메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 3, Issue 2, 2007, Pages 209-222

New treatment options for vascular dementia

Author keywords

Dementia; Subcortical; Therapy; Vascular

Indexed keywords

4 AMINOBUTYRIC ACID RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; ACETYLCHOLINE; ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; ALKALOID DERIVATIVE; AMYLOID BETA PROTEIN; APOLIPOPROTEIN E; ATYPICAL ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENT; BAMBUTEROL; CALCIUM ANTAGONIST; CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKING AGENT; CHOLESTEROL; CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITOR; CYPROTERONE ACETATE; DONEPEZIL; EPISTIGMINE; GALANTAMINE; GLUTAMATE RECEPTOR; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE INHIBITOR; INSULIN; MEMANTINE; MINOCYCLINE; N METHYL DEXTRO ASPARTIC ACID RECEPTOR; N METHYL DEXTRO ASPARTIC ACID RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; OLANZAPINE; PLACEBO; QUETIAPINE; RISPERIDONE; RIVASTIGMINE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

EID: 34247234673     PISSN: 1745509X     EISSN: 17455103     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2217/1745509X.3.2.209     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (3)

References (128)
  • 1
    • 0028302251 scopus 로고
    • Vascular dementia: A radical redefinition
    • Hachinski V: Vascular dementia: a radical redefinition. Dementia 5, 130-132 (1994).
    • (1994) Dementia , vol.5 , pp. 130-132
    • Hachinski, V.1
  • 2
    • 0027534657 scopus 로고
    • Vascular dementia: Diagnostic criteria for research studies: report of the NINDS-AIREN international work group
    • Roman GC, Tatemichi TK, Erkinjuntti T et al.: Vascular dementia: diagnostic criteria for research studies: report of the NINDS-AIREN international work group. Neurology 43, 250-260 (1993).
    • (1993) Neurology , vol.43 , pp. 250-260
    • Roman, G.C.1    Tatemichi, T.K.2    Erkinjuntti, T.3
  • 3
    • 0031438468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vascular dementia: Challenge of clinical diagnosis
    • Erkinjuntti T. Vascular dementia: challenge of clinical diagnosis. Int. Psychogeriatr. 9, 77-83 (1997).
    • (1997) Int. Psychogeriatr , vol.9 , pp. 77-83
    • Erkinjuntti, T.1
  • 4
    • 0034655901 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of nimodipine in subcortical vascular dementia: A subgroup analysis of the Scandinavian Multi-Infarct Dementia Trial
    • Pantoni L, Rossi R, Inzitari D et al.: Efficacy and safety of nimodipine in subcortical vascular dementia: a subgroup analysis of the Scandinavian Multi-Infarct Dementia Trial. J. Neurol. Sci. 175, 124-134 (2000).
    • (2000) J. Neurol. Sci , vol.175 , pp. 124-134
    • Pantoni, L.1    Rossi, R.2    Inzitari, D.3
  • 5
    • 0042023711 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alzheimer disease in the US population: Prevalence estimates using the 2000 census
    • Hebert LE, Scherr PA, Bienias JL, Bennett DA, Evans DA: Alzheimer disease in the US population: prevalence estimates using the 2000 census. Arch. Neurol. 60(8), 1119-1122 (2003).
    • (2003) Arch. Neurol , vol.60 , Issue.8 , pp. 1119-1122
    • Hebert, L.E.1    Scherr, P.A.2    Bienias, J.L.3    Bennett, D.A.4    Evans, D.A.5
  • 6
    • 0026064452 scopus 로고
    • Probability of stroke: A risk profile from the Framingham Study
    • Wolf PA, D'Agostino RB, Belanger AJ, Kannel WB: Probability of stroke: a risk profile from the Framingham Study. Stroke 22(3), 312-318 (1991).
    • (1991) Stroke , vol.22 , Issue.3 , pp. 312-318
    • Wolf, P.A.1    D'Agostino, R.B.2    Belanger, A.J.3    Kannel, W.B.4
  • 7
    • 0037072299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain structure and cognition in a community sample of elderly Latinos
    • Wu CC, Mungas D, Petkov CI et al.: Brain structure and cognition in a community sample of elderly Latinos. Neurology 59(3), 383-391 (2002).
    • (2002) Neurology , vol.59 , Issue.3 , pp. 383-391
    • Wu, C.C.1    Mungas, D.2    Petkov, C.I.3
  • 9
    • 0024375834 scopus 로고
    • Dementia. A review emphasizing clinico-pathologic correlation and brain-behaviour relationships
    • Chui HC: Dementia. A review emphasizing clinico-pathologic correlation and brain-behaviour relationships. Arch. Neurol. 46(7), 806-814 (1989).
    • (1989) Arch. Neurol , vol.46 , Issue.7 , pp. 806-814
    • Chui, H.C.1
  • 10
    • 0027404280 scopus 로고
    • A population-based study of dementia in 85-year olds
    • Skoog I, Nilsson L, Palmertz B et al.: A population-based study of dementia in 85-year olds. N. Engl. J. Med. 328, 153-158 (1993).
    • (1993) N. Engl. J. Med , vol.328 , pp. 153-158
    • Skoog, I.1    Nilsson, L.2    Palmertz, B.3
  • 11
    • 33144489150 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnosis and management of dementia with Lewy bodies: Third report of the DLB Consortium
    • McKeith IG, Dickson DW, Lowe J et al.: Diagnosis and management of dementia with Lewy bodies: third report of the DLB Consortium. Neurology 65(12), 1863-1872 (2005).
    • (2005) Neurology , vol.65 , Issue.12 , pp. 1863-1872
    • McKeith, I.G.1    Dickson, D.W.2    Lowe, J.3
  • 13
    • 33644977988 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cultural diversity in Alzheimer disease: The interface between biology, belief, and behavior
    • Chui HC, Gatz M: Cultural diversity in Alzheimer disease: the interface between biology, belief, and behavior. Alzheimer Dis. Assoc. Discord. 19, 250-255 (2005).
    • (2005) Alzheimer Dis. Assoc. Discord , vol.19 , pp. 250-255
    • Chui, H.C.1    Gatz, M.2
  • 14
    • 0025872005 scopus 로고
    • The prevalence of vascular dementia in Europe: Facts and fragments from 1980-1990 studies. EURODEM-Prevalence Research Group
    • Rocca WA, Hofman A, Brayne C et al.: The prevalence of vascular dementia in Europe: facts and fragments from 1980-1990 studies. EURODEM-Prevalence Research Group. Ann. Neurol. 30, 817-824 (1991).
    • (1991) Ann. Neurol , vol.30 , pp. 817-824
    • Rocca, W.A.1    Hofman, A.2    Brayne, C.3
  • 15
    • 0031695197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Projections of Alzheimer's disease in the United States and the public health impact of delaying disease onset
    • Brookmeyer R, Gray S, Kawas C: Projections of Alzheimer's disease in the United States and the public health impact of delaying disease onset. Am. J. Public Health 88(9), 1337-1342 (1998).
    • (1998) Am. J. Public Health , vol.88 , Issue.9 , pp. 1337-1342
    • Brookmeyer, R.1    Gray, S.2    Kawas, C.3
  • 16
    • 33644795233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vascular dementia prevention: A risk factor analysis
    • Roman GC: Vascular dementia prevention: a risk factor analysis. Cerebrovasc. Dis. 20(Suppl. 2), 91-100 (2005).
    • (2005) Cerebrovasc. Dis , vol.20 , Issue.SUPPL. 2 , pp. 91-100
    • Roman, G.C.1
  • 17
    • 20644458316 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The apolipoprotein E ε4 allele increases the odds of chronic cerebral infarction detected at autopsy in older persons
    • Schneider JA, Bienias JL, Wilson RS, Berry-Kravis E, Evans DA, Bennett DA: The apolipoprotein E ε4 allele increases the odds of chronic cerebral infarction detected at autopsy in older persons. Stroke 36(5), 954-959 (2005).
    • (2005) Stroke , vol.36 , Issue.5 , pp. 954-959
    • Schneider, J.A.1    Bienias, J.L.2    Wilson, R.S.3    Berry-Kravis, E.4    Evans, D.A.5    Bennett, D.A.6
  • 18
    • 0037161304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship of hypertension in the elderly to AD, vascular dementia, and cognitive function
    • Posner HB, Tang MX, Luchsinger J, Lantigua R, Stern Y, Mayeux R: The relationship of hypertension in the elderly to AD, vascular dementia, and cognitive function. Neurology 58, 1175-1181 (2002).
    • (2002) Neurology , vol.58 , pp. 1175-1181
    • Posner, H.B.1    Tang, M.X.2    Luchsinger, J.3    Lantigua, R.4    Stern, Y.5    Mayeux, R.6
  • 19
    • 0027955871 scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for Alzheimer's disease and dementia: A case-control study based on the MRC elderly hypertension trial
    • Prince M, Cullen M, Mann A: Risk factors for Alzheimer's disease and dementia: a case-control study based on the MRC elderly hypertension trial. Neurology 44, 97-104 (1994).
    • (1994) Neurology , vol.44 , pp. 97-104
    • Prince, M.1    Cullen, M.2    Mann, A.3
  • 20
    • 0031026879 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atherosclerosis, apolipoprotein E, and prevalence of dementia and Alzheimer's disease in the Rotterdam Study
    • Hofman A, Ott A, Breteler MM et al.: Atherosclerosis, apolipoprotein E, and prevalence of dementia and Alzheimer's disease in the Rotterdam Study. Lancet 349, 151-154 (1997).
    • (1997) Lancet , vol.349 , pp. 151-154
    • Hofman, A.1    Ott, A.2    Breteler, M.M.3
  • 21
    • 0034798731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of incident Alzheimer disease and blood pressure measured from 13 years before to 2 years after diagnosis in a large community study
    • Morris MC, Scherr PA, Hebert LE, Glynn RJ, Bennett DA, Evans DA: Association of incident Alzheimer disease and blood pressure measured from 13 years before to 2 years after diagnosis in a large community study. Arch. Neurol. 58, 1640-1646 (2001).
    • (2001) Arch. Neurol , vol.58 , pp. 1640-1646
    • Morris, M.C.1    Scherr, P.A.2    Hebert, L.E.3    Glynn, R.J.4    Bennett, D.A.5    Evans, D.A.6
  • 22
    • 0032564132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of dementia in randomised double-blind placebo-controlled Systolic Hypertension in Europe (Syst-Eur) trial
    • Forette F, Seux M, Staessen JA et al.: Prevention of dementia in randomised double-blind placebo-controlled Systolic Hypertension in Europe (Syst-Eur) trial. Lancet 352(9137), 1347-1351 (1998).
    • (1998) Lancet , vol.352 , Issue.9137 , pp. 1347-1351
    • Forette, F.1    Seux, M.2    Staessen, J.A.3
  • 23
    • 7244234168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The association between blood pressure, hypertension, and cerebral white matter lesions
    • van Dijck EJ, Breteler M, Schmidt R et al.: The association between blood pressure, hypertension, and cerebral white matter lesions. Hypertension 44, 625-650 (2004).
    • (2004) Hypertension , vol.44 , pp. 625-650
    • van Dijck, E.J.1    Breteler, M.2    Schmidt, R.3
  • 24
    • 0033591928 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and the risk of dementia with stroke
    • Moroney JT, Tang MX, Berglund L et al.: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and the risk of dementia with stroke. JAMA 282, 254-260 (1999).
    • (1999) JAMA , vol.282 , pp. 254-260
    • Moroney, J.T.1    Tang, M.X.2    Berglund, L.3
  • 25
    • 2442489033 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relation of plasma lipids to Alzheimer disease and vascular dementia
    • Reitz C, Tang MX, Luchsinger J, Mayeux R: Relation of plasma lipids to Alzheimer disease and vascular dementia. Arch. Neurol. 61, 705-714 (2004).
    • (2004) Arch. Neurol , vol.61 , pp. 705-714
    • Reitz, C.1    Tang, M.X.2    Luchsinger, J.3    Mayeux, R.4
  • 26
    • 0033595203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of risk factors for vascular dementia: The Honolulu-Asia Aging Study
    • Ross GW, Petrovitch H, White LR et al.: Characterization of risk factors for vascular dementia: the Honolulu-Asia Aging Study. Neurology 53, 337-343 (1999).
    • (1999) Neurology , vol.53 , pp. 337-343
    • Ross, G.W.1    Petrovitch, H.2    White, L.R.3
  • 27
    • 0033546660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • APOE genotype, plasma lipids, lipoproteins, and AD in elderly
    • Romas SN, Tang MX, Berglund L, Mayeux R: APOE genotype, plasma lipids, lipoproteins, and AD in elderly. Neurology 53, 517-521 (1999).
    • (1999) Neurology , vol.53 , pp. 517-521
    • Romas, S.N.1    Tang, M.X.2    Berglund, L.3    Mayeux, R.4
  • 29
    • 15944371915 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cholesterol and Alzheimer's disease: Statins, cholesterol depletion in APP processing and Abeta generation
    • Hartmann T: Cholesterol and Alzheimer's disease: statins, cholesterol depletion in APP processing and Abeta generation. Subcell. Biochem. 38, 365-380 (2005).
    • (2005) Subcell. Biochem , vol.38 , pp. 365-380
    • Hartmann, T.1
  • 30
    • 0033772113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decreased prevalence of Alzheimer disease associated with 3-hydroxy-3-methyglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors
    • Wolozine B, Kellman W, Ruosseau P, Celesia GG, Siegel G: Decreased prevalence of Alzheimer disease associated with 3-hydroxy-3-methyglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors. Arch. Neurol. 57, 1439-1443 (2000).
    • (2000) Arch. Neurol , vol.57 , pp. 1439-1443
    • Wolozine, B.1    Kellman, W.2    Ruosseau, P.3    Celesia, G.G.4    Siegel, G.5
  • 31
    • 0036126850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of lipid-lowering agents, indication bias, and the risk of dementia in community-dwelling elderly people
    • Rockwood K, Kirkland S, Hogan DB et al.: Use of lipid-lowering agents, indication bias, and the risk of dementia in community-dwelling elderly people. Arch. Neurol. 59, 223-227 (2002).
    • (2002) Arch. Neurol , vol.59 , pp. 223-227
    • Rockwood, K.1    Kirkland, S.2    Hogan, D.B.3
  • 32
    • 0033596837 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Longitudinal association of vascular and Alzheimer's dementias, diabetes, and glucose tolerance
    • Curb JD, Rodriguez BL, Abbott RD et al.: Longitudinal association of vascular and Alzheimer's dementias, diabetes, and glucose tolerance. Neurology 52, 971-975 (1999).
    • (1999) Neurology , vol.52 , pp. 971-975
    • Curb, J.D.1    Rodriguez, B.L.2    Abbott, R.D.3
  • 33
  • 34
    • 0031050268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk of dementia among persons with diabetes mellitus: A population-based cohort study
    • Leibson CL, Rocca WA, Hanson VA et al.: Risk of dementia among persons with diabetes mellitus: a population-based cohort study. Am. J. Epidemiol. 145, 301-308 (1997).
    • (1997) Am. J. Epidemiol , vol.145 , pp. 301-308
    • Leibson, C.L.1    Rocca, W.A.2    Hanson, V.A.3
  • 35
    • 5344256250 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyperinsulinemia and risk of Alzheimer disease
    • Luchsinger JA, Tang MX, Shea S, Mayeux R: Hyperinsulinemia and risk of Alzheimer disease. Neurology 63, 1187-1192 (2004).
    • (2004) Neurology , vol.63 , pp. 1187-1192
    • Luchsinger, J.A.1    Tang, M.X.2    Shea, S.3    Mayeux, R.4
  • 36
    • 0031907459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cerebrospinal fluid and plasma insulin levels in Alzheimer's disease: Relationship to severity of dementia and apolipoprotein E genotype
    • Craft S, Peskind E, Schwartz MW, Schellenberg GD, Raskind M, Porte D Jr: Cerebrospinal fluid and plasma insulin levels in Alzheimer's disease: relationship to severity of dementia and apolipoprotein E genotype. Neurology 50, 164-168 (1998).
    • (1998) Neurology , vol.50 , pp. 164-168
    • Craft, S.1    Peskind, E.2    Schwartz, M.W.3    Schellenberg, G.D.4    Raskind, M.5    Porte Jr, D.6
  • 37
    • 0027399410 scopus 로고
    • Relationship between cigarette smoking and Alzheimer's disease in a population-based case-control study
    • Brenner DE, Kukull WA, van Belle G et al.: Relationship between cigarette smoking and Alzheimer's disease in a population-based case-control study. Neurology 43, 293-300 (1993).
    • (1993) Neurology , vol.43 , pp. 293-300
    • Brenner, D.E.1    Kukull, W.A.2    van Belle, G.3
  • 39
    • 0025740733 scopus 로고
    • Alcohol and tobacco consumption as risk factors for Alzheimer's disease: A collaborative re-analysis of case-control studies. EURODEM Risk Factors Research Group
    • Graves AB, van Duijn CM, Chandra V et al.: Alcohol and tobacco consumption as risk factors for Alzheimer's disease: a collaborative re-analysis of case-control studies. EURODEM Risk Factors Research Group. Int. J. Epidemiol. 20(Suppl. 2), S48-S57 (1991).
    • (1991) Int. J. Epidemiol , vol.20 , Issue.SUPPL. 2
    • Graves, A.B.1    van Duijn, C.M.2    Chandra, V.3
  • 40
    • 0026523166 scopus 로고
    • Relation of smoking and alcohol consumption to incident Alzheimer's disease
    • Hebert LE, Scherr PA, Beckett LA et al.: Relation of smoking and alcohol consumption to incident Alzheimer's disease. Am. J. Epidemiol. 135, 347-355 (1992).
    • (1992) Am. J. Epidemiol , vol.135 , pp. 347-355
    • Hebert, L.E.1    Scherr, P.A.2    Beckett, L.A.3
  • 41
    • 0032551222 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoking and risk of dementia and Alzheimer's disease in a population-based cohort study: The Rotterdam Study
    • Ott A, Slooter AJ, Hofman A et al.: Smoking and risk of dementia and Alzheimer's disease in a population-based cohort study: the Rotterdam Study. Lancet 351, 1840-1843 (1998).
    • (1998) Lancet , vol.351 , pp. 1840-1843
    • Ott, A.1    Slooter, A.J.2    Hofman, A.3
  • 42
    • 0031054027 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoking history in middle age and subsequent cognitive performance in elderly Japanese-American men. The Honolulu-Asia Aging Study
    • Galanis DJ, Petrovitch H. Launer LJ. Harris TB, Foley DJ, White LR: Smoking history in middle age and subsequent cognitive performance in elderly Japanese-American men. The Honolulu-Asia Aging Study. Am. J. Epidemiol. 145, 507-515 (1997).
    • (1997) Am. J. Epidemiol , vol.145 , pp. 507-515
    • Galanis, D.J.1    Petrovitch, H.2    Launer, L.J.3    Harris, T.B.4    Foley, D.J.5    White, L.R.6
  • 43
    • 0029990411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A longitudinal study of factors predicting change in cognitive test scores over time, in an older hypertensive population
    • Prince M, Lewis G, Bird A, Blizard R, Mann A: A longitudinal study of factors predicting change in cognitive test scores over time, in an older hypertensive population. Psychol. Med. 26, 555-568 (1996).
    • (1996) Psychol. Med , vol.26 , pp. 555-568
    • Prince, M.1    Lewis, G.2    Bird, A.3    Blizard, R.4    Mann, A.5
  • 44
    • 0037075257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasma homocysteine as a risk factor for dementia and Alzheimer's disease
    • Seshadri S, Beiser A, Selhub J et al.: Plasma homocysteine as a risk factor for dementia and Alzheimer's disease. N Engl. J. Med. 346, 476-483 (2002).
    • (2002) N Engl. J. Med , vol.346 , pp. 476-483
    • Seshadri, S.1    Beiser, A.2    Selhub, J.3
  • 45
    • 0033178883 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Total homocysteine and cognitive decline in a community-based sample of elderly subjects: The Rotterdam Study
    • Kalmijn S, Launer LJ, Lindemans J, Bots ML, Hofman A, Breteler MM: Total homocysteine and cognitive decline in a community-based sample of elderly subjects: the Rotterdam Study. Am. J. Epidemiol. 150, 283-289 (1999).
    • (1999) Am. J. Epidemiol , vol.150 , pp. 283-289
    • Kalmijn, S.1    Launer, L.J.2    Lindemans, J.3    Bots, M.L.4    Hofman, A.5    Breteler, M.M.6
  • 46
    • 0031597388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Folate, vitamin B12, and serum total homocysteine levels in confirmed Alzheimer disease
    • Clarke R, Smith AD, Jobst KA, Refsum H, Sutton L, Ueland PM: Folate, vitamin B12, and serum total homocysteine levels in confirmed Alzheimer disease. Arch. Neurol. 55, 1449-1455 (1998).
    • (1998) Arch. Neurol , vol.55 , pp. 1449-1455
    • Clarke, R.1    Smith, A.D.2    Jobst, K.A.3    Refsum, H.4    Sutton, L.5    Ueland, P.M.6
  • 48
    • 0034523169 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vascular dementia, a new beginning
    • Chui H: Vascular dementia, a new beginning. Neurol. Clin. 18(4), 951-975 (2000).
    • (2000) Neurol. Clin , vol.18 , Issue.4 , pp. 951-975
    • Chui, H.1
  • 49
    • 14844323654 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of nimodipine in subcortical vascular dementia: A randomized placebo-controlled trial
    • Pantoni L, del Ser T, Soglian AG et al.: Efficacy and safety of nimodipine in subcortical vascular dementia: a randomized placebo-controlled trial. Stroke 36(3), 619-624 (2005).
    • (2005) Stroke , vol.36 , Issue.3 , pp. 619-624
    • Pantoni, L.1    del Ser, T.2    Soglian, A.G.3
  • 50
    • 0024371148 scopus 로고
    • Randomized clinical trial of daily aspirin in multi-infarct dementia. A pilot study
    • Meyer JS, Rogers RL, McClintic K et al.: Randomized clinical trial of daily aspirin in multi-infarct dementia. A pilot study. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 37, 549-555 (1989).
    • (1989) J. Am. Geriatr. Soc , vol.37 , pp. 549-555
    • Meyer, J.S.1    Rogers, R.L.2    McClintic, K.3
  • 51
    • 11444268288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Absence of cholinergic deficits in "pure" vascular dementia
    • Perry E, Ziabreva I, Perry R, Aarsland D, Ballard C: Absence of cholinergic deficits in "pure" vascular dementia. Neurology 64(1), 132-133 (2005).
    • (2005) Neurology , vol.64 , Issue.1 , pp. 132-133
    • Perry, E.1    Ziabreva, I.2    Perry, R.3    Aarsland, D.4    Ballard, C.5
  • 52
    • 22044449516 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Absence of cholinergic deficits in "pure" vascular dementia
    • Tomimoto H, Ohtani R, Ihara M: Absence of cholinergic deficits in "pure" vascular dementia. Neurology 65(1), 179 (2005).
    • (2005) Neurology , vol.65 , Issue.1 , pp. 179
    • Tomimoto, H.1    Ohtani, R.2    Ihara, M.3
  • 53
    • 0018290966 scopus 로고
    • The cholinergic pathway to cerebral blood vessels. I. Morphological studies
    • Vasquez J, Purve MJ: The cholinergic pathway to cerebral blood vessels. I. Morphological studies. Pflugers Arch. 379, 157-163 (1979).
    • (1979) Pflugers Arch , vol.379 , pp. 157-163
    • Vasquez, J.1    Purve, M.J.2
  • 54
    • 0024360030 scopus 로고
    • Endothelium and control of vascular function. State of the art
    • Vanhoutte PM: Endothelium and control of vascular function. State of the art. Hypertension 13, 658-667 (1989).
    • (1989) Hypertension , vol.13 , pp. 658-667
    • Vanhoutte, P.M.1
  • 55
    • 0029592139 scopus 로고
    • Animal models of vascular dementia with emphasis on stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats
    • Saito H, Togashi H, Yoshiaka M et al.: Animal models of vascular dementia with emphasis on stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol. 22, S257-S259 (1995).
    • (1995) Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol , vol.22
    • Saito, H.1    Togashi, H.2    Yoshiaka, M.3
  • 56
    • 0028158803 scopus 로고
    • Neurochemical profiles in cerebrospinal fluid of stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats
    • Togashi H, Matsumoto M, Yoshioka M et al.: Neurochemical profiles in cerebrospinal fluid of stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. Behav. Lett. 166, 117-120 (1994).
    • (1994) Behav. Lett , vol.166 , pp. 117-120
    • Togashi, H.1    Matsumoto, M.2    Yoshioka, M.3
  • 57
    • 0034676511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathogenesis of vascular dementia in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats
    • Kimura S, Saito H, Minami M et al.: Pathogenesis of vascular dementia in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. Toxicology 153, 167-187 (2000).
    • (2000) Toxicology , vol.153 , pp. 167-187
    • Kimura, S.1    Saito, H.2    Minami, M.3
  • 58
    • 0030482550 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cholinesterase inhibition improves blood flow in the ischemic cerebral cortex
    • Scremin OU, Li MG, Scremin AM, Jenden DJ: Cholinesterase inhibition improves blood flow in the ischemic cerebral cortex. Brain Res. Bull. 42, 59-70 (1997).
    • (1997) Brain Res. Bull , vol.42 , pp. 59-70
    • Scremin, O.U.1    Li, M.G.2    Scremin, A.M.3    Jenden, D.J.4
  • 59
    • 0029842588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cerebrospinal fluid acetylcholine and choline in vascular dementia of Binswanger and multiple small infarct types as compared with Alzheimer type dementia
    • Tohgi H, Abe T, Kimura M et al.: Cerebrospinal fluid acetylcholine and choline in vascular dementia of Binswanger and multiple small infarct types as compared with Alzheimer type dementia. J. Neurol. Transm. 103, 1211-1220 (1996).
    • (1996) J. Neurol. Transm , vol.103 , pp. 1211-1220
    • Tohgi, H.1    Abe, T.2    Kimura, M.3
  • 61
    • 0025368758 scopus 로고
    • Substance P-like immunoreactivity, choline acetyltransferase activity and cholinergic muscarinic receptors in Alzheimer's disease and multi-infarct dementia
    • Sakurada T, Alufuzoff I, Winblad B, Nordberg A: Substance P-like immunoreactivity, choline acetyltransferase activity and cholinergic muscarinic receptors in Alzheimer's disease and multi-infarct dementia. Brain Res. 521(1-2), 329-332 (1990).
    • (1990) Brain Res , vol.521 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 329-332
    • Sakurada, T.1    Alufuzoff, I.2    Winblad, B.3    Nordberg, A.4
  • 62
    • 18444406014 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug therapy of dementia in elderly patients. A review
    • Olsen CE, Poulsen HD, Lublin HK: Drug therapy of dementia in elderly patients. A review. Nord. J. Psychiatry 59(2), 71-77 (2005).
    • (2005) Nord. J. Psychiatry , vol.59 , Issue.2 , pp. 71-77
    • Olsen, C.E.1    Poulsen, H.D.2    Lublin, H.K.3
  • 63
    • 1442323593 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cholinesterase inhibitors and vascular dementia: Another string to their bow?
    • Bullock R: Cholinesterase inhibitors and vascular dementia: another string to their bow? CNS Drugs 18(2), 79-92 (2004).
    • (2004) CNS Drugs , vol.18 , Issue.2 , pp. 79-92
    • Bullock, R.1
  • 64
    • 0037070773 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of galantamine in probable vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease combined with cerebrovascular disease: A randomised trial
    • Erkinjuntti T, Kurz A, Gauthier S et al.: Efficacy of galantamine in probable vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease combined with cerebrovascular disease: a randomised trial. Lancet 359, 1283-1290 (2002).
    • (2002) Lancet , vol.359 , pp. 1283-1290
    • Erkinjuntti, T.1    Kurz, A.2    Gauthier, S.3
  • 65
    • 0036053257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Broad therapeutic benefits in patients with probable vascular dementia or Alzheimer's disease with cerebrovascular disease after treatment with galantamine
    • Erkinjuntti T: Broad therapeutic benefits in patients with probable vascular dementia or Alzheimer's disease with cerebrovascular disease after treatment with galantamine. Eur. J. Neurol. 9(5), 545 (2002).
    • (2002) Eur. J. Neurol , vol.9 , Issue.5 , pp. 545
    • Erkinjuntti, T.1
  • 66
    • 0037111310 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment options. The latest evidence with galantamine (Reminyl®)
    • Erkinjuntti T: Treatment options. The latest evidence with galantamine (Reminyl®). J. Neurol. Sci. 203-204, 125-130 (2002).
    • (2002) J. Neurol. Sci , vol.203-204 , pp. 125-130
    • Erkinjuntti, T.1
  • 67
    • 0042432057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Donepezil in vascular dementia: A randomized, placebo-controlled study
    • Wilkinson D, Doody R, Helme R et al.: Donepezil in vascular dementia: a randomized, placebo-controlled study. Neurology 61(4), 479-486 (2003).
    • (2003) Neurology , vol.61 , Issue.4 , pp. 479-486
    • Wilkinson, D.1    Doody, R.2    Helme, R.3
  • 70
    • 14844296783 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive, global, and functional benefits of donepezil in Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia: Results from large-scale clinical trials
    • Passmore AP, Bayer AJ, Steinhagen-Thiessen E: Cognitive, global, and functional benefits of donepezil in Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia: results from large-scale clinical trials. J. Neurol. Sci. 229-230, 141-146 (2005).
    • (2005) J. Neurol. Sci , vol.229-230 , pp. 141-146
    • Passmore, A.P.1    Bayer, A.J.2    Steinhagen-Thiessen, E.3
  • 71
    • 33645525966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Galantamine for vascular cognitive impairment
    • CD004746
    • Craig D, Birks J: Galantamine for vascular cognitive impairment. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. CD004746 (2006).
    • (2006) Cochrane Database Syst. Rev
    • Craig, D.1    Birks, J.2
  • 72
    • 0005994352 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Properties of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors: Pharmacological characterization and modulation of synaptic function
    • Albuquerque EX, Alkondon M, Pereira EF et al.: Properties of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors: pharmacological characterization and modulation of synaptic function. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 280, 1117-1136 (1997).
    • (1997) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther , vol.280 , pp. 1117-1136
    • Albuquerque, E.X.1    Alkondon, M.2    Pereira, E.F.3
  • 73
    • 0035727527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selective inhibitors of butyrylcholinesterase: A valid alternative for therapy of Alzheimer's disease?
    • Giacobini E: Selective inhibitors of butyrylcholinesterase: a valid alternative for therapy of Alzheimer's disease? Drug Aging 18, 891-898 (2001).
    • (2001) Drug Aging , vol.18 , pp. 891-898
    • Giacobini, E.1
  • 75
    • 0036183539 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Widely spread butyrylcholinesterase can hydrolyze acetylcholine in the normal and Alzheimer brain
    • Mesulam M, Guillozet A, Shaw P, Quinn B: Widely spread butyrylcholinesterase can hydrolyze acetylcholine in the normal and Alzheimer brain. Neurobiol. Dis. 9, 88-93 (2002).
    • (2002) Neurobiol. Dis , vol.9 , pp. 88-93
    • Mesulam, M.1    Guillozet, A.2    Shaw, P.3    Quinn, B.4
  • 76
  • 77
    • 0020021171 scopus 로고
    • The molecular forms of cholinesterase and acetylcholine in vertebrates
    • Massoulie J, Bon S: The molecular forms of cholinesterase and acetylcholine in vertebrates. Ann. Rev. Neurosci. 37, 57-106 (1982).
    • (1982) Ann. Rev. Neurosci , vol.37 , pp. 57-106
    • Massoulie, J.1    Bon, S.2
  • 78
    • 0036065671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence that the clinical effects of cholinesterase inhibitors are related to potency and targeting of action
    • Poirier J: Evidence that the clinical effects of cholinesterase inhibitors are related to potency and targeting of action. Int. J. Clin. Pract. Suppl. 127, 6-19 (2002).
    • (2002) Int. J. Clin. Pract. Suppl , vol.127 , pp. 6-19
    • Poirier, J.1
  • 79
    • 0027318577 scopus 로고
    • Molecular and cellular biology of cholinesterases
    • Massoulie J, Pezzementi L, Bon S et al.: Molecular and cellular biology of cholinesterases. Prog. Neurobiol. 41, 31-91 (1993).
    • (1993) Prog. Neurobiol , vol.41 , pp. 31-91
    • Massoulie, J.1    Pezzementi, L.2    Bon, S.3
  • 80
    • 0036063785 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The tolerability and safety of cholinesterase inhibitors in the treatment of dementia
    • Inglis F: The tolerability and safety of cholinesterase inhibitors in the treatment of dementia. Int. J. Clin. Pract. Suppl. 127, 45-63 (2002).
    • (2002) Int. J. Clin. Pract. Suppl , vol.127 , pp. 45-63
    • Inglis, F.1
  • 82
    • 0037148175 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vennerica A, Shanks MF, Staff RT et al.: Cerebral blood flow and cognitive responses to rivastigmine treatment in Alzheimer's disease. Neuroreport 13, 83-87 (2002).
    • Vennerica A, Shanks MF, Staff RT et al.: Cerebral blood flow and cognitive responses to rivastigmine treatment in Alzheimer's disease. Neuroreport 13, 83-87 (2002).
  • 84
    • 0034998049 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short-term rivastigmine treatment reduces EEG slow-wave power in Alzheimer patients
    • Adler G, Brassen S: Short-term rivastigmine treatment reduces EEG slow-wave power in Alzheimer patients. Neuropsychobiology 43, 273-276 (2001).
    • (2001) Neuropsychobiology , vol.43 , pp. 273-276
    • Adler, G.1    Brassen, S.2
  • 85
    • 0000174434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) activities in CSF of mild AD patients following 12 months of rivastigmine treatment
    • P
    • Nordberg A, Darreh-Shori T, Svensson A, Guan Z: Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) activities in CSF of mild AD patients following 12 months of rivastigmine treatment. J. Neurol. Sci. 187(Suppl. 1), P0144 (2001).
    • (2001) J. Neurol. Sci , vol.187 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 0144
    • Nordberg, A.1    Darreh-Shori, T.2    Svensson, A.3    Guan, Z.4
  • 86
    • 0036315026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of acetyl- and butyryl-cholinesterase in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Alzheimer's disease by rivastigmine: Correlation with cognitive benefit
    • Giacobini E, Spiegel R, Enz A, Veroff AE, Cutler NR: Inhibition of acetyl- and butyryl-cholinesterase in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Alzheimer's disease by rivastigmine: correlation with cognitive benefit. J. Neural Transm. 109(7-8), 1053-1065 (2006).
    • (2006) J. Neural Transm , vol.109 , Issue.7-8 , pp. 1053-1065
    • Giacobini, E.1    Spiegel, R.2    Enz, A.3    Veroff, A.E.4    Cutler, N.R.5
  • 87
    • 0034963186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rivastigmine in subcortical vascular dementia: A comparison trial on efficacy and tolerability for 12 months follow up
    • Moretti R, Torre P, Antonello RM, Cazzato G: Rivastigmine in subcortical vascular dementia: a comparison trial on efficacy and tolerability for 12 months follow up. Eur. J. Neurol. 8, 361-362 (2001).
    • (2001) Eur. J. Neurol , vol.8 , pp. 361-362
    • Moretti, R.1    Torre, P.2    Antonello, R.M.3    Cazzato, G.4
  • 88
    • 22544483815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Therapy of vascular dementia: Perspectives and milestones
    • Moretti R, Torre P, Antonello, RM, Cazzato G: Therapy of vascular dementia: perspectives and milestones. Therapy 2(4), 649-658 (2005).
    • (2005) Therapy , vol.2 , Issue.4 , pp. 649-658
    • Moretti, R.1    Torre, P.2    Antonello, R.M.3    Cazzato, G.4
  • 89
    • 0037111361 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rivastigmine in subcortical vascular dementia. An open 22-month study
    • Moretti R, Torre P, Antonello RM, Cazzato G, Bava A: Rivastigmine in subcortical vascular dementia. An open 22-month study. J. Neurol. Sci. 203-204, 141-146 (2002).
    • (2002) J. Neurol. Sci , vol.203-204 , pp. 141-146
    • Moretti, R.1    Torre, P.2    Antonello, R.M.3    Cazzato, G.4    Bava, A.5
  • 90
    • 0141988917 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rivastigmine in subcortical vascular dementia: A randomized, controlled, open 12-month study in 208 patients
    • Moretti R, Torre P, Antonello RM, Cazzato G, Bava A: Rivastigmine in subcortical vascular dementia: a randomized, controlled, open 12-month study in 208 patients. Am. J. Alzheimers Dis. Other Demen. 18(5), 265-272 (2003).
    • (2003) Am. J. Alzheimers Dis. Other Demen , vol.18 , Issue.5 , pp. 265-272
    • Moretti, R.1    Torre, P.2    Antonello, R.M.3    Cazzato, G.4    Bava, A.5
  • 91
    • 2642520333 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rivastigmine superior to aspirin plus nimodipine in subcortical vascular dementia: An open, 16-month comparative study
    • Moretti R, Torre P, Antonello RM, Bava A, Cazzato G: Rivastigmine superior to aspirin plus nimodipine in subcortical vascular dementia: an open, 16-month comparative study. Int. J. Clin. Pract. 58(4), 346-353 (2004).
    • (2004) Int. J. Clin. Pract , vol.58 , Issue.4 , pp. 346-353
    • Moretti, R.1    Torre, P.2    Antonello, R.M.3    Bava, A.4    Cazzato, G.5
  • 92
    • 10044227426 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delirium in vascular dementia: Cholinesterase inhibition as a possibile therapy. A controlled, open 24-month study in 246 patients
    • Moretti R, Torre P, Antonello RM, Cattaruzza T, Cazzato G: Delirium in vascular dementia: cholinesterase inhibition as a possibile therapy. A controlled, open 24-month study in 246 patients. Am. J. Alzheimers Dis. Other Demen. 19(6), 333-339 (2004).
    • (2004) Am. J. Alzheimers Dis. Other Demen , vol.19 , Issue.6 , pp. 333-339
    • Moretti, R.1    Torre, P.2    Antonello, R.M.3    Cattaruzza, T.4    Cazzato, G.5
  • 93
    • 7644237621 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term effects of rivastigmine treatment on neuropsychiatric and behavioral disturbances in nursing home residents with moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease: Results of a 52 week open-label study
    • Aupperle PM, Koumaras B, Chen M, Rabinowicz A, Mirski D: Long-term effects of rivastigmine treatment on neuropsychiatric and behavioral disturbances in nursing home residents with moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease: results of a 52 week open-label study. Curr. Med. Res. Opin. 20(10), 1605-1612 (2004).
    • (2004) Curr. Med. Res. Opin , vol.20 , Issue.10 , pp. 1605-1612
    • Aupperle, P.M.1    Koumaras, B.2    Chen, M.3    Rabinowicz, A.4    Mirski, D.5
  • 94
    • 4344668941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of rivastigmine on behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia in Alzheimer's disease
    • Finkel SI: Effects of rivastigmine on behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia in Alzheimer's disease. Clin. Therapeutics 26(7), 980-989 (2004).
    • (2004) Clin. Therapeutics , vol.26 , Issue.7 , pp. 980-989
    • Finkel, S.I.1
  • 95
    • 0028821928 scopus 로고
    • Modulation of learning processes by ionotropic glutamate receptor ligands
    • Danysz W, Zajaczkowski W, Parsons CG: Modulation of learning processes by ionotropic glutamate receptor ligands. Behav. Pharmacol. 6, 455-474 (1995).
    • (1995) Behav. Pharmacol , vol.6 , pp. 455-474
    • Danysz, W.1    Zajaczkowski, W.2    Parsons, C.G.3
  • 96
    • 0032467053 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glutamate in CNS disorders as a target for a drug development: An update
    • Parsons C, Danysz W, Quack G: Glutamate in CNS disorders as a target for a drug development: an update. Drugs News Perspect. 11(9), 523-569 (1998).
    • (1998) Drugs News Perspect , vol.11 , Issue.9 , pp. 523-569
    • Parsons, C.1    Danysz, W.2    Quack, G.3
  • 97
    • 0023219060 scopus 로고
    • Excitotoxicity and the NMDA receptor
    • Rothman SM, Olney JW: Excitotoxicity and the NMDA receptor. Trends Neurosci. 10, 299-302 (1987).
    • (1987) Trends Neurosci , vol.10 , pp. 299-302
    • Rothman, S.M.1    Olney, J.W.2
  • 98
    • 0028799654 scopus 로고
    • Calcium: Still center-stage in hypoxic-ischemic neuronal death
    • Choi DW: Calcium: still center-stage in hypoxic-ischemic neuronal death. Trends Neurosci. 18, 58-60 (1995).
    • (1995) Trends Neurosci , vol.18 , pp. 58-60
    • Choi, D.W.1
  • 99
    • 15044338779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Failures and successes of NMDA receptor antagonists: Molecular basis for the use of open-channel blockers like memantine in the treatment of acute and chronic neurologic insults
    • Lipton SA: Failures and successes of NMDA receptor antagonists: molecular basis for the use of open-channel blockers like memantine in the treatment of acute and chronic neurologic insults. NeuroRx, 1 101-110 (2004).
    • (2004) NeuroRx , vol.1 , pp. 101-110
    • Lipton, S.A.1
  • 100
    • 0017511803 scopus 로고
    • Effects of intravenous administration of memantine in Parkinsonian patients
    • Fischer PA, Jacobi P, Schneider E et al.: Effects of intravenous administration of memantine in Parkinsonian patients. Arzneimittelforschung 27(7), 1487-1489 (1977).
    • (1977) Arzneimittelforschung , vol.27 , Issue.7 , pp. 1487-1489
    • Fischer, P.A.1    Jacobi, P.2    Schneider, E.3
  • 101
    • 0025871272 scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and tolerability of memantine in patients with dementia syndrome: A double-blind, placebo controlled trial
    • Ditzler K: Efficacy and tolerability of memantine in patients with dementia syndrome: a double-blind, placebo controlled trial. Arzneimittelforschung 41(8), 773-802 (1991).
    • (1991) Arzneimittelforschung , vol.41 , Issue.8 , pp. 773-802
    • Ditzler, K.1
  • 102
    • 0026770756 scopus 로고
    • Memantine in the treatment of mild to moderate dementia syndrome: A double-blind placebo-controlled study
    • Gortelmeyer R, Erbler H: Memantine in the treatment of mild to moderate dementia syndrome: a double-blind placebo-controlled study. Arzneimittelforschung 42(7), 904-913 (1992)
    • (1992) Arzneimittelforschung , vol.42 , Issue.7 , pp. 904-913
    • Gortelmeyer, R.1    Erbler, H.2
  • 103
    • 0001465499 scopus 로고
    • Clinical and behavioural evaluation in long-term care patients with mild to moderate dementia under memantine treatment
    • Pantev M, Ritter R, Gortelmeyer R: Clinical and behavioural evaluation in long-term care patients with mild to moderate dementia under memantine treatment. Zeitschrit Fur Gerontopsychologie Und Psychiatrie 6, 103-117 (1993).
    • (1993) Zeitschrit Fur Gerontopsychologie Und Psychiatrie , vol.6 , pp. 103-117
    • Pantev, M.1    Ritter, R.2    Gortelmeyer, R.3
  • 104
    • 0023897040 scopus 로고
    • Treatment of impaired cerebral function in psychogeriatric patients with memantine - results of a phase II double-blind study
    • Ambrozi L, Danielczyk W: Treatment of impaired cerebral function in psychogeriatric patients with memantine - results of a phase II double-blind study. Pharmacopsychiatry 21(3), 144-146 (1988).
    • (1988) Pharmacopsychiatry , vol.21 , Issue.3 , pp. 144-146
    • Ambrozi, L.1    Danielczyk, W.2
  • 105
    • 0026564448 scopus 로고
    • Open-channel block of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) responses by memantine: Therapeutic advantage against NMDA receptor-mediated neurotoxicity
    • Chen HS, Pellegrini JW, Aggarwal SK et al.: Open-channel block of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) responses by memantine: therapeutic advantage against NMDA receptor-mediated neurotoxicity. J. Neurosci. 12, 4427-4436 (1992).
    • (1992) J. Neurosci , vol.12 , pp. 4427-4436
    • Chen, H.S.1    Pellegrini, J.W.2    Aggarwal, S.K.3
  • 107
    • 0036314492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of memantine in patients with mild to moderate vascular dementia: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial (MMM 300)
    • Orgogozo JM, Rigaud AS, Stoffler A, Mobius HJ, Forette F: Efficacy and safety of memantine in patients with mild to moderate vascular dementia: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial (MMM 300) Stroke 33, 1834-1839 (2002).
    • (2002) Stroke , vol.33 , pp. 1834-1839
    • Orgogozo, J.M.1    Rigaud, A.S.2    Stoffler, A.3    Mobius, H.J.4    Forette, F.5
  • 108
    • 0036840767 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MMM 500 group: A double-blind, placebo-controlled multi centre study of memantine in mild to moderate vascular dementia (MMM500)
    • Wilcock G, Mobius HJ, Stoffler A, MMM 500 group: A double-blind, placebo-controlled multi centre study of memantine in mild to moderate vascular dementia (MMM500) Int. Clin. Psychopharmacol. 17, 297-305 (2002)
    • (2002) Int. Clin. Psychopharmacol , vol.17 , pp. 297-305
    • Wilcock, G.1    Mobius, H.J.2    Stoffler, A.3
  • 109
    • 0034850230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A 1-year follow-up study of behavioral and psychological symptoms in dementia among people in care environments
    • Ballard CG, Margallo-Lana M, Fossey J et al.: A 1-year follow-up study of behavioral and psychological symptoms in dementia among people in care environments. J. Clin. Psychiatry 62, 631-636 (2001).
    • (2001) J. Clin. Psychiatry , vol.62 , pp. 631-636
    • Ballard, C.G.1    Margallo-Lana, M.2    Fossey, J.3
  • 110
    • 0034016372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mental and behavioural disturbances in dementia: Findings from the Cache county Study on Memory in Aging
    • Lyketsos CG, Steinebrg M, Tschanz JT: Mental and behavioural disturbances in dementia: findings from the Cache county Study on Memory in Aging. Am. J. Psychiatry 157, 708-714 (2000).
    • (2000) Am. J. Psychiatry , vol.157 , pp. 708-714
    • Lyketsos, C.G.1    Steinebrg, M.2    Tschanz, J.T.3
  • 112
    • 34247277930 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kaufer D: Treatment of behavioral symptoms in Alzheimer's desease. American Academy of Neurology, MN, USA 5TP001, 7-19 (2000).
    • Kaufer D: Treatment of behavioral symptoms in Alzheimer's desease. American Academy of Neurology, MN, USA 5TP001, 7-19 (2000).
  • 113
    • 0037940230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of atypical antipsychotic drugs in patients with dementia
    • Motsinger CD, Perron GA, Lacy TJ: Use of atypical antipsychotic drugs in patients with dementia. Am. Fam. Physician 67(11), 2335-2340 (2003).
    • (2003) Am. Fam. Physician , vol.67 , Issue.11 , pp. 2335-2340
    • Motsinger, C.D.1    Perron, G.A.2    Lacy, T.J.3
  • 114
    • 1542316783 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expert Consensus Panel for using antipsychotic drugs in older patients: Using antipsychotic agents in older patients
    • Alexopoulos GS, Streim J, Carpenter D, Docherty JP: Expert Consensus Panel for using antipsychotic drugs in older patients: using antipsychotic agents in older patients. J. Clin. Psychiatry 65(S2), 5-99 (2004).
    • (2004) J. Clin. Psychiatry , vol.65 , Issue.S2 , pp. 5-99
    • Alexopoulos, G.S.1    Streim, J.2    Carpenter, D.3    Docherty, J.P.4
  • 115
    • 0037328229 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized placebo-controlled trial of risperidone in the treatment of aggression, agitation and psychosis of dementia
    • Brodaty H, Ames D, Snowdon J et al.: A randomized placebo-controlled trial of risperidone in the treatment of aggression, agitation and psychosis of dementia. J. Clin. Psychiatry 64(2), 134-143 (2003).
    • (2003) J. Clin. Psychiatry , vol.64 , Issue.2 , pp. 134-143
    • Brodaty, H.1    Ames, D.2    Snowdon, J.3
  • 116
    • 2342628427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Olanzapine (Zyprexa®), increased incidence of cerebrovascular events in dementia trials
    • Wooltorton E: Olanzapine (Zyprexa®), increased incidence of cerebrovascular events in dementia trials. CMAJ 170(9), 1395 (2004).
    • (2004) CMAJ , vol.170 , Issue.9 , pp. 1395
    • Wooltorton, E.1
  • 117
    • 0033595555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized trial of risperidone, placebo, and haloperidol for behavioral symptoms of dementia
    • de Deyn PP, Rabheru K, Rasmussen A et al.: A randomized trial of risperidone, placebo, and haloperidol for behavioral symptoms of dementia. Neurology 53, 946-955 (1999).
    • (1999) Neurology , vol.53 , pp. 946-955
    • de Deyn, P.P.1    Rabheru, K.2    Rasmussen, A.3
  • 118
    • 2942618528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atypical antipsychotics and risk of cerebrovascular accidents
    • Herrmann N, Mamdani M, Lanctôt KL: Atypical antipsychotics and risk of cerebrovascular accidents. Am. J. Psychiatry 161, 1113-1115 (2004).
    • (2004) Am. J. Psychiatry , vol.161 , pp. 1113-1115
    • Herrmann, N.1    Mamdani, M.2    Lanctôt, K.L.3
  • 119
    • 2542428510 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CSM warning on atypical psychotics and stroke may be detrimental for dementia
    • Mowat D: CSM warning on atypical psychotics and stroke may be detrimental for dementia. BMJ 328, 1262 (2004).
    • (2004) BMJ , vol.328 , pp. 1262
    • Mowat, D.1
  • 120
    • 26444540520 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Olanzapine as a possible treatment of BPSD in vascular dementia: Risk of cerebrovascular events
    • Moretti R, Torre P, Antonello RM, Cattaruzza T, Cazzato G: Olanzapine as a possible treatment of BPSD in vascular dementia: risk of cerebrovascular events. J. Neurol. 252, 1186-1193 (2005).
    • (2005) J. Neurol , vol.252 , pp. 1186-1193
    • Moretti, R.1    Torre, P.2    Antonello, R.M.3    Cattaruzza, T.4    Cazzato, G.5
  • 121
    • 0033799993 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Olanzapine treatment of psychotic and behavioral symptoms in patients with Alzheimer disease in nursing care facilities: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. The HGEU Study Group
    • Street J, Clark S, Gannon KS et al.: Olanzapine treatment of psychotic and behavioral symptoms in patients with Alzheimer disease in nursing care facilities: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. The HGEU Study Group. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 57(10), 968-976 (2000).
    • (2000) Arch. Gen. Psychiatry , vol.57 , Issue.10 , pp. 968-976
    • Street, J.1    Clark, S.2    Gannon, K.S.3
  • 122
    • 0012836543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The central cholinergic system profile of olanzapine compared with placebo in Alzheimer's disease
    • Kennedy JS, Zagar A, Bymaster F et al.: The central cholinergic system profile of olanzapine compared with placebo in Alzheimer's disease. Int. J. Geriatr. Psych. 16, S24-S32 (2001).
    • (2001) Int. J. Geriatr. Psych , vol.16
    • Kennedy, J.S.1    Zagar, A.2    Bymaster, F.3
  • 123
    • 0041966994 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of behaviour disorders specific to patients with Alzheimer disease, vascular dementia and parkinsonism: A 24-month follow-up with olanzapine
    • Moretti R, Torre P, Antonello RM, Cazzato G, Griggio S, Bava A: Treatment of behaviour disorders specific to patients with Alzheimer disease, vascular dementia and parkinsonism: a 24-month follow-up with olanzapine. Am. J. Alzheimers Dis. Other Demen. 18(4), 205-214 (2003).
    • (2003) Am. J. Alzheimers Dis. Other Demen , vol.18 , Issue.4 , pp. 205-214
    • Moretti, R.1    Torre, P.2    Antonello, R.M.3    Cazzato, G.4    Griggio, S.5    Bava, A.6
  • 125
    • 0032966714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of risperidone and placebo for psychosis and behavioural disturbances associated with dementia: A randomized, double-blind trial
    • Katz IR, Jeste DV, Mintzer JE, Clyde C, Napolitano J, Brecher M: Comparison of risperidone and placebo for psychosis and behavioural disturbances associated with dementia: a randomized, double-blind trial. J. Clin. Psychiatry 60, 107-115 (1999).
    • (1999) J. Clin. Psychiatry , vol.60 , pp. 107-115
    • Katz, I.R.1    Jeste, D.V.2    Mintzer, J.E.3    Clyde, C.4    Napolitano, J.5    Brecher, M.6
  • 126
    • 17844363843 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of antipsychotics on mortality in elderly patients with dementia: A 1-year prospective study in a nursing home
    • Suh GH, Shah A: Effect of antipsychotics on mortality in elderly patients with dementia: a 1-year prospective study in a nursing home. Int. Psychogeriatr. 17(3), 429-441 (2005).
    • (2005) Int. Psychogeriatr , vol.17 , Issue.3 , pp. 429-441
    • Suh, G.H.1    Shah, A.2
  • 127
    • 31844454079 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Minocycline attenuates white damage in a rat model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion
    • Cho KO, La HO, Cho YJ, Sung KW, Kim SY: Minocycline attenuates white damage in a rat model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion. J. Neurosci. Res. 83(2), 285-291 (2006).
    • (2006) J. Neurosci. Res , vol.83 , Issue.2 , pp. 285-291
    • Cho, K.O.1    La, H.O.2    Cho, Y.J.3    Sung, K.W.4    Kim, S.Y.5
  • 128
    • 29444445633 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preliminary pilot study of cyproterone acetate for the treatment of aggressive behavior associated with severe dementia
    • Caparros-Lefebvre D, Dewailly D: Preliminary pilot study of cyproterone acetate for the treatment of aggressive behavior associated with severe dementia. Rev. Neurol. (Paris) 161(11), 1071-1078 (2005).
    • (2005) Rev. Neurol. (Paris) , vol.161 , Issue.11 , pp. 1071-1078
    • Caparros-Lefebvre, D.1    Dewailly, D.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.