메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 340, Issue 3-4, 2007, Pages 167-182

Hydrological modelling of the Chaohe Basin in China: Statistical model formulation and Bayesian inference

Author keywords

Aggregate parameters; Bayesian inference; Continuous time autoregressive error model; MCMC; SWAT; Uncertainty analysis; UNCSIM; Watershed model calibration

Indexed keywords

CATCHMENTS; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; MEASUREMENT ERRORS; PRECIPITATION (METEOROLOGY); STATISTICAL METHODS; UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS;

EID: 34250670714     PISSN: 00221694     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2007.04.006     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (198)

References (68)
  • 1
    • 0030850092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A sequential uncertainty domain inverse procedure for estimating subsurface flow and transport parameters
    • Abbaspour K.C., van Genuchten M.T., Schulin R., and Schläppi E. A sequential uncertainty domain inverse procedure for estimating subsurface flow and transport parameters. Water Resources Research 33 8 (1997) 1879-1892
    • (1997) Water Resources Research , vol.33 , Issue.8 , pp. 1879-1892
    • Abbaspour, K.C.1    van Genuchten, M.T.2    Schulin, R.3    Schläppi, E.4
  • 2
    • 33644630066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimation of uncertain flow and transport parameters by a sequential uncertainty fitting procedure: SUFI-2
    • Abbaspour K.C., Johnson A., and van Genuchten M.T. Estimation of uncertain flow and transport parameters by a sequential uncertainty fitting procedure: SUFI-2. Vadose Zone Journal 3 4 (2004) 1340-1352
    • (2004) Vadose Zone Journal , vol.3 , Issue.4 , pp. 1340-1352
    • Abbaspour, K.C.1    Johnson, A.2    van Genuchten, M.T.3
  • 5
  • 7
    • 0034989285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Markov Chain Monte Carlo scheme for parameter estimation and inference in conceptual rainfall-runoff modeling
    • Bates B.V., and Campbell E.P. A Markov Chain Monte Carlo scheme for parameter estimation and inference in conceptual rainfall-runoff modeling. Water Resources Research 37 4 (2001) 937-947
    • (2001) Water Resources Research , vol.37 , Issue.4 , pp. 937-947
    • Bates, B.V.1    Campbell, E.P.2
  • 9
    • 0034896615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How far can we go in distributed hydrological modelling?
    • Beven K. How far can we go in distributed hydrological modelling?. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 5 1 (2001) 1-12
    • (2001) Hydrology and Earth System Sciences , vol.5 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-12
    • Beven, K.1
  • 10
    • 0027009437 scopus 로고
    • The future of distributed models - model calibration and uncertainty prediction
    • Beven K., and Binley A. The future of distributed models - model calibration and uncertainty prediction. Hydrological Processes 6 3 (1992) 279-298
    • (1992) Hydrological Processes , vol.6 , Issue.3 , pp. 279-298
    • Beven, K.1    Binley, A.2
  • 11
    • 0035426008 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Equifinality, data assimilation, and uncertainty estimation in mechanistic modelling of complex environmental systems using the GLUE methodology
    • Beven K., and Freer J. Equifinality, data assimilation, and uncertainty estimation in mechanistic modelling of complex environmental systems using the GLUE methodology. Journal of Hydrology 249 1-4 (2001) 11-29
    • (2001) Journal of Hydrology , vol.249 , Issue.1-4 , pp. 11-29
    • Beven, K.1    Freer, J.2
  • 12
    • 34250679167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bicknell, B.R., Imhoff, J., Kittle, J., Jobes, T., Donigian, A.S., 2000. Hydrological Simulation Program - Fortran User's Manual, Release 12, U.S. EPA.
  • 15
    • 0013333372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Continuous-time ARMA processes
    • Stochastic Processes: Theory and Methods. Shanbhag D.N., and Rao C.R. (Eds), Elsevier, Amsterdam
    • Brockwell P.J. Continuous-time ARMA processes. In: Shanbhag D.N., and Rao C.R. (Eds). Stochastic Processes: Theory and Methods. Handbook of Statistics vol. 19 (2001), Elsevier, Amsterdam 249-276
    • (2001) Handbook of Statistics , vol.19 , pp. 249-276
    • Brockwell, P.J.1
  • 18
    • 2542521544 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Water balance of the SWAT model and its application in the Suomo Basin
    • (in Chinese)
    • Chen J., and Chen X. Water balance of the SWAT model and its application in the Suomo Basin. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium-Universitatis Pekinensis 40 2 (2004) (in Chinese)
    • (2004) Acta Scientiarum Naturalium-Universitatis Pekinensis , vol.40 , Issue.2
    • Chen, J.1    Chen, X.2
  • 20
    • 0030539336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Markov chain Monte Carlo convergence diagnostics: a comparative review
    • Cowles M.K., and Carlin B.P. Markov chain Monte Carlo convergence diagnostics: a comparative review. Journal of the American Statistical Association 91 434 (1996) 883-904
    • (1996) Journal of the American Statistical Association , vol.91 , Issue.434 , pp. 883-904
    • Cowles, M.K.1    Carlin, B.P.2
  • 21
    • 34250666867 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crawford, N.H., Linsley, R.S., 1966. Digital simulation in hydrology: The Stanford Watershed Model IV. Technical Report No. 39, Department of Civil Engineering, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California.
  • 22
    • 84945642413 scopus 로고
    • On the subject of a flood propagation method (Muskingum method)
    • Cunge J.A. On the subject of a flood propagation method (Muskingum method). Journal of Hydraulics Research 7 2 (1969) 205-230
    • (1969) Journal of Hydraulics Research , vol.7 , Issue.2 , pp. 205-230
    • Cunge, J.A.1
  • 23
    • 34250675904 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Di Luzio, M., Srinisvasan, R., Arnold, J.G., Neitsch, S.L., 2002. ArcView Interface for SWAT2000, Blackland Research & Extension Center, Texas Agricultural Experiment Station and Grassland, Soil and Water Research Laboratory, USDA Agricultural Research Service.
  • 24
    • 0024192140 scopus 로고
    • A maximum likelihood criterion for use with data collected at unequal time intervals
    • Duan Q.Y., Sorooshian S., and Ibbitt R.P. A maximum likelihood criterion for use with data collected at unequal time intervals. Water Resources Research 24 7 (1988) 1163-1173
    • (1988) Water Resources Research , vol.24 , Issue.7 , pp. 1163-1173
    • Duan, Q.Y.1    Sorooshian, S.2    Ibbitt, R.P.3
  • 25
    • 0026445234 scopus 로고
    • Effective and efficient global optimization for conceptual rainfall-runoff models
    • Duan Q.Y., Sorooshian S., and Gupta V.K. Effective and efficient global optimization for conceptual rainfall-runoff models. Water Resources Research 28 4 (1992) 1015-1031
    • (1992) Water Resources Research , vol.28 , Issue.4 , pp. 1015-1031
    • Duan, Q.Y.1    Sorooshian, S.2    Gupta, V.K.3
  • 26
  • 27
    • 0028449781 scopus 로고
    • Optimal use of the SCE-UA global optimization method for calibrating watershed models
    • Duan Q.Y., Sorooshian S., and Gupta V.K. Optimal use of the SCE-UA global optimization method for calibrating watershed models. Journal of Hydrology 158 3-4 (1994) 265-284
    • (1994) Journal of Hydrology , vol.158 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 265-284
    • Duan, Q.Y.1    Sorooshian, S.2    Gupta, V.K.3
  • 28
    • 4143137672 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Duan Q., Gupta H.V., Sorooshian S., Rousseau A.N., and Turcotte R. (Eds), American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, USA
    • In: Duan Q., Gupta H.V., Sorooshian S., Rousseau A.N., and Turcotte R. (Eds). Calibration of Watershed Models (2003), American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, USA
    • (2003) Calibration of Watershed Models
  • 31
    • 34250675086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improvement and Application of GIS-based distributed SWAT hydrological modeling on high altitude, cold, semi-arid catchment of Heihe River Basin, China
    • (in Chinese)
    • Huang Q., and Zhang W. Improvement and Application of GIS-based distributed SWAT hydrological modeling on high altitude, cold, semi-arid catchment of Heihe River Basin, China. Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Sciences Edition) 28 2 (2004) 22-26 (in Chinese)
    • (2004) Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Sciences Edition) , vol.28 , Issue.2 , pp. 22-26
    • Huang, Q.1    Zhang, W.2
  • 32
    • 34250647265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrologic simulation in NPS models: Case of application of SWAT in Luxi Watershed
    • (in Chinese)
    • Hu Y., Cheng S., and Jia H. Hydrologic simulation in NPS models: Case of application of SWAT in Luxi Watershed. Research of Environmental Sciences 16 5 (2003) 29-32 (in Chinese)
    • (2003) Research of Environmental Sciences , vol.16 , Issue.5 , pp. 29-32
    • Hu, Y.1    Cheng, S.2    Jia, H.3
  • 33
    • 0036946175 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial and dynamic simulation for Miyun reservoir waters in Beijing
    • Jia H., and Cheng S. Spatial and dynamic simulation for Miyun reservoir waters in Beijing. Water Science and Technology 46 11-12 (2002) 473-479
    • (2002) Water Science and Technology , vol.46 , Issue.11-12 , pp. 473-479
    • Jia, H.1    Cheng, S.2
  • 34
    • 14944381637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Confronting input uncertainty in environmental modelling
    • Duan Q., Gupta H.V., Sorooshian S., Rousseau A.N., and Turcotte R. (Eds), American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, USA
    • Kavetski D., Franks S.W., and Kuczera G. Confronting input uncertainty in environmental modelling. In: Duan Q., Gupta H.V., Sorooshian S., Rousseau A.N., and Turcotte R. (Eds). Calibration of Watershed Models (2003), American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, USA 49-68
    • (2003) Calibration of Watershed Models , pp. 49-68
    • Kavetski, D.1    Franks, S.W.2    Kuczera, G.3
  • 36
    • 0020969493 scopus 로고
    • Improved parameter inference in catchment models - 1. Evaluating parameter uncertainty
    • Kuczera G. Improved parameter inference in catchment models - 1. Evaluating parameter uncertainty. Water Resources Research 19 5 (1983) 1151-1162
    • (1983) Water Resources Research , vol.19 , Issue.5 , pp. 1151-1162
    • Kuczera, G.1
  • 37
    • 0032214428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monte carlo assessment of parameter uncertainty in conceptual catchment models: the metropolis algorithm
    • Kuczera G., and Parent E. Monte carlo assessment of parameter uncertainty in conceptual catchment models: the metropolis algorithm. Journal of Hydrology 211 1-4 (1998) 69-85
    • (1998) Journal of Hydrology , vol.211 , Issue.1-4 , pp. 69-85
    • Kuczera, G.1    Parent, E.2
  • 38
    • 0032879523 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calibration of a conceptual rainfall-runoff model for flood frequency estimation by continuous simulation
    • Lamb R. Calibration of a conceptual rainfall-runoff model for flood frequency estimation by continuous simulation. Water Resources Research 35 10 (1999) 3103-3114
    • (1999) Water Resources Research , vol.35 , Issue.10 , pp. 3103-3114
    • Lamb, R.1
  • 39
    • 4043082114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application of GIS-based distributed hydrological model to flood forecasting
    • (in Chinese)
    • Liu Z.Y. Application of GIS-based distributed hydrological model to flood forecasting. Shuili Xuebao 5 (2004) 70-75 (in Chinese)
    • (2004) Shuili Xuebao , vol.5 , pp. 70-75
    • Liu, Z.Y.1
  • 40
    • 0013833806 scopus 로고
    • Evaporation and the environment
    • The State and Movement of Water I Living Organisms, Cambridge University Press, Swansea
    • Monteith J.L. Evaporation and the environment. The State and Movement of Water I Living Organisms. XIXth Symposium Society for Experimental Biology (1965), Cambridge University Press, Swansea 205-234
    • (1965) XIXth Symposium Society for Experimental Biology , pp. 205-234
    • Monteith, J.L.1
  • 41
    • 0014776873 scopus 로고
    • River flow forecasting through conceptual models Part I - A discussion of principles
    • Nash J.E., and Sutcliffe J.V. River flow forecasting through conceptual models Part I - A discussion of principles. Journal of Hydrology 10 3 (1970) 282-290
    • (1970) Journal of Hydrology , vol.10 , Issue.3 , pp. 282-290
    • Nash, J.E.1    Sutcliffe, J.V.2
  • 42
    • 34250645166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neitsch, S.L., Arnold, J.G, Kiniry, J.R., Williams, J.R., 2001. Soil and Water Assessment Tool User's Manual, version 2000. Grassland, Soil and Water Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, Blackland Research Center, Texas Agricultural Experiment Station.
  • 43
    • 0002173848 scopus 로고
    • On the assessment of surface heat flux and evaporation using large-scale parameters
    • Priestley C.H.B., and Taylor R.J. On the assessment of surface heat flux and evaporation using large-scale parameters. Monthly Weather Review 100 (1972) 81-92
    • (1972) Monthly Weather Review , vol.100 , pp. 81-92
    • Priestley, C.H.B.1    Taylor, R.J.2
  • 44
    • 34247492951 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reichert, P., 2005. UNCSIM - A computer programme for statistical inference and sensitivity, identifiability, and uncertainty analysis, In: Teixeira, J.M.F., Carvalho-Brito, A.E. (Eds.), Proceedings of the 2005 European Simulation and Modelling Conference (ESM 2005), October 24-26, Porto, Portugal, EUROSIS-ETI, pp. 51-55.
  • 45
    • 33644630581 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A standard interface between simulation programs and systems analysis software
    • Reichert P. A standard interface between simulation programs and systems analysis software. Water Science and Technology 53 1 (2006) 267-275
    • (2006) Water Science and Technology , vol.53 , Issue.1 , pp. 267-275
    • Reichert, P.1
  • 46
    • 0036850517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An efficient sampling technique for Bayesian inference with computationally demanding models
    • Reichert P., Schervish M., and Small M.J. An efficient sampling technique for Bayesian inference with computationally demanding models. Technometrics 44 4 (2002) 318-327
    • (2002) Technometrics , vol.44 , Issue.4 , pp. 318-327
    • Reichert, P.1    Schervish, M.2    Small, M.J.3
  • 47
    • 0029660470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modeling water retention curves of sanely soils using neural networks
    • Schaap M.G., and Bouten W. Modeling water retention curves of sanely soils using neural networks. Water Resources Research 32 10 (1996) 3033-3040
    • (1996) Water Resources Research , vol.32 , Issue.10 , pp. 3033-3040
    • Schaap, M.G.1    Bouten, W.2
  • 48
    • 0035479964 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ROSETTA: a computer program for estimating soil hydraulic parameters with hierarchical pedotransfer functions
    • Schaap M.G., Leij F.J., and van Genuchten M.T. ROSETTA: a computer program for estimating soil hydraulic parameters with hierarchical pedotransfer functions. Journal of Hydrology 251 3-4 (2001) 163-176
    • (2001) Journal of Hydrology , vol.251 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 163-176
    • Schaap, M.G.1    Leij, F.J.2    van Genuchten, M.T.3
  • 49
    • 20444478558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Soil database of 1:1,000,000 digital soil survey and reference system of the chinese genetic soil classification system
    • Shi X.Z., Yu D.S., Warner E.D., Pan X.Z., Petersen G.W., Gong Z.G., and Weindorf D.C. Soil database of 1:1,000,000 digital soil survey and reference system of the chinese genetic soil classification system. Soil Survey Horizons 45 (2004) 129-136
    • (2004) Soil Survey Horizons , vol.45 , pp. 129-136
    • Shi, X.Z.1    Yu, D.S.2    Warner, E.D.3    Pan, X.Z.4    Petersen, G.W.5    Gong, Z.G.6    Weindorf, D.C.7
  • 51
    • 34250689723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tomassini, L., Reichert, P., Künsch, H.-R., Buser, C., Borsuk, M.E., submitted for publication. A smoothing algorithm for estimating stochastic, continuous-time model parameters and an application to a simple climate model.
  • 52
    • 0036852121 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Validity of first-order approximations to describe parameter uncertainty in soil hydrologic models
    • Vrugt J.A., and Bouten W. Validity of first-order approximations to describe parameter uncertainty in soil hydrologic models. Soil Science Society of America Journal 66 6 (2002) 1740-1751
    • (2002) Soil Science Society of America Journal , vol.66 , Issue.6 , pp. 1740-1751
    • Vrugt, J.A.1    Bouten, W.2
  • 53
    • 1542757127 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A shuffled complex evolution metropolis algorithm for optimization and uncertainty assessment of hydrologic model parameters
    • Art. No. 1201
    • Vrugt J.A., Gupta H.V., Bouten W., and Sorooshian S. A shuffled complex evolution metropolis algorithm for optimization and uncertainty assessment of hydrologic model parameters. Water Resources Research 39 8 (2003) Art. No. 1201
    • (2003) Water Resources Research , vol.39 , Issue.8
    • Vrugt, J.A.1    Gupta, H.V.2    Bouten, W.3    Sorooshian, S.4
  • 54
    • 14944365603 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vrugt, J.A., Diks, C.G.H., Gupta, H.V., Bouten, W., Verstraten, J.M., 2005. Improved treatment of uncertainty in hydrologic modelling: combining the strengths of global optimization and data assimilation. Water Resources Research 41, Art. No. W01017.
  • 55
    • 0034754781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Study of the distribution of non-point source pollution in the watershed of the Miyun Reservoir, Beijing, China
    • Wang X., Li T., Xu Q., and He W. Study of the distribution of non-point source pollution in the watershed of the Miyun Reservoir, Beijing, China. Water Science and Technology 44 7 (2001) 35-40
    • (2001) Water Science and Technology , vol.44 , Issue.7 , pp. 35-40
    • Wang, X.1    Li, T.2    Xu, Q.3    He, W.4
  • 56
    • 27144477220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A research on distributed time variant gain model: a case study on Chaohe river basin
    • (in Chinese)
    • Wang G.S., Xia J., Tan G., and Lv A.F. A research on distributed time variant gain model: a case study on Chaohe river basin. Progress in Geography 21 6 (2002) 573-582 (in Chinese)
    • (2002) Progress in Geography , vol.21 , Issue.6 , pp. 573-582
    • Wang, G.S.1    Xia, J.2    Tan, G.3    Lv, A.F.4
  • 57
    • 33644834669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The theory of SWAT model and its application in Heihe basin
    • (in Chinese)
    • Wang Z.G., Liu C.M., and Huang Y.B. The theory of SWAT model and its application in Heihe basin. Progress in Geography 22 1 (2003) 79-86 (in Chinese)
    • (2003) Progress in Geography , vol.22 , Issue.1 , pp. 79-86
    • Wang, Z.G.1    Liu, C.M.2    Huang, Y.B.3
  • 58
    • 0002180578 scopus 로고
    • Flood routing with variable travel time or variable storage coefficients
    • Williams J.R. Flood routing with variable travel time or variable storage coefficients. Transactions of the ASAE 12 1 (1969) 100-103
    • (1969) Transactions of the ASAE , vol.12 , Issue.1 , pp. 100-103
    • Williams, J.R.1
  • 59
    • 0002902437 scopus 로고
    • The EPIC model
    • Singh V.P. (Ed), Water Resources Publication, US
    • Williams J.R. The EPIC model. In: Singh V.P. (Ed). Computer Models of Watershed Hydrology (1995), Water Resources Publication, US 909-1000
    • (1995) Computer Models of Watershed Hydrology , pp. 909-1000
    • Williams, J.R.1
  • 60
    • 34250661280 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Yang, J., Abbaspour, K.C., Reichert, P. 2005. Interfacing SWAT with systems analysis tools: A generic platform. In: Srinivasan, R., Jacobs, J., Day, D., Abbaspour, K. (Eds.), Proceedings of the Third International SWAT Conference, July 11-15, Zurich, Switzerland, 2005. pp. 169-178.
  • 61
    • 0030162090 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Automatic calibration of conceptual rainfall-runoff models: sensitivity to calibration data
    • Yapo P.O., Gupta H.V., and Sorooshian S. Automatic calibration of conceptual rainfall-runoff models: sensitivity to calibration data. Journal of Hydrology 181 1-4 (1996) 23-48
    • (1996) Journal of Hydrology , vol.181 , Issue.1-4 , pp. 23-48
    • Yapo, P.O.1    Gupta, H.V.2    Sorooshian, S.3
  • 64
    • 34248520410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Runoff and sediment yield modeling in meso-scale watershed based on SWAT model
    • (in Chinese)
    • Zhang X.S., Hao F.H., Yang Z.F., Cheng H.G., and Li D.H. Runoff and sediment yield modeling in meso-scale watershed based on SWAT model. Research of Soil and Water Conservation 10 4 (2003) 38-42 (in Chinese)
    • (2003) Research of Soil and Water Conservation , vol.10 , Issue.4 , pp. 38-42
    • Zhang, X.S.1    Hao, F.H.2    Yang, Z.F.3    Cheng, H.G.4    Li, D.H.5
  • 65
    • 1642422925 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application of SWAT model in the upstream watershed of the Luohe River
    • Zhang X.S., Hao F.H., Cheng H.G., and Li D.F. Application of SWAT model in the upstream watershed of the Luohe River. Chinese Geographical Science 13 4 (2003) 334-339
    • (2003) Chinese Geographical Science , vol.13 , Issue.4 , pp. 334-339
    • Zhang, X.S.1    Hao, F.H.2    Cheng, H.G.3    Li, D.F.4
  • 66
    • 34250677130 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Study and application of SWAT model in the Yuzhou Reservoir Basin
    • (in Chinese)
    • Zhang L.N., Li X.B., Wang Z.H., and Li X. Study and application of SWAT model in the Yuzhou Reservoir Basin. Hydrology 22 3 (2004) 4-8 (in Chinese)
    • (2004) Hydrology , vol.22 , Issue.3 , pp. 4-8
    • Zhang, L.N.1    Li, X.B.2    Wang, Z.H.3    Li, X.4
  • 67
    • 0026895285 scopus 로고
    • The Xinanjiang model applied in China
    • Zhao R.J. The Xinanjiang model applied in China. Journal of Hydrology 35 1-4 (1992) 371-381
    • (1992) Journal of Hydrology , vol.35 , Issue.1-4 , pp. 371-381
    • Zhao, R.J.1
  • 68
    • 0000626643 scopus 로고
    • The Xinanjiang model
    • Singh V.P. (Ed), Water Resources Publication, US
    • Zhao R.J., and Liu X.R. The Xinanjiang model. In: Singh V.P. (Ed). Computer Models of Watershed Hydrology (1995), Water Resources Publication, US 215-232
    • (1995) Computer Models of Watershed Hydrology , pp. 215-232
    • Zhao, R.J.1    Liu, X.R.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.