The influence of logging and topography on the distribution of spruce-fir forests near their Southern limits in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA

Plant Ecology

Volumn 189, Issue 1, 2007, Pages 59-70

  Hayes, Matthew ^a   Moody, Aaron ^a   White, Peter S ^b   Costanza, Jennifer L ^b  

^a University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA   (United States)

Author keywords

Abies fraseri; Disturbance; Ecotone; Picea rubens; Southern appalachians

Indexed keywords

CONIFEROUS FOREST; ECOTONE; ENVIRONMENTAL DISTURBANCE; GIS; LOGGING (TIMBER); NATIONAL PARK; POPULATION DISTRIBUTION; TOPOGRAPHY;

GREAT SMOKY MOUNTAINS NATIONAL PARK; NORTH AMERICA; UNITED STATES;

ABIES; ABIES FRASERI; PICEA; PICEA RUBENS;

EID: 34250663111     PISSN: 13850237     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11258-006-9166-8     Document Type: Article

References (26)

1. Bertness MD, Callaway R (1994) Positive interactions in communities. Trends Ecol Evol 9:191-193
2. Busing RT, Pauley EF (1994) Mortality trends in a southern Appalachian red spruce population. Forest Ecol Manage 64: 41-45
3. Cogbill CV, White PS (1991) The latitude-elevation relationship for spruce-fir forest and treeline along the Appalachian mountain chain. Vegetatio 94:153-175
4. De'Ath G (2002) Multivariate regression trees: a new technique for modeling species-environment relationships. Ecology 83:1105-1117
5. Delcourt HR, Delcourt PA (1984) Late-quaternary history of the spruce-fir ecosystem in the southern Appalachian mountain region. In: White PS (ed) The Southern Appalachian Spruce-Fir Ecosystem: Its Biology and Its Threats. U.S. Department of Interior, National Park Service, Research/Resource Management, Rep. SER-71, pp22-35
6. Dickson RR (1959) Some climate-altitude relationships in the Southern Appalachian Mountain region. Am Meteorol Soc Bull 40:352-359
7. Dull CW, Ward JD, Brown HD, Ryan GW, Clerke WH, Uhler RJ (1988) Evaluation of spruce and fir mortality in the Southern Appalachian mountains. Rep. R8-PR 13. Atlanta: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Region, State and Private Forestry, Forest Pest Management. p 92
8. Hacker SD, Gaines SD (1997) Some implications of direct positive interactions for community species diversity. Ecology 78:1990-2003
9. Korstian CF (1937) Perpetuation of spruce on cut-over and burned lands in the higher southern Appalachian mountains. Ecol Monogr 7:125-167
10. Kumar L, Skidmore AK, Knowles E (1997) Modelling topographic variation in solar radiation in a GIS environment. Int J Geogr Inform Sci 11:475-497
11. Noss RF, LaRoe ET, Scott JM (1995) Endangered ecosystems of the United States: A preliminary assessment of loss and degradation. U.S. Dept. of the Interior, National Biological Service, Washington, D.C
12. Petraitis PS, Latham RE (1999) The importance of scale in testing the origins of alternative community states. Ecology 80: 429-442
13. Pyle C (1984) Pre-park disturbance in the spruce-fir forests of Great Smoky Mountains National Park. In: White PS (ed) The Southern Appalachian Spruce-Fir Ecosystem: Its Biology and Its Threats. U.S. Department of Interior, National Park Service, Research/Resource Management, Rep. SER-71, pp115-130
14. Pyle C, Schafale MP (1988) Land use history of three spruce-fir forest sites in southern Appalachia. J Forest History,32:4-21
15. SAMAB (Southern Appalachian Man and Biosphere) 1996 - http://www.samab.org/data/data.html. "Southern Appalachian Assessment Land Cover Mapping Project Final Report." Distribution information, Metadata information: Karl A. Hermann, National Biological Service Cooperative, University of Tennessee, 17 Ridgeway Road, Norris, TN 37828
16. Schofield WB (1960) The ecotone between spruce-fir and deciduous forest in the Great Smoky Mountains. Ph.D. Dissertation, Duke University, Durham, NC
17. Shanks RE (1954) Climates of the Great Smoky Mountains. Ecology 35:354-361
18. Siccama TG (1974) Vegetation, soil, and climate on the Green Mountains of Vermont. Ecol Monogr 44: 325-349
19. Smith GF, Nicholas NS (1998) Patterns of overstory composition in the fir and fir-spruce forests of the Great Smoky Mountains after balsam woolly adelgid infestation. Am Midland Nat 139:340-352
20. Sullivan J (1993) Abies fraseri, Picea rubens. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (2002, April). Fire Effects Information System, [Online: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/plants/tree/picrub/introductory.html, http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/plants/tree/abifra/introductory.html]
21. Tewksbury JJ, Lloyd JD (2001) Positive interactions under nurse-plants: Spatial scale, stress gradients, and benefactor size. Oecologia 127: 425-434
22. White PS, Buckner ER, Pittillo JD, Cogbill CV (1993) High-elevation forests: spruce-fir forests, northern hardwood forests, and associated communities. In Biodiversity of the Southeastern United States: Upland Terrestrial Communities, pp 305-338
23. White PS, MacKenzie MD, Busing RT (1985) Natural disturbance and gap phase dynamics in southern Appalachian spruce-fir forests. Can J Forest Res 15:233-240
24. White PS, Miller RI (1988) Topographic models of vascular plant richness in the Southern Appalachian high peaks. J Ecol 76: 192-199
25. White PS, Wilds SP, Stratton DA (2001) The distribution of heath balds in the Great Smoky Mountains, North Carolina and Tennessee. J Veg Sci 12: 453-466
26. Whittaker RH (1956) Vegetation of the Great Smoky Mountains. Ecological Monographs 26: 1-80