Magnetic resonance imaging of adnexal masses

Topics in Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Volumn 17, Issue 6, 2006, Pages 379-397

  Rajkotia, Kavita ^a   Veeramani, Murugusundaram ^b   Macura, Katarzyna J ^a  

^a JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b Medical Imaging   (United States)

Author keywords

Benign adnexal mass; Magnetic resonance imaging; Malignant adnexal mass

Indexed keywords

ANDROBLASTOMA; CELL TYPE; CHORIOCARCINOMA; CLEAR CELL CARCINOMA; CYSTADENOCARCINOMA; DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY; DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS; DYSGERMINOMA; ECTOPIC PREGNANCY; EMBRYONAL CARCINOMA; ENDOMETRIOID CARCINOMA; ENDOMETRIOSIS; ENDOMETRIUM TUMOR; FEMALE GENITAL SYSTEM; FIBROMA; FOLLICLE CYST; GONADOBLASTOMA; GRANULOSA CELL TUMOR; HISTOPATHOLOGY; HUMAN; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; OVARIAN BLEEDING; OVARY CANCER; OVARY DISEASE; PELVIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASE; PERITONEUM CANCER; POSTMENOPAUSE; PREGNANT WOMAN; PREMENOPAUSE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; SIGNAL NOISE RATIO; STROMA CELL; TERATOMA; THECOMA; UTERUS MYOMA; YOLK SAC TUMOR;

ADNEXA UTERI; ADNEXAL DISEASES; FEMALE; HUMANS; IMAGE ENHANCEMENT; MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; PHYSICIAN'S PRACTICE PATTERNS;

EID: 34248155221     PISSN: 08993459     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/RMR.0b013e3180417d8e     Document Type: Review

References (90)

1. Hilger WS, Magrina JF, Magtibay PM. Laparoscopic management of the adnexal mass. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 2006;49:535-548.
2. Jeong Y, Outwater EK, Kang HK. Imaging evaluation of ovarian masses. Radiographics. 2000;20:1445-1470.
3. Sohaib SA, Mills TD, Sahdev A, et al. The role of magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound in patients with adnexal masses. Clin Radiol. 2005;60:340-348.
4. Memarzadeh S, Berek JS. Advances in the management of epithelial ovarian cancer. J Reprod Med. 2001;46:621-629.
5. Gostout BS, Brewer MA. Guidelines for referral of the patient with an adnexal mass. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 2006;49:448-458.
6. Antoniou A, Pharoah PDP, Narod S, et al. Average risks of breast and ovarian cancer associated with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations detected in case series unselected for family history: a combined analysis of 22 studies. Am J Hum Genet. 2003;72:1117-1130.
7. Tamai K, Koyama T, Saga T, et al. MR features of physiologic and benign conditions of the ovary. Eur Radiol. 2006;16:2700-2711.
8. Outwater EK, Mitchell DG. Normal ovaries and functional cysts: MR appearance. Radiology. 1996;198:397-402.
9. Wulff C, Dickson SE, Duncan WC, et al. Angiogenesis in the human corpus luteum: simulated early pregnancy by HCG treatment is associated with both angiogenesis and vessel stabilization. Hum Reprod. 2001;16:2515-2524.
10. Feeley KM, Wells M. Precursor lesions of ovarian epithelial malignancy. Histopathology. 2001;38:87-95.
11. DeSouza NM, O'Neill R, McIndoe GA, et al. Borderline tumors of the ovary: CT and MR imaging features and tumor markers in differentiation from stage I disease. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2005;184:999-1003.
12. Bell DA. Origins and molecular pathology of ovarian cancer. Mod Pathol. 2005;18:S19-S32.
13. Funt SA, Hann LE. Detection and characterization of adnexal masses. Radiol Clin North Am. 2002;40:591-608.
14. Funt SA, Hricak H. Ovarian malignancies. Top Magn Reson Imaging. 2003;14:329-338
15. Sala EJS, Atri M. Magnetic resonance imaging of benign adnexal disease. Top Magn Reson Imaging. 2003;14:305-328.
16. Young JL Jr, Cheng Wu X, Roffers SD, et al. Ovarian cancer in children and young adults in the United States, 1992Y1997. Cancer. 2003;97:2694-2700.
17. Rim SY, Kim SM, Choi HS. Malignant transformation of ovarian mature cystic teratoma. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2006;16:140-144.
18. Pretorius ES, Outwater EK, Hunt JL, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging of the ovary. Top Magn Reson Imaging. 2001;12:131-146.
19. Okamura H, Katabuchi H. Detailed morphology of human ovarian surface epithelium focusing on its metaplastic and neoplastic capability. Ital J Anat Embryol. 2001;106:263-276.
20. Stevens SK, Hricak H, Stern JL. Ovarian lesions: detection and characterization with gadolinium-enhanced MR imaging at 1.5 T. Radiology. 1991;181:481-488.
21. Saini A, Dina R, McIndoe G. Characterization of adnexal masses with MR imaging. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2005;184:1004-1009.
22. Reuter M, Steffens J, Schuppler U, et al. Critical evaluation of the specificity of MR imaging and TVUS for differentiation of malignant from benign adnexal lesions. Eur Radiol. 1998;8:39-44.
23. Roth LM, Talerman A. Recent advances in the pathology and classification of ovarian germ cell tumors. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2006;25:305-320.
24. Komatsu T, Konishi I, Mandai M, et al. Adnexal masses: transvaginal US and gadolinium-enhanced MR imaging assessment of intratumoral structure. Radiology. 1996;198:109-115.
25. Siegelman ES, Outwater EK. Tissue characterization in the female pelvis by means of MR imaging. Radiology. 1999;212:5-18.
26. Kurtz AB, Tsimikas JV, Tempany CMC, et al. Diagnosis and staging of ovarian cancer: comparative values of Doppler and conventional US, CT, and MR imaging correlated with surgery and histopathologic analysis - report of the Radiology Diagnostic Oncology Group. Radiology. 1999;212:19-27.
27. Yamashita Y, Torashima M, Hatanaka Y, et al. Adnexal masses: accuracy of characterization with transvaginal US and precontrast and postcontrast MR imaging. Radiology. 1995;194:557-565.
28. Hricak H, Chen M, Coakley FV, et al. Complex adnexal masses: detection and characterization with MR imaging-multivariate analysis. Radiology. 2000;214:39-46.
29. Kim KA, Park CM, Lee JH, et al. Benign ovarian tumors with solid and cystic components that mimic malignancy. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2004;182:1259-1265.
30. Togashi K. MR imaging of the ovaries: normal appearance and benign disease. Radiol Clin North Am. 2003;41:799-811.
31. Outwater EK, Talerman A, Dunton C. Normal adnexa uteri specimens: anatomic basis of MR imaging features. Radiology. 1996;201:751-755.
32. Kishimoto K, Ito K, Awaya H, et al. Paraovarian cyst: MR imaging features. Abdom Imaging. 2002;27:685-689.
33. Jain KA. Imaging of peritoneal inclusion cysts. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2000;174:1559-1563.
34. Levine CD, Patel UJ, Ghanekar D, et al. Benign extraovarian mimics of ovarian cancer. Distinction with imaging studies. Clin Imaging. 1997;21:350-358.
35. Outwater EK, Siegelman ES, Chiowanich P, et al. Dilated fallopian tubes: MR imaging characteristics. Radiology. 1998;208:463-469.
36. Tukeva TA, Aronen HJ, Karjalainen PT, et al. MR imaging in pelvic inflammatory disease: comparison with laparoscopy and US. Radiology. 1999;210:209-216.
37. Ueda H, Togashi K, Kataoka ML, et al. Adnexal masses caused by pelvic inflammatory disease: MR appearance. Magn Reson Med Sci. 2002;1:207-215.
38. Dohke M, Watanabe Y, Okumura A, et al. Comprehensive MR imaging of acute gynecologic diseases. Radiographics. 2000;20:1551-1566.
39. Togashi K, Nakai A, Sugimura K. Anatomy and physiology of the female pelvis: MR imaging revisited. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2001;13:842-849.
40. Nishino M, Hayakawa K, Iwasaku K, et al. MR imaging of ovarian hemorrhage. Eur J Radiol. 2004;51:34-40.
41. Siegel MJ. Magnetic resonance imaging of the adolescent female pelvis. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2002;10:303-324.
42. Woodward PJ, Sohaey R, Mezzetti TP Jr. Endometriosis: radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 2001;21:193-216.
43. Kinkel K, Frei KA, Balleyguier C, et al. Diagnosis of endometriosis with imaging: a review. Eur Radiol. 2006;16:285-298.
44. Togashi K, Nishimura K, Kimura I, et al. Endometrial cysts: diagnosis with MR imaging. Radiology. 1991;180:73-78.
45. Outwater EK, Dunton CJ. Imaging of the ovary and adnexa: clinical issues and applications of MR imaging. Radiology. 1995;194:1-18.
46. Togashi K, Nishimura K, Kimura I, et al. Endometrial cysts: diagnosis with MR imaging. Radiology. 1991;180:73-78.
47. Tanaka YO, Yoshizako T, Nishida M, et al. Ovarian carcinoma in patients with endometriosis: MR imaging findings. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2000;175:1423-1430.
48. Rha SE, Byun JY, Jung SE, et al. CT and MR imaging features of adnexal torsion. Radiographics. 2002;22:283-294.
49. Van Kerkhove F, Cannie M, Op de Beeck K, et al. Ovarian torsion in a premenarcheal girl: MR imaging findings. Abdom Imaging 2006. Available at: http://www.springerlink.com/content/h765450201118837/fulltext.html. Accessed November 23, 2006.
50. Chiang G, Levine D. Imaging of adnexal masses in pregnancy. J Ultrasound Med. 2004;23:805-819.
51. Yoshigi J, Yashiro N, Kinoshita T, et al. Diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy with MR Iimaging: efficacy of T2*-weighted imaging. Magn Reson Med Sci. 2006;5:25-32.
52. Kataoka ML, Togashi K, Kobayashi H, et al. Evaluation of ectopic pregnancy by magnetic resonance imaging. Hum Reprod. 1999;14:2644-2650.
53. Filhastre M, Dechaud H, Lesnik A, et al. Interstitial pregnancy: role of MR imaging. Eur Radiol. 2005;15:93-95.
54. Nagayama M, Watanabe Y, Okumura A, et al. Fast MR imaging in obstetrics. Radiographics. 2002;22:563-582.
55. Nishino M, Hayakawa K, Iwasaku K, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging findings in gynecologic emergencies. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2003;27:564-570.
56. Nishino M, Hayakawa K, Kawamata K, et al. MR imaging of early unruptured ectopic pregnancy: detection of gestational sac. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2002;26:134-137.
57. Kubik-Huch RA. Female pelvis. Eur Radiol. 1999;9:1715-1721.
58. Hamm B, Kubik-Huch RA, Fleige B. MR imaging and CT of the female pelvis: radiologic-pathologic correlation. Eur Radiol. 1999;9:3-15.
59. Kim JC, Kim SS, Park JY. "Bridging vascular sign" in the MR diagnosis of exophytic uterine leiomyoma. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2000;24:57-60.
60. Pui MH, Wang QY, Xu B, et al. MR imaging of gynecological neoplasm. Clin Imaging. 2004;28:143-152.
61. Jung SE, Lee JM, Rha SE, et al. CT and MR Imaging of ovarian tumors with emphasis on differential diagnosis. Radiographics. 2002;22:1305-1325.
62. Tanaka YO, Nishida M, Kurosaki Y, et al. Differential diagnosis of gynaecological "stained glass" tumors on MR imaging. Br J Radiol. 1999;72:414-420.
63. Wagner BJ, Buck JL, Seidman JD, et al. From the archives of the AFIP. Ovarian epithelial neoplasms: radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 1994;14:1351-1374.
64. Outwater EK, Siegelman ES, Hunt JL. Ovarian teratomas: tumor types and imaging characteristics. Radiographics. 2001;21:475-490.
65. Fielding JR. MR imaging of the female pelvis. Radiol Clin North Am. 2003;41:179-192.
66. Jung SE, Rha SE, Lee JM, et al. CT and MR imaging findings of sex cordYstromal tumor of the ovary. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2005;185:207-215.
67. Tanaka YO, Tsunoda H, Kitagawa Y. Functioning ovarian tumors: direct and indirect findings at MR imaging. Radiographics. 2004;24:147-166.
68. Schwartz RK, Levine D, Hatabu H, et al. Ovarian fibroma: findings by contrast-enhanced MR imaging. Abdom Imaging. 1997;22:535-537.
69. Takeuchi M, Matsuzaki K, Kusaka M, et al. Ovarian cystadenofibromas: characteristic magnetic resonance findings with pathologic correlation. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2003;27:871-873.
70. Outwater EK, Siegelman ES, Kim B, et al. Ovarian Brenner tumors: MR imaging characteristics. Magn Reson Imaging. 1998;16:1147-1153.
71. Moon WJ, Koh BH, Kim SK, et al. Brenner tumor of the ovary: CT and MR findings. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2000;24:72-76.
72. Tanaka YO, Nishida M, Yamaguchi M, et al. MR imaging of gynaecological solid masses. Clin Radiol. 2000;55:899-911.
73. Torricelli P, Caruso Lombardi A, Boselli F, et al. Sclerosing stromal tumor of the ovary: US, CT, and MR imaging findings. Abdom Imaging. 2002;27:588-591.
74. Outwater EK, Huang AB, Dunton CJ, et al. Papillary projections in ovarian neoplasms: appearance on MR imaging. J Magn Reson Imaging. 1997;7:689-695.
75. Szklaruk J, Tamm EP, Choi H, et al. MR imaging of common and uncommon large pelvic masses. Radiographics. 2003;23:403-424.
76. Matsuoka Y, Ohtomo K, Araki T, et al. MR imaging of clear cell carcinoma of the ovary. Eur Radiol. 2001;11:946-951.
77. Brammer HM 3rd, Buck JL, Hayes WS, et al. From the archives of the AFIP. Malignant germ cell tumors of the ovary: radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 1990;10:715-724.
78. Imaoka I, Wada A, Kaji Y, et al. Developing an MR imaging strategy for diagnosis of ovarian masses. Radiographics. 2006;26:1431-1448.
79. Yamaoka T, Togashi K, Koyama T, et al. Yolk sac tumor of the ovary: radiologic-pathologic correlation in four cases. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2000;24:605-609.
80. Kim SH, Kim SH. Granulosa cell tumor of the ovary: common findings and unusual appearances on CT and MR. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2002;26:756-761.
81. Outwater EK, Wagner BJ, Mannion C, et al. Sex cordYstromal and steroid cell tumors of the ovary. Radiographics. 1998;18:1523-1546.
82. Kim SH, Kim WH, Park KJ, et al. CT and MR findings of Krukenberg tumors: comparison with primary ovarian tumors. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 1996;20:393-398.
83. Chang WC, Meux MD, Yeh BM, et al. CT and MR imaging of adnexal masses in patients with primary nonovarian malignancy. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2006;186:1039-1045.
84. Lee SI. Radiological reasoning: imaging characterization of bilateral adnexal masses. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2006;187:460-466.
85. Adusumilli S, Hussain HK, Caoili EM, et al. MR imaging of sonographically indeterminate adnexal masses. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2006;187:732-740.
86. Chang SD, Cooperberg PL, Wong AD, et al. Limited-sequence magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of the ultrasonographically indeterminate pelvic mass. Can Assoc Radiol J. 2004;55:87-95.
87. Foshager MC, Hood LL, Walsh JW. Masses simulating gynecologic diseases at CT and MR imaging. Radiographics. 1996;16:1085-1099.
88. Bazot M, Nassar-Slaba J, Thomassin-Naggara I, et al. MR imaging compared with intraoperative frozen-section examination for the diagnosis of adnexal tumors: correlation with final histology. Eur Radiol. 2006;16:2687-2699.
89. Sohaib SA, Sahdev A, Van Trappen P, et al. Characterization of adnexal mass lesions on MR imaging. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2003;180:1297-1304.
90. Brown MA, Sirlin CB. Female pelvis. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2005;13:381-395.