메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 102, Issue 3, 2007, Pages 589-597

Smoking habit and load influence age at diagnosis and disease extent in ulcerative colitis

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; CIGARETTE SMOKING; COHORT ANALYSIS; COLONOSCOPY; CONFIDENCE INTERVAL; DATA ANALYSIS; DISEASE COURSE; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; HAZARD RATIO; HISTOLOGY; HUMAN; INFORMATION PROCESSING; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PATHOGENESIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROPORTIONAL HAZARDS MODEL; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; SMOKING; SMOKING HABIT; ULCERATIVE COLITIS;

EID: 33847273087     PISSN: 00029270     EISSN: 15720241     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2007.01065.x     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (73)

References (54)
  • 1
    • 0038644732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetics of inflammatory bowel disease: Scientific and clinical implications
    • Satsangi J, Morecroft J, Shah NB, et al. Genetics of inflammatory bowel disease: Scientific and clinical implications. Best Prac Res Clin Gastroenterol 2003;17:3-18.
    • (2003) Best Prac Res Clin Gastroenterol , vol.17 , pp. 3-18
    • Satsangi, J.1    Morecroft, J.2    Shah, N.B.3
  • 2
    • 3342988481 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammatory bowel disease: The role of environmental factors
    • Danese S, Sans M, Fiocchi C. Inflammatory bowel disease: The role of environmental factors. Autoimm Rev 2004;3:394-400.
    • (2004) Autoimm Rev , vol.3 , pp. 394-400
    • Danese, S.1    Sans, M.2    Fiocchi, C.3
  • 3
    • 0032707898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Animal models of mucosal inflammation and their relation to human inflammatory bowel disease
    • Blumberg RS, Saubermann LJ, Strober W. Animal models of mucosal inflammation and their relation to human inflammatory bowel disease. Curr Opin Immunol 1999;11:648-56.
    • (1999) Curr Opin Immunol , vol.11 , pp. 648-656
    • Blumberg, R.S.1    Saubermann, L.J.2    Strober, W.3
  • 4
    • 0142053206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The immunological and genetic basis of inflammatory bowel disease
    • Bouma G, Strober W. The immunological and genetic basis of inflammatory bowel disease. Nat Rev Immunol 2003;3:521-33.
    • (2003) Nat Rev Immunol , vol.3 , pp. 521-533
    • Bouma, G.1    Strober, W.2
  • 5
    • 0029875942 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in extent of ulcerative colitis: A study on the course and prognostic factors
    • Langholz E, Munkholm P, Davidsen M, et al. Changes in extent of ulcerative colitis: A study on the course and prognostic factors. Scand J Gastroenterol 1996;31:260-6.
    • (1996) Scand J Gastroenterol , vol.31 , pp. 260-266
    • Langholz, E.1    Munkholm, P.2    Davidsen, M.3
  • 6
    • 0032975986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Change in the extent of colonoscopic and histological involvement in ulcerative colitis over time
    • Moum B, Ekbom A, Vatn M, et al. Change in the extent of colonoscopic and histological involvement in ulcerative colitis over time. Am J Gastroenterol 1999;94:1564-9.
    • (1999) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.94 , pp. 1564-1569
    • Moum, B.1    Ekbom, A.2    Vatn, M.3
  • 7
    • 0027193194 scopus 로고
    • Clinical patterns, natural history, and progression of ulcerative colitis. A long-term follow-up of 1116 patients
    • Farmer RG, Easley KA, Rankin GB. Clinical patterns, natural history, and progression of ulcerative colitis. A long-term follow-up of 1116 patients. Dig Dis Sci 1993;38:1137-46.
    • (1993) Dig Dis Sci , vol.38 , pp. 1137-1146
    • Farmer, R.G.1    Easley, K.A.2    Rankin, G.B.3
  • 8
    • 0030011214 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progression of ulcerative proctosigmoiditis: Incidence and factors influencing progression
    • Ayres RC, Gillen CD, Walmsley RS, et al. Progression of ulcerative proctosigmoiditis: Incidence and factors influencing progression. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1996;8:555-8.
    • (1996) Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol , vol.8 , pp. 555-558
    • Ayres, R.C.1    Gillen, C.D.2    Walmsley, R.S.3
  • 9
    • 0033952947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The natural history of ulcerative proctitis: A multicenter, retrospective study. Gruppo di Studio per le Malattie Infiammatorie Intestinali (GSMII)
    • Meucci G, Vecchi M, Astegiano M, et al. The natural history of ulcerative proctitis: A multicenter, retrospective study. Gruppo di Studio per le Malattie Infiammatorie Intestinali (GSMII). Am J Gastroenterol 2000;95:469-73.
    • (2000) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.95 , pp. 469-473
    • Meucci, G.1    Vecchi, M.2    Astegiano, M.3
  • 10
    • 14944341671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Allelic variations of the multidrug resistance gene determine susceptibility and disease behavior in ulcerative colitis
    • Ho GT, Nimmo ER, Tenesa A, et al. Allelic variations of the multidrug resistance gene determine susceptibility and disease behavior in ulcerative colitis. Gastroenterology 2005;128:288-96.
    • (2005) Gastroenterology , vol.128 , pp. 288-296
    • Ho, G.T.1    Nimmo, E.R.2    Tenesa, A.3
  • 11
    • 0030912011 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic markers may predict disease behavior in patients with ulcerative colitis
    • Roussomoustakaki M, Satsangi J, Welsh K, et al. Genetic markers may predict disease behavior in patients with ulcerative colitis. Gastroenterology 1997;112:1845-53.
    • (1997) Gastroenterology , vol.112 , pp. 1845-1853
    • Roussomoustakaki, M.1    Satsangi, J.2    Welsh, K.3
  • 12
    • 0038620498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammatory bowel disease in a Swedish twin cohort: A long-term follow-up of concordance and clinical characteristics
    • Halfvarson J, Bodin L, Tysk C, et al. Inflammatory bowel disease in a Swedish twin cohort: A long-term follow-up of concordance and clinical characteristics. Gastroenterology 2003;124:1767-73.
    • (2003) Gastroenterology , vol.124 , pp. 1767-1773
    • Halfvarson, J.1    Bodin, L.2    Tysk, C.3
  • 13
    • 2442651765 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tobacco and IBD: Relevance in the understanding of disease mechanisms and clinical practice
    • Cosnes J. Tobacco and IBD: Relevance in the understanding of disease mechanisms and clinical practice. Best Prac Res Clin Gastroenterol 2004;18:481-96.
    • (2004) Best Prac Res Clin Gastroenterol , vol.18 , pp. 481-496
    • Cosnes, J.1
  • 14
    • 0242500914 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is smoking an indirect risk factor for the development of ulcerative colitis? An age- and sex-matched case-control study
    • Abraham N, Selby W, Lazarus R, et al. Is smoking an indirect risk factor for the development of ulcerative colitis? An age- and sex-matched case-control study. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2003;18:139-46.
    • (2003) J Gastroenterol Hepatol , vol.18 , pp. 139-146
    • Abraham, N.1    Selby, W.2    Lazarus, R.3
  • 15
    • 0030741566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of smoking on the presentation and clinical course of inflammatory bowel disease
    • Fraga XF, Vergara M, Medina C, et al. Effects of smoking on the presentation and clinical course of inflammatory bowel disease. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1997;9:683-7.
    • (1997) Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol , vol.9 , pp. 683-687
    • Fraga, X.F.1    Vergara, M.2    Medina, C.3
  • 16
    • 33847312609 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • General Household Survey. Available at:, Accessed 7 Dec 2006
    • General Household Survey. Liringin Britain Chapter 8: Smoking.Available at: http://www.statistics.gov.uk/lib2002/downloads/smoking.pdf 2002. Accessed 7 Dec 2006.
    • (2002) Liringin Britain Chapter 8: Smoking
  • 17
    • 9244261570 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammatory bowel disease and smoking: A review of epidemiology, pathophysiology, and therapeutic implications
    • Birrenbach T, Bocker U. Inflammatory bowel disease and smoking: A review of epidemiology, pathophysiology, and therapeutic implications. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2004;10:848-59.
    • (2004) Inflamm Bowel Dis , vol.10 , pp. 848-859
    • Birrenbach, T.1    Bocker, U.2
  • 18
    • 0031798167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of smoking on the long-term course of ulcerative colitis
    • Mokbel M, Carbonnel F, Beaugerie L, et al. Effect of smoking on the long-term course of ulcerative colitis. Gastroenterol Clin Biol 1998;22:858-62.
    • (1998) Gastroenterol Clin Biol , vol.22 , pp. 858-862
    • Mokbel, M.1    Carbonnel, F.2    Beaugerie, L.3
  • 19
    • 0032173204 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical status of ulcerative colitis in patients who smoke.AmJ
    • Green JT, Rhodes J, Ragunath K, et al. Clinical status of ulcerative colitis in patients who smoke.AmJ Gastroenterol 1998;93:1463-7.
    • (1998) Gastroenterol , vol.93 , pp. 1463-1467
    • Green, J.T.1    Rhodes, J.2    Ragunath, K.3
  • 20
    • 0034902828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of current cigarette smoking on clinical course of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis
    • Odes HS, Fich A, Reif S, et al. Effects of current cigarette smoking on clinical course of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Dig Dis Sci 2001;46:1717-21.
    • (2001) Dig Dis Sci , vol.46 , pp. 1717-1721
    • Odes, H.S.1    Fich, A.2    Reif, S.3
  • 21
    • 14344266522 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ulcerative pancolitis predicts the need for colectomy: Study of an incident cohort of patients with ulcerative colitis in Aragon (Spain)
    • Silicia B, Vicente R, Arroyo MT, et al. Ulcerative pancolitis predicts the need for colectomy: Study of an incident cohort of patients with ulcerative colitis in Aragon (Spain). Gastroenterol Hepatol 2005;28:55-9.
    • (2005) Gastroenterol Hepatol , vol.28 , pp. 55-59
    • Silicia, B.1    Vicente, R.2    Arroyo, M.T.3
  • 22
    • 0024159566 scopus 로고
    • Effects of cigarette smoking on the clinical course of ulcerative colitis
    • Boyko EJ, Perera DR, Koepsell TD, et al. Effects of cigarette smoking on the clinical course of ulcerative colitis. Scand J Gastroenterol 1988;23:1147-52.
    • (1988) Scand J Gastroenterol , vol.23 , pp. 1147-1152
    • Boyko, E.J.1    Perera, D.R.2    Koepsell, T.D.3
  • 23
    • 0030753484 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical course during the 1st year after diagnosis in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Results of a large, prospective population-based study in southeastern Norway, 1990-93
    • Moum B, Ekbom A, Vatn MH, et al. Clinical course during the 1st year after diagnosis in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Results of a large, prospective population-based study in southeastern Norway, 1990-93. Scand J Gastroenterol 1997;32:1005-12.
    • (1997) Scand J Gastroenterol , vol.32 , pp. 1005-1012
    • Moum, B.1    Ekbom, A.2    Vatn, M.H.3
  • 25
    • 0034939476 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of cessation of smoking on the course of ulcerative colitis
    • Beaugerie L, Massot N, Carbonnel F, et al. Impact of cessation of smoking on the course of ulcerative colitis. Am J Gastroenterol 2001;96:2113-6.
    • (2001) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.96 , pp. 2113-2116
    • Beaugerie, L.1    Massot, N.2    Carbonnel, F.3
  • 26
    • 0028203927 scopus 로고
    • Transdermal nicotine for active ulcerative colitis
    • Pullan RD, Rhodes J, Ganesh S, et al. Transdermal nicotine for active ulcerative colitis. N Engl J Med 1994;330:811-5.
    • (1994) N Engl J Med , vol.330 , pp. 811-815
    • Pullan, R.D.1    Rhodes, J.2    Ganesh, S.3
  • 27
    • 0031847780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk of inflammatory bowel disease attributable to smoking, oral contraception and breastfeeding in Italy: A nationwide case-control study. Cooperative investigators of the Italian group for the study of the colon and the rectum (GISC)
    • Corrao G, Tragnone A, Caprilli R, et al. Risk of inflammatory bowel disease attributable to smoking, oral contraception and breastfeeding in Italy: A nationwide case-control study. Cooperative investigators of the Italian group for the study of the colon and the rectum (GISC). Int J Epidemiol 1998;27:397-404.
    • (1998) Int J Epidemiol , vol.27 , pp. 397-404
    • Corrao, G.1    Tragnone, A.2    Caprilli, R.3
  • 28
    • 0035087887 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoking cessation and the course of Crohn's disease: An intervention study
    • Cosnes J, Beaugerie L, Carbonnel F, et al. Smoking cessation and the course of Crohn's disease: An intervention study. Gastroenterology 2001;120:1093-9.
    • (2001) Gastroenterology , vol.120 , pp. 1093-1099
    • Cosnes, J.1    Beaugerie, L.2    Carbonnel, F.3
  • 29
    • 1542410505 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The epidemiology of IBD. A lot of data but little knowledge. How shall we proceed?
    • Ekbom A. The epidemiology of IBD. A lot of data but little knowledge. How shall we proceed? Inflamm Bowel Dis 2004;10(Suppl 1):S32-4.
    • (2004) Inflamm Bowel Dis , vol.10 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Ekbom, A.1
  • 30
    • 0036207688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology of inflammatory bowel diseases in the elderly in the province of Liege
    • Piront P, Louis E, Latour P, et al. Epidemiology of inflammatory bowel diseases in the elderly in the province of Liege. Gastroenterol Clin Biol 2002;26:157-61.
    • (2002) Gastroenterol Clin Biol , vol.26 , pp. 157-161
    • Piront, P.1    Louis, E.2    Latour, P.3
  • 31
    • 13944282211 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cigarette smoking and age at diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease
    • Regueiro M, Kip KE, Cheung O, et al. Cigarette smoking and age at diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2005;11:42-7.
    • (2005) Inflamm Bowel Dis , vol.11 , pp. 42-47
    • Regueiro, M.1    Kip, K.E.2    Cheung, O.3
  • 32
    • 0024810567 scopus 로고
    • Classification of inflammatory bowel disease
    • Lennard-Jones JE. Classification of inflammatory bowel disease. Scand J Gastroenterol 1989;24:2-6.
    • (1989) Scand J Gastroenterol , vol.24 , pp. 2-6
    • Lennard-Jones, J.E.1
  • 33
    • 84894353884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toward an integrated clinical, molecular and serological classification of inflammatory bowel disease: Report of a working party of the 2005 Montreal World Congress of Gastroenterology
    • Silverberg MS, Satsangi J, Ahmad T, et al. Toward an integrated clinical, molecular and serological classification of inflammatory bowel disease: Report of a working party of the 2005 Montreal World Congress of Gastroenterology. Can J Gastroenterol 2005;19(Suppl A):5A-36A.
    • (2005) Can J Gastroenterol , vol.19 , Issue.SUPPL. A
    • Silverberg, M.S.1    Satsangi, J.2    Ahmad, T.3
  • 34
    • 85007745189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statistics notes: The odds ratio
    • Bland JM, Altman DG. Statistics notes: The odds ratio. Br Med J 2000;320:1468.
    • (2000) Br Med J , vol.320 , pp. 1468
    • Bland, J.M.1    Altman, D.G.2
  • 35
    • 0035912727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methodologic pitfalls in the determination of genetic anticipation: The case of Crohn disease
    • Picco MF, Goodman S, Reed J, et al. Methodologic pitfalls in the determination of genetic anticipation: The case of Crohn disease. Ann Intern Med 2001;134:1124-9.
    • (2001) Ann Intern Med , vol.134 , pp. 1124-1129
    • Picco, M.F.1    Goodman, S.2    Reed, J.3
  • 36
    • 20444460266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Update on the etiology, pathogenesis and diagnosis of ulcerative colitis
    • Hanauer SB. Update on the etiology, pathogenesis and diagnosis of ulcerative colitis. Nat Clin Prac Gastroenterol Hepatol 2004;1:26-31.
    • (2004) Nat Clin Prac Gastroenterol Hepatol , vol.1 , pp. 26-31
    • Hanauer, S.B.1
  • 37
    • 0034068570 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age-related clinical severity at diagnosis in 1705 patients with ulcerative colitis: A study by GISC (Italican Colon-Rectum Study Group)
    • Riegler G, Tartaglione MT, Carratu R, et al. Age-related clinical severity at diagnosis in 1705 patients with ulcerative colitis: A study by GISC (Italican Colon-Rectum Study Group). Dig Dis Sci 2000;45:462-5.
    • (2000) Dig Dis Sci , vol.45 , pp. 462-465
    • Riegler, G.1    Tartaglione, M.T.2    Carratu, R.3
  • 38
    • 0025994645 scopus 로고
    • Incidence and prevalence of ulcerative colitis in Copenhagen county from 1962 to 1987
    • Langholz E, Munkholm P, Nielsen OH, et al. Incidence and prevalence of ulcerative colitis in Copenhagen county from 1962 to 1987. Scand J Gastroenterol 1991;26:1247-56.
    • (1991) Scand J Gastroenterol , vol.26 , pp. 1247-1256
    • Langholz, E.1    Munkholm, P.2    Nielsen, O.H.3
  • 39
    • 0034026626 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ulcerative colitis in Olmsted County, Minnesota, 1940-1993: Incidence, prevalence and survival
    • Loftus EV Jr, Silverstein MD, Sandborn WJ, et al. Ulcerative colitis in Olmsted County, Minnesota, 1940-1993: Incidence, prevalence and survival. Gut 2000;46:336-43.
    • (2000) Gut , vol.46 , pp. 336-343
    • Loftus Jr, E.V.1    Silverstein, M.D.2    Sandborn, W.J.3
  • 40
    • 0030451868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incidence of inflammatory bowel disease across Europe: Is there a difference between north and south? Results of the European Collaborative Study on Inflammatory Bowel Disease (ECIBD)
    • Shivananda S, Lennard-Jones JE, Logan RF, et al. Incidence of inflammatory bowel disease across Europe: Is there a difference between north and south? Results of the European Collaborative Study on Inflammatory Bowel Disease (ECIBD). Gut 1996;39:690-7.
    • (1996) Gut , vol.39 , pp. 690-697
    • Shivananda, S.1    Lennard-Jones, J.E.2    Logan, R.F.3
  • 41
    • 2442563304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical epidemiology of Inflammatory bowel disease: Incidence, prevalence and environmental influences
    • Loftus EVJr. Clinical epidemiology of Inflammatory bowel disease: Incidence, prevalence and environmental influences. Gastroenterology 2004;128:1504-17.
    • (2004) Gastroenterology , vol.128 , pp. 1504-1517
    • EVJr, L.1
  • 42
    • 0036130052 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Generational differences in the age at diagnosis with IBD: Genetic anticipation, bias, or temporal effects
    • Faybush EM, Blanchard JF, Rawsthorne P, et al. Generational differences in the age at diagnosis with IBD: Genetic anticipation, bias, or temporal effects. Am J Gastroenterol 2002;97:636-40.
    • (2002) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.97 , pp. 636-640
    • Faybush, E.M.1    Blanchard, J.F.2    Rawsthorne, P.3
  • 45
    • 4544340873 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activity of inducible and neuronal nitric oxide synthases in colonic mucosa predicts progression of ulcerative colitis
    • Menchén L, Colón AL, Madrigal JLM, et al. Activity of inducible and neuronal nitric oxide synthases in colonic mucosa predicts progression of ulcerative colitis. Am J Gastroenterol 2004;99:1756-64.
    • (2004) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.99 , pp. 1756-1764
    • Menchén, L.1    Colón, A.L.2    Madrigal, J.L.M.3
  • 46
    • 26244459668 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of cigarette smoke on degranulation and NO production by mast cells and epithelial cells
    • Wei XM, Kim HS, Kumar RK, et al. Effects of cigarette smoke on degranulation and NO production by mast cells and epithelial cells. Respir Res 2005;6:108-16.
    • (2005) Respir Res , vol.6 , pp. 108-116
    • Wei, X.M.1    Kim, H.S.2    Kumar, R.K.3
  • 47
    • 0036085525 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic nicotine administration differentially alters jejunal and colonic inflammation in interleukin-10 deficient mice
    • Eliakim R, Fan QX, Babyatsky MW. Chronic nicotine administration differentially alters jejunal and colonic inflammation in interleukin-10 deficient mice. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2002;14:607-14.
    • (2002) Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol , vol.14 , pp. 607-614
    • Eliakim, R.1    Fan, Q.X.2    Babyatsky, M.W.3
  • 48
    • 5644226650 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nicotine increases in vivo blood-brain barrier permeability and alters cerebral microvascular tight junction protein distribution
    • Hawkins BT, Abbruscato TJ, Egleton RD, et al. Nicotine increases in vivo blood-brain barrier permeability and alters cerebral microvascular tight junction protein distribution. Brain Res 2004;1027:48-58.
    • (2004) Brain Res , vol.1027 , pp. 48-58
    • Hawkins, B.T.1    Abbruscato, T.J.2    Egleton, R.D.3
  • 49
    • 0347086561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microarray analysis of nicotine-induced changes in gene expression in endothelial cells
    • Zhang S, Day INM, Ye S. Microarray analysis of nicotine-induced changes in gene expression in endothelial cells. Physiol Genomies 2001;5:187-92.
    • (2001) Physiol Genomies , vol.5 , pp. 187-192
    • Zhang, S.1    Day, I.N.M.2    Ye, S.3
  • 50
    • 7044245484 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nicotine enemas for treatment of ulcerative colitis: A study of the pharmacokinetics and adverse events associated with three doses of nicotine
    • Ingram JR, Routledge P, Rhodes J, et al. Nicotine enemas for treatment of ulcerative colitis: a study of the pharmacokinetics and adverse events associated with three doses of nicotine. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2004;20:859-65.
    • (2004) Aliment Pharmacol Ther , vol.20 , pp. 859-865
    • Ingram, J.R.1    Routledge, P.2    Rhodes, J.3
  • 51
    • 0032836181 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Involvement of neutrophils and free radicals in the potentiating effects of passive cigarette smoking on inflammatory bowel disease in rats
    • Guo X, Wang WP, Ko JK, et al. Involvement of neutrophils and free radicals in the potentiating effects of passive cigarette smoking on inflammatory bowel disease in rats. Gastroenterology 1999;117:884-92.
    • (1999) Gastroenterology , vol.117 , pp. 884-892
    • Guo, X.1    Wang, W.P.2    Ko, J.K.3
  • 52
    • 0035002996 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aggravating effect of cigarette smoke exposure on experimental colitis is associated with leukotriene B(4) and reactive oxygen metabolites
    • Guo X, Ko JK, Mei QB, et al. Aggravating effect of cigarette smoke exposure on experimental colitis is associated with leukotriene B(4) and reactive oxygen metabolites. Digestion 2001;63:180-7.
    • (2001) Digestion , vol.63 , pp. 180-187
    • Guo, X.1    Ko, J.K.2    Mei, Q.B.3
  • 53
    • 0033836240 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Suppression of human IL-1beta, IL-2, IFN-gamma, and TNF-alpha production by cigarette smoke extracts
    • Ouyang Y, Virasch N, Hao P, et al. Suppression of human IL-1beta, IL-2, IFN-gamma, and TNF-alpha production by cigarette smoke extracts. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2000;106:280-7.
    • (2000) J Allergy Clin Immunol , vol.106 , pp. 280-287
    • Ouyang, Y.1    Virasch, N.2    Hao, P.3
  • 54
    • 0036580648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of cigarette smoke on the immune system
    • Sopori M. Effects of cigarette smoke on the immune system. Nat Rev Immunol 2002;2:372-7.
    • (2002) Nat Rev Immunol , vol.2 , pp. 372-377
    • Sopori, M.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.