Analyzing printed media travelogues: Means and purposes with reference to framing destination image

Tourism, Culture and Communication

Volumn 7, Issue 2, 2007, Pages 85-97

  Pan, Steve ^a   Ryan, Chris ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WAIKATO   (New Zealand)

Author keywords

Cross culture understanding; Destination image; Framing; New Zealand; Travelogue

Indexed keywords

EID: 34248379707     PISSN: 1098304X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3727/109830407780339017     Document Type: Article

References (85)

1. Alderson, J. W. (1988). Confessions of a travel writer. Columbia Journalism Review, 27(2), 27-28.
2. Armstrong, E. K. (2004). Analysis of travel writing enhances student learning in a theoretical tourism subject. Journal of Teaching in Travel & Tourism, 4(2), 45-60.
3. Austin, E. (1999). All expenses paid: Exploring the ethical swamp of travel writing. The Washington Monthly, 37(7/8), 8-11.
4. Ball, M. (2003, January 26). Time to punt. The Times-Picayune, pp. 1, 3.
5. Baloglu, S., & Brinberg, D. (1997). Affective images of tourism destinations. Journal of Travel Research, 35(4), 11-15.
6. Barber, D. (2004, May 2). Whale of a time in land of Kiwi. Sunday Tasmania, p. 43.
7. Barber, L. (2002, May 26). Just the spot... for jumping off a cliff. The Observer, pp. 2-3.
8. Bates, D. G., & Plog, F. (1990). Cultural anthropology. New York: McGraw-Hill.
9. Belvero, G., & Kikuchi, T. (2003, December). Kiwi tranquility. WestEast Magazine, 174-177.
10. Brady, S. (1999). Using a travelogue to learn a region. The Journal of Geography, 98(2), 79-85.
11. Cheong, S.-M., & Miller, M. L. (2000). Power and tourism: A Foucauldian observation. Annals of Tourism Research, 27(2), 371-390.
12. Cintrat, I., Massau, M., Barreiro, C. M., & Soares, L. (1996). Travel writing. Language, Culture and Curriculum, 9(1), 35-50.
13. Clynes, T., & Gamba, M. (2002, December). Sir Ed's fantasy island: Trek among the Maori gods. National Geographic Adventure, 62-65.
14. Croy, W. G. (2004). Teaching tourism, image and media relationships. Paper presented at The First International Tourism and Media Conference, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, November 24-26.
15. Dann, G. M. S. (1992). Travelogues and the management of unfamiliarity. Journal of Travel Research, 30(4), 59-63.
16. Dann, G. M. S. (2000). Differentiating destinations in the language of tourism: Harmless hype or promotional irresponsibility? Tourism Recreation Research, 25(2), 63-75.
17. Dann, G. M. S., & Jacobsen, J. K. S. (2003). Tourism smellscapes. Tourism Geographies, 5(1), 3-25.
18. Davis, J., & Miller, M. L. (1999). Travel writers as power brokers: Testimonies from the front lines of marine tourism. Paper presented at the 1999 International Symposium on Coastal and Marine Tourism: Balancing Tourism and Conservation, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, April 26-29.
19. Elder, B. (2003, January 18). Running hot. Age Saturday, p. 11.
20. Eliot, A. (1994). A cure for skepticism about travel journalism. Editor & Publisher, 127(46), 56-57.
21. Encyclopedia Britannica. (2001). Encyclopedia Britannica 2001 Standard Edition [CD-ROM]. North Sydney, NSW: Encyclopedia Britannica Australia.
22. Entman, R. M. (1993). Framing: Toward clarification of a fractured paradigm. Journal of Communication, 43(4), 51-58.
23. Entman, R. M. (2003). Cascading activation: Contesting the White House's frame after 9/11. Political Communication, 20(4), 415-432.
24. Fairhurst, G. T., & Sarr, R. A. (1996). The art of framing: Managing the language of leadership. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
25. Fairweather, J. R., & Swaffield, S. R. (2003). Tourist experiences of landscape in New Zealand: Themes from three case studies. Tourism, Culture & Communication, 4(2), 57-70.
26. Foucault, M. (1978). The history of sexuality: Volume I: An introduction. New York: Vintage Books.
27. Frame Works Institute. (2004). The FrameWorks perspective: Strategic frame analysis. Retrieved May 18, 2004, from http://www.frameworksinstitute. org
28. Fursich, E., & Kavoori, A. P. (2001). Mapping a critical framework for the study of travel journalism. International Journal of Cultural Studies, 4(2), 149-171.
29. Galasinski, D., & Jaworski, A. (2003). Representations of hosts in travel writing: The Guardian Travel Section. Tourism and Cultural Change, 1(2), 131-149.
30. Gamson, W. A., & Modigliani, A. (1989). Media discourse and public opinion: A constructionist approach. American Journal of Sociology, 95(1), 1-37.
31. Gartner, W. C. (1989). Tourism image: Attribute measurement of state tourism products using multidimensional scaling techniques. Journal of Travel Research, 28(2), 16-20.
32. Gartner, W. C. (1993). Image formation process. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 2(2/3), 191-215.
33. Gladwell, N. J., & Wolff, R. M. (1989). An assessment of the effectiveness of press kits as a tourism promotion tool. Journal of Travel Research, 29, 49-52.
34. Godwin, N. (2003, September 22). Napier, NZ: Visiting the world's 'art deco capital.' Napier: From Maori culture to station stays. Travel Weekly, 66-68.
35. Goodrich, J. N. (1978). A new approach to image analysis through multidimensional scaling. Journal of Travel Research, 16(3), 3-7.
36. Graburn, N. (1995). The past in the present in Japan: nostalgia and neo-traditionalism in contemporary Japanese domestic tourism. In R. Butler & D. Pearce (Eds.), Change in tourism. People, places, processes (pp. 4770). London: Routledge.
37. Hay, P. (2003, February 8). Welcome to the underworld. Weekend Australian, p. 2.
38. Hendrix, S. (2004, April 4). The best place on any earth. New Zealand: Familiar, with a twist. Washington Post, pp. 2, 7, 8.
39. Horne, D. (1992). The intelligent tourist. McMahons Points, NSW: Margaret Gee.
40. Houghton, D. (2003, November 1). Monster holiday: From beasts of the deep to the Godzone. The Courier-Mail, pp. 1, 4, 5.
41. Jackson, A. (2000). Searching for a writer's character in travelogues. Exercise Exchange, 45(2), 20-23.
42. Kaldjian, P. (2002). Reviews: The best American travel writing. The Journal of Geography, 101(4), 179-180.
43. Kelly, I. (1998). Travelogues: A tourism education resource. In C. Fauklner, C. Tideswell, & D. Weaver (Eds.), Progress in tourism and hospitality research (pp. 623-633). Canberra: Bureau of Tourism Research.
44. Koc, E. (2002). The impact of gender in marketing communications: The role of cognitive and affective cues. Journal of Marketing Communications, 8(4), 257-275.
45. MacCannell, D. (2001). Tourist agency. Tourist Studies, 1(1), 23-37.
46. Macdowall, I. (1992). REUTERS handbook for journalists. Oxford, UK: Butterworth-Heinemann.
47. Marshall, A. (2003, March 30). On a roll in NZ. Sun Herald, p. 1.
48. Matthews, N. (2002, June). Have pass, will travel. Travel Holiday, 43.
49. Maxa, R. (2003, March). Savoring the culture and cuisine of the newest hot place to visit. Rudy Maxa's Traveler, 1, 1-2.
50. McCabe, C. (2003, March 22-23). Lording it. Weekend Australian, pp. 26-27.
51. McGregor, A. (2000). Dynamic tests and tourist gaze: Death, bones and buffalo. Annals of Tourism Research, 27(1), 27-50.
52. Morgan, N., & Pritchard, A. (1998). Tourism promotion and power: Creating images, creating identities. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
53. Newcombe, R. (2000). Writing for UK travel magazines. Retrieved July 7, 2005, from http://www.writing-world.com/international/UKtravel.shtml O'Conghaile, P. (2003, July 5). Falling for New Zealand. Irish Independent Weekend.
54. Pan, Z., & Kosicki, G. M. (1993). Framing analysis: An approach to news discourse. Political Communication, 10(1), 55-75.
55. Pike, S. (2003). The use of repertory grid analysis to elicit salient short-break holiday destination attributes in New Zealand. Journal of Travel Research, 41(3), 315-319.
56. Potts, R. (2000). Storming the beach. In B. Bryson (Ed.), The best American travel writing (pp. 171-188). New York: Houghton Mifflin.
57. Pritchard, A., & Morgan, N. (1996). Selling the Celtic Arc to the USA: A comparative analysis of the destination brochure images used in the marketing of Ireland, Scotland and Wales. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 2(4), 346-365.
58. Rubin, R. (2003, November/December). Culture, kiwis, and Icings. Endless Vacations, 54-57.
59. Ryan, C. (2000). Tourist experience, phenomenographic analysis, post-positivism and neural network software. International Journal of Tourism Research, 2(2), 119-131.
60. Ryan, G. W., & Bernard, H. R. (2003). Techniques to identify themes. Field Methods, 15(1), 85-109.
61. Said, E. W. (1978). Orientalism. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
62. Sallot, L. M., Steinfatt, T. M., & Salwen, M. B. (1998). Journalists' and public relations practitioners' news values: Perceptions and cross-perceptions. Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly, 75(2), 366-377.
63. Santos, C. A. (2004a). Framing Portugal: Representational dynamics. Annals of Tourism Research, 31(1), 122-138.
64. Santos, C. A. (2004b). Perception and interpretation of leisure travel articles. Leisure Sciences, 26, 393-410.
65. Sawyer, M. (2001, March 4). Boiling point as ancient collides with modem. The Observer, pp. 12-13.
66. Scarles, C. (2004). Mediating landscapes. Tourist Studies, 4(1), 43-67.
67. Seligman, M. (1990). Travel writers' expenses: Who should pay. The Public Relations Journal, 46(5), 27-34.
68. Sinclair, C. (2003, Winter). Are we there yet? Traveltalk West Coast, 32-34.
69. Sinclair, J. M. (Ed.). (2001). English dictionary for advanced learners (3rd ed.). Glasgow, UK: HaperCollins.
70. Stubseid, A. S. K. (1993). Travelogues as indices of the past. Journal of Popular Culture, 26(4), 89-100.
71. Swick, T. (1999). Anti travel journalism. Retrieved May 8, 2004, from http://www.english.upenn.edu/Travel99/Abstracts/swick.html
72. Swick, T. (2001). Roads not taken. Columbia Journalism Review, 40(1), 65-67.
73. Tankard, J. W. (2003). The empirical approach to the study of media framing. In S. Reese, O. Gandy, & A. Grant (Eds.), Framing public life: Perspectives on media and our understanding of the social world (pp. 95-106). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
74. Tanner, M., & Grant, P. (2001, April 28). Pot-plant city limits. The Independent, pp. 1-2.
75. Tourism Research Council. (2003). Understanding the dynamics of New Zealand tourism. Retrieved July 26, 2004, from http://www.trcnz.govt.nz/ surveys/international+visitor+arrivals/
76. Travel Publications Update. (2005). Guideline gleanings: Tips from editors to make your articles better. Retrieved July 7, 2005, from http://main.travelwriters.com/writ ers/writing_tips/index.asp
77. Tribe, J. (1999). The concept of tourism: Framing a wide tourism world and broad tourism society. Tourism Recreation Research, 24(2), 75-81.
78. Urry, J. (2002). The tourist gaze (2nd ed.). London: Sage.
79. Wang, N. (2000). Tourism and modernity: A sociological analysis. Oxford: Pergamon.
80. Ward, S. V., & Gold, J. R. (1994). Introduction. In J. R. Gold & S. V. Ward (Eds.), Place promotion: The use of publicity and marketing to sell towns and regions (pp. 1-17). Chichester, UK: Wiley.
81. Weaver, D., & Oppermann, M. (2000). Tourism management. Milton, Queensland: John Wiley & Sons Australia.
82. Wickers, D. (2003, February 9). The crest of a wave. The Sunday Times, p. 11.
83. Wilson, J. (2000). Foreword: Why travel stories matter. In B. Bryson (Ed.), The best American travel writing 2000 (pp. xi-xvii). Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
84. Woodside, A. G., & Lysonski, S. (1989). A general model of traveller destination choice. Journal of Travel Research, 27(4), 8-14.
85. Zeppel, H. (1999). Touring aboriginal cultures: Encounters with aboriginal people in Australian travelogues. Tourism, Culture & Communication, 2, 123-139.