메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 3, Issue 3, 2007, Pages 283-300

Sex hormones, vascular function and the outcome of hormone replacement therapy in cardiovascular disease

Author keywords

Calcium; Coronary artery disease; Endothelium; Estrogen; Hypertension; Nitric oxide; Progesterone; Protein kinase; Testosterone; Vascular smooth muscle

Indexed keywords

ANDROGEN; ANDROSTANOLONE; CALCIUM ION; CONJUGATED ESTROGEN; CONJUGATED ESTROGEN PLUS MEDROXYPROGESTERONE ACETATE; COUMESTROL; DIETHYLSTILBESTROL; ENDOTHELIN; ENDOTHELIUM DERIVED HYPERPOLARIZING FACTOR; ESTRADIOL; ESTROGEN; ESTROGEN RECEPTOR; ETANERCEPT; ETHINYLESTRADIOL; FULVESTRANT; ISOFLAVONE; MEDROXYPROGESTERONE ACETATE; NARINGENIN; NITRIC OXIDE; OGEN1; PLACEBO; PROGESTERONE; PROSTACYCLIN; PROTEIN KINASE C; RALOXIFENE; RHO KINASE; SELECTIVE ESTROGEN RECEPTOR MODULATOR; SEX HORMONE; TAMOXIFEN; TESTOSTERONE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; UNINDEXED DRUG;

EID: 34248657596     PISSN: 14796678     EISSN: 17448298     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2217/14796678.3.3.283     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (3)

References (90)
  • 1
    • 33646271128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Review of the American Heart Association's guidelines for cardiovascular disease prevention in women
    • 92(Suppl. 3) iii10-iii13
    • Mieres JH: Review of the American Heart Association's guidelines for cardiovascular disease prevention in women. Heart 92(Suppl. 3) iii10-iii13 (2006).
    • (2006) Heart
    • Mieres, J.H.1
  • 2
  • 3
    • 2442496610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coronary artery disease: New insights into the pathophysiology, prevalence, and early detection of a monster menace
    • Slater J, Rill V: Coronary artery disease: new insights into the pathophysiology, prevalence, and early detection of a monster menace. Semin. Ultrasound CT MR 25(2), 113-121 (2004).
    • (2004) Semin. Ultrasound CT MR , vol.25 , Issue.2 , pp. 113-121
    • Slater, J.1    Rill, V.2
  • 5
    • 13144256679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sex steroids, cardiovascular disease, and hypertension: Unanswered questions and some speculations
    • Reckelhoff JF: Sex steroids, cardiovascular disease, and hypertension: unanswered questions and some speculations. Hypertension 45(2), 170-174 (2005).
    • (2005) Hypertension , vol.45 , Issue.2 , pp. 170-174
    • Reckelhoff, J.F.1
  • 6
    • 0037014416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mendelsohn ME: Genomic and nongenomic effects of estrogen in the vasculature. Am. J. Cardiol. 90(1A), 3F-6F (2002).
    • Mendelsohn ME: Genomic and nongenomic effects of estrogen in the vasculature. Am. J. Cardiol. 90(1A), 3F-6F (2002).
  • 7
    • 20444398494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular and cellular basis of cardiovascular gender differences
    • Mendelsohn ME, Karas RH: Molecular and cellular basis of cardiovascular gender differences. Science 308(5728), 1583-1587 (2005).
    • (2005) Science , vol.308 , Issue.5728 , pp. 1583-1587
    • Mendelsohn, M.E.1    Karas, R.H.2
  • 8
    • 0027173746 scopus 로고
    • Beneficial effect of oestrogen on exercise-induced myocardial ischaemia in women with coronary artery disease
    • Rosano GM, Sarrel PM, Poole-Wilson PA, Collins P: Beneficial effect of oestrogen on exercise-induced myocardial ischaemia in women with coronary artery disease. Lancet 342(8864), 133-136 (1993).
    • (1993) Lancet , vol.342 , Issue.8864 , pp. 133-136
    • Rosano, G.M.1    Sarrel, P.M.2    Poole-Wilson, P.A.3    Collins, P.4
  • 9
    • 0029759025 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Postmenopausal estrogen and progestin use and the risk of cardiovascular disease
    • Grodstein F, Stampfer MJ, Manson JE et al.: Postmenopausal estrogen and progestin use and the risk of cardiovascular disease. N Engl. J. Med. 335, 453-461 (1996).
    • (1996) N Engl. J. Med , vol.335 , pp. 453-461
    • Grodstein, F.1    Stampfer, M.J.2    Manson, J.E.3
  • 10
    • 9644268035 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hormone replacement therapy and cardiovascular disease: What went wrong and where do we go from here?
    • Dubey RK, Imthurn B, Zacharia LC, Jackson EK: Hormone replacement therapy and cardiovascular disease: what went wrong and where do we go from here? Hypertension 44(6), 789-795 (2004).
    • (2004) Hypertension , vol.44 , Issue.6 , pp. 789-795
    • Dubey, R.K.1    Imthurn, B.2    Zacharia, L.C.3    Jackson, E.K.4
  • 11
    • 0032547326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized trial of estrogen plus progestin for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in postmenopausal women
    • Hulley S, Grady D, Bush T et al.: Randomized trial of estrogen plus progestin for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in postmenopausal women. JAMA 280, 605-613 (1998).
    • (1998) JAMA , vol.280 , pp. 605-613
    • Hulley, S.1    Grady, D.2    Bush, T.3
  • 12
    • 0037014584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular disease outcomes during 6.8 years of hormone therapy. Heart and estrogen/ progestin replacement study follow up (HERS II)
    • Grady D, Herrington D, Bitter V et al.: Cardiovascular disease outcomes during 6.8 years of hormone therapy. Heart and estrogen/ progestin replacement study follow up (HERS II). JAMA 288, 49-57 (2002).
    • (2002) JAMA , vol.288 , pp. 49-57
    • Grady, D.1    Herrington, D.2    Bitter, V.3
  • 13
    • 0037125379 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risks and benefits of estrogen plus progestin in healthy postmenopausal women. Principal results from the women's health initiative radomized controlled trial
    • Rossouw JE, Anderson GL, Prentice RL et al.: Risks and benefits of estrogen plus progestin in healthy postmenopausal women. Principal results from the women's health initiative radomized controlled trial. JAMA 288, 321-333 (2002).
    • (2002) JAMA , vol.288 , pp. 321-333
    • Rossouw, J.E.1    Anderson, G.L.2    Prentice, R.L.3
  • 14
    • 2342640368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel mechanisms responsible for postmenopausal hypertension
    • Reckelhoff JF, Fortepiani LA: Novel mechanisms responsible for postmenopausal hypertension. Hypertension 43(5), 918-923 (2004).
    • (2004) Hypertension , vol.43 , Issue.5 , pp. 918-923
    • Reckelhoff, J.F.1    Fortepiani, L.A.2
  • 15
    • 0037313895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testosterone and coronary vascular tone: Implications in coronary artery disease
    • Wynne FL, Khalil RA: Testosterone and coronary vascular tone: implications in coronary artery disease. J. Endocrinol. Invest. 26(2), 181-186 (2003).
    • (2003) J. Endocrinol. Invest , vol.26 , Issue.2 , pp. 181-186
    • Wynne, F.L.1    Khalil, R.A.2
  • 16
    • 0037377558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epitope-dependent localization of estrogen receptor-α, but not -β, in en face arterial endothelium
    • Dan P, Cheung JC, Scriven DR, Moore ED: Epitope-dependent localization of estrogen receptor-α, but not -β, in en face arterial endothelium. Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 284, H1295-H1306 (2003).
    • (2003) Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol , vol.284
    • Dan, P.1    Cheung, J.C.2    Scriven, D.R.3    Moore, E.D.4
  • 17
    • 0037127027 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Abnormal vascular function and hypertension in mice deficient in estrogen receptor β
    • Zhu Y, Bian Z, Lu P et al.: Abnormal vascular function and hypertension in mice deficient in estrogen receptor β. Science 295(5554), 505-508 (2002).
    • (2002) Science , vol.295 , Issue.5554 , pp. 505-508
    • Zhu, Y.1    Bian, Z.2    Lu, P.3
  • 18
    • 0037422527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Truncated estrogen receptor-α 46-kDa isoform in human endothelial cells
    • Figtree G, McDonald D, Watkins H, Channon K: Truncated estrogen receptor-α 46-kDa isoform in human endothelial cells. Circulation 107, 120-126 (2003).
    • (2003) Circulation , vol.107 , pp. 120-126
    • Figtree, G.1    McDonald, D.2    Watkins, H.3    Channon, K.4
  • 19
    • 0031785733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differentially expressed messenger RNA isoforms of the human estrogen receptor-α gene are generated by alternative splicing and promoter usage
    • Flouriot G, Griffin C, Kenealy M, Sonntag-Buck V, Gannon F: Differentially expressed messenger RNA isoforms of the human estrogen receptor-α gene are generated by alternative splicing and promoter usage. Mol. Endocrinol. 12, 1939-1954 (1998).
    • (1998) Mol. Endocrinol , vol.12 , pp. 1939-1954
    • Flouriot, G.1    Griffin, C.2    Kenealy, M.3    Sonntag-Buck, V.4    Gannon, F.5
  • 20
    • 33749051482 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selective agonists of estrogen receptor isoforms: New perspectives for cardiovascular disease
    • Bolego C, Vegeto E, Pinna C, Maggi A, Cignarella A: Selective agonists of estrogen receptor isoforms: new perspectives for cardiovascular disease. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 26(10), 2192-2199 (2006).
    • (2006) Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol , vol.26 , Issue.10 , pp. 2192-2199
    • Bolego, C.1    Vegeto, E.2    Pinna, C.3    Maggi, A.4    Cignarella, A.5
  • 21
    • 0042934090 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activities of estrogen receptor α- and β-selective ligands at diverse estrogen responsive gene sites mediating transactivation or transrepression
    • Harrington WR, Sheng S, Barnett DH, Petz LN, Katzenellenbogen JA, Katzenellenbogen BS: Activities of estrogen receptor α- and β-selective ligands at diverse estrogen responsive gene sites mediating transactivation or transrepression. Mol. Cell Endocrinol. 206, 13-22 (2003).
    • (2003) Mol. Cell Endocrinol , vol.206 , pp. 13-22
    • Harrington, W.R.1    Sheng, S.2    Barnett, D.H.3    Petz, L.N.4    Katzenellenbogen, J.A.5    Katzenellenbogen, B.S.6
  • 22
    • 0004752110 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel ligands that function as selective estrogens or antiestrogens for estrogen receptor-α or estrogen receptor-β
    • Sun J, Meyers MJ, Fink BE, Rajendran R, Katzenellenbogen JA, Katzenellenbogen BS: Novel ligands that function as selective estrogens or antiestrogens for estrogen receptor-α or estrogen receptor-β. Endocrinology 140, 800-804 (1999).
    • (1999) Endocrinology , vol.140 , pp. 800-804
    • Sun, J.1    Meyers, M.J.2    Fink, B.E.3    Rajendran, R.4    Katzenellenbogen, J.A.5    Katzenellenbogen, B.S.6
  • 24
    • 0032951139 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phytoestrogens inhibit growth and MAP kinase activity in human aortic smooth muscle cells
    • Dubey RK, Gillespie DG, Imthurn B, Rosselli M, Jackson EK, Keller PJ: Phytoestrogens inhibit growth and MAP kinase activity in human aortic smooth muscle cells. Hypertension 33(1 Pt 2), 177-182 (1999).
    • (1999) Hypertension , vol.33 , Issue.1 PART 2 , pp. 177-182
    • Dubey, R.K.1    Gillespie, D.G.2    Imthurn, B.3    Rosselli, M.4    Jackson, E.K.5    Keller, P.J.6
  • 25
    • 33746794978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2-methoxyestradiol, an estradiol metabolite, inhibits neointima formation and smooth muscle cell growth via double block'ade of the cell cycle
    • Barchiesi F, Jackson EK, Fingerle J, Gillespie DG, Odermatt B, Dubey RK: 2-methoxyestradiol, an estradiol metabolite, inhibits neointima formation and smooth muscle cell growth via double block'ade of the cell cycle. Circ. Res. 99(3), 266-274 (2006).
    • (2006) Circ. Res , vol.99 , Issue.3 , pp. 266-274
    • Barchiesi, F.1    Jackson, E.K.2    Fingerle, J.3    Gillespie, D.G.4    Odermatt, B.5    Dubey, R.K.6
  • 27
    • 1442263876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Androgens are necessary for the development of fructose-induced hypertension
    • Song D, Arikawa E, Galipeau D, Battell M, McNeill JH: Androgens are necessary for the development of fructose-induced hypertension. Hypertension 43 (3), 667-672 (2004).
    • (2004) Hypertension , vol.43 , Issue.3 , pp. 667-672
    • Song, D.1    Arikawa, E.2    Galipeau, D.3    Battell, M.4    McNeill, J.H.5
  • 28
    • 0029807020 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testosterone induces dilation of canine coronary conductance and resistance arteries in vivo
    • Chou TM, Sudhir K, Hutchison SJ et al: Testosterone induces dilation of canine coronary conductance and resistance arteries in vivo. Circulation 94, 2614-2619 (1996).
    • (1996) Circulation , vol.94 , pp. 2614-2619
    • Chou, T.M.1    Sudhir, K.2    Hutchison, S.J.3
  • 29
    • 0028898278 scopus 로고
    • Gender difference in endothelial dysfunction in the aorta of spontaneously hypertensive rats
    • Kauser K, Rubanyi GM: Gender difference in endothelial dysfunction in the aorta of spontaneously hypertensive rats. Hypertension 25 (4 Pt 1), 517-523 (1995).
    • (1995) Hypertension , vol.25 , Issue.4 PART 1 , pp. 517-523
    • Kauser, K.1    Rubanyi, G.M.2
  • 31
    • 0037205290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estrogen receptor-α mediates the protective effects of estrogen against vascular injury
    • Pare G, Krust A, Karas RH et al.: Estrogen receptor-α mediates the protective effects of estrogen against vascular injury. Circ. Res. 90, 1087-1092 (2002).
    • (2002) Circ. Res , vol.90 , pp. 1087-1092
    • Pare, G.1    Krust, A.2    Karas, R.H.3
  • 32
    • 0037040830 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estradiol alters nitric oxide production in the mouse aorta through the α, but not β, estrogen receptor
    • Darblade B, Pendaries C, Krust A et al.: Estradiol alters nitric oxide production in the mouse aorta through the α, but not β, estrogen receptor. Circ. Res. 90, 413-419 (2002).
    • (2002) Circ. Res , vol.90 , pp. 413-419
    • Darblade, B.1    Pendaries, C.2    Krust, A.3
  • 33
    • 0033838852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased magnitude of relaxation to oestrogen in aorta from oestrogen receptor-β knock-out mice
    • Nilsson BO, Ekblad E, Heine T, Gustafsson JÅ: Increased magnitude of relaxation to oestrogen in aorta from oestrogen receptor-β knock-out mice. J. Endocrinol. 166, R5-R9 (2000).
    • (2000) J. Endocrinol , vol.166
    • Nilsson, B.O.1    Ekblad, E.2    Heine, T.3    Gustafsson, J.4
  • 34
    • 0242441484 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improvement of endothelial dysfunction by selective estrogen receptor-α stimulation in ovariectomized SHR
    • Widder J, Pelzer T, von Poser-Klein C et al.: Improvement of endothelial dysfunction by selective estrogen receptor-α stimulation in ovariectomized SHR. Hypertension 42(5), 991-996 (2003).
    • (2003) Hypertension , vol.42 , Issue.5 , pp. 991-996
    • Widder, J.1    Pelzer, T.2    von Poser-Klein, C.3
  • 36
    • 0031756393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for a difference in nitric oxide biosynthesis between healthy women and men
    • Forte P, Kneale BJ, Mitne E, et al.: Evidence for a difference in nitric oxide biosynthesis between healthy women and men. Hypertension 32(4), 730-734 (1998).
    • (1998) Hypertension , vol.32 , Issue.4 , pp. 730-734
    • Forte, P.1    Kneale, B.J.2    Mitne, E.3
  • 37
    • 33748744767 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2+-independent activation of endothelial nitric-oxide synthase/Hsp90 involving ERK1/2 and Akt phosphorylation in human endothelial cells
    • 2+-independent activation of endothelial nitric-oxide synthase/Hsp90 involving ERK1/2 and Akt phosphorylation in human endothelial cells. J. Biol. Chem. 281(37), 27335-27345 (2006).
    • (2006) J. Biol. Chem , vol.281 , Issue.37 , pp. 27335-27345
    • Joy, S.1    Siow, R.C.2    Rowlands, D.J.3
  • 38
    • 0034644608 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Membrane estrogen receptor engagement activates endothelial nitric oxide synthase via the PI3-kinase-Akt pathway in human endothelial cells
    • Haynes MP, Sinha D, Russell KS et al.: Membrane estrogen receptor engagement activates endothelial nitric oxide synthase via the PI3-kinase-Akt pathway in human endothelial cells. Circ. Res. 87, 677-682 (2000).
    • (2000) Circ. Res , vol.87 , pp. 677-682
    • Haynes, M.P.1    Sinha, D.2    Russell, K.S.3
  • 39
    • 0033674296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 17β-estradiol prevents oxidative stress and decreases blood pressure in ovarlectomized rats
    • Hernandez I, Delgado JL, Diaz J et al.: 17β-estradiol prevents oxidative stress and decreases blood pressure in ovarlectomized rats. Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. 279, R1599-R1605 (2000).
    • (2000) Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol , vol.279
    • Hernandez, I.1    Delgado, J.L.2    Diaz, J.3
  • 40
    • 27944449700 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progesterone antagonizes the vasoprotective effect of estrogen on antioxidant enzyme expression and function
    • Wassmann K, Wassmann S, Nickenig G: Progesterone antagonizes the vasoprotective effect of estrogen on antioxidant enzyme expression and function. Circ. Res. 97(10), 1046-1054 (2005).
    • (2005) Circ. Res , vol.97 , Issue.10 , pp. 1046-1054
    • Wassmann, K.1    Wassmann, S.2    Nickenig, G.3
  • 41
    • 33751301081 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gender differences in endothelium-dependent relaxations do not involve NO in porcine coronary arteries
    • Barber DA, Miller VM: Gender differences in endothelium-dependent relaxations do not involve NO in porcine coronary arteries. Am. J. Physiol. 273(5 Pt 2), H2325-H2332 (1997).
    • (1997) Am. J. Physiol , vol.273 , Issue.5 PART 2
    • Barber, D.A.1    Miller, V.M.2
  • 42
    • 10344267004 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • COX-2-derived prostacyclin confers atheroprotection on female mice
    • Egan KM, Lawson JA, Fries S et al.: COX-2-derived prostacyclin confers atheroprotection on female mice. Science 306, 1954-1957 (2004).
    • (2004) Science , vol.306 , pp. 1954-1957
    • Egan, K.M.1    Lawson, J.A.2    Fries, S.3
  • 44
    • 0033432774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Different mechanisms for testosterone-induced relaxation of aorta between normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats
    • Honda H, Unemoto T, Kogo H: Different mechanisms for testosterone-induced relaxation of aorta between normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats. Hypertension 34(6), 1232-1236 (1999).
    • (1999) Hypertension , vol.34 , Issue.6 , pp. 1232-1236
    • Honda, H.1    Unemoto, T.2    Kogo, H.3
  • 45
    • 0033623933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 17β-estradiol modulates endothelin-1 expression and release in human endothelial cells
    • Bilsel AS, Moini H, Tetik E, Aksungar F, Kaynak B, Ozer A: 17β-estradiol modulates endothelin-1 expression and release in human endothelial cells. Cardiovasc. Res. 46, 579-584 (2000).
    • (2000) Cardiovasc. Res , vol.46 , pp. 579-584
    • Bilsel, A.S.1    Moini, H.2    Tetik, E.3    Aksungar, F.4    Kaynak, B.5    Ozer, A.6
  • 46
    • 0035095739 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estradiol metabolites inhibit endothelin synthesis by an estrogen receptor-independent mechanism
    • Dubey RK, Jackson EK, Keller PJ, Imthurn B, Rosselli M: Estradiol metabolites inhibit endothelin synthesis by an estrogen receptor-independent mechanism. Hypertension 37(2 Pt 2), 640-644 (2001).
    • (2001) Hypertension , vol.37 , Issue.2 PART 2 , pp. 640-644
    • Dubey, R.K.1    Jackson, E.K.2    Keller, P.J.3    Imthurn, B.4    Rosselli, M.5
  • 47
    • 0035462242 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ovarian hormones modulate endothelin-1 vascular reactivity and mRNA expression in DOCA-salt hypertensive rats
    • David FL, Carvalho MH, Cobra AL et al.: Ovarian hormones modulate endothelin-1 vascular reactivity and mRNA expression in DOCA-salt hypertensive rats. Hypertension 38(3 Pt 2), 692-696 (2001).
    • (2001) Hypertension , vol.38 , Issue.3 PART 2 , pp. 692-696
    • David, F.L.1    Carvalho, M.H.2    Cobra, A.L.3
  • 48
    • 0029018514 scopus 로고
    • 17β-estradiol attenuates acetylcholine-induced coronary arterial constriction in women but not men with coronary heart disease
    • Collins P, Rosano GM, Sarrel PM et al.: 17β-estradiol attenuates acetylcholine-induced coronary arterial constriction in women but not men with coronary heart disease. Circulation 92 (1), 24-30 (1995).
    • (1995) Circulation , vol.92 , Issue.1 , pp. 24-30
    • Collins, P.1    Rosano, G.M.2    Sarrel, P.M.3
  • 49
    • 0034633808 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential effects of estrogen and progesterone on AT1 receptor gene expression in vascular smooth muscle cells
    • Nickenig G, Strehlow K, Wassmann S et al.: Differential effects of estrogen and progesterone on AT1 receptor gene expression in vascular smooth muscle cells. Circulation 102, 1828-1833 (2000).
    • (2000) Circulation , vol.102 , pp. 1828-1833
    • Nickenig, G.1    Strehlow, K.2    Wassmann, S.3
  • 50
    • 15044351935 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 17β-estradiol downregulates tissue angiotensin-converting enzyme and ANG II type 1 receptor in female rats
    • Dean SA, Tan J, O'Brien ER, Leenen FH: 17β-estradiol downregulates tissue angiotensin-converting enzyme and ANG II type 1 receptor in female rats. Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. 288(3), R759-R766 (2005).
    • (2005) Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol , vol.288 , Issue.3
    • Dean, S.A.1    Tan, J.2    O'Brien, E.R.3    Leenen, F.H.4
  • 51
    • 27544468317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protein kinase C isoforms as specific targets for modulation of vascular smooth muscle function in hypertension
    • Salamanca DA, Khalil RA: Protein kinase C isoforms as specific targets for modulation of vascular smooth muscle function in hypertension. Biochem. Pharmacol. 70(11). 1537-1547 (2005).
    • (2005) Biochem. Pharmacol , vol.70 , Issue.11 , pp. 1537-1547
    • Salamanca, D.A.1    Khalil, R.A.2
  • 53
    • 0032842945 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 1 during inhibition of coronary smooth muscle contraction by 17β-estradiol, progesterone, and testosterone
    • 1 during inhibition of coronary smooth muscle contraction by 17β-estradiol, progesterone, and testosterone. J. Pharmacul. Exp. Ther. 291(1), 44-52 (1999).
    • (1999) J. Pharmacul. Exp. Ther , vol.291 , Issue.1 , pp. 44-52
    • Murphy, J.G.1    Khalil, R.A.2
  • 55
    • 0035006405 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gender-related distinctions in protein kinase C activity in rat vascular smooth muscle
    • Kanashiro CA, Khalil RA: Gender-related distinctions in protein kinase C activity in rat vascular smooth muscle. Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol. 280(1), C34-C45 (2001).
    • (2001) Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol , vol.280 , Issue.1
    • Kanashiro, C.A.1    Khalil, R.A.2
  • 56
    • 0036092594 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nongenomic vasodilator action of progesterone on primate coronary arteries
    • Minshall RD, Pavcnik D, Browne DL, Hermsmeyer K: Nongenomic vasodilator action of progesterone on primate coronary arteries. J. Appl. Pbysiol. 92, 701-708 (2002).
    • (2002) J. Appl. Pbysiol , vol.92 , pp. 701-708
    • Minshall, R.D.1    Pavcnik, D.2    Browne, D.L.3    Hermsmeyer, K.4
  • 57
    • 0034650714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Signal transduction by G-proteins, rho-kinase and protein phosphatase to smooth muscle and non-muscle myosin II
    • Somlyo AP, Somlyo AV: Signal transduction by G-proteins, rho-kinase and protein phosphatase to smooth muscle and non-muscle myosin II. J. Physiol. 522(Pt 2), 177-185 (2000).
    • (2000) J. Physiol , vol.522 , Issue.PART 2 , pp. 177-185
    • Somlyo, A.P.1    Somlyo, A.V.2
  • 58
    • 9644280885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypertension and RhoA/Rho-kinase signaling in the vasculature: Highlights from the recent literature
    • Lee DL, Webb RC, Jin L: Hypertension and RhoA/Rho-kinase signaling in the vasculature: highlights from the recent literature. Hypertension 44(6), 796-799 (2004).
    • (2004) Hypertension , vol.44 , Issue.6 , pp. 796-799
    • Lee, D.L.1    Webb, R.C.2    Jin, L.3
  • 59
    • 33645457715 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiological role of ROCKs in the cardiovascular system
    • Noma K, Oyama N, Liao JK: Physiological role of ROCKs in the cardiovascular system. Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol. 290 (3), C661-C668 (2006).
    • (2006) Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol , vol.290 , Issue.3
    • Noma, K.1    Oyama, N.2    Liao, J.K.3
  • 60
    • 24144498411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rho-kinase is an important therapeutic target in cardiovascular medicine
    • Shimokawa H, Takeshita A: Rho-kinase is an important therapeutic target in cardiovascular medicine. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 25(9), 1767-1775 (2005).
    • (2005) Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol , vol.25 , Issue.9 , pp. 1767-1775
    • Shimokawa, H.1    Takeshita, A.2
  • 61
    • 33746623697 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estrogen receptor-α interacts with Gα13 to drive actin remodeling and endothelial cell migration via the RhoA/Rho kinase/moesin pathway
    • Simoncini T, Scorticati C, Mannella P et al.: Estrogen receptor-α interacts with Gα13 to drive actin remodeling and endothelial cell migration via the RhoA/Rho kinase/moesin pathway. Mol. Endocrinol. 20(8), 1756-1771 (2006).
    • (2006) Mol. Endocrinol , vol.20 , Issue.8 , pp. 1756-1771
    • Simoncini, T.1    Scorticati, C.2    Mannella, P.3
  • 62
    • 4344681450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence that estrogen suppresses rho-kinase function in the cerebral circulation in vivo
    • Chrissobolis S, Budzyn K, Marley PD, Sobey CG: Evidence that estrogen suppresses rho-kinase function in the cerebral circulation in vivo. Stroke 35 (9), 2200-2205 (2004).
    • (2004) Stroke , vol.35 , Issue.9 , pp. 2200-2205
    • Chrissobolis, S.1    Budzyn, K.2    Marley, P.D.3    Sobey, C.G.4
  • 63
    • 0009733995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estradiol enhances endothelial cell interactions with extracellular matrix proteins via an increase in integrin expression and function
    • Cid MC, Esparza J, Schnaper HW et al.: Estradiol enhances endothelial cell interactions with extracellular matrix proteins via an increase in integrin expression and function. Angiogenesis 3(3), 271-280 (1999).
    • (1999) Angiogenesis , vol.3 , Issue.3 , pp. 271-280
    • Cid, M.C.1    Esparza, J.2    Schnaper, H.W.3
  • 64
    • 0031927191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conjugated equine estrogens alone, but not in combination with medroxyprogesterone, acetate, inhibit aortic connective tissue remodeling after plasma lipid lowering in female monkeys
    • Register TC, Adams MR, Golden DL, Clarkson TB: Conjugated equine estrogens alone, but not in combination with medroxyprogesterone, acetate, inhibit aortic connective tissue remodeling after plasma lipid lowering in female monkeys. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 18(7), 1164-1171 (1998).
    • (1998) Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol , vol.18 , Issue.7 , pp. 1164-1171
    • Register, T.C.1    Adams, M.R.2    Golden, D.L.3    Clarkson, T.B.4
  • 65
    • 0032485108 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 17β-estradiol enhances release of matrix metalloproteinase-2 from human vascular smooth muscle cells
    • Wingrove CS, Garr E, Godsland IF, Stevenson JC: 17β-estradiol enhances release of matrix metalloproteinase-2 from human vascular smooth muscle cells. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1406(2), 169-174 (1998).
    • (1998) Biochim. Biophys. Acta , vol.1406 , Issue.2 , pp. 169-174
    • Wingrove, C.S.1    Garr, E.2    Godsland, I.F.3    Stevenson, J.C.4
  • 66
    • 33748851388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estrogen attenuates vascular expression of inflammation associated genes and adhesion of monocytes to endothelial cells
    • Gao H, Liang M, Bergdahl A et al.: Estrogen attenuates vascular expression of inflammation associated genes and adhesion of monocytes to endothelial cells. Inflamm. Res. 55(8), 349-353 (2006).
    • (2006) Inflamm. Res , vol.55 , Issue.8 , pp. 349-353
    • Gao, H.1    Liang, M.2    Bergdahl, A.3
  • 67
    • 33746271624 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estradiol blocks the induction of CD40 and CD40L expression on endothelial cells and prevents neutrophill adhesion: An ERα-mediated pathway
    • Geraldes P, Gagnon S, Hadjadj S et al.: Estradiol blocks the induction of CD40 and CD40L expression on endothelial cells and prevents neutrophill adhesion: an ERα-mediated pathway. Cardiovasc. Res. 71(3), 566-573 (2006).
    • (2006) Cardiovasc. Res , vol.71 , Issue.3 , pp. 566-573
    • Geraldes, P.1    Gagnon, S.2    Hadjadj, S.3
  • 68
    • 33747391949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tumor necrosis factor-α and vascular angiotensin II in estrogen-deficient rats
    • Arenas IA, Armstrong SJ, Xu Y, Davidge ST: Tumor necrosis factor-α and vascular angiotensin II in estrogen-deficient rats. Hypertension 48(3), 497-503 (2006).
    • (2006) Hypertension , vol.48 , Issue.3 , pp. 497-503
    • Arenas, I.A.1    Armstrong, S.J.2    Xu, Y.3    Davidge, S.T.4
  • 69
  • 70
    • 32544446287 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dihydrotestosterone decreases tumor necrosis factor-α and lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response in human endothelial cells
    • Norata GD, Tibolla G, Seccomandi PM, Poletti A, Catapano AL: Dihydrotestosterone decreases tumor necrosis factor-α and lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response in human endothelial cells. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 91(2), 546-554 (2006).
    • (2006) J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab , vol.91 , Issue.2 , pp. 546-554
    • Norata, G.D.1    Tibolla, G.2    Seccomandi, P.M.3    Poletti, A.4    Catapano, A.L.5
  • 71
    • 0842311488 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age-related reduction in estrogen receptor-mediated mechanisms of vascular relaxation in female spontaneously hypertensive rats
    • Wynne FL, Payne JA, Cain AE, Reckelhoff JF, Khalil RA: Age-related reduction in estrogen receptor-mediated mechanisms of vascular relaxation in female spontaneously hypertensive rats. Hypertension 43(2), 405-412 (2004).
    • (2004) Hypertension , vol.43 , Issue.2 , pp. 405-412
    • Wynne, F.L.1    Payne, J.A.2    Cain, A.E.3    Reckelhoff, J.F.4    Khalil, R.A.5
  • 72
    • 0036898962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perspectives on the Women's Health Initiative trial of hormone replacement therapy
    • Grimes DA, Lobo RA: Perspectives on the Women's Health Initiative trial of hormone replacement therapy. Obstet. Gynecol. 100(6), 1344-1353 (2002).
    • (2002) Obstet. Gynecol , vol.100 , Issue.6 , pp. 1344-1353
    • Grimes, D.A.1    Lobo, R.A.2
  • 73
    • 0037084151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estrogen replacement therapy, atherosclerosis, and vascular function
    • Mikkola TS, Clarkson TB: Estrogen replacement therapy, atherosclerosis, and vascular function. Cardiovasc. Res. 53, 605-619 (2002).
    • (2002) Cardiovasc. Res , vol.53 , pp. 605-619
    • Mikkola, T.S.1    Clarkson, T.B.2
  • 74
    • 32644436832 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conjugated equine estrogens and coronary heart disease
    • Hsia J, Langer RD, Manson JE et al.: Conjugated equine estrogens and coronary heart disease. Arch. Intern. Med. 166, 357-365 (2006).
    • (2006) Arch. Intern. Med , vol.166 , pp. 357-365
    • Hsia, J.1    Langer, R.D.2    Manson, J.E.3
  • 75
    • 2942612542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Women's Health Initiative could not have detected cardioprotective effects of starting hormone therapy during the menopausal transition
    • Naftolin F, Taylor HS, Karas R et al.: The Women's Health Initiative could not have detected cardioprotective effects of starting hormone therapy during the menopausal transition. Fertil. Steril. 81(6), 1498-1501 (2004).
    • (2004) Fertil. Steril , vol.81 , Issue.6 , pp. 1498-1501
    • Naftolin, F.1    Taylor, H.S.2    Karas, R.3
  • 76
    • 0031016850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Medroxyprogesterone acetate antagonizes inhibitory effects of conjugated equine estrogens on coronary artery atherosclerosis
    • Adams MR. Register TC, Golden DL, Wagner JD, Williams JK: Medroxyprogesterone acetate antagonizes inhibitory effects of conjugated equine estrogens on coronary artery atherosclerosis. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 17(1), 217-221 (1997).
    • (1997) Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol , vol.17 , Issue.1 , pp. 217-221
    • Adams, M.R.1    Register, T.C.2    Golden, D.L.3    Wagner, J.D.4    Williams, J.K.5
  • 77
    • 33749593535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential effects of oral conjugated equine estrogen and transdermal estrogen on atherosclerotic vascular disease risk markers and endothelial function in healthy postmenopausal women
    • Ho JY, Chen MJ, Sheu WH et al.: Differential effects of oral conjugated equine estrogen and transdermal estrogen on atherosclerotic vascular disease risk markers and endothelial function in healthy postmenopausal women. Hum. Reprod. 21(10), 2715-2720 (2006).
    • (2006) Hum. Reprod , vol.21 , Issue.10 , pp. 2715-2720
    • Ho, J.Y.1    Chen, M.J.2    Sheu, W.H.3
  • 78
    • 33749070883 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Different effects of oral conjugated estrogen and transdermal estradiol on arterial stiffness and vascular inflammatory markers in postmenopausal women
    • Sumino, H, Ichikawa S, Kasama S et al.: Different effects of oral conjugated estrogen and transdermal estradiol on arterial stiffness and vascular inflammatory markers in postmenopausal women. Atherosclerosis 189(2), 436-442 (2006).
    • (2006) Atherosclerosis , vol.189 , Issue.2 , pp. 436-442
    • Sumino, H.1    Ichikawa, S.2    Kasama, S.3
  • 81
    • 0033528723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute anti-ischemic effect of testosterone in men with coronary artery disease
    • Rosano GM, Leonardo F, Pagnotta P et al.: Acute anti-ischemic effect of testosterone in men with coronary artery disease. Circulation 99, 1666-1670 (1999).
    • (1999) Circulation , vol.99 , pp. 1666-1670
    • Rosano, G.M.1    Leonardo, F.2    Pagnotta, P.3
  • 82
    • 0032851148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2+ entry mechanisms of arterial vasoconstriction by sex hormones
    • 2+ entry mechanisms of arterial vasoconstriction by sex hormones. Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol. 26(9), 707-715 (1999).
    • (1999) Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol , vol.26 , Issue.9 , pp. 707-715
    • Crews, J.K.1    Khalil, R.A.2
  • 84
    • 3042621484 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estrogen and tamoxifen modulate cerebrovascular tone in ovariectomized female rats
    • Tsang SY, Yao X, Chan FL et al.: Estrogen and tamoxifen modulate cerebrovascular tone in ovariectomized female rats. Hypertension 44, 78-82 (2004).
    • (2004) Hypertension , vol.44 , pp. 78-82
    • Tsang, S.Y.1    Yao, X.2    Chan, F.L.3
  • 85
    • 33751178013 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Raloxifene elicits combined rapid vasorelaxation and long-term anti-inflammatory actions in rat aorta
    • Pinna C, Bolego C, Sanvito P et al.: Raloxifene elicits combined rapid vasorelaxation and long-term anti-inflammatory actions in rat aorta. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 319(3), 1444-1451 (2006).
    • (2006) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther , vol.319 , Issue.3 , pp. 1444-1451
    • Pinna, C.1    Bolego, C.2    Sanvito, P.3
  • 86
    • 0035880662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Design and methods of the Raloxifene Use for The Heart (RUTH) study
    • Mosca L, Barrett-Connor E, Wenger NK et al.: Design and methods of the Raloxifene Use for The Heart (RUTH) study. Am. J. Cardiol. 88(4), 392-395 (2001).
    • (2001) Am. J. Cardiol , vol.88 , Issue.4 , pp. 392-395
    • Mosca, L.1    Barrett-Connor, E.2    Wenger, N.K.3
  • 87
    • 33745876266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Raloxifene Use for The Heart (RUTH) Trial Investigators: Effects of raloxifene on cardiovascular events and breast cancer in postmenopausal women
    • Barrett-Connor E, Mosca L, Collins P et al.: Raloxifene Use for The Heart (RUTH) Trial Investigators: Effects of raloxifene on cardiovascular events and breast cancer in postmenopausal women. N. Engl. J. Med. 355(2), 125-137 (2006).
    • (2006) N. Engl. J. Med , vol.355 , Issue.2 , pp. 125-137
    • Barrett-Connor, E.1    Mosca, L.2    Collins, P.3
  • 88
    • 32944479494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Critical review of health effects of soyabean phyto-oestrogens in post-menopausal women
    • Cassidy A, Albertazzi P, Lise Nielsen I et al.: Critical review of health effects of soyabean phyto-oestrogens in post-menopausal women. Proc. Nutr. Soc. 65(1), 76-92 (2006).
    • (2006) Proc. Nutr. Soc , vol.65 , Issue.1 , pp. 76-92
    • Cassidy, A.1    Albertazzi, P.2    Lise Nielsen, I.3
  • 89
    • 33847116637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Canonico M, Oger E, Plu-Bureau G et al.: Estrogen and Thromboembolism Risk (ESTHER) Study Group: Hormone therapy and venous thromboembolism among postmenopausal women: impact of the route of estrogen administration and progestogens: the ESTHER study. Circulation 115(7), 840-845 (2007).
    • Canonico M, Oger E, Plu-Bureau G et al.: Estrogen and Thromboembolism Risk (ESTHER) Study Group: Hormone therapy and venous thromboembolism among postmenopausal women: impact of the route of estrogen administration and progestogens: the ESTHER study. Circulation 115(7), 840-845 (2007).
  • 90
    • 18744416833 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • KEEPS: The Kronos Early Estrogen Prevention Study
    • Harman SM, Brinton EA, Cedars M et al.: KEEPS: The Kronos Early Estrogen Prevention Study. Climacteric 8(1), 3-12 (2005).
    • (2005) Climacteric , vol.8 , Issue.1 , pp. 3-12
    • Harman, S.M.1    Brinton, E.A.2    Cedars, M.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.