In situ observations of dehydrated air parcels advected horizontally in the Tropical Tropopause Layer of the western Pacific

Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics

Volumn 7, Issue 3, 2007, Pages 803-813

  Hasebe, F ^a   Fujiwara, M ^a   Nishi, N ^b   Shiotani, M ^c   Vomel H ^d   Oltmans, S ^e   Takashima, H ^c   Saraspriya, S ^f   Komala, N ^f   Inai, Y ^a  

^a HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

^b KYOTO UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

^c KYOTO UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

^d UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO   (United States)

^e EARTH SYSTEM RESEARCH LABORATORY   (United States)

^f National Institute of Aeronautics and Space   (Indonesia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADVECTION; AIR TEMPERATURE; BOUNDARY LAYER; DEHYDRATION; IN SITU MEASUREMENT; MIXING RATIO; TRAJECTORY; TROPOPAUSE; WATER VAPOR;

ASIA; BANDUNG; EURASIA; INDONESIA; KIRIBATI; MICRONESIA; PACIFIC ISLANDS; PACIFIC OCEAN; PACIFIC OCEAN (WEST); SOUTHEAST ASIA; WEST JAVA;

EID: 33847150899     PISSN: 16807316     EISSN: 16807324     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5194/acp-7-803-2007     Document Type: Article

References (60)

1. Atticks, M. G. and Robinson, G. D.: Some features of the structure of the tropical tropopause, Quart. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc., 109, 295-308, 1983.
2. Brewer, A. W.: Evidence for a world circulation provided by the measurements of helium and water vapour distribution in the stratosphere, Quart. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc., 75, 351-363, 1949.
3. Chen, P.: Isentropic cross-tropopause mass exchange in the extratropics, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 16661-16673, 1995.
4. Dethof, A., O'Neill, A., and Slingo, J.: A mechanism for moistening the lower stratosphere involving the Asian summer monsoon, Quart. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc, 125, 1079-1106, 1999.
5. Dethof, A., O'Neill, A., Slingo, J. M., and Berrisford, P.: Quantification of isentropic water-vapour transport into the lower stratosphere, Quart. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc, 126, 1771-1788, 2000.
6. Dvortsov, V. L. and Solomon, S.: Response of the stratospheric temperatures and ozone to past and future increases in stratospheric humidity, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 7505-7514, 2001.
7. Eguchi, N. and Shiotani, M.: Intraseasonal variations of water vapor and cirrus clouds in the tropical upper troposphere, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D12106, doi:10.1029/2003JD004314, 2004.
8. Evans, S. J., Toumi, R., Harries, J. E., Chipperfield, M. P., and J. M. Russel, I.: Trends in stratospheric humidity and the sensitivity of ozone to these trends, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 8715-8725, 1998.
9. Forster, P. M. d. F. and Shine, K. P.: Stratospheric water vapour changes as a possible contributor to observed stratospheric cooling, Geophys. Res. Lett., 26, 3309-3312, 1999.
10. Forster, P. M. d. F. and Shine, K. P.: Assessing the climate impact of trends in stratospheric water vapor, Geophys. Res. Lett., 29, 1086, doi: 10.1029/2001GL013909, 2002.
11. Fueglistaler, S. and Haynes, P. H.: Control of interannual and longer-term variability of stratospheric water vapor, J. Geophys. Res., 110, D24108, doi:10.1029/2005JD006019, 2005.
12. Fueglistaler, S., Wernli, H., and Peter, T.: Tropical troposphere-to-stratosphere transport inferred from trajectory calculations, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D03108, doi:10.1029/2003JD004069, 2004.
13. Fueglistaler, S., Bonazzola, M., Haynes, P. H., and Peter, T.: Stratospheric water vapor predicted from the Lagrangian temperature history of air entering the stratosphere in the tropics, J. Geophys. Res., 110, D08107, doi:10.1029/2004JD005516, 2005.
14. Fujiwara, M., Kita, K., and Ogawa, T.: Stratosphere-troposphere exchange of ozone associated with the equatorial Kelvin wave as observed with ozonesondes and rawinsondes, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 19173-19182, 1998.
15. Fujiwara, M., Hasebe, F., Shiotani, M., Nishi, N., Vömel, H., and Oltmans, S. J.: Water vapor control at the tropopause by equatorial Kelvin waves observed over the Galapagos, Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 3143-3146, 2001.
16. Fujiwara, M., Shiotani, M., Hasebe, F., Vömel, H., Oltmans, S. J., Ruppert, P. W., Horinouchi, T., and Tsuda, T.: Performance of the Meteolabor "Snow White" chilled-mirror hygrometer in the tropical troposphere: Comparisons with the Vaisala RS80 A/H-Humicap sensors, J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 20, 1534-1542, 2003.
17. Gettelman, A., Holton, J. R., and Douglass, A. R.: Simulations of water vapor in the lower stratosphere and upper troposphere, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 9003-9023, 2000.
18. Gettelman, A., Randel, W. J., Wu, F., and Massie, S. T.: Transport of water vapor in the tropical tropopause layer, Geophys. Res. Lett., 29, 1009, doi:10.1029/2001GL013818, 2002.
19. Gettelman, A., de F. Forster, P. M., Fujiwara, M., Fu, Q., Vömel, H., Gohar, L. K., Johanson, C., and Ammerman, M.: Radiation balance of the tropical tropopause layer, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D07103, doi:10.1029/ 2003JD004190, 2004a.
20. Gettelman, A., Kinnison, D. E., Dunkerton, T. J., and Brasseur, G.: Impact of monsoon circulations on the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D22101, doi:10.1029/2004JD004878, 2004b.
21. Goff, A. J. and Gratch, S.: Low-pressure properties of water from -160 to 212°F, Trans. Amer. Soc. Heat. Vent. Eng. 52, 95-122, 1946.
22. Hare, S. H. E. Gray, L. J. Lahoz, W. A. O'Neill, A., and Steenman-Clark, L.: Can stratospheric temperature trends be attributed to ozone depletion?, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D05111, doi:10.1029/2003JD003897, 2004.
23. Hartmann, D. L., Holton, J. R., and Fu, Q.: The heat balance of the tropical tropopause, cirrus, and stratospheric dehydration, Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 1969-1972, 2001.
24. Hasebe, F., Shiotani, M., Vömel, H., Fujiwara, M., Nishi, N., Niwano, M., Uetake, T., Ikeda, M., Ogawa, T., Oltmans, S. J., and Gage, K.: First Results from the SOWER/Pacific 1998/1999 Campaigns, in: Atmospheric Ozone, Proceedings of the Quadrennial Ozone Symposium -Sapporo 2000-, pp. 783-784, 2000.
25. Hatsushika, H. and Yamazaki, K.: Interannual variations of temperature and vertical motion at the tropical tropopause associated with ENSO, Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 2891-2894, 2001.
26. Hatsushika, H. and Yamazaki, K.: Stratospheric drain over Indonesia and dehydration within the tropical tropopause layer diagnosed by air parcel trajectories, J. Geophys. Res., 108, 4610, doi:10.1029/2002JD002986, 2003.
27. Haynes, P. H., Marks, C. J., McIntyre, M. E., Shepherd, T. G., and Shine, K. P.: On the "downward control" of extratropical diabatic circulations by eddy-induced mean zonal forces, J. Atmos. Sci., 48, 651-678, 1991.
28. Highwood, E. J. and Hoskins, B. J.: The tropical tropopause, Quart. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc, 124, 1579-1604, 1998.
29. Holton, J. R. and Gettelman, A.: Horizontal transport and the dehydration of the stratosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 2799-2802, 2001.
30. Holton, J. R., Haynes, P. H., McIntyre, M. E., Douglass, A. R., Rood, R. B., and Pfister, L.: Stratosphere-troposphere exchange, Rev. Geophys., 33, 403-439, 1995.
31. Horinouchi, T., Sassi, F., and Boville, B. A.: Synoptic-scale Rossby waves and the geographic distribution of lateral transport routes between the tropics and the extratropics in the lower stratosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 26 579-26 592, 2000.
32. Houghton, J. T., Ding, Y., Griggs, D. J., Noguer, M., van der Linden, P. J., Dai, X., Maskell, K., and Johnson, C. A., eds.: Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Cambridge University Press, 2001.
33. Jackson, D. R., Methven, J., and Pope, V. D.: Transport in the low-latitude tropopause zone diagnosed using particle trajectories, J. Atmos. Sci, 58, 173-192, 2001.
34. Jensen, E. and Pfister, L.: Transport and freeze-drying in the tropical tropopause layer, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D02207, doi:10.1029/2003JD004022, 2004.
35. Kley, D., Russell III, J. M., and Phillips, C.: SPARC Assessment of Upper Tropospheric and Stratospheric Water Vapour, WCRP 113 WMO/TD-No. 1043 SPARC Report No. 2, 2000.
36. Mote, P. W., Rosenlof, K. H., McIntyre, M. E., Carr, E. S., Gille, J. C., Holton, J. R., Kinnersley, J. S., Pumphrey, H. C., Russell III, J. M., and Waters, J. W.: An atmospheric tape recorder: The imprint of tropical tropopause temperatures on stratospheric water vapor, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 3989-4006, 1996.
37. Murphy, D. M. and Koop, T.: Review of the vapour pressures of ice and supercooled water for atmospheric applications, Quart. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc., 131, 1539-1565, 2005.
38. Murray, F. W.: On the computation of saturation vapor pressure, J. Appl. Meteorol, 6, 203-204, 1967.
39. Newell, R. E. and Gould-Stewart, S.: A stratospheric fountain?, J. Atmos. Sci, 38, 2789-2796, 1981.
40. Oltmans, S. J. and Hofmann, D. J.: Increase in lower-stratospheric water vapour at a mid-latitude Northern Hemisphere site from 1981 to 1994, Nature, 374, 146-149, 1995.
41. Plumb, R. A. and Eluszkiewicz, J.: The Brewer-Dobson circulation: Dynamics of the tropical upwelling, J. Atmos. Sci., 56, 868-890, 1999.
42. Postel, G. A. and Hitchman, M. H.: A climatology of Rossby wave breaking along the subtropical tropopause, J. Atmos. Sci., 56, 359-373, 1999.
43. Ramaswamy, V., Schwarzkopf, M. D., and Randel, W. J.: Finger-print of ozone depletion in the spatial and temporal pattern of recent lower-stratospheric cooling, Nature, 382, 616-618, 1996.
44. Ramaswamy, V., Chanin, M.-L., Angell, J., Barnett, J., Gaffen, D., Gelman, M., Keckhut, P., Koshelkov, Y., Labitzke, K., Lin, J.-J. R., O'Neill, A., Nash, J., Randel, W., Rood, R., Shine, K., Shiotani, M., and Swinbank, R.: Stratospheric temperature trends: Observations and model simulations, Rev. Geophys., 39, 71-122, 2001.
45. Randel, W. J. and Cobb, J. B.: Coherent variations of monthly mean total ozone and lower stratospheric temperature, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 5433-5447, 1994.
46. Randel, W. J., Wu, F., Gettelman, A., Russell III, J. M., Zawodny, J. M., and Oltmans, S. J.: Seasonal variation of water vapor in the lower stratosphere observed in Halogen Occultation Experiment data, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 14313-14325, 2001.
47. Randel, W. J., Wu, F., Oltmans, S. J., Rosenlof, K., and Nedoluha, G. E.: Interannual changes of stratospheric water vapor and correlations with tropical tropopause temperatures, J. Atmos. Sci., 61, 2133-2148, 2004.
48. Randel, W. J., Wu, F., Vömel, H., Nedoluha, G. E., and Forster, P.: Decreases in stratospheric water vapor after 2001: Links to changes in the tropical tropopause and the Brewer-Dobson circulation, J. Geophys. Res., 111, D12312, doi:10.1029/2005JD006744, 2006.
49. Rex, M., von der Gathen, P., Harris, N. R. P., Lucic, D., Knudsen, B. M., Braathen, G. O., Reid, S. J., Backer, H. D., Claude, H., Fabian, R., Fast, H., Gil, M., Kyrö, E., Mikkelsen, I. S., Rummukainen, M., Smit, H. G., Stähelin, J., Varotsos, C., and Zaitcev, I.: In situ measurements of stratospheric ozone depletion rates in the Arctic winter 1991/1992: A Lagrangian approach, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 5843-5854, 1998.
50. Seidel, D., Ross, R. J., Angell, J. K., and Reid, G. C.: Climatological characteristics of the tropical tropopause as revealed by radiosondes, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 7857-7878, 2001.
51. Sherwood, S. C.: A stratospheric "drain" over the Maritime Continent, Geophys. Res. Lett., 27, 677-680, 2000.
52. Shibata, T., Vömel, H., Hamdi, S., Kaloka, S., Hasebe, F., Fujiwara, M., and Shiotani, M.: Tropical cirrus clouds near cold point tropopause under ice supersaturated conditions observed by lidar and balloon borne cryogenic frost point hygrometer, J. Geophys. Res., 112, in press, 2007.
53. Shindell, D. T., Rind, D., and Lonergan, P.: Increased polar stratospheric ozone losses and delayed eventual recovery owing to increasing greenhouse-gas concentration, Nature, 392, 589-592, 1998.
54. Stenke, A. and Grewe, V.: Simulation of stratospheric water vapor trends: impact on stratospheric ozone chemistry, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 5, 1257-1272, 2005,
55. http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/5/1257/2005/.
56. Tsuda, T., Murayama, Y., Wiryosumarto, H., Harijono, S. W. B., and Kato, S.: Radiosonde observations of equatorial atmosphere dynamics over Indonesia. 1. Equatorial waves and diurnal tides, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 10491-10505, 1994.
57. Vömel, H., Oltmans, S. J., Johnson, B. J., Hasebe, F., Shiotani, M., Fujiwara, M., Nishi, N., Agama, M., Cornejo, J., Paredes, F., and Enriquez, H. : Balloon-borne observations of water vapor and ozone in the tropical upper troposphere and lower stratosphere, J. Geophys. Res, 107, doi:10.1029/ 2001JD000707, 2002.
58. Vömel, H., Fujiwara, M., Shiotani, M., Hasebe, F., Oltmans, S. J., and Barnes, J. E.: The behavior of the Snow White chilled-mirror hygrometer in extremely dry conditions, J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol, 20, 1560-1567, 2003.
59. Vömel, H., David, D., and Smith, K.: The University of Colorado Cryogenic Frostpoint Hygrometer (CFH): Instrumental details and observations, J. Geophys. Res., 112, in press, 2007.
60. Zhou, X. L., Geller, M. A., and Zhang, M.: Cooling trend of the tropical cold point tropopause temperatures and its implications, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 1511-1522, 2001.