메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 11, Issue 1, 2007, Pages 38-48

IANA (International Academy on Nutrition and Aging) expert group: Weight loss and Alzheimer's disease

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITOR;

EID: 33947263153     PISSN: 12797707     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (139)

References (50)
  • 1
    • 0023082871 scopus 로고
    • Nutritional status and dietary intake in institutionalized patients with Alzheimer's disease and multiinfarct dementia
    • Sandman P.O., Adolfsson R., Nygren C. et al. Nutritional status and dietary intake in institutionalized patients with Alzheimer's disease and multiinfarct dementia. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 1987 ; 35 : 31-8.
    • (1987) J. Am. Geriatr. Soc , vol.35 , pp. 31-38
    • Sandman, P.O.1    Adolfsson, R.2    Nygren, C.3
  • 3
    • 0024359601 scopus 로고
    • Dietary intake and clinical anthropometric and biochemical indices of malnutrition in elderly demented patients and non-demented subjects
    • Burns A., Marsh G.P., Bender D. Dietary intake and clinical anthropometric and biochemical indices of malnutrition in elderly demented patients and non-demented subjects. Psychol. Med. 1989 ; 19 : 383-91.
    • (1989) Psychol. Med , vol.19 , pp. 383-391
    • Burns, A.1    Marsh, G.P.2    Bender, D.3
  • 4
    • 0024354302 scopus 로고
    • Nutritional status of free-living Alzheimer's patients
    • Renvall M.J., Spindler A.A., Ramsdell J.W., et al. Nutritional status of free-living Alzheimer's patients. Am. J. Med. Sci. 1989 ; 298 : 20-7.
    • (1989) Am. J. Med. Sci , vol.298 , pp. 20-27
    • Renvall, M.J.1    Spindler, A.A.2    Ramsdell, J.W.3
  • 5
    • 0028133303 scopus 로고
    • Review : Weight loss in Alzheimer's disease
    • Seth R.V. Review : weight loss in Alzheimer's disease. Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry. 1994; 9: 605-10.
    • (1994) Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry , vol.9 , pp. 605-610
    • Seth, R.V.1
  • 6
  • 7
    • 0031023198 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weight loss in people with Alzheimer's disease : A prospective population based analysis
    • Cronin Stubbs D., Beckett L.A., Scherr P.A. et al. Weight loss in people with Alzheimer's disease : a prospective population based analysis. BMJ 1997 ; 314 : 178-9.
    • (1997) BMJ , vol.314 , pp. 178-179
    • Cronin Stubbs, D.1    Beckett, L.A.2    Scherr, P.A.3
  • 8
    • 0031688847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A prospective study of changes in nutritional status in Alzheimer's patients
    • Guyonnet S., Nourhashemi F., Andrieu S., et al. A prospective study of changes in nutritional status in Alzheimer's patients. Arch. Gerontol. Geriatr. 1998 ; suppl. 6 : 255-262.
    • (1998) Arch. Gerontol. Geriatr , Issue.SUPPL. 6 , pp. 255-262
    • Guyonnet, S.1    Nourhashemi, F.2    Andrieu, S.3
  • 9
    • 0033978669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gillette-Guyonnet S., Nourhashemi F., Andrieu S., et al. Weight loss in Alzheimer's disease. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2000 ; 71 (2 part 2) : 613 S-618 S.
    • Gillette-Guyonnet S., Nourhashemi F., Andrieu S., et al. Weight loss in Alzheimer's disease. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2000 ; 71 (2 part 2) : 613 S-618 S.
  • 10
    • 24044474066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Different modes of weight loss in Alzheimer disease: A prospective study of 395 patients
    • Guerin O., Andrieu S., Schneider S.M., et al. Different modes of weight loss in Alzheimer disease: a prospective study of 395 patients. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2005 ; 82 (2) : 435-41.
    • (2005) Am. J. Clin. Nutr , vol.82 , Issue.2 , pp. 435-441
    • Guerin, O.1    Andrieu, S.2    Schneider, S.M.3
  • 11
    • 0028960608 scopus 로고
    • Involuntary weight loss in older outpatients : Incidence and clinical insignifiance
    • Wallace J.I., Schwartz R.S., LaCroix A.Z. et al. Involuntary weight loss in older outpatients : incidence and clinical insignifiance. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 1995 ; 43 : 329-37.
    • (1995) J. Am. Geriatr. Soc , vol.43 , pp. 329-337
    • Wallace, J.I.1    Schwartz, R.S.2    LaCroix, A.Z.3
  • 12
    • 16444370821 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term cholinergic treatment is not associated with greater risk of weight loss during Alzheimer's disease: Data from the French REAL.FR cohort
    • Gillette-Guyonnet S., Cortes F., Cantet C., et al. Long-term cholinergic treatment is not associated with greater risk of weight loss during Alzheimer's disease: data from the French REAL.FR cohort. J. Nutr. Health Aging. 2005 ; 9 (2) : 69-73.
    • (2005) J. Nutr. Health Aging , vol.9 , Issue.2 , pp. 69-73
    • Gillette-Guyonnet, S.1    Cortes, F.2    Cantet, C.3
  • 13
    • 0029846196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weight loss precedes dementia in community-dwelling older adults
    • Barrett-Connor E., Edelstein S.L., Corey-Bloom J., et al. Weight loss precedes dementia in community-dwelling older adults. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 1996 ; 44 : 1147-52.
    • (1996) J. Am. Geriatr. Soc , vol.44 , pp. 1147-1152
    • Barrett-Connor, E.1    Edelstein, S.L.2    Corey-Bloom, J.3
  • 14
    • 0037435506 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Body mass index and incidence of dementia: The PAQUID study
    • Nourhashemi F., Deschamps V., Larrieu S., et al. Body mass index and incidence of dementia: the PAQUID study. Neurology. 2003 ; 60 (1) : 117-9.
    • (2003) Neurology , vol.60 , Issue.1 , pp. 117-119
    • Nourhashemi, F.1    Deschamps, V.2    Larrieu, S.3
  • 15
    • 25444473999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Change in body mass index and risk of incident Alzheimer's disease
    • Buchman A.S., Wilson R.S., Bienias J.L., et al. Change in body mass index and risk of incident Alzheimer's disease. Neurology. 2005 ; 65,6 : 892-897.
    • (2005) Neurology , vol.65 , Issue.6 , pp. 892-897
    • Buchman, A.S.1    Wilson, R.S.2    Bienias, J.L.3
  • 16
    • 12144268588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A 32-year prospective study of change in body weight and incident dementia : The Honolulu-Asia Aging Study
    • Stewart R., Masaki K., Xue Q.L., et al. A 32-year prospective study of change in body weight and incident dementia : the Honolulu-Asia Aging Study. Arch. Neurol. 2005; 62(1): 55-60.
    • (2005) Arch. Neurol , vol.62 , Issue.1 , pp. 55-60
    • Stewart, R.1    Masaki, K.2    Xue, Q.L.3
  • 17
    • 0025993138 scopus 로고
    • Low body mass index in demented outpatients
    • Berlinger W.G., Potter J.F. Low body mass index in demented outpatients. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 1991 ; 39 : 973-8.
    • (1991) J. Am. Geriatr. Soc , vol.39 , pp. 973-978
    • Berlinger, W.G.1    Potter, J.F.2
  • 18
    • 0029888681 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low body weight in Alzheimer's disease is associated with mesial temporal cortex atrophy
    • Grundman M., Corey-Bloom J., Jernigan T., et al. Low body weight in Alzheimer's disease is associated with mesial temporal cortex atrophy. Neurology. 1996 ; 46 : 1585-91.
    • (1996) Neurology , vol.46 , pp. 1585-1591
    • Grundman, M.1    Corey-Bloom, J.2    Jernigan, T.3
  • 19
    • 0028278034 scopus 로고
    • Neuropetpide Y in hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus : A center coordinating energy metabolism
    • Billington C.J., Briggs J.E., Harker S. et al. Neuropetpide Y in hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus : a center coordinating energy metabolism. Am. J. Physiol. 1994 ; 266 : R1765-70.
    • (1994) Am. J. Physiol , vol.266
    • Billington, C.J.1    Briggs, J.E.2    Harker, S.3
  • 20
    • 0029861001 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuropetide changes in dementia : Pathogenetic implications and diagnostic value
    • Valenti G. Neuropetide changes in dementia : pathogenetic implications and diagnostic value. Gerontology 1996 ; 42 : 241-56.
    • (1996) Gerontology , vol.42 , pp. 241-256
    • Valenti, G.1
  • 21
    • 0027991714 scopus 로고
    • Hyperinsulinaemia and Alzheimer's disease
    • Razay G., Gordon K.W. Hyperinsulinaemia and Alzheimer's disease. Age Ageing 1994 ; 23 : 396-99.
    • (1994) Age Ageing , vol.23 , pp. 396-399
    • Razay, G.1    Gordon, K.W.2
  • 22
    • 0035852932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ApoE4 is associated with weight loss in women with Alzheimer's disease
    • Vanhanen M. et al. ApoE4 is associated with weight loss in women with Alzheimer's disease. Neurology. 2001 ; 56 : 655-659.
    • (2001) Neurology , vol.56 , pp. 655-659
    • Vanhanen, M.1
  • 23
    • 0033861827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The future of cholinergic replacement therapy in Alzheimer's disease. Current Opinion in CNPS Investigational
    • Schneider L.S. The future of cholinergic replacement therapy in Alzheimer's disease. Current Opinion in CNPS Investigational Drugs. 2000 ; 2,4 : 427-437.
    • (2000) Drugs , vol.2 , Issue.4 , pp. 427-437
    • Schneider, L.S.1
  • 24
    • 33646923102 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gillette-Guyonnet S., Andrieu S., Cortes F., et al. Outcome of Alzheimer's disease : potential impact of cholinesterase inhibitors. J. of Gerontology : Medical Sciences. 2006; 61 (5) : 516-520.
    • Gillette-Guyonnet S., Andrieu S., Cortes F., et al. Outcome of Alzheimer's disease : potential impact of cholinesterase inhibitors. J. of Gerontology : Medical Sciences. 2006; 61 (5) : 516-520.
  • 25
    • 33947224635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blandford G, et al. Assessing abnormal feeding behavior in dementia: a taxonomy and initial findings. In: Vellas B, et al. (eds). Weight loss and eating behaviour in Alzheimer's patients. Research and Practice in Alzheimer Disease, SERDI, Paris, 1998; pp 49-66
    • Blandford G, et al. Assessing abnormal feeding behavior in dementia: a taxonomy and initial findings. In: Vellas B, et al. (eds). Weight loss and eating behaviour in Alzheimer's patients. Research and Practice in Alzheimer Disease, SERDI, Paris, 1998; pp 49-66
  • 26
    • 0024841575 scopus 로고
    • Is severe wasting in elderly mental patients caused by an excessive energy requirement?
    • May;
    • Prentice AM, Leavesley K, Murgatroyd PR et al. Is severe wasting in elderly mental patients caused by an excessive energy requirement?. Age Ageing. 1989 May;18(3):158-67.
    • (1989) Age Ageing , vol.18 , Issue.3 , pp. 158-167
    • Prentice, A.M.1    Leavesley, K.2    Murgatroyd, P.R.3
  • 27
    • 0031670604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Association of weight change in Alzheimer's Disease with severity of disease and mortality : A longitudinal analysis
    • White H., Pieper C., Schmader K. The Association of weight change in Alzheimer's Disease with severity of disease and mortality : a longitudinal analysis. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 1998 ; 46 : 1223-1227.
    • (1998) J. Am. Geriatr. Soc , vol.46 , pp. 1223-1227
    • White, H.1    Pieper, C.2    Schmader, K.3
  • 29
    • 2842601494 scopus 로고
    • Mini Nutritional Assessment : A practical assessment tool for grading the nutritional state of elderly patients
    • Guigoz Y., Vellas B., Garry P.J. Mini Nutritional Assessment : a practical assessment tool for grading the nutritional state of elderly patients. Facts and Research in Gerontology. 1994 ; 2 : 15-59.
    • (1994) Facts and Research in Gerontology , vol.2 , pp. 15-59
    • Guigoz, Y.1    Vellas, B.2    Garry, P.J.3
  • 30
    • 0034970474 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutritional risk factors for institutional placement in Alzheimer's disease after one year follow-up
    • Andrieu S., Reynish W., Nourhashemi F., et al. Nutritional risk factors for institutional placement in Alzheimer's disease after one year follow-up. J. Nutr. Health Aging. 2001 ; 5 (2) : 113-7.
    • (2001) J. Nutr. Health Aging , vol.5 , Issue.2 , pp. 113-117
    • Andrieu, S.1    Reynish, W.2    Nourhashemi, F.3
  • 31
    • 16444361963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of nutritional status on the evolution of Alzheimer's disease and on response to acetylcholinesterase inhibitor treatment
    • Vellas B., Lauque S., Gillette-Guyonnet S., et al. Impact of nutritional status on the evolution of Alzheimer's disease and on response to acetylcholinesterase inhibitor treatment. J. Nutr. Health Aging. 2005 ; 9 (2) :75-80.
    • (2005) J. Nutr. Health Aging , vol.9 , Issue.2 , pp. 75-80
    • Vellas, B.1    Lauque, S.2    Gillette-Guyonnet, S.3
  • 32
    • 0035238622 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rivière S., Gillette-Guyonnet S., Voisin T., et al. A nutritional education program could prevent weight loss and slow cognitive decline in Alzheimer's Disease. The Journal of Nutrition, Health and Aging. 2001 ; 5 (4) : 295-299.
    • Rivière S., Gillette-Guyonnet S., Voisin T., et al. A nutritional education program could prevent weight loss and slow cognitive decline in Alzheimer's Disease. The Journal of Nutrition, Health and Aging. 2001 ; 5 (4) : 295-299.
  • 33
    • 6944220100 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improvement of weight and fat-free mass with oral nutritional supplementation in patients with Alzheimer's disease at risk of malnutrition: A prospective randomized study
    • Lauque S., Arnaud-Battandier F., Gillette S., et al. Improvement of weight and fat-free mass with oral nutritional supplementation in patients with Alzheimer's disease at risk of malnutrition: a prospective randomized study. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 2004 ; 52 (10):1702-7.
    • (2004) J. Am. Geriatr. Soc , vol.52 , Issue.10 , pp. 1702-1707
    • Lauque, S.1    Arnaud-Battandier, F.2    Gillette, S.3
  • 34
    • 0033005224 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) and its use in grading the nutritional state in elderly patients
    • Vellas B., Guigoz Y., Garry P., et al. The Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) and its use in grading the nutritional state in elderly patients. Nutrition. 1999 ; 15 : 116-122.
    • (1999) Nutrition , vol.15 , pp. 116-122
    • Vellas, B.1    Guigoz, Y.2    Garry, P.3
  • 35
    • 33947263165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gazzotti C, Pepinster A, Petermans J, et al. A interobserver agreement on MNA nutritional scale of hospitalized elderly patients. J. Nutr. H
    • Gazzotti C., Pepinster A., Petermans J., et al. A interobserver agreement on MNA nutritional scale of hospitalized elderly patients. J. Nutr. H
  • 36
    • 0033552295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tube feeding in patients with advanced dementia : A review of the incidence
    • Finucane T.E., Christmas C., Travis K. Tube feeding in patients with advanced dementia : a review of the incidence. JAMA. 1999 ; 282 (14) : 1365-1370.
    • (1999) JAMA , vol.282 , Issue.14 , pp. 1365-1370
    • Finucane, T.E.1    Christmas, C.2    Travis, K.3
  • 37
    • 29544439743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Consensus sur la démence de type Alrheimer au stade sévère. La Revue de Gériatrie
    • Nov
    • Vellas B., Gauthier S., Allain H., Andrieu S., et al. Consensus sur la démence de type Alrheimer au stade sévère. La Revue de Gériatrie, Tome 30, no9. Nov 2005 : 627-640.
    • (2005) Tome , vol.30 , Issue.NO9 , pp. 627-640
    • Vellas, B.1    Gauthier, S.2    Allain, H.3    Andrieu, S.4
  • 38
    • 0032795373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors influencing the proportion of food consumed by nursing home residents with dementia
    • Amella E.J. Factors influencing the proportion of food consumed by nursing home residents with dementia. JAGS 1999 ; 47,7 : 879-85.
    • (1999) JAGS , vol.47 , Issue.7 , pp. 879-885
    • Amella, E.J.1
  • 39
    • 0038494075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An 18-year follow-up of overweight and risk of Alzheimer disease. Arch. Intern. Med
    • 14; 163 13
    • Gustafson D., Rothenberg E., Blennow K., et al. An 18-year follow-up of overweight and risk of Alzheimer disease. Arch. Intern. Med. 2003 14; 163 (13): 1524-8.
    • (2003) , pp. 1524-1528
    • Gustafson, D.1    Rothenberg, E.2    Blennow, K.3
  • 40
    • 20544462061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Whitmer R.A., Gunderson E.P., Barrett-Connor E., et al. Obesity in middle age and future risk of dementia: a 27 year longitudinal population based study. BMJ. 2005; 330 (7504): 1360. Epub 2005 Apr 29.
    • Whitmer R.A., Gunderson E.P., Barrett-Connor E., et al. Obesity in middle age and future risk of dementia: a 27 year longitudinal population based study. BMJ. 2005; 330 (7504): 1360. Epub 2005 Apr 29.
  • 41
    • 26444463825 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obesity and vascular risk factors at midlife and the risk of dementia and Alzheimer disease
    • Kivipelto M., Ngandu T., Fratiglioni L., et al. Obesity and vascular risk factors at midlife and the risk of dementia and Alzheimer disease. Arch. Neurol. 2005; 62 (10): 1556-60.
    • (2005) Arch. Neurol , vol.62 , Issue.10 , pp. 1556-1560
    • Kivipelto, M.1    Ngandu, T.2    Fratiglioni, L.3
  • 42
    • 0029549028 scopus 로고
    • Effects of dietary supplementation of elderly demented hospital residents
    • Carver A.D., Dobson A.M. Effects of dietary supplementation of elderly demented hospital residents. J. Hum. Nutr. Diet. 1995; 8 (6): 389-94.
    • (1995) J. Hum. Nutr. Diet , vol.8 , Issue.6 , pp. 389-394
    • Carver, A.D.1    Dobson, A.M.2
  • 43
    • 85047699535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Study of the effect of a liquid nutrition supplement on the nutritional status of psycho-geriatric nursing home patients
    • Wouters-Wesseling W., Wouters A.E., Kleijer C.N., et al. Study of the effect of a liquid nutrition supplement on the nutritional status of psycho-geriatric nursing home patients. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. 2002; 56: 245-51.
    • (2002) Eur. J. Clin. Nutr , vol.56 , pp. 245-251
    • Wouters-Wesseling, W.1    Wouters, A.E.2    Kleijer, C.N.3
  • 44
    • 85061887264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of nutritional intervention in elderly subjects residing in group-living for the demented
    • Faxen-Irving G., Andren-Olsson B., af Geijerstam A., et al. The effect of nutritional intervention in elderly subjects residing in group-living for the demented. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. 2002; 56: 22.
    • (2002) Eur. J. Clin. Nutr , vol.56 , pp. 22
    • Faxen-Irving, G.1    Andren-Olsson, B.2    af Geijerstam, A.3
  • 45
    • 0042129946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DEMENU group. Dementia and Nutrition. Intervention study in institutionalized patients with Alzheimer disease
    • Gil Gregorio P., Ramirez Diaz S.P., Ribera Casado J.M., DEMENU group. Dementia and Nutrition. Intervention study in institutionalized patients with Alzheimer disease. J. Nutr. Health Aging. 2003; 7: 304-8.
    • (2003) J. Nutr. Health Aging , vol.7 , pp. 304-308
    • Gil Gregorio, P.1    Ramirez Diaz, S.P.2    Ribera Casado, J.M.3
  • 46
    • 33947286226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of weight loss in dementia with comprehensive nutritional treatment
    • Keller H.H., Gibbs A.J., Boudreau L.D., et al. Prevention of weight loss in dementia with comprehensive nutritional treatment. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 2004; 52: 1216-7.
    • (2004) J. Am. Geriatr. Soc , vol.52 , pp. 1216-1217
    • Keller, H.H.1    Gibbs, A.J.2    Boudreau, L.D.3
  • 47
    • 3843140418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Providing nutrition supplements to institutionalized seniors with probable Alzheimer's disease is least beneficial to those with low body weight status
    • Young K.W., Greenwood C.E., van Reekum R., et al. Providing nutrition supplements to institutionalized seniors with probable Alzheimer's disease is least beneficial to those with low body weight status. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 2004; 52: 1305-12.
    • (2004) J. Am. Geriatr. Soc , vol.52 , pp. 1305-1312
    • Young, K.W.1    Greenwood, C.E.2    van Reekum, R.3
  • 48
    • 24144498410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized, crossover trial of high-carbohydrate foods in nursing home residents with Alzheimer's disease: Associations among intervention response, body mass index, and behavioral and cognitive function
    • Young K.W., Greenwood C.E., van Reekum R., et al. A randomized, crossover trial of high-carbohydrate foods in nursing home residents with Alzheimer's disease: associations among intervention response, body mass index, and behavioral and cognitive function. J. Gerontol. A. Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. 2005; 60: 1039-45.
    • (2005) J. Gerontol. A. Biol. Sci. Med. Sci , vol.60 , pp. 1039-1045
    • Young, K.W.1    Greenwood, C.E.2    van Reekum, R.3
  • 49
    • 20844442620 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of oral administration of a whole formula diet on nutritional and cognitive status in patients with Alzheimer's disease
    • Salas-Salvado J., Torres M., Planas M., et al. Effect of oral administration of a whole formula diet on nutritional and cognitive status in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Clin. Nutr. 2005; 24: 390-7.
    • (2005) Clin. Nutr , vol.24 , pp. 390-397
    • Salas-Salvado, J.1    Torres, M.2    Planas, M.3
  • 50
    • 33645648191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wouters-Wesseling W., Slump E., Kleijer C.N., et al., van Staveren W.A. Early nutritional supplementation immediately after diagnosis of infectious disease improves body weight in psychogeriatric nursing home residents. Aging Clin. Exp. Res. 2006; 18: 70-4.
    • Wouters-Wesseling W., Slump E., Kleijer C.N., et al., van Staveren W.A. Early nutritional supplementation immediately after diagnosis of infectious disease improves body weight in psychogeriatric nursing home residents. Aging Clin. Exp. Res. 2006; 18: 70-4.


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.