Inhaled insulin and the lung

Current Medicinal Chemistry

Volumn 14, Issue 12, 2007, Pages 1335-1347

  Fuso, Leonello ^a   Pitocco, Dario ^a   Incalzi, Raffaele Antonelli ^b  

^a CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY   (Italy)

^b UNIVERSITY CAMPUS BIO MEDICO   (Italy)

Author keywords

Diabetes mellitus; Inhaled insulin; Insulin antibodies; Insulin bioavailability; Lung function; Pulmonary drug delivery

Indexed keywords

BETA 2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR STIMULATING AGENT; HUMAN INSULIN; INSULIN; INSULIN ANTIBODY; INSULIN ASPART; INSULIN DERIVATIVE; INSULIN GLULISINE; INSULIN LISPRO; ISOPHANE INSULIN; LONG ACTING DRUG; METHYLCELLULOSE; ORAL ANTIDIABETIC AGENT; PIPERAZINEDIONE; PROPELLANT; RECOMBINANT HUMAN INSULIN; SHORT ACTING DRUG;

AIRFLOW; ASTHMA; CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE LUNG DISEASE; CLINICAL TRIAL; DRUG ADMINISTRATION ROUTE; DRUG ADSORPTION; DRUG BIOAVAILABILITY; DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM; DRUG FORMULATION; DRUG POTENTIATION; DRUG SAFETY; DRY POWDER; HEART FAILURE; HUMAN; INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; INSULIN TREATMENT; LONGITUDINAL STUDY; LUNG DIFFUSION CAPACITY; LUNG DISEASE; LUNG VOLUME; METABOLIC REGULATION; METERED DOSE INHALER; NON INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; NONHUMAN; PARTICLE SIZE; PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY; REVIEW; SINGLE DRUG DOSE; SMOKE; UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTION;

ABSORPTION; ADMINISTRATION, INHALATION; AGING; ANIMALS; CLINICAL TRIALS; DIABETES MELLITUS; HUMANS; INSULIN; LUNG; MALE; NEBULIZERS AND VAPORIZERS; PARTICLE SIZE; PULMONARY ALVEOLI; PULMONARY VENTILATION;

EID: 34248597532     PISSN: 09298673     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2174/092986707780597925     Document Type: Review

References (143)

1. The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) Research Group. N. Engl. J. Med., 1993, 329, 977.
2. UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group. Lancet, 1998, 352, 837.
3. Ohkubo, Y.; Kishikawa, H.; Araki, E.; Miyata, T.; Isami, S.; Motoyoshi, S.; Kojima, Y.; Furuyoshi, N.; Shichiri, M. Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract., 1995, 28, 103.
4. American Diabetes Association. Diabetes Care, 2006, 29, S4.
5. American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists. Endocr. Pract., 2002, 8, 40.
6. Saydah, S.H.; Fradkin, J.; Cowie, C.C. JAMA, 2004, 291, 335.
7. Korytkowski, M. Int. J. Obes. Relat. Metab. Disord., 2002, 26 (Suppl. 3), S18.
8. Zambanini, A.; Newson, R.B.; Maisey, M.; Feher, M.D. Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract., 1999, 46, 239.
9. Labiris, N.R.; Dolovich, M.B. Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 2003, 56, 588.
10. Patton, J.S. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev., 1996, 19, 3
11. Patton, J.S.; Fishburn, C.S.; Weers, J.G. Proc. Am. Thorac. Soc., 2004, 1, 338.
12. Gonda, I. J. Aerosol Med., 2006, 19, 47.
13. Jendle, J.H.; Karlberg, B.E. J. Intern. Med., 1996, 240, 93.
14. Laube, B.L.; Benedict, G.W.; Dobs, A.S. J. Aerosol Med., 1998, 11, 153.
15. Galloway, J.A.; Spradlin, C.T.; Nelson, S.M.; Wentworth, S.M.; Davidson, J.A.; Swarner, J.L. Diabetes Care, 1981, 4, 366
16. Folkesson, H.G.; Matthay, M.A.; Westrom, B.R.; Kim, K.J.; Karlsson, B.W.; Hastings, R.H. J. Appl. Physiol., 1996, 80, 1431.
17. Klonoff, D.C. Diabetes Technol. Ther., 1999, 1, 307.
18. Hastings, R.H.; Grady, M.; Sakuma, T.; Matthay, M.A. J. Appl. Physiol., 1992, 73, 1310.
19. Ma, J.K.H.; Bhat, M.; Rojanasakul, Y. In Inhalation aerosols. Physical and biological basis for therapy, Lenfant, C. Ed.; Marcel Dekker Inc.: New York, 1996; Vol. 94, pp. 155-195.
20. Newman, S.P. Chest, 1985, 88 (Suppl. 2), 152s.
21. Dolovich, M.A. Respir. Care, 2000, 45, 597.
22. Lourenco, R.V.; Loddenkemper, R.; Carton, R.W. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis., 1972, 106, 857.
23. Pavia, D.; Thomson, M.L .; Clarke, S.W.; Shannon, H.S. Thorax, 1977, 32, 194.
24. Dolovich, M.; Ryan, G.; Newhouse, M.T. Chest, 1981, 80 (Suppl. 6), 834.
25. Dolovich, M.B.; Sanchis, J.; Rossman, C.; Newhouse, M.T. J. Appl. Physiol., 1976, 40, 468.
26. Katz, I.M.; Schroeter, J.D.; Martonen, T.B. Diabetes Technol. Ther., 2001, 3, 387.
27. Martonen, T.B. J. Pharm. Sci., 1993, 82, 1191.
28. Martonen, T.B.; Katz, I.M. Pharm. Res., 1993, 10, 871.
29. Dolovich, M.; Vanzieleghem, M.; Hidinger, K.G.; Newhouse, M.T. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis., 1988, 137, 433.
30. Cefalu, T.W. Diabetes Care, 2004, 27, 239.
31. Owens, D.R.; Bolli, G.B.; Zinman, B. Curr. Sci., 2002, 83, 1548.
32. Anhoj, J.; Thorsson, L.; Bisgaard, H. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., 2000, 162, 1819.
33. Henry, R.R.; Mudaliar, S.; Chu, N.; Kim, D.; Armstrong, D.; Davis, T.T.; An, B.; Reinhardt, R.R. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 2003, 43, 1228.
34. Himmelmann, A.; Jendle, J.; Mellen, A.; Petersen, A.H.; Dahl, U.L.; Wollmer, P. Diabetes Care, 2003, 26, 677.
35. Wise, S.; Chien, J; Yeo, K.; Richardson, C. Diabet. Med., 2006, 23, 510.
36. Becker, R.H.; Sha, S.; Frick, A.D.; Fountaine, R.J. Diabetes Care, 2006, 29, 277.
37. Facchini, F.S.; Hollenbeck, C.B.; Jeppesen, J.; Chen, Y.D.; Reaven, G.M. Lancet, 1992, 339, 1128.
38. Attvall, S.; Fowelin, J.; Lager, I.; Von Schenck, H.; Smith, U. J. Intern. Med., 1993, 233, 327.
39. Nakanishi, N.; Nakamura, K.; Matsuo, Y.; Suzuki, K.; Tatara, K. Ann. Intern. Med., 2000, 133, 183.
40. Targher, G.; Alberiche, M.; Zenere, M.B.; Bonadonna, R.C.; Muggeo, M.; Bonora, E. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 1997, 82, 3619.
41. Mason, G.R.; Peters, A.M.; Bagdades, E.; Myers, M.J.; Snook, D.; Hughes, J.M. Clin. Sci., 2001, 100, 231.
42. Nolop, K.B.; Maxwell, D.L.; Fleming, J.S.; Braude, S.; Hughes, J.M.; Royston, D. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis., 1987, 136, 1112.
43. Henry, R.R.; Mudaliar, S.; Howland, W.C.3rd; Chu, N.; Kim, D.; An, B.; Reinhardt, R.R. Diabetes Care, 2003, 26, 764.
44. Braden, G.L.; Germain, M.J.; Mulhern, J.G.; Hafer, J.G.Jr; Bria, W.F. Chest, 1998, 114, 380.
45. Creager, M.A.; Liang, C.S.; Coffman, J.D. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 1985, 235, 709.
46. Mannino, D.M.; Homa, D.M.; Akinbami, L.J.; Ford, E.S.; Redd, S.C. MMWR Surveill. Summ., 2002, 51, 1.
47. Pena, V.S.; Miravitlles, M.; Gabriel, R.; Jimenez-Ruiz, C.A.; Villasante, C.; Masa, J.F.; Viejo, J.L.; Fernandez-Fau, L. Chest, 2000, 118, 981.
48. Waterer, G.W.; Wan, J.Y.; Kritchevsky, S.B.; Wunderink, R.G.; Satterfield, S.; Bauer, D.C.; Newman, A.B.; Taaffe, D.R.; Jensen, R.L.; Crapo, R.O. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc., 2001, 49, 1032
49. McElduff, A.; Mather, L.E.; Kam, P.C.; Clauson, P. Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 2005, 59, 546.
50. Camus, P.; Riese, R.J.; Teeter, J.G. Eur. Respir. J., 2006, 28 (Suppl. 50), 737s.
51. Ho, K.K.; Pinsky, J.L.; Kannel, W.B.; Levy, D. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., 1993, 22 (4 Suppl. A), 6A.
52. Cugati, S.; Kifley, A.; Mitchell, P.; Wang, J.J. Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract., 2006 May 20, Epub ahead of print.
53. McDonagh, T.A.; Morrison, C.E.; Lawrence, A.; Ford, I.; Tunstall-Pedoe, H.; McMurray, J.J.; Dargie, H.J. Lancet, 1997, 350, 829.
54. Ruffin, R.E.; Dolovich, M.B.; Wolff, R.K.; Newhouse, M.T. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis., 1978, 117, 485.
55. Labiris, N.R.; Dolovich, M.B. Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 2003, 56, 600.
56. Edwards, D.A.; Hanes, J.; Caponetti, G.; Hrkach, J.; Ben-Jebria, A.; Eskew, M.L.; Mintzes, J.; Deaver, D.; Lotan, N.; Langer, R. Science, 1997, 276, 1868.
57. Patton, J.S. Chemtech., 1997, 27, 34.
58. Laube, B.L. Chest, 2001, 120, 99S.
59. Harsch, I.A. Treat. Endocrinol., 2005, 4, 131.
60. Selam, J.L. Expert Opin. Pharmacother., 2003, 4, 1373.
61. Patton, J.S.; Bukar, J.; Nagarajan, S. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev., 1999, 35, 235.
62. Edwards, D.A.; Ben-Jebria, A.; Langer, R. J. Appl. Physiol., 1998, 85, 379.
63. Kapitza, C.; Heise, T.; Fishman, R.S.; Shapiro, D.A.; Gopalakrishnan, V.; Rave, K.; Bott, S.; Perera, A.D.; Heinemann, L. Diabetes Technol. Ther., 2004, 6, 119.
64. Pfutzner, A.; Mann, A.E.; Steiner, S.S. Diabetes Technol. Ther., 2002, 4, 589.
65. Yamamoto, A.; Tanaka, H.; Okumura, S.; Shinsako, K.; Ito, M.; Yamashita, M.; Okada, N.; Fujita, T.; Muranishi, S. Biol. Pharm. Bull., 2001, 24, 385.
66. Sandler, M.; Bunn, A.; Stewart, R. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis., 1987, 135, 223.
67. Strojek, K.; Ziora, D.; Sroczynski, J.; Oklek, K. Diabetologia, 1992, 35, 1173.
68. Innocenti, F.; Fabbri, A.; Anichini, R.; Tuci, S.; Pettina, G.; Vannucci, F.; De Giorgio, L.A.; Seghieri, G. Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract., 1994, 25, 161.
69. Mori, H.; Okubo, M.; Okamura, M.; Yamane, K.; Kado, S.; Egusa, G.; Hiramoto, T.; Hara, H.; Yamakido, M. Intern. Med., 1992, 31, 189.
70. Ljubic, S.; Metelko, Z. ; Car, N.; Roglic, G.; Drazic, Z. Chest, 1998, 114, 1033.
71. Fuso, L.; Cotroneo, P.; Basso, S.; De Rosa, M.; Manto, A.; Ghirlanda, G.; Pistelli, R. Chest, 1996, 110, 1009.
72. Antonelli Incalzi, R.; Fuso, L.; Giordano, A.; Pitocco, D.; Maiolo, C.; Calcagni, M.L.; Ghirlanda, G. Chest, 2002, 121, 443.
73. Nishimura, M.; Miyamoto, K.; Suzuki, A.; Yamamoto, H.; Tsuji, M.; Kishi, F.; Kawakami, Y. Thorax, 1989, 44, 251.
74. Soler, N.G.; Eagleton, L.E. Diabetes, 1982, 31, 609.
75. Tantucci, C.; Bottini, P.; Fiorani, C.; Dottorini, M.L.; Santeusanio, F.; Provinciali, L.; Sorbini, C.A.; Casacci, G. J. Appl. Physiol., 2001, 90, 889.
76. Longobardi, A.; Fuso, L.; Antonelli Incalzi, R.; Maugeri, L.; Santamaria, A.P.; Pitocco, D.; Basso, S.; Trové, A.; Ghirlanda, G.; Valente, S. Eur. Respir. J., 2005, 26 (Suppl. 49), 66s.
77. Sandler, M. Arch. Intern. Med., 1990, 150, 1385
78. Kaminsky, D.A. Diabetes Care, 2004, 27, 837.
79. Davis, W.A.; Knuiman, M.; Kendall, P.; Grange, V.; Davis, T.M.E. Diabetes Care, 2004, 27, 752.
80. Lange, P.; Groth, S.; Mortensen, J.; Appleyard, M.; Nyboe, J.; Schnohr, P.; Jensen, G. Eur. Respir. J., 1990, 3, 288.
81. Antonelli Incalzi, R.; Fuso, L.; Pitocco, D.; Basso, S.; Trovè, A.; Longobardi, A.; Calcagni, M.L.; Giordano, A.; Ghirlanda, G. Diabetes Metab. Res. Rev., 2006, Oct 2, Epub ahead of print
82. Lange, P.; Parner, J.; Schnohr, P.; Jensen, G. Eur. Respir. J., 2002, 20, 1406.
83. Wadsworth, S.J.; Freyer, A.M.; Corteling, R.L.; Hall, I.P. Am.. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol., 2004, 286, L596.
84. Gosens, R.; Nelemans, S.A.; Hiemstra, M.; Grootte Bromhaar, M.M.; Meurs, H.; Zaagsma, J. Eur. J. Pharmacol., 2003, 481, 125.
85. Heaton, R.W.; Guy, R.J.; Gray, B.J.; Watkins, P.J.; Costello, J.F. Br. Med. J., 1984, 289, 149.
86. Szczeklik, A.; Pieton, R.; Sieradzki, J. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol., 1980, 66, 424.
87. Stromberg, L.G.; Ludvigsson, G.J.; Bjorkstein, B. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol., 1995, 96, 188.
88. Costello, R.W.; Schofield, B.H.; Kephart, G.M.; Gleich, G.J.; Jacoby, D.B.; Fryer, A.D. Am. J. Physiol., 1997, 273, L93.
89. Belmonte, K.E.; Fryer, A.D.; Costello, R.W. J. Appl. Physiol., 1998, 85, 1708.
90. Belmonte, K.E.; Jacoby, D.B.; Fryer, A.D. Br. J. Pharmacol., 1997, 121, 1287.
91. Barman, M.A.; Sandborg, C.I.; Wang, Z.; Imfeld, K.L.; Zaldivar, F.Jr; Dadufalza, V.; Buckingham, B.A. J. Immunol., 1996, 157, 4690.
92. Fowell, D.; Mason, D. J. Exp. Med., 1993, 177, 627.
93. Yki-Jarvinen, H.; Utriainen, T. Diabetologia, 1998, 41, 369.
94. Steinberg, H.O.; Baron, A.D. Diabetologia, 2002, 45, 623.
95. Baron, A.D.; Brechtel-Hook, G.; Johnson, A.; Cronin, J.; Leaming, R.; Steinberg, H.O. Am. J. Physiol., 1996, 271, E1067.
96. Tack, C.J.; Lutterman, J.A.; Vervoort, G.; Thien, T.; Smits, P. Hypertension, 1996, 28, 426.
97. Laakso, M.; Edelman, S.V.; Brechtel, G.; Baron, A.D. Diabetes, 1992, 41, 1076.
98. Niranjan, V.; McBrayer, D.G.; Ramirez, L.C.; Raskin, P.; Hsia, C.C.W. Am. J. Med., 1997, 103, 504.
99. Guazzi, M.; Oreglia, I.; Guazzi, M.D. Diabetes Care, 2002, 25, 1802.
100. Kim, J.A.; Montagnani, M.; Koh, K.K.; Quon, M.J. Circulation, 2006, 113, 1888.
101. Matthay, M.A.; Folkesson, H.G.; Verkman, A.S. Am. J. Physiol., 1996, 270, L487.
102. Wang, Y.; Folkesson, H.G.; Jayr, C.; Ware, L.B.; Matthay, M.A. J. Appl. Physiol., 1999, 87, 1852.
103. Moens, A.L.; Goovaerts, I.; Claeys, M.J.; Vrints, C.J. Chest, 2005, 127, 2254.
104. Benjamin, E.J.; Larson, M.G.; Keyes, M.J.; Mitchell, G.F.; Vasan, R.S.; Keaney, J.F.Jr; Lehman, B.T.; Fan, S.; Osypiuk, E.; Vita, J.A. Circulation, 2004, 109, 613.
105. Lange, P.; Klioze, S.; Foyr, H.; Ogawa, M.; St Aubin, L.; Daggan, W.; Riese, R.J.; Teeter, J.G. Eur. Respir. J., 2006, 28 (Suppl. 50), 742s.
106. Scichilone, N.; Messina, M.; Battaglia, S.; Catalano, F.; Bellia, V. Eur. Respir. J., 2005, 25, 364.
107. Teeter, J.G.; Riese, R.J. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., 2006, 173, 1194.
108. Quattrin, T.; Belanger, A.; Bohannon, N.J.; Schwartz, S.L. Exubera Phase III Study Group. Diabetes Care, 2004, 27, 2622
109. Hermansen, K.; Ronnemaa, T.; Petersen, A.H.; Bellaire, S.; Adamson, U. Diabetes Care, 2004, 27, 162.
110. Gibson, G.J. Eur. Respir. Mon., 2000, 14, 15.
111. Cefalu, W.T.; Skyler, J.S.; Kourides, I.A.; Landschulz, W.H.; Balagtas, C.C.; Cheng, S.; Gelfand, R.A.; Inhaled Insulin Study Group. Ann. Intern. Med., 2001, 134, 203.
112. Skyler, J.S.; Weinstock, R.S.; Raskin, P.; Yale, J.F.; Barrett, E.; Gerich, J.E.; Gerstein, H.C. Inhaled Insulin Phase III Type 1 Diabetes Study Group. Diabetes Care, 2005, 28, 1630.
113. Antonelli Incalzi, R.; Corsonello, A.; Pedone, C.; Corica, F.; Carbonin, P.; Bernabei R. on Behalf of the GIFA Investigators. Chest, 2005, 127, 830.
114. Celli, B.R.; MacNee, W.; ATS/ERS Task Force. Eur. Respir. J., 2004, 23, 932.
115. Sha, S.; Becker, R.H.A.; Willavise, S.A. Diabetes, 2002, 51 (Suppl. 2), A133.
116. Rave, K.; Bott, S.; Heinemann, L.; Sha, S.; Becker, R.H.A.; Willavize, S.A.; Heise, T. Diabetes Care, 2005, 28, 1077.
117. Fishman, R.S.; Guinta, D.; Chambers, F. Diabetes, 2000, 49 (Suppl. 1), A9.
118. Chien, J.Y.; Wise, S.D.; Sathirakul, K. Diabetologia, 2001, 44 (Suppl. 2), A211.
119. Heinemann, L.; Klappoth, W.; Rave, K.; Hompesch, B.; Linkeschowa, R.; Heise T. Diabetes Care, 2000, 23, 1343.
120. Brunner, G.A.; Balent, B.; Ellmerer, M.; Schaupp, L.; Siebenhofer, A.; Jendle, J.H.; Okikawa, J.; Pieber, T.R. Diabetologia, 2001, 44, 305.
121. Hompesch, M.; Kapitza, C.; Scharling, B. Diabetologia, 2001, 44 (Suppl. 2) A212.
122. Kipnes, M.; Otulana, B.; Okikawa, J. Diabetologia, 2000, 43 (Suppl. 2) A202.
123. Gelfand, R.A.; Schwartz, S.; Horton, M. Diabetes, 1998, 47 (Suppl.1) A99.
124. Henry, R.R.; Mudaliar, R.S.D.; Chu, N. Diabetes, 2002, 51 (Suppl. 2) A129.
125. Perera, A.D.; Kapitza, C.; Nosek, L.; Fishman, R.S.; Shapiro, D.A.; Heise, T.; Heinemann L. Diabetes Care, 2002, 25, 2276.
126. Rave, K.M,; Heise, T.; Pfutzner, A. Diabetes, 2000, 49 (Suppl. 1), A75.
127. Heinemann, L.; Traut, T.; Heise, T. Diabet. Med., 1997, 14, 63.
128. Kim, D.; Mudaliar, S.; Plodkowski, R.; Perera, A.; Fishman, R.; Shapiro, D.; Henry, R. Diabetes, 2002, 51 (Suppl. 2), A47.
129. Heinemann, L.; Heise, T.; Wahl, L.C.; Trautmann M.E.; Ampudia, J.; Starke, A.A.; Berger, M. Diabet. Med., 1996, 13, 625.
130. Van Haeften, T.W.; Bolli, G.B.; Dimitriadis, G.D.; Gottesman, I.S.; Horwitz, D.L.; Gerich, J.E. Metabolism, 1986, 35, 649.
131. Francis, A.J.; Hanning, I.; Alberti, K.G. Diabetologia, 1985, 28, 330
132. Davidson, J.K.; DeBra, D.W. Diabetes, 1978, 27, 307
133. Peters, A.; Klose, O.; Hefty, R.; Keck, F.; Kerner, W. Diabet. Med., 1995, 12, 925.
134. Van Haeften, T.W.; Heiling, V.J.; Gerich, J.E. Diabetes, 1987, 36, 305
135. Wredling, R.; Lins, P.E.; Adamson, U. Scand. J. Clin. Lab. Invest., 1990, 50, 551.
136. Van Haeften, T.W.; Krom, B.A.; Gerich, J.E. Diabetes Care, 1987, 10, 160.
137. Eguchi, Y.; Uchigata, Y.; Yao, K.; Yokoyama, H.; Hirata, Y.; Omori, Y. Autoimmunity, 1994, 19, 279.
138. Redmon, B.; Pyzdrowski, K.L.; Elson, M.K.; Kay, N.E.; Dalmasso, A.P.; Nuttall, F.Q. N. Engl. J. Med., 1992, 326, 994
139. Fineberg, S.; Kawabata, T.; Finco-Kent, D.; Liu, C.; Krasner, A. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 2005, 90, 3287.
140. Heise, T.; Bott, S.; Tusek, C.; Stephan, J.A.; Kawabata, T.; Finco-Kent, D.; Liu, C.; Krasner, A. Diabetes Care, 2005, 28, 2161.
141. Adamson, U.; Ronnemaa, T.; Petersen, A.H.; Hermansen, K. Diabetologia, 2002, 45 (Suppl. 2), A255.
142. Olsen, C.L.; Chan, E.; Turner, D.S.; Iravani, M.; Nagy, M.; Selam, J.L.; Wong, N.D.; Waxman, K.; Charles, M.A. Diabetes Care, 1994, 17, 169.
143. Jeandidier, N.; Boullu, S.; Busch-Brafin, M.S.; Chabrier, G.; Sapin, R.; Gasser, F.; Pinget, M. Diabetes Care, 2002, 25, 84.