically suppressive regimen. Antivir Ther 2006; 11:S42. Individuals who discontinue NNRTI-containing regimens while virologically suppressed are at a substantial risk (20%) of demonstrating NNRTI resistance at virological rebound that may persist in the plasma for months.
    • Hare CB, Mellors J, Krambrink A, et al. Selection of nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) resistant HIV-1 after discontinuation of a virologically suppressive regimen. Antivir Ther 2006; 11:S42. Individuals who discontinue NNRTI-containing regimens while virologically suppressed are at a substantial risk (20%) of demonstrating NNRTI resistance at virological rebound that may persist in the plasma for months.
  • 68
    • 0036888919 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Viral evolution during structured treatment interruptions in chronically human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals
    • Martinez-Picado J, Frost SD, Izquierdo N, et al. Viral evolution during structured treatment interruptions in chronically human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals. J Virol 2002; 76:12344-12348.
    • (2002) J Virol , vol.76 , pp. 12344-12348
    • Martinez-Picado, J.1    Frost, S.D.2    Izquierdo, N.3
  • 69
    • 0036975006 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Divergent distribution of HIV-1 drug-resistant variants on and off antiretroviral therapy
    • Venturi G, Romano L, Carli T, et al. Divergent distribution of HIV-1 drug-resistant variants on and off antiretroviral therapy. Antivir Ther 2002; 7:245-250.
    • (2002) Antivir Ther , vol.7 , pp. 245-250
    • Venturi, G.1    Romano, L.2    Carli, T.3
  • 70
    • 0035816358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cerebrospinal fluid response to structured treatment interruption after virological failure
    • Price RW, Paxinos EE, Grant RM, et al. Cerebrospinal fluid response to structured treatment interruption after virological failure. AIDS 2001; 15:1251-1259.
    • (2001) AIDS , vol.15 , pp. 1251-1259
    • Price, R.W.1    Paxinos, E.E.2    Grant, R.M.3
  • 71
    • 0036883561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of HIV-1 variation in blood and semen during treatment and treatment interruption
    • Choudhury B, Pillay D, Taylor S, Cane PA. Analysis of HIV-1 variation in blood and semen during treatment and treatment interruption. J Med Virol 2002; 68:467-472.
    • (2002) J Med Virol , vol.68 , pp. 467-472
    • Choudhury, B.1    Pillay, D.2    Taylor, S.3    Cane, P.A.4
  • 72
    • 33745070786 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Episodic CD4-guided use of antiretroviral therapy is inferior to continuous therapy: Results of the SMART study
    • for the SMART Study Investigators, Denver, CO, USA, 5-8 February, Abstract 106LB
    • El-Sadr W, Neaton J, for the SMART Study Investigators. Episodic CD4-guided use of antiretroviral therapy is inferior to continuous therapy: results of the SMART study. In: 13th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections. Denver, CO, USA, 5-8 February 2006. Abstract 106LB.
    • (2006) 13th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections
    • El-Sadr, W.1    Neaton, J.2
  • 73
    • 0034734783 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fitness of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor-selected single mutants
    • Martinez-Picado J, Savara AV, Shi L, et al. Fitness of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor-selected single mutants. Virology 2000; 275:318-322.
    • (2000) Virology , vol.275 , pp. 318-322
    • Martinez-Picado, J.1    Savara, A.V.2    Shi, L.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.