Biogeographic patterns of the East African coastal forest vertebrate fauna

Biodiversity and Conservation

Volumn 16, Issue 4, 2007, Pages 883-912

  Azeria, Ermias T ^a,f   Sanmartín, Isabel ^b   Ås, Stefan ^b   Carlson, Allan ^a,c   Burgess, Neil ^d,e  

^a SWEDISH UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES   (Sweden)

^b UPPSALA UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

^c WWF Sweden   (Sweden)

^d WWF USA Conservation Science Programme ^*  (United States)

^e UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE   (United Kingdom)

^f MCMASTER UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

Altitude; Biogeography; Conservation; East Africa coastal forests; Fragmentation; Isolation; Parsimony analysis of distributions; Relict fauna; Species area relationship

Indexed keywords

ALTITUDINAL ZONATION; CONSERVATION MANAGEMENT; ENDEMIC SPECIES; FOREST ECOSYSTEM; HABITAT CONSERVATION; HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; ISOLATION EFFECT; PARSIMONY ANALYSIS; RELICT SPECIES; SPECIALIZATION; SPECIES RICHNESS; SPECIES-AREA RELATIONSHIP; VERTEBRATE; ZOOGEOGRAPHY;

AFRICA; EAST AFRICA; SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA;

AVES; MAMMALIA; REPTILIA; VERTEBRATA;

EID: 34248144046     PISSN: 09603115     EISSN: 15729710     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10531-006-9022-0     Document Type: Article

References (66)

1. Andrén H (1994) Effects of habitat fragmentation on birds and mammals in landscapes with different proportions of suitable habitat: a review. Oikos 71:355-366
2. Anonymous (2003) Ecosystem profile: Eastern Arc mountains and coastal forests of Tanzania and Kenya biodiversity hotspot. Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund (CEPF). Prepared by Conservation International (CI) and International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), Washington, USA
3. Ås S, Bengtsson J, Ebenhard T (1997) Archipelagoes and theories of insularity. Ecol Bull 46:88-116
4. Azeria ET (2004) Terrestrial bird community patterns on the coralline islands of the Dahlak Archipelago. Global Ecol Biogeogr 13:177-187
5. Broadley DG, Howell KM (2000) Reptiles. In: Burgess ND, Clarke GP (eds) The coastal forests of Eastern Africa. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK, pp 191-200
6. Brooks T, Balmford A, Burgess N, Fjeldså J, Hansen LA, Moore J, Rahbek C, Williams P (2001) Toward a blueprint for conservation in Africa. BioScience 51:613-624
7. Brooks TM, Mittermeier RA, Mittermeier CG, daFonseca GAB, Rylands AB, Konstant WR, Flick P, Pilgrim J, Oldfield S, Magin G, Hilton-Taylor C (2002) Habitat loss and extinction in the hotspots of biodiversity. Conserv Biol 16:909-923
8. Brooks DR, Van Veller MGP (2003) Critique of parsimony analysis of endemicity as a method of historical biogeography. J Biogeogr 30:819-825
9. Brown J, Kodric-Brown A (1977) Turnover rates in insular biogeography: effect of immigration on extinction. Ecology 58:445-449
10. Burgess ND (2000) Global importance and patterns in the distribution of coastal forest species. In: Burgess ND, Clarke GP (eds) The coastal forests of eastern Africa. IUCN, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK, pp 235-248
11. Burgess ND, Clarke GP (eds) (2000) The coastal forests of Eastern Africa. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK
12. Burgess ND, Kock D, Cockle A, FitzGibbon CM, Jenkins P, Honess P (2000) Mammals. In: Burgess ND, Clarke GP (eds) The coastal forests of Eastern Africa. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK, pp 173-190
13. Burgess ND, Clarke GP, Rodgers WA (1998) Coastal forests of Eastern Africa: status, endemism patterns and their potential causes. Biol J Linn Soc 64:337-367
14. Burgess N, D'Amico Hales J, Underwood E, Dinerstein E, Olson D, Itoua I, Schipper J, Ricketts T, Newman K (2004) Terrestrial ecoregions of Africa and Madagascar a continental assessment. Island Press, Washington DC, pp 550
15. Cavieres LH, Arroyo MTK, Posadas P, Marticorena C, Matthei O, Rodríguez R, Squeo FA, Arancio G (2002) Identification of priority areas for conservation in an arid zone: application of parsimony analysis of endemicity in the vascular flora of the Antofagasta region, northern Chile. Biodivers Conserv 11:1301-1311
16. Clarke GP (2000a) Defining the coastal forests. In: Burgess ND, Clarke GP (eds) The coastal forests of Eastern Africa. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK, pp 9-26
17. Clarke GP (2000b) Climate and climate history. In: Burgess ND, Clarke GP (eds) The coastal forests of Eastern Africa. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK, pp 47-68
18. Clarke GP, Karoma NJ (2000) History of anthropic disturbance. In: Burgess ND, Clarke GP (eds) The coastal forests of Eastern Africa. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK, pp 251-262
19. Cornelius C, Cofré H, Marquet PA (2000) Effects of habitat fragmentation on bird species in a relict temperate forests in semiarid Chile. Conserv Biol 14:534-543
20. de Klerk HM, Crowe TM, Fjeldså J, Burgess ND (2002a) Patterns of species richness and narrow endemism of terrestrial birds species in the Afrotropical region. J Zool 256:327-342
21. de Klerk HM, Crowe TM, Fjeldså J, Burgess ND (2002b) Biogeographical patterns of endemic terrestrial Afrotropical birds. Divers Distrib 8:147-162
22. deMenocal PB (1995) Plio-pleistocene African climate. Science 270:53-59
23. Diamond AW (1981) The continuum of insularity: the relevance of equilibrium theory to the conservation of ecological islands. An overview of the fourth East African wildlife symposium. Afr J Ecol 19:209-212
24. Fjeldså J, Lovett JC (1997) Geographical patterns of young and old species in African forest biota: the significance of specific montane areas as evolutionary centres. Biodivers Conserv 6:325-346
25. Fjeldså J, Ehrlich D, Lambin E, Prins E (1997) Are biodiversity 'hotspots' correlated with current ecoclimatic stability? A pilot study using the NOAA-AVHRR remote sensing data. Biodivers Conserv 6:401-422
26. Foufopoulos J, Ives AR (1999) Reptile extinctions on land-bridge islands: life-history attributes and vulnerability to extinction. Am Nat 153:1-25
27. García-Barros E, Gurrea P, Luciáñez MJ, Cano JM, Munguira ML, Moreno JC, Sainz H, Sanz MJ, Simón JC (2002) Parsimony analysis of endemicity and its application to animal and plant geographical distributions in the Ibero-Balearic region (western Mediterranean). J Biogeogr 29:109-124
28. Gascon C, Lovejoy TE, Bierrgaard RO, Malcolm JR, Stouffer PC, Vasconcellos HL, Laurance WF, Zimmerman B, Toucher M, Borges S (1999) Matrix habitat and species richness in tropical forest remnants. Biol Conserv 91:223-229
29. Hanski I, Thomas CD (1994) Metapopulation dynamics and conservation: a spatially explicit model applied to butterflies. Biol Conserv 68:167-180
30. Hawthorne WD (1993) East African coastal forest botany. In: Lovett JC, Wasser SK (eds) Biogeography and ecology of the rain forests of Eastern Africa. Cambridge University Press, Great Britain, Cambridge, pp 57-99
31. Jetz W, Rahbek C (2002) Geographic range size and determinants of avian species richness. Science 297:1548-1551
32. Jetz W, Rahbek C, Colwell RK (2004) The coincidence of rarity and richness and the potential signature of history in centers of endemism. Ecol Lett 7:1180-1191
33. Kearney M (2002) Fragmentary taxa, missing data, and ambiguity: mistaken assumptions and conclusions. Syst Biol 51:369-381
34. Kingdon J, Howell KM (1993) Mammals in the forests of eastern Africa. In: Lovett JC, Wasser SK (eds) Biogeography and ecology of the rainforests of eastern Africa. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, pp 338-331
35. Krebs CJ (1999) Ecological methodology, 2nd edn. Addison-Wesley Educational Publishers, California
36. Lomolino MV (2000) A call for a new paradigm of island biogeography. Global Ecol Biogeogr 9:1-6
37. Lomolino MV, Brown JH, Davis R (1989) Island biogeography of montane forest mammals in the American Southwest. Ecology 70: 180-194
38. Lowe AJ, Clarke GP (2000) Vegetation structure. In: Burgess ND, Clarke GP (eds) The coastal forests of Eastern Africa. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK, pp 103-113
39. MacArthur RH, Wilson EO (1967) The theory of island biogeography. Princeton University Press, Princeton
40. McCune B, Mefford MJ (1997) Multivariate analysis of ecological data, version 3.19, MjM Software, Gleneden Beach, Oregon, USA
41. McDowall RM (2004) What biogeography is: a place for process. J Biogeogr 31:345-351
42. Mlingwa COF, Waiyaki EM, Bennun LA, Burgess ND (2000) Birds. In: Burgess ND, Clarke GP (eds) The coastal forests of Eastern Africa. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK, pp 149-172
43. Morand S (2000) Geographic distance and the role of island area and habitat diversity in the species area relationships of four Lesser Antillean faunal groups: a complementary note to Ricklefs and Lovette. J Anim Ecol 69:1117-1119
44. Moreau RE (1933) Pleistocene climatic changes and the distribution of life in East Africa. J Ecol 21:415-435
45. Morrone JJ (1994) On the identification of areas of endemism. Syst Zool 43:438-441
46. Myers N, Mittermeier RA, Mittermeier CG, da Fonseca GAB, Kent J (2000) Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities. Nature 403:853-858
47. Nekola JC, White PS (1999) The distance decay of similarity in biogeography and ecology. J Biogeogr 26:86-878
48. Newmark WD (2002) Conserving biodiversity in East African forests. Springer, Berlin
49. Page RDM (1998) GeneTree: comparing gene and species phylogenies using reconciled trees. Bioinformatics 14:819-820
50. Patterson BD, Atmar W (1986) Nested subsets and the structure of insular mammalian faunas and archipelagos. Biol J Linn Soc 28:65-82
51. Patterson BD, Brown JH (1991) Regionally nested patterns of species composition in granivorous rodent assemblages. J Biogeogr 18:395-402
52. Power DM (1975) Similarity among avifaunas of the Galápagos islands. Ecology 56:616-626
53. Ricklefs RE, Schluter D (1993) Species diversity: regional and historical influences. In: Ricklefs RE, Schluter D (eds) Species diversity in ecological communities. Chicago University Press, Chicago, USA, pp 350-363
54. Ricklefs RE, Lovette IJ (1999) The roles of island area per se and habitat diversity in the species area relationships of four Lesser Antillean faunal groups. J Anim Ecol 68:1142-1160
55. Rodgers WA (2000) Why a book on coastal forests? In: Burgess ND, Clarke GP (eds) The coastal forests of Eastern Africa. IUCN Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK, pp 3-8
56. Rosen BR (1988) From fossils to earth history: applied historical biogeography. In: Myers AA, Giller PS (eds) Analytical biogeography: an integrated approach to the study of animal and plant distributions. Chapman and Hall, London, pp 437-481
57. Rosenzweig ML (1995) Species diversity in space and time. Cambridge University Press, New York
58. Stuart SN (1981) A comparison of the avifaunas of seven East African forest islands. Afr J Ecol 19:133-152
59. Swafford DL (2002) PAUP*: phylogenetic analysis using parsimony (*and other methods). Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, MA, USA
60. Trejo-Torres JC, Ackerman JD (2001) Biogeography of the Antilles based on a parsimony analysis of orchid distributions. J Biogeogr 28:775-794
61. Trejo-Torres JC, Ackerman JD (2002) Composition patterns of Caribbean limestone forests: are parsimony, classification, and ordination analyses congruent? Biotropica 34:502-515
62. Van Tongeren OFR (1995) Cluster analysis. In: Jongman RHG, TerBraak CJF, van Tongeren OFR (eds) Data analysis in community and landscape ecology. Pudoc Wageningen, Netherlands, pp 174-212
63. Watson DM (2002) A conceptual framework for studying species composition in fragments, islands and other patchy ecosystems. J Biogeogr 29:823-834
64. Welter-Schultes FW, Williams MR (1999) History, island area and habitat availability determine land snail species richness of Aegean islands. J Biogeogr 26:239-249
65. Whittaker RJ (1998) Island biogeography: ecology, evolution and conservation. Oxford University Press, Oxford
66. WWF-EARPO (2002) Eastern African coastal forest program. Younge A, Negussie G, Burgess N (Authors). Regional workshop report. Nairobi, 4-7 February 2002, Nairobi, Kenya