Reasoning about emotional contents following shocking terrorist attacks: A tale of three cities

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied

Volumn 13, Issue 1, 2007, Pages 47-56

  Blanchette, Isabelle ^a   Richards, Anne ^b,d   Melnyk, Laura ^c   Lavda, Anastasia ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^c UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN ONTARIO   (Canada)

^d UNIVERSITY OF LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Deduction; Emotion; Reasoning; Risk estimate; Terrorism

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AFFECT; ARTICLE; DECISION MAKING; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; RISK ASSESSMENT; TERRORISM; UNITED KINGDOM;

ADULT; AFFECT; DECISION MAKING; FEMALE; GREAT BRITAIN; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; RISK ASSESSMENT; TERRORISM;

EID: 33947690281     PISSN: 1076898X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/1076-898X.13.1.47     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. Ambady, N., & Gray, H. M. (2002). On being sad and mistaken: Mood effects on the accuracy of thin-slice judgments. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 83, 947-961.
2. Blanchette, I. (2006). The effect of emotion on interpretation and logic in a conditional reasoning task. Memory & Cognition, 34, 1112-1125.
3. Blanchette, I., & Campbell, M. (2005). The effect of emotion on syllogistic reasoning in a group of war veterans. In Proceedings of the XXVIIth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (p. 1401). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
4. Blanchette, I., & Richards, A. (2004). Reasoning about emotional and neutral materials. Is logic affected by emotion? Psychological Science, 15, 745-752.
5. Bless, H., Bohner, G., Schwarz, N., & Strack, F. (1990). Mood and persuasion: A cognitive response analysis. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 16, 311-345.
6. Bodenhausen, G. V., Gabriel, S., & Lineberger, M. (2000). Sadness and susceptibility to judgmental bias: The case of anchoring. Psychological Science, 11, 320-323.
7. Bremner, J. D., Scott, T. M., Delaney, R. C., & Southwick, S. M. (1993). Deficits in short-term memory in posttraumatic stress disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry, 150, 1015-1019.
8. Buckley, T. C., Blanchard, E. B., & Neill, T. M. (2000). Information processing and PTSD: A review of the empirical literature. Clinical Psychology Review, 28, 1041-1065.
9. Channon, S., & Baker, J. (1994). Reasoning strategies in depression: Effects of depressed mood on a syllogism task. Personality and Individual Differences, 17, 707-711.
10. Chater, N., & Oaksford, M. (2001). Human rationality and the psychology of reasoning: Where do we go from here? British Journal of Psychology, 92, 193-216.
11. Cho, J., Boyle, M. P., Keum, H., Shevy, M. D., McLeod, D. M., Shah, D. V., et al. (2003). Media, terrorism, and emotionality: Emotional differences in media content and public reactions to the September 11th terrorist attacks. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 47, 309-327.
12. Emdad, R., Sondergaard, H. P., & Theorell, T. (2005). Impairments in short-term memory, and figure logic, in PTSD patients compared to healthy controls with the same ethnic background. Stress and Health, 21, 33-44.
13. Evans, J. S., (2003). In two minds: Dual-process accounts of reasoning. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 7, 454-459.
14. Evans, J. S., Barston, J. L., & Pollard, P. (1983). On the conflict between logic and belief in syllogistic reasoning. Memory & Cognition, 11, 295-306.
15. Evans, J. S., Handley, S. J., & Harper, C. N. J. (2001). Necessity, possibility and belief: A study of syllogistic reasoning. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Experimental Psychology, 54(A), 935-958.
16. Evans, J. S., Over, D., & Manktelow, K. (1993). Reasoning, decision making and rationality. Cognition, 49, 165-187.
17. Fischhoff, B., Gonzalez, R. M., Lerner, J. S., & Small, D. A. (2005). Evolving judgments of terror risks: Foresight, hindsight, and emotion. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied, 11, 124-139.
18. Galea, S., Ahern, J., Resnick, H., Kilpatrick, D., Bucuvalas, M., Gold, J., et al. (2002). Psychological sequelae of the September 11 terrorist attacks in New York City. New England Journal of Medicine, 346, 982-987.
19. Gangemi, A., Mancini, F., & Johnson-Laird, P. N. (2006, September). Reasoning in obsessive compulsive disorder. Paper presented at the annual conference of the British Psychological Society. Lancaster, England.
20. Goel, V., & Dolan, R. J. (2003). Reciprocal neural responses within lateral and ventral medial prefrontal cortex during hot and cold reasoning. NeuroImage, 20, 2314-2321.
21. Hayes, B. C., & McAllister, I. (2005). Public support for political violence and paramilitarism in Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. Terrorism and Political Violence, 17, 599-617.
22. Lazarus, R. S., & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, appraisal, and coping. New York: Springer.
23. Lerner, J. S., Gonzalez, R. M., Small, D. A., & Fischhoff, B. (2003). Effects of fear and anger on perceived risks of terrorism: A national field experiment. Psychological Science, 14, 144-150.
24. Lerner, J. S., & Keltner, D. (2000). Beyond valence: Toward a model of emotion-specific influences on judgment and choice. Cognition & Emotion, 14, 473-493.
25. Mackie, D. M., & Worth, L. T. (1989). Processing deficits and the mediation of positive affect in persuasion. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57, 27-40.
26. McNally, R. J., Bryant, R. A., & Ehlers, A. (2003). Does early psychological intervention promote recovery from posttraumatic stress? Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 4(2), 45-79.
27. Oaksford, M., Morris, F., Grainger, B., & Williams, J. M. G. (1996). Mood, reasoning, and central executive processes. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 22, 476-492.
28. Palfai, T. P., & Salovey, P. (1993). The influence of depressed and elated mood on deductive and inductive reasoning. Imagination, Cognition, and Personality, 13, 57-71.
29. Pew Research Center for the People & the Press. (2001, September). American psyche reeling from terror attacks (survey report). Washington, DC: Author.
30. Schlenger, W. E., Caddell, J. M., Ebert, L., Jordan, B., Rourke, K. M., Wilson, D., et al. (2002). Psychological reactions to terrorist attacks: Findings from the National Study of Americans' Reactions to September 11. Journal of the American Medical Association, 288, 581-588.
31. Schuster, M. A., Stein, B. D., Jaycox, L. H., Collins, R. L., Marshall, G. N., Elliott, M. N., et al. (2001). A national survey of stress reactions after the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks. New England Journal of Medicine, 345, 1507-1512.
32. Skitka, L. J., Bauman, C. W., & Mullen, E. (2004). Political tolerance and coming to psychological closure following the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks: An integrative approach. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 30, 743-756.
33. Stanovich, K. E., & West, R. F. (2000). Individual differences in reasoning: Implications for the rationality debate? Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 23, 645-726.
34. The year since 7/7. (2006, July 7). Daily Telegraph, p. 1.
35. U. S. Department of State (2006). Country reports on terrorism 2005. (U.S. Department of State Publication No. 11324). Washington, DC: Office of the Coordinator for Counterterrorism.
36. Vasterling, J. J., Duke, L. M., Brailey, K., Constans, J. I., Allain, A. N., & Sutker, P. B. (2002). Attention, learning, and memory performances and intellectual resources in Vietnam veterans: PTSD and no disorder comparisons. Neuropsychology, 16, 5-14.
37. West, D. M., & Orr, M. (2005). Managing citizen fears: Public attitudes toward urban terrorism. Urban Affairs Review, 41, 93-105.