ExoR is genetically coupled to the ExoS-ChvI two-component system and located in the periplasm of Sinorhizobium meliloti

Molecular Microbiology

Volumn 64, Issue 3, 2007, Pages 647-664

  Wells, Derek H ^a   Chen, Esther J ^b   Fisher, Robert F ^c   Long, Sharon R ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c STANFORD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EXOPOLYSACCHARIDE; SUCCINOGLYCAN;

ARTICLE; BACTERIAL CELL; BACTERIAL STRAIN; BACTERIAL VIRULENCE; BACTERIUM MUTANT; CARBOHYDRATE SYNTHESIS; CHEMICAL COMPOSITION; CONTROLLED STUDY; CYTOPLASM; DOWN REGULATION; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION; GENE MUTATION; GENETIC IDENTIFICATION; GENETIC TRAIT; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY; NONHUMAN; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE; PHENOTYPIC VARIATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SINORHIZOBIUM MELILOTI; SUPPRESSOR GENE; SYMBIOSIS; WILD TYPE;

ACETYLENE; BACTERIAL PROTEINS; BIOFILMS; CINNAMATES; DRUG RESISTANCE, BACTERIAL; FLAGELLA; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION, BACTERIAL; HYGROMYCIN B; MICROSCOPY, ELECTRON, TRANSMISSION; MODELS, BIOLOGICAL; NITROGEN FIXATION; PERIPLASM; PHOSPHORYLATION; POLYSACCHARIDES, BACTERIAL; ROOT NODULES, PLANT; SINORHIZOBIUM MELILOTI; TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS;

SINORHIZOBIUM MELILOTI;

EID: 34247529468     PISSN: 0950382X     EISSN: 13652958     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2007.05680.x     Document Type: Article

References (61)

1. Barnett, M.J., Oke, V. Long, S.R. (2000) New genetic tools for use in the Rhizobiaceae and other bacteria. Biotechniques 29 : 240 242, 244 245.
2. Barnett, M.J., Toman, C.J., Fisher, B.F. Long, S.R. (2004) A dual-genome Symbiosis Chip for coordinate study of signal exchange and development in a prokaryote-host interaction. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101 : 16636 16641.
3. Caetano-Anolles, G. (1993) Amplifying DNA with arbitrary oligonucleotide primers. PCR Methods Appl 3 : 85 94.
4. Caetano-Anolles, G., Crist-Estes, D.K. Bauer, W.D. (1988) Chemotaxis of Rhizobium meliloti to the plant flavone luteolin requires functional nodulation genes. J Bacteriol 170 : 3164 3169.
5. Charles, T.C. Nester, E.W. (1993) A chromosomally encoded two-component sensory transduction system is required for virulence of Agrobacterium tumefaciens. J Bacteriol 175 : 6614 6625.
6. Cheng, H.P. Walker, G.C. (1998a) Succinoglycan is required for initiation and elongation of infection threads during nodulation of alfalfa by Rhizobium meliloti. J Bacteriol 180 : 5183 5191.
7. Cheng, H.P. Walker, G.C. (1998b) Succinoglycan production by Rhizobium meliloti is regulated through the ExoS-ChvI two-component regulatory system. J Bacteriol 180 : 20 26.
8. Cronan, G.E. Keating, D.H. (2004) Sinorhizobium meliloti sulfotransferase that modifies lipopolysaccharide. J Bacteriol 186 : 4168 4176.
9. Danese, P.N., Pratt, L.A. Kolter, R. (2000) Exopolysaccharide production is required for development of Escherichia coli K-12 biofilm architecture. J Bacteriol 182 : 3593 3596.
10. DiGiuseppe, P.A. Silhavy, T.J. (2003) Signal detection and target gene induction by the CpxRA two-component system. J Bacteriol 185 : 2432 2440.
11. Doherty, D., Leigh, J.A., Glazebrook, J. Walker, G.C. (1988) Rhizobium meliloti mutants that overproduce the R. meliloti acidic calcofluor-binding exopolysaccharide. J Bacteriol 170 : 4249 4256.
12. Egelhoff, T.T. Long, S.R. (1985) Rhizobium meliloti nodulation genes: identification of nodDABC gene products, purification of nodA protein, and expression of nodA in Rhizobium meliloti. J Bacteriol 164 : 591 599.
13. Finan, T.M., Kunkel, B., De Vos, G.F. Signer, E.R. (1986) Second symbiotic megaplasmid in Rhizobium meliloti carrying exopolysaccharide and thiamine synthesis genes. J Bacteriol 167 : 66 72.
14. Friedman, A.M., Long, S.R., Brown, S.E., Buikema, W.J. Ausubel, F.M. (1982) Construction of a broad host range cosmid cloning vector and its use in the genetic analysis of Rhizobium mutants. Gene 18 : 289 296.
15. Fujishige, N.A., Kapadia, N.N., De Hoff, P.L. Hirsch, A.M. (2006) Investigations of Rhizobium biofilm formation. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 56 : 195 206.
16. Galibert, F., Finan, T.M., Long, S.R., Puhler, A., Abola, P., Ampe, F., et al. (2001) The composite genome of the legume symbiont Sinorhizobium meliloti. Science 293 : 668 672.
17. Glazebrook, J. Walker, G.C. (1991) Genetic techniques in Rhizobium meliloti. Methods Enzymol 204 : 398 418.
18. Glenn, A.R., Reeve, W.G., Tiwari, R.P. Dilworth, M.J. (1999) Acid tolerance in root nodule bacteria. Novartis Found Symp 221 : 112 126 discussion 126 130.
19. Gonzalez, J.E., York, G.M. Walker, G.C. (1996) Rhizobium meliloti exopolysaccharides: synthesis and symbiotic function. Gene 179 : 141 146.
20. Gonzalez, J.E., Semino, C.E., Wang, L.X., Castellano-Torres, L.E. Walker, G.C. (1998) Biosynthetic control of molecular weight in the polymerization of the octasaccharide subunits of succinoglycan, a symbiotically important exopolysaccharide of Rhizobium meliloti. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95 : 13477 13482.
21. Guzman-Verri, C., Manterola, L., Sola-Landa, A., Parra, A., Cloeckaert, A., Garin, J., et al. (2002) The two-component system BvrR/BvrS essential for Brucella abortus virulence regulates the expression of outer membrane proteins with counterparts in members of the Rhizobiaceae. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99 : 12375 12380.
22. Hansen, J. Moller, I. (1975) Percolation of starch and soluble carbohydrates from plant tissue for quantitative determination with anthrone. Anal Biochem 68 : 87 94.
23. Kang, Y., Liu, H., Genin, S., Schell, M.A. Denny, T.P. (2002) Ralstonia solanacearum requires type 4 pili to adhere to multiple surfaces and for natural transformation and virulence. Mol Microbiol 46 : 427 437.
24. Keating, D.H. (2007) The Sinorhizobium meliloti ExoR protein is required for the downregulation of lpsS transcription and succinoglycan biosynthesis in response to divalent cations. FEMS Microbiol Lett 267 : 23 29.
25. Leigh, J.A., Signer, E.R. Walker, G.C. (1985) Exopolysaccharide-deficient mutants of Rhizobium meliloti that form ineffective nodules. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 82 : 6231 6235.
26. Li, L., Jia, Y., Hou, Q., Charles, T.C., Nester, E.W. Pan, S.Q. (2002) A global pH sensor: agrobacterium sensor protein ChvG regulates acid-inducible genes on its two chromosomes and Ti plasmid. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99 : 12369 12374.
27. Lodwig, E.M., Hosie, A.H., Bourdes, A., Findlay, K., Allaway, D., Karunakaran, R., et al. (2003) Amino-acid cycling drives nitrogen fixation in the legume-Rhizobium symbiosis. Nature 422 : 722 726.
28. Long, S., McCune, S. Walker, G.C. (1988) Symbiotic loci of Rhizobium meliloti identified by random TnphoA mutagenesis. J Bacteriol 170 : 4257 4265.
29. Lopez-Goni, I., Guzman-Verri, C., Manterola, L., Sola-Landa, A., Moriyon, I. Moreno, E. (2002) Regulation of Brucella virulence by the two-component system BvrR/BvrS. Vet Microbiol 90 : 329 339.
30. de Maagd, R., de Rijk, R., Mulders, I.H. Lugtenberg, B.J. (1989) Immunological characterization of Rhizobium leguminosarum outer membrane antigens by use of polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies. J Bacteriol 171 : 1136 1142.
31. de Maagd, R.A. Lugtenberg, B. (1986) Fractionation of Rhizobium leguminosarum cells into outer membrane, cytoplasmic membrane, periplasmic, and cytoplasmic components. J Bacteriol 167 : 1083 1085.
32. Manoil, C., Mekalanos, J.J. Beckwith, J. (1990) Alkaline phosphatase fusions: sensors of subcellular location. J Bacteriol 172 : 515 518.
33. Manterola, L., Moriyon, I., Moreno, E., Sola-Landa, A., Weiss, D.S., Koch, M.H., et al. (2005) The lipopolysaccharide of Brucella abortus BvrS/BvrR mutants contains lipid A modifications and has higher affinity for bactericidal cationic peptides. J Bacteriol 187 : 5631 5639.
34. Martin, M.O. Long, S.R. (1984) Generalized transduction in Rhizobium meliloti. J Bacteriol 159 : 125 129.
35. Meade, H.M. Signer, E.R. (1977) Genetic mapping of Rhizobium meliloti. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 74 : 2076 2078.
36. Meade, H.M., Long, S.R., Ruvkun, G.B., Brown, S.E. Ausubel, F.M. (1982) Physical and genetic characterization of symbiotic and auxotrophic mutants of Rhizobium meliloti induced by transposon Tn5 mutagenesis. J Bacteriol 149 : 114 122.
37. Miller, L.D., Yost, C.K., Hynes, M.F. Alexandre, G. (2007) The major chemotaxis gene cluster of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae is essential for competitive nodulation. Mol Microbiol 63 : 348 362.
38. O'Toole, G., Kaplan, H.B. Kolter, R. (2000) Biofilm formation as microbial development. Annu Rev Microbiol 54 : 49 79.
39. Oke, V. Long, S.R. (1999a) Bacteroid formation in the Rhizobium-legume symbiosis. Curr Opin Microbiol 2 : 641 646.
40. Oke, V. Long, S.R. (1999b) Bacterial genes induced within the nodule during the Rhizobium-legume symbiosis. Mol Microbiol 32 : 837 849.
41. Osteras, M., Stanley, J. Finan, T.M. (1995) Identification of Rhizobium-specific intergenic mosaic elements within an essential two-component regulatory system of Rhizobium species. J Bacteriol 177 : 5485 5494.
42. Ozga, D.A., Lara, J.C. Leigh, J.A. (1994) The regulation of exopolysaccharide production is important at two levels of nodule development in Rhizobium meliloti. Mol Plant Microbe Interact 7 : 758 765.
43. Peng, W.T., Lee, Y.W. Nester, E.W. (1998) The phenolic recognition profiles of the Agrobacterium tumefaciens VirA protein are broadened by a high level of the sugar binding protein ChvE. J Bacteriol 180 : 5632 5638.
44. Pratt, L.A. Kolter, R. (1998) Genetic analysis of Escherichia coli biofilm formation: roles of flagella, motility, chemotaxis and type I pili. Mol Microbiol 30 : 285 293.
45. Reed, J.W., Glazebrook, J. Walker, G.C. (1991) The exoR gene of Rhizobium meliloti affects RNA levels of other exo genes but lacks homology to known transcriptional regulators. J Bacteriol 173 : 3789 3794.
46. Reuber, T.L. Walker, G.C. (1993) Biosynthesis of succinoglycan, a symbiotically important exopolysaccharide of Rhizobium meliloti. Cell 74 : 269 280.
47. Reuber, T.L., Long, S. Walker, G.C. (1991) Regulation of Rhizobium meliloti exo genes in free-living cells and in planta examined by using TnphoA fusions. J Bacteriol 173 : 426 434.
48. Rotter, C., Muhlbacher, S., Salamon, D., Schmitt, R. Scharf, B. (2006) Rem, a new transcriptional activator of motility and chemotaxis in Sinorhizobium meliloti. J Bacteriol 188 : 6932 6942.
49. Sauer, K. Camper, A.K. (2001) Characterization of phenotypic changes in Pseudomonas putida in response to surface-associated growth. J Bacteriol 183 : 6579 6589.
50. Sola-Landa, A., Pizarro-Cerda, J., Grillo, M.J., Moreno, E., Moriyon, I., Blasco, J.M., et al. (1998) A two-component regulatory system playing a critical role in plant pathogens and endosymbionts is present in Brucella abortus and controls cell invasion and virulence. Mol Microbiol 29 : 125 138.
51. Sourjik, V., Muschler, P., Scharf, B. Schmitt, R. (2000) VisN and VisR are global regulators of chemotaxis, flagellar, and motility genes in Sinorhizobium (Rhizobium) meliloti. J Bacteriol 182 : 782 788.
52. Spaink, H.P. (2000) Root nodulation and infection factors produced by rhizobial bacteria. Annu Rev Microbiol 54 : 257 288.
53. Tokishita, S. Mizuno, T. (1994) Transmembrane signal transduction by the Escherichia coli osmotic sensor, EnvZ: intermolecular complementation of transmembrane signalling. Mol Microbiol 13 : 435 444.
54. Turk, S.C., van Lange, R.P., Sonneveld, E. Hooykaas, P.J. (1993) The chimeric VirA-tar receptor protein is locked into a highly responsive state. J Bacteriol 175 : 5706 5709.
55. Wais, R.J., Wells, D.H. Long, S.R. (2002) Analysis of differences between Sinorhizobium meliloti 1021 and 2011 strains using the host calcium spiking response. Mol Plant Microbe Interact 15 : 1245 1252.
56. Wei, X. Bauer, W.D. (1998) Starvation-induced changes in motility, chemotaxis, and flagellation of Rhizobium meliloti. Appl Environ Microbiol 64 : 1708 1714.
57. Wei, X. Bauer, W.D. (1999) Tn5-induced and spontaneous switching of Sinorhizobium meliloti to faster-swarming behavior. Appl Environ Microbiol 65 : 1228 1235.
58. Wells, D.H. Long, S.R. (2002) The Sinorhizobium meliloti stringent response affects multiple aspects of symbiosis. Mol Microbiol 43 : 1115 1127.
59. Yao, S.Y., Luo, L., Har, K.J., Becker, A., Ruberg, S., Yu, G.Q., et al. (2004) Sinorhizobium meliloti ExoR and ExoS proteins regulate both succinoglycan and flagellum production. J Bacteriol 186 : 6042 6049.
60. York, W.S., Darvill, A.G., McNeil, M., Stevenson, T.T. Albersheim, P. (1985) Isolation and characterization of plant cell walls and cell wall components. Methods Enzymol 118 : 3 40.
61. Zhang, Y., Conway, C., Rosato, M., Suh, Y. Manson, M.D. (1992) Maltose chemotaxis involves residues in the N-terminal and C-terminal domains on the same face of maltose-binding protein. J Biol Chem 267 : 22813 22820.