Uncommon leg ulcers in the lower extremity

Journal of Vascular Surgery

Volumn 45, Issue 3, 2007, Pages

  Labropoulos, Nicos ^a,b   Manalo, Danielle ^a   Patel, Nima P ^b   Tiongson, Jay ^a   Pryor, Landon ^a   Giannoukas, Athanasios D ^c  

^a LOYOLA UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^b RUTGERS NEW JERSEY MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF THESSALY   (Greece)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; HYDROXYUREA;

ADULT; AGED; ANKLE BRACHIAL INDEX; ARTERY DISEASE; ARTICLE; CHRONIC INFLAMMATION; CLINICAL TRIAL; DOPPLER ECHOGRAPHY; FEMALE; HEALTH CENTER; HUMAN; LEG ULCER; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; METABOLIC DISORDER; MULTICENTER STUDY; NEOPLASM; OUTPATIENT DEPARTMENT; PHYSICAL EXAMINATION; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; PYODERMA GANGRENOSUM; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; SICKLE CELL ANEMIA; SKIN BIOPSY; UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL; VASCULITIS; VEIN DISEASE;

EID: 33847169403     PISSN: 07415214     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2006.11.012     Document Type: Article

References (88)

1. Lautenschlager S., and Eichmann A. Differential diagnosis of leg ulcers. Curr Probl Dermatol 27 (1999) 259-270
2. Mekkes J.R., Loots M.A.M., Van der Wal A.C., and Box J.D. Causes, investigation and treatment of leg ulceration. Br J Dermatol 148 (2003) 388-401
3. Baldursson B.T., Hedblad M.A., Beitner H., and Lindelof B. Squamous cell carcinoma complicating chronic venous leg ulceration: a study of the histopathology, course, and survival in 25 patients. Br J Dermatol 140 (1999) 1148-1152
4. Acland K.M., Darvay A., Wakelin S.H., and Russel-Jones R. Livedoid vasculitis: a manifestation of the antiphospholipid syndrome?. Br J Dermatol 140 (1999) 131-135
5. Srikuroja W., and Takahashi P.Y. 73-year-old woman with painful lower extremity ulcers. Mayo Clin Proc 76 (2001) 745-748
6. Porter J.M., and Moneta G.L. International Consensus Committee on Chronic Venous Disease. Reporting standards in venous disease: an update. J Vasc Surg 21 (1995) 635-645
7. Reynolds P.L., and Strayer S.M. Treatment of skin malignancies. J Fam Pract 52 (2003) 456-464
8. Choucair M.M., and Fivenson D.P. Leg ulcer diagnosis and management. Dermatol Clin 19 (2001) 659-678
9. Habif T.P. Clinical dermatology. 4th ed (2004), Mosby, Philadelphia
10. Koshy M., Entsuah R., Koranda A., Kraus A.P., Johnson R., Bellvue R., et al. Leg ulcers in patients with sickle cell disease. Blood 74 (1990) 1403-1408
11. Weinzweig N., Schuler J., and Vitello J. Simultaneous reconstruction of extensive soft-tissue defects of both lower limbs with free hemiflaps harvested from the omentum. Plast Reconstr Surg 99 (1997) 757-762
12. Oien R.F., Hakansson A., and Hansen B.U. Leg ulcers in patients with rheumatoid arthritis-a prospective study of aetiology, wound healing and pain reduction after pinch grafting. Rheumatology 40 (2001) 816-820
13. Hafner J., Schneider E., Burg G., and Cassina P. Management of leg ulcers in patients with rheumatoid arthritis or systemic sclerosis: the importance of concomitant arterial and venous disease. J Vasc Surg 32 (2000) 322-329
14. Best P.J., Daoud M.S., Pittelkow M.R., and Petitt R.M. Hydroxyurea-induced leg ulceration in 14 patients. Ann Intern Med 128 (1998) 29-32
15. Sirieix M.E., Debure C., Baudot N., Dubertret L., Roux M.E., Morel P., et al. Leg ulcers and hydroxyurea: forty-one cases. Arch Dermatol 135 (1999) 818-820
16. Angeles M., Wong L.L., Myers S.A., and Womg L.M. Calciphylaxis in patients on hemodialysis: a prevalence study. Surgery 122 (1997) 1083-1090
17. Milas M., Bush R.L., Lin P., Brown K., Mackay G., Lumsden A., et al. Calciphylaxis and nonhealing wounds: the role of the vascular surgeon in a multidisciplinary treatment. J Vasc Surg 37 (2003) 501-507
18. Baldursson B.T., Hedblad M.A., Beitner H., and Lindelof B. Squamous cell carcinoma complicating chronic venous leg ulceration: a study of the histopathology, course, and survival in 25 patients. Br J Dermatol 140 (1999) 1148-1152
19. Giles G.G., Marks R., and Foley P. Incidence of non-melanocytic skin cancer treated in Australia. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 296 (1988) 13-17
20. Thissen M.R., Neumann M.H., and Schouten L.J. A systematic review of treatment modalities for primary basal cell carcinomas. Arch Dermatol 135 (1999) 1177-1183
21. Hafner J. Differential ulcus cruris diagnosis. Ther Umsch 55 (1998) 632-642
22. Nelzén O., Bergqvist D., and Lindhagen A. Leg ulcer etiology-a cross sectional population study. J Vasc Surg 14 (1991) 557-564
23. Scott D.G.I., Bacon P.A., and Tribe C.R. Systemic rheumatoid vasculitis: a clinical and laboratory study of 50 cases. Medicine 60 (1981) 288-297 (Baltimore)
24. Cawley M.I.D. Vasculitis and ulceration in rheumatic diseases of the foot. Baillieres Clin Rheumatol 1 (1987) 315-333
25. Franks P.J., Moffatt C.J., Doherty D.C., Williams A.F., Jeffs E., and Mortimer P.S. Assessment of health-related quality of life in patients with lymphedema of the lower limb. Wound Repair Regen 14 (2006) 110-118
26. Moffatt C.J., Franks P.J., Doherty D.C., Martin R., Blewett R., and Ross F. Prevalence of leg ulceration in a London population. QJM 97 (2004) 431-437
27. Adam D.J., Naik J., Hartshorne T., Bello M., and London N.J. The diagnosis and management of 689 chronic leg ulcers in a single-visit assessment clinic. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 25 (2003) 462-468
28. Khachemoune A., and Kauffman C.L. Diagnosis of leg ulcers. Internet J Dermatol 1 (2002) 2
29. Trent J., Federman D., and Kirsner R. Skin and wound biopsy: when, why and how. Adv Skin Wound Care 16 (2003) 372-375
30. Mahabir R.C., Taylor C.D., Benny W.B., Dutz J.P., and Snelling C.F. Necrotizing cutaneous cryoglobulinemic vasculopathy. Plast Reconstr Surg 107 (2001) 1221-1224
31. Kelly J. Pyoderma gangraenosum: exploring the treatment options. J Wound Care 10 (2001) 125-128
32. Matsumura T., Sato-Matsumura K.C., Ota M., Yokota T., Arita K., Kodama K., et al. Two cases of pyoderma gangrenosum complicated with nasal septal perforation. Br J Dermatol 141 (1999) 1133-1135
33. Samuel J., and Williams C. Pyoderma gangrenosum: an inflammatory ulcer. J Wound Care 5 (1996) 314-318
34. Pieters R.C., Rojer R.A., Saleh A.W., Saleh A.E., and Duits A.J. Molgramostim to treat SS-sickle cell leg ulcers. Lancet 345 (1995) 528
35. Sher G.D., and Olivieri N.F. Rapid healing of chronic leg ulcers during arginine butyrate therapy in patients with sickle cell disease and thalassemia. Blood 84 (1994) 2378-2380
36. Nishikawa J.A. Are leg ulcers in rheumatoid arthritis due to vasculitis?. Eur J Rheumatol Inflamm 6 (1983) 288-290
37. O'Quinn S.E., Kennedy C.B., and Baker D.T. Peripheral vascular lesions in rheumatoid arthritis. Arch Dermatol 92 (1965) 489-494
38. Paquette D., and Falanga V. Leg ulcers. Clin Geriatr Med 18 (2002) 77-88
39. Sastre J.L., Bravo A., Tembras S., Gomez R., and Ulibarrena C. Leg ulcers associated with hydroxyurea therapy. Haematologica 88 (2003) EIM01
40. Demircay Z., Comert A., and Adiguzel C. Leg ulcers and hydroxyurea: report of three cases with essential thrombocythemia. Int J Dermatol 41 (2002) 872-874
41. Kersgard C., and Osswald M.B. Hydroxyurea and sickle cell leg ulcers. Am J Hematol 68 (2001) 215-216
42. Bader U., Banyai M., Boni R., Burg G., and Hafner J. Leg ulcers in patients with myeloproliferative disorders: disease- or treatment-related?. Dermatology 200 (2000) 45-48
43. Weinlich G., Schuler G., Greil R., Kofler H., and Fritsch P. Leg ulcers associated with long-term hydroxyurea therapy. J Am Acad Dermatol 39 2 Pt 2 (1998) 372-374
44. Disla E., D'Eamour L., and Cioriou M. Hydroxyurea-associated leg ulceration. Ann Intern Med 129 (1998) 252-253
45. Banky J.P., Dowling J.P., and Miles C. Idiopathic calciphylaxis. Aust J Dermatol 43 (2002) 190-193
46. Howe S.C., Murray J.D., Reeves R.T., Hemp J.R., and Carlisle J.H. Calciphylaxis, a poorly understood clinical syndrome: three case reports and a review of the literature. Ann Vasc Surg 15 (2001) 470-473
47. Fine A., Fleming S., and Leslie W. Calciphylaxis presenting with calf pain and plaques in four continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients and in one predialysis patient. Am J Kidney Dis 25 (1995) 498-502
48. Ivker R.A., Woosley J., and Briggaman R.A. Calciphylaxis in three patients with end-stage renal disease. Arch Dermatol 131 (1995) 63-68
49. Graziano T.A., and Giampapa V. Muscle transposition in the management of chronic osteomyelitis and ulceration of the heel. J Foot Surg 28 (1989) 68-71
50. Pascher F., and Shalita A. Leg ulcer associated with osteomyelitis and stasis dermatitis. Arch Dermatol 98 (1968) 674-675
51. Levine N. Deep leg ulceration. Look to underlying systemic disease for the cause of this dermatologic condition. Geriatrics 57 (2002) 15
52. Fishman J.R., and Parker M.G. Malignancy and chronic wounds: Marjolin's ulcer. J Burn Care Rehabil 12 (1991) 218-223
53. Ackroyd J.S., and Young A.E. Leg ulcers that do not heal. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 286 (1983) 207-208
54. Oluwasanmi J.O., Ofodile F.A., and Aboyle A.A. Neoplastic change in chronic leg ulcer. Int Surg 67 (1982) 407-408
55. Tabibzadeh F. Basal cell carcinoma of the leg. Am Fam Phys 52 (1995) 1684-1689
56. Neal M.S. Treatment of a malignant leg ulcer. J Wound Care 4 (1995) 300-301
57. Gosain A., Sanger J.R., Yousif N.J., and Matloub H.S. Basal cell carcinoma of the lower leg occurring in association with chronic venous stasis. Ann Plast Surg 26 (1991) 279-283
58. Markey A.C., Tidman M.J., Rowe P.H., Missen G.A., and Macdonald D.M. Aggressive ulcerative necrobiosis lipoidica associated with venous insufficiency, giant-cell phlebitis and arteritis. Clin Exp Dermatol 13 (1988) 183-186
59. Youshock E., and Beninson J. Necrobiosis lipoidica: treatment with porcine dressings, split-thickness skin grafts and pressure garments. A case report and review of treatment modalities. Angiology 36 (1985) 821-826
60. Gilsanz F., Escalante F., Auray C., and Olbes A.G. Treatment of leg ulcers in beta-thalassaemia intermedia: use of platelet-derived wound healing factors from the patient's own platelets. Br J Haematol 115 (2001) 710
61. Josifova D., Gatt G., Aquilina A., Serafimov V., Vella A., and Felice A. Treatment of leg ulcers with platelet-derived wound healing factor (PDWHFS) in a patient with beta thalassaemia intermedia. Br J Haematol 112 (2001) 527-529
62. Grossman J.A., Barrall D.T., Dennison A., and Lally E.V. Successful combined medical and surgical treatment of a lower extremity sclerodermal ulcer. Ann Plast Surg 20 (1988) 582-585
63. Thomas III J.R., and Winkelmann R.K. Vascular ulcers in scleroderma. Arch Dermatol 119 (1983) 803-807
64. Kokturk A., Kaya T.I., Ikizoglu G., and Koca A. Prolidase deficiency. Int J Dermatol 41 (2002) 45-48
65. Milligan A., Graham-Brown R.A., Burns D.A., and Anderson I. Prolidase deficiency: a case report and literature review. Br J Dermatol 121 (1989) 405-409
66. Trent J.T., and Kirsner R.S. Leg ulcers secondary to prolidase deficiency. Adv Skin Wound Care 17 (2004) 468-472
67. Shih H.A., Kao D.M., Elenitsas R., and Leyden J.J. Livedo reticularis, ulcers, and peripheral gangrene: cutaneous manifestations of primary hyperoxaluria. Arch Dermatol 136 (2000) 1272-1274
68. Green K.M., Lynfield Y.L., and Davis D.E. Livedo reticularis with ulcers and circulating immune complexes. Cutis 31 (1983) 312-315
69. Klein A.D., and Kerdel F.A. Purpura and recurrent ulcers on the lower extremities. Essential cryofibrinogenemia. Arch Dermatol 127 (1991) 115-118
70. Kleeman D., Kempf W., Burg G., and Hafner J. Cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa. Vasa 27 (1998) 54-57
71. Mimouni D., Rencic A., Nikolskaia O.V., Bernstein B.D., and Nousari H.C. Cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa in patients presenting with atrophy blanche. Br J Dermatol 148 (2003) 789-794
72. Andersen J.G. Malignant degeneration in chronic ulceration of the leg and foot in leprosy patients: two case reports. Lepr Rev 53 (1982) 265-269
73. Noe J.M., and Barber J. Chronic leg ulceration in a patient with leprosy. West J Med 121 (1974) 430-432
74. Wakelin S.H., and James M.P. Sarcoidosis: nail dystrophy without underlying bone changes. Cutis 55 (1995) 344-346
75. Saxe N., Benatar S.R., Bok L., and Gordon W. Sarcoidosis with leg ulcers and annular facial lesions. Arch Dermatol 120 (1984) 93-96
76. Winkelmann R.K., Schroeter A.L., Kierland R.R., and Ryan T.S. Clinical studies of livedoid vasculitis (segmental hyalinizing vasculitis). Mayo Clin Proc 49 (1974) 746-750
77. Artik S., Miller A., Bretschneider P., Schurer N., and Ruzicka T. Leg ulcers associated with sideroblastic anemia. Dermatology 197 (1998) 397-398
78. Kajisawa C., Matsui C., and Morohashi M. A specific cutaneous lesion revealing myelodysplastic syndrome. Eur J Dermatol 8 (1998) 517-518
79. Siregusa M., Alberti A., and Schepis C. Skin ulcers in a young woman on low-dose estrogen-combination pill. Int J Dermatol 36 (1997) 317-318
80. Aractingi S., Bachmeyer C., Miclea J.M., Verola O., Rousselot P., Dubertret L., et al. Unusual specific cutaneous lesions in myelodysplastic syndromes. J Am Acad Dermatol 33 2 Pt 1 (1995) 187-191
81. Lebel M., and Lassonde M. Erythema induratum of Bazin. J Am Acad Dermatol 14 (1986) 738-742
82. Carbia S.G., Chain M., Acuna K., Dei-Cas I., Glorio R., Malah V., et al. Disseminated cryptococcosis with cutaneous lesions complicating steroid therapy for Behcet's disease. Int J Dermatol 42 (2003) 821-823
83. Rustin M.H., Gilkes J.J., and Robinson T.W. Pyoderma gangrenosum associated with Behcet's disease: treatment with thalidomide. J Am Acad Dermatol 23 5 Pt 1 (1990) 941-944
84. Lombardo G.A., Annessi G., Baliva G., Monopoli A., and Girolomoni G. Keratosis lichenoides chronica. Report of a case associated with B-cell lymphoma and leg panniculitis. Dermatology 201 (2000) 261-264
85. Conejo-Mir J., Pulpillo A., Corbi M.R., Linares M., Garcia Lopez A., Conde F., et al. Panniculitis and ulcers in a young man. Arch Dermatol 134 (1998) 501-504
86. Tanzer F.R., and Lynfield Y.L. Erythema elevatum diutinum. Arch Dermatol 114 (1978) 802-823
87. Roenigk Jr. H.H. Necrotizing vasculitis (erythema elevatum diutinum). Arch Dermatol 104 (1971) 103-105
88. Monsuez J.J., Mathieu D., Arnoult F., and Passeron J. Cutaneous diphtheria in a homeless man. Lancet 346 (1995) 649-650