From collapsing state neo-trusteeship: The limits to solving the problem of 'precarious statehood' in the 21st century

Third World Quarterly

Volumn 28, Issue 2, 2007, Pages 231-244

  Caplan, Richard ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

POLITICAL CHANGE; POST-COLD WAR; SOVEREIGNTY; STATE BUILDING; TWENTY FIRST CENTURY;

EID: 33847383626     PISSN: 01436597     EISSN: 13602241     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/01436590601153622     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. See, for instance, GB Helman & SR Ratner, 'Saving failed states', Foreign Policy, 89, 1992-93, pp 3-20
2. P Lyon, 'The rise and fall and possible revival of international trusteeship', Journal of Commonwealth & Comparative Politics, 31 (1), 1993, pp 96-110.
3. M Indyk, 'A trusteeship for Palestine?, Foreign A.airs, 82 (3), 2003, pp 51-66.
4. See also SD Krasner, 'Sharing sovereignty: New institutions for collapsed and failing states', International Security, 29 (2), 2004, pp 85-120.
5. R Wilde, 'From Danzig to East Timor and beyond: The role of the International Territorial Administration', American Journal of International Law, 95 (3), 2001, pp 583-606. One could also add the administrative aspects of the UN Operation in the Congo (UNOC) (1960-64).
6. See SR Ratner, The New UN Peacekeeping: Building Peace in Lands of Con.ict after Civil War, New York: St Martin's Press, 1994.
7. For use of the term 'peace building', see An Agenda for Peace: Preventive Diplomacy, Peacemaking and Peacekeeping (Report of the Secretary-General pursuant to the statement adopted by the Summit Meeting of the Security Council on 31 January 1992), UN Doc A/47/277-S/ 24111, 17 June 1992, para 55.
8. This section draws from G Downs & SJ Stedman, 'Evaluation issues in peace implementation', in SJ Stedman, D Rothchild & EM Cousens (eds), Ending Civil Wars: The Implementation of Peace Agreements, Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner, 2002, pp 43-69.
9. Cited in A Goldstone, 'UNTAET with hindsight: The peculiarities of politics in an incomplete state', Global Governance, 10 (1), 2004, p 83.
10. J Chopra, 'Building state failure in East Timor', Development and Change, 33 (5), 2002, p 979.
11. P Collier & A Hoeffer, 'On the incidence of civil war in Africa', Journal of Conflict Resolution, 46 (1), 2002, p 17.
12. J Dobbins et al, The UN's Role in Nation-Building, Washington, DC: RAND Corporation, 2004, chs 12, 13.
13. United Nations General Assembly and Security Council, 'Report of the Panel on United Nations Peace Operations' (the Brahimi Report), UN Document A/55/505-S/2000/809, 21 August 2000, para 87.
14. KZ Marten, Enforcing the Peace: Learning from the Imperial Past, New York: Columbia University Press, 2004.
15. JD Fearon & DD Laitin, 'Neotrusteeship and the problem of weak states', International Security, 28 (4), 2004, p 21.
16. JG Ruggie, 'Why the UN is no quick fix', Washington Post, 26 October 2001.
17. This is also true of military occupations. See DM Edelstein, 'Occupation hazards: Why military occupations succeed or fail', International Security, 29 (1), 2004, pp 49-91.
18. Office of the High Representative, 27th Report by the High Representative for Implementation of the Peace Agreement to the Secretary-General of the United Nations, 12 April 2005.
19. 'Bosnia: Good tidings', The Economist, 20 December 2003.
20. European Stability Initiative, 'The Helsinki Moment: European Member-State Building in the Balkans', Berlin and Sarajevo, 1 February 2005, at http://www.esiweb.org/pdf/esi_document_id_65.pdf.
21. J Dobbins et al, America's Role in Nation-Building: From Germany to Iraq, Washington, DC: RAND Corporation, 2003, p 161.
22. Hungary and Romania are a case in point. It was only when NATO made the resolution of longstanding border and minority issues between Hungary and Romania a condition for their membership that protracted negotiations between the two countries were concluded and a basic treaty signed in 1996. J Blocker, 'Romania/Hungary: Historic basic treaty signed today', RFE/RL Weekday Magazine, 16 September 1996.
23. RH Jackson, Quasi-states: Sovereignty, International Relations and the Third World, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990, pp 26-31.
24. European Stability Initiative, 'Governance and Democracy in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Post-industrial Society and the Authoritarian Temptation', Berlin and Sarajevo, 11 October 2004, at http://www.esiweb.org/pdf/ esi_document_id_63.pdf.
25. L Whitehead, 'Three international dimensions of democratization', in Whitehead (ed), The International Dimensions of Democratization: Europe and the Americas, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001, pp 5-8.
26. SD Krasner, 'Sharing sovereignty: New institutions for collapsed and failing states', International Security, 29 (2), 2004, p 105.
27. Per capita assistance to Germany during the first two post-confiict years was little more than $200; per capita assistance to BiH during the same period of time was $1400 (in constant dollars). Figures from JF Dobbins, 'America's role in nation-building: From Germany to Iraq', Survival, 45 (4), 2003-04, p 96.
28. J White & AS Tyson, 'Rumsfeld offers strategies for current war', Washington Post, 3 February 2006.
29. R Cooper, The Post-modern State and World Order, London: Demos/Foreign Policy Centre, 2000, p 11.
30. Human Rights Watch, 'The aftermath of September 11 - the tightening of immigration policies', Statement by Human Rights Watch on the Occasion of the Euro-Mediterranean Civil Forum, Valencia, 13 April 2002.
31. B Pouligny, Peacekeeping from Below: UN Missions and Local People, London: Hurst & Co, 2005.
32. R Caplan, 'Partner or patron? International civil administration and local capacity-building', International Peacekeeping, 11 (2), 2005, pp 229-247
33. L Brahimi, 'Statement by Lakhdar Brahimi', delivered at the conference on 'Beyond Cold Peace: Strategies for Economic Reconstruction and Post-conflict Management', German Ministry of Foreign A.airs, Berlin, 27 October 2004 (emphasis in original).
34. General Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Annex 10.
35. United Nations Secretary-General, 'A Comprehensive Review of the Situation in Kosovo', 7 October 2005.
36. R Caplan, 'International authority and state building: The case of Bosnia and Herzegovina', Global Governance, 10 (1), 2004, pp 53-65.
37. Krasner, 'Sharing sovereignty', p 108.
38. World Bank, 'Chad - (Cameroon) Petroleum Development and Pipeline Project', Report No PID5209, 23 June 1999.
39. Transparency International, Corruption Perceptions Index 2005, at http://www.transparency.org/policy_research/surveys_indices/cpi/2005.
40. I Gary & N Reisch, 'Chad's oil: Miracle or mirage? Following the money in Africa's newest petrostate', Catholic Relief Services and Bank Information Center, February 2005.
41. Krasner, 'Sharing sovereignty', p 113, at http://www.crs.org.
42. On these and other characteristics of postcolonial Africa, see P Chabal & J-P Daloz, Africa Works: Disorder as Political Instrument, Oxford and Bloomington, IN: James Currey and Indiana University Press, 1999.
43. D Harland, 'Legitimacy and effectiveness in international administration', Global Governance, 10 (1), 2004, pp 15-19.