Long term serial repitching and the genetic and phenotypic stability of brewer's yeast

Journal of the Institute of Brewing

Volumn 113, Issue 1, 2007, Pages 67-74

  Powell, Chris D ^a   Diacetis, Andrew N ^b  

^a LALLEMAND SAS   (France)

^b BridgePort Brewing Co   (United States)

Author keywords

Cropping; Flocculation; Genetic drift; RAPD; RFLP; Saccharomyces

Indexed keywords

SACCHAROMYCES; SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE;

EID: 34250651555     PISSN: 00469750     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/j.2050-0416.2007.tb00258.x     Document Type: Article

References (53)

1. Adams, J., Faquin, C., Oeller, P. W. and Lee, L. W., Physiological characterization of adaptive clones in evolving populations of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genetics, 1985, 110, 173-185.
2. Adams, J., Puskas-Rozsa, S., Simlar, J. and Wilke, C. M., Adaptation and major chromosomal changes in populations of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Curr. Genet., 1992, 22, 13-19.
3. Avery, S. V., Microbial cell individuality and the underlying sources of heterogeneity. Nat. Rev. Microbiol., 2006, 4, 577-587.
4. Bendiak, D. S., Quantification of the Helm's flocculation test. J. Am. Soc. Brew. Chem., 1994, 52, 120-122.
5. Boulton, C., Applications of yeast physiology for improvements in the brewing process. J. Chem. Tech. Biochem., 1991, 50, 135-137.
6. Boulton, C. A., Developments in brewery fermentation. Biotech. Genet. Eng. Rev., 1991, 19, 127-181.
7. Boulton, C. A., Yeast management and the control of brewery fermentations. Brew. Guardian, 1991, April, 25-29.
8. Boulton, C., Yeast propagation. In: Brewing Yeast Fermentation Performance, 3rd ed., K. A. Smart, Ed., Blackwell Scientific publishers: Oxford, In press.
9. Boulton, C. and Quain, D., Brewing Yeast and Fermentation. Blackwell Science: Oxford, U.K., 2001.
10. Cameron, J. R., Loh, E. Y. and Davis, R. W., Evidence for transposition of dispersed repetitive DNA families in yeast. Cell, 1979, 16, 739-751.
11. Casey, G. P., Pringle, A. T. and Erdmann, P. A., Evaluation of recent techniques used to identify individual strains of Saccharomyces yeasts. J. Am. Soc. Brew. Chem., 1990, 48, 100-106.
12. Casey, G. P., Practical applications of pulsed field electrophoresis and yeast chromosome fingerprinting in brewing QA and R&D. Tech. Q. Master Brew. Assoc. Am., 1996, 33, 1-10.
13. Coakley, M., Ross, R. P. and Donnelly, D., Application of the polymerase chain reaction to the rapid analysis of brewery yeast strains. J. Inst. Brew., 1996, 102, 349-354.
14. Deans, K., Pinder, A., Catley, B. J. and Hodgson, J. A., Effects of cone cropping and serial repitch on the distribution of cell ages in brewery yeast. Proceedings of the European Brewing Convention Congress, Maastricht, IRL Press: Oxford, 1997, 26, 469-476.
15. D'Hautcourt, O. and Smart, K. A., The measurement of brewing yeast flocculation. J. Am. Soc. Brew. Chem., 1999, 57, 123-128.
16. Donnelly, D and Hurley, J., Yeast Monitoring: The Guinness experience. Ferment, 1996, 9, 283-286.
17. Garfinkel, D. J., Genome evolution mediated by Ty elements in Saccharomyces. Cytogenet. Genome Res., 2005, 110, 63-69.
18. Gilliland, R. B., Brewing yeast. In: Brewing Sciences. J. R. A. Pollock, Ed., Academic Press: London, 1981, Chapter 1, pp. 1-60.
19. Jenkins, C. L., Kennedy, A. I., Hodgson, J. A., Thurston, P. and Smart, K. A., Impact of serial repitching on lager brewing yeast quality. J. Am. Soc. Brew. Chem., 2003, 61, 1-9.
20. Jenkins, C. L., Kennedy, A. I., Thurston, P., Hodgson, J. A. and Smart, K. A., Serial repitching fermentation performance and functional biomarkers. In: Brewing Yeast Fermentation Performance, 2nd ed., K. A. Smart, Ed., Blackwell Scientific publishers, Oxford, 2003, Chapter 24, pp. 257-271.
21. Jordan, I. K. and McDonald, J. F., Comparative genomics and evolutionary dynamics of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Ty elements. Genetica, 1999, 107, 3-13.
22. Kennedy, A., Yeast handling in the brewery. In: Brewing Yeast Fermentation Performance, K. A. Smart, Ed., Blackwell Scientific publishers: Oxford, 2000, Chapter 17, pp. 129-134.
23. Kot, E. J. and Helbert, J. R., Two verdant types of Saccharomyces uvarum. J. Am. Soc. Brew. Chem., 1976, 35, 25-29.
24. Lawrence, D. R., Yeast differentiation and identification. Proceedings of the European Brewing Convention Congress, London, IRL Press: Oxford, 1983, pp. 449-456.
25. Legras, J. L. and Karst, F., Optimisation of interdelta analysis for Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain characterization. FEMS (Fed. Eur. Microbiol. Soc.) Microbiol. Lett., 2003, 221, 249-255.
26. Longo, E. and Vezinhet, F., Chromosomal rearrangements during vegetative growth of a wild strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 1993, 59, 322-326.27.
27. Loveridge, D., Ruddlesden, J. D., Noble, C. S. and Quain, D. E., Improvements in brewery fermentation performance by 'early' yeast cropping and reduced yeast storage time. Proceedings of the 7th Institute of Brewing Convention (Africa Section), 1999, pp. 95-99.
28. Masneuf, I. and Dubourdieu, D., Comparaison de deux techniques d'identification des souches de levures de vinification basées sur le polymorphisme de l'ADN génomique: réaction de polymé risation en chaine (PCR) et analyse des caryotypes (electrophorèse en champ pulsé). J. Int. Sci. Vignes Vin., 1994, 28, 153-160.
29. Mellor, J., Fulton, S. M., Dobson, M. J., Wilson, W., Kingsman, S. M. and Kingsman, A. J., A retro-virus like strategy for expression of fusion protein encoded by yeast transposon Tyl. Nature, 1985, 313, 243-246.
30. Minarikova, L., Kuthan, M., Ricicova, M., Forstova, J. and Palkova, Z., Differentiated gene expression in cells within colonies. Exp. Cell Res., 2001, 271, 296-304.
31. Morrison, K. B. and Suggett, A., Yeast handling, petite mutants and lager flavour. J. Inst. Brew., 1983, 89, 141-142.
32. Ness, F., Lavallee, F., Dubordieu, D., Aigle, M and Dulau, L., Identification of yeast strains using the polymerase chain reaction. J. Sci. Food Agric., 1993, 62, 89-94.
33. Nevo-Caspi, Y. and Kupiec, M., Transcriptional induction of Ty recombination in yeast. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 1994, 91, 12711-12715.
34. O'Connor-Cox, E., Improving yeast handling in the brewery Part 1: Yeast cropping. Brew. Guardian, 1997, 126, 26-34.
35. O'Connor-Cox, E., Improving yeast handling in the brewery Part 2: yeast collection. Brew. Guardian, 1998, 127, 22-34.
36. Palkova, Z. and Vachova, L., Life within a community: benefit to yeast long term survival. FEMS (Fed. Eur. Microbiol. Soc.) Microbiol. Rev., 2006, 30, 806-824.
37. Powell, C. D., Quain, D. E. and Smart, K. A., The impact of sedimentation on cone yeast heterogeneity. J. Am. Soc. Brew. Chem., 2004, 62, 8-17.
38. Powell, C. D., Quain, D. E. and Smart, K. A., The impact of yeast sedimentation on the distribution of cells within the cone of a cylindroconical vessel. Proceedings of the 22nd Institute of Brewing Convention, (Asia Pacific Section), 2002, pp. 1-7.
39. Quain, D. E., Yeast supply - the challenge of zero defects. Proceedings of the European Brewery Convention Congress, Brussels, IRL Press: Oxford, 1995, pp. 309-318.
40. Quain, D. E., Powell, C. D., Hamilton, A., Ruddlesden, J. D. and Box, W. G., Why warm cropping is best! Proceedings of the European Brewery Convention Congress, Budapest, Fachverlag Hans Carl: Nürnberg, Germany, 2001, pp. 388-396.41.
41. Rachidi, N., Barre, P. and Blondin, B., Multiple Ty-mediated chromosomal translocations lead to karyotype changes in a wine strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol. Gen. Genet., 1999, 261, 841-850.
42. Reboredo, N. M., Sieiro, C., Blanco, P. and Villa, T. G., Isolation and characterization of a mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae affected in the FLO1 locus. FEMS (Fed. Eur. Microbiol. Soc.) Microbiol. Lett., 1996, 137, 57-61.
43. Sato, M., Watari, J., Sahara, H. and Koshino, S., Instability in electrophoretic karyotype of brewing yeasts. J. Am. Soc. Brew. Chem., 1994, 52, 148-151.
44. Sato, M., Watari, J. and Shinotsuka, K. Genetic instability in flocculation of bottom fermenting yeast. J. Am. Soc. Brew. Chem., 2001, 59, 130-134.
45. Smart, K. A., Powell, C. D., Jenkins, C. L., LeClaire, J. and Martin, V., Cropped yeast heterogeneity: Are all cropped yeast slurries the same. Proceedings of the 10th Institute of Brewing Convention (Africa Section), 2005, pp. 52-57.
46. Smart, K. A. and Whisker, S. W., Effect of serial repitching on the fermentation properties and condition of brewing yeast. J. Am. Soc. Brew. Chem., 1996, 54, 41-44.
47. Stewart, G. G., Yeast performance and management. The Brewer, 1996, 82, 211-215.
48. Stewart, G. G. and Russell, I., An Introduction to Brewing Science and Technology, Series III Brewer's Yeast, The Institute of Brewing, London, 1998.
49. Teixeira, J. M., Teixeira, J. A., Mota, M., Manuela, M., Guerra, B., Machado Cruz, J. M. and Almeida, A. M., The influence of the cell wall composition of a brewer's flocculent lager yeast on sedimentation during successive industrial fermentations. Proceedings of the European Brewery Convention Congress, Lisbon, IRL Press: Oxford, 1991, pp. 241-248.
50. Vopalenska, I., Hulkova, M., Janderova, B. and Palkova, Z., The morphology of Saccharomyces cerevisiae colonies is affected by cell adhesion and the budding pattern. Res. Microbiol., 2005, 156, 921-931.
51. Verstrepen, K. J., Derdelinckx, G., Verachtert, H. and Delvaux, F. R., Yeast flocculation: What brewers should know. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 2003, 61, 197-205.
52. Verstrepen, K. J., Jansen, A., Lewitter, F. And Fink, G. R., Intragenic tandem repeats generate functional variability. Nat. Genet., 2005, 37, 986-990.
53. Wightman, P., Quain, D. E. and Meaden, P. G., Analysis of production brewing strains of yeast by DNA fingerprinting. Letts. Appl. Microbiol., 1996, 22, 90-94.