메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 20, Issue 2, 2007, Pages 302-315

Estimation of the impact of sampling errors in the VOS observations on air-sea fluxes. Part II: Impact on trends and interannual variability

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC HUMIDITY; ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE; ESTIMATION; HEAT FLUX; OCEANOGRAPHY; SAMPLING;

EID: 33846929847     PISSN: 08948755     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/JCLI4008.1     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (36)

References (62)
  • 1
    • 0029500470 scopus 로고
    • Thermal forcing for a global ocean circulation model using a three-year climatology of ECMWF analyses
    • Barnier, B., L. Siefridt, and P. Marchesiello, 1995: Thermal forcing for a global ocean circulation model using a three-year climatology of ECMWF analyses. J. Mar. Syst., 6, 363-380.
    • (1995) J. Mar. Syst. , vol.6 , pp. 363-380
    • Barnier, B.1    Siefridt, L.2    Marchesiello, P.3
  • 2
    • 4944256959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variability of the meridional overturning circulation of the North Atlantic: Sensitivity to the overflow of dense water masses
    • Beismann, J. O., and B. Barnier, 2004: Variability of the meridional overturning circulation of the North Atlantic: Sensitivity to the overflow of dense water masses. Ocean Dyn., 54, 92-106.
    • (2004) Ocean Dyn. , vol.54 , pp. 92-106
    • Beismann, J.O.1    Barnier, B.2
  • 3
    • 8744265038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sensitivity of the ERA-40 reanlaysis to the observing system: Determination of the global atmospheric circulation from reduced observations
    • Bengtsson, L., K. I. Hodges, and S. Hagemann, 2004a: Sensitivity of the ERA-40 reanlaysis to the observing system: Determination of the global atmospheric circulation from reduced observations. Tellus, 56A, 456-471.
    • (2004) Tellus , vol.56 , Issue.A , pp. 456-471
    • Bengtsson, L.1    Hodges, K.I.2    Hagemann, S.3
  • 4
    • 4143094904 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can climate trends be calculated form reanalysis data?
    • D11111, doi:10.1029/2004JD004536
    • Bengtsson, L., S. Hagemann, and K. I. Hodges, 2004b: Can climate trends be calculated form reanalysis data? J. Geophys. Res., 109, D11111, doi:10.1029/2004JD004536.
    • (2004) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.109
    • Bengtsson, L.1    Hagemann, S.2    Hodges, K.I.3
  • 6
    • 77049083098 scopus 로고
    • Atlantic air sea interaction
    • Academic Press
    • Bierknes, J., 1964: Atlantic air sea interaction. Advances in Geophysics, Vol. 10, Academic Press, 1-82.
    • (1964) Advances in Geophysics , vol.10 , pp. 1-82
    • Bierknes, J.1
  • 7
    • 0029412335 scopus 로고
    • The singular-vector structure of atmospheric global circulation
    • Buizza, R., and T. N. Palmer, 1995: The singular-vector structure of atmospheric global circulation. J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 1434-1456.
    • (1995) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.52 , pp. 1434-1456
    • Buizza, R.1    Palmer, T.N.2
  • 8
  • 9
    • 0000269874 scopus 로고
    • On trends in historical marine wind data
    • Cardone, J. S., J. G. Greenwood, and M. A. Cane, 1990: On trends in historical marine wind data. J. Climate, 3, 113-127.
    • (1990) J. Climate , vol.3 , pp. 113-127
    • Cardone, J.S.1    Greenwood, J.G.2    Cane, M.A.3
  • 10
    • 0003125211 scopus 로고
    • Variability of latent and sensible heat fluxes estimated using bulk formulae
    • Cayan, D., 1992a: Variability of latent and sensible heat fluxes estimated using bulk formulae. Atmos.-Ocean, 30, 1-42.
    • (1992) Atmos.-Ocean , vol.30 , pp. 1-42
    • Cayan, D.1
  • 11
    • 0001528193 scopus 로고
    • Latent and sensible heat flux anomalies over the Northern Oceans: The connection to monthly atmospheric circulation
    • Cayan, D., 1992b: Latent and sensible heat flux anomalies over the Northern Oceans: The connection to monthly atmospheric circulation. J. Climate, 5, 354-369.
    • (1992) J. Climate , vol.5 , pp. 354-369
    • Cayan, D.1
  • 12
    • 27344452869 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of secular changes in frequency of observations and observational errors on monthly mean MSLP summary statistics derived from ICOADS
    • Chang, E. K. M., 2005: Effects of secular changes in frequency of observations and observational errors on monthly mean MSLP summary statistics derived from ICOADS. J. Climate, 18, 3623-3633.
    • (2005) J. Climate , vol.18 , pp. 3623-3633
    • Chang, E.K.M.1
  • 13
    • 0345415580 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surface turbulent heat and momentum fluxes over Global Oceans based on the Goddard satellite retrievals, version 2 (GSSTF2)
    • Chou, S.-H., E. Nelkin, J. Ardizzone, R. M. Atlas, and C.-L. Shie, 2003: Surface turbulent heat and momentum fluxes over Global Oceans based on the Goddard satellite retrievals, version 2 (GSSTF2). J. Climate, 16, 3256-3273.
    • (2003) J. Climate , vol.16 , pp. 3256-3273
    • Chou, S.-H.1    Nelkin, E.2    Ardizzone, J.3    Atlas, R.M.4    Shie, C.-L.5
  • 14
    • 0032484899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oceanic transport of subpolar climate signals to mid-depth subtropical waters
    • Curry, R. G., M. S. McCartney, and T. M. Joyce, 1998: Oceanic transport of subpolar climate signals to mid-depth subtropical waters. Nature, 391, 575-577.
    • (1998) Nature , vol.391 , pp. 575-577
    • Curry, R.G.1    McCartney, M.S.2    Joyce, T.M.3
  • 15
    • 0003781485 scopus 로고
    • Anomalies of Directly Observed Quantities
    • NOAA Atlas NESDIS 2
    • da Silva, A. M., C. C. Young, and S. Levitus, 1994: Anomalies of Directly Observed Quantities. Vol. 2, Atlas of Surface Marine Data. NOAA Atlas NESDIS 2, 419 pp.
    • (1994) Atlas of Surface Marine Data , vol.2 , pp. 419
    • da Silva, A.M.1    Young, C.C.2    Levitus, S.3
  • 16
    • 0027802824 scopus 로고
    • Surface climate variations over the North Atlantic Ocean during winter: 1900-1989
    • Deser, C., and M. L. Blackmon, 1993: Surface climate variations over the North Atlantic Ocean during winter: 1900-1989. J. Climate, 6, 1743-1753.
    • (1993) J. Climate , vol.6 , pp. 1743-1753
    • Deser, C.1    Blackmon, M.L.2
  • 17
    • 0035284317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • North Atlantic interdecadal variability: Oceanic response to the North Atlantic Oscillation (1865-1997)
    • Eden, C., and T. Jung, 2001: North Atlantic interdecadal variability: Oceanic response to the North Atlantic Oscillation (1865-1997). J. Climate, 14, 676-691.
    • (2001) J. Climate , vol.14 , pp. 676-691
    • Eden, C.1    Jung, T.2
  • 18
    • 0035872227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of interannual to decadal variability of the North Atlantic circulation
    • Eden, C., and J. Willebrand, 2001: Mechanisms of interannual to decadal variability of the North Atlantic circulation. J. Climate, 14, 676-691.
    • (2001) J. Climate , vol.14 , pp. 676-691
    • Eden, C.1    Willebrand, J.2
  • 19
    • 0000591575 scopus 로고
    • Estimating monthly averaged air-sea transfers of heat and momentum using the bulk aerodynamic method
    • Esbensen, S. K., and R. W. Reynolds, 1981: Estimating monthly averaged air-sea transfers of heat and momentum using the bulk aerodynamic method. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 11, 457-465.
    • (1981) J. Phys. Oceanogr. , vol.11 , pp. 457-465
    • Esbensen, S.K.1    Reynolds, R.W.2
  • 20
    • 0028579056 scopus 로고
    • Influence of space-time averaging on the ocean-atmosphere exchange estimates in the North Atlantic midlatitudes
    • Gulev, S. K., 1994: Influence of space-time averaging on the ocean-atmosphere exchange estimates in the North Atlantic midlatitudes. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 24, 1236-1255.
    • (1994) J. Phys. Oceanogr. , vol.24 , pp. 1236-1255
    • Gulev, S.K.1
  • 21
    • 0029508731 scopus 로고
    • Long-term variability of sea-air heat transfer in the North Atlantic Ocean
    • Gulev, S. K.,, 1995: Long-term variability of sea-air heat transfer in the North Atlantic Ocean. Int. J. Climatol., 15, 825-852.
    • (1995) Int. J. Climatol. , vol.15 , pp. 825-852
    • Gulev, S.K.1
  • 22
    • 0031420762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climatologically significant effects of space-time averaging in the North Atlantic sea-air heat flux fields
    • Gulev, S. K., 1997: Climatologically significant effects of space-time averaging in the North Atlantic sea-air heat flux fields. J. Climate, 10, 2743-2763.
    • (1997) J. Climate , vol.10 , pp. 2743-2763
    • Gulev, S.K.1
  • 23
    • 0344121674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Water mass transformation in the North Atlantic and its impact on the meridional circulation: Insights from an ocean model forced by NCEP-NCAR reanalysis surface fluxes
    • Gulev, S. K., B. Barnier, H. Knochel, J.-M. Molines, and M. Cottet, 2003: Water mass transformation in the North Atlantic and its impact on the meridional circulation: Insights from an ocean model forced by NCEP-NCAR reanalysis surface fluxes. J. Climate, 16, 3085-3110.
    • (2003) J. Climate , vol.16 , pp. 3085-3110
    • Gulev, S.K.1    Barnier, B.2    Knochel, H.3    Molines, J.-M.4    Cottet, M.5
  • 24
    • 33846898007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimation of the impact of sampling errors in the VOS observations on air-sea fluxes. Part I: Uncertainties in climate means
    • Gulev, S. K., T. Jung, and E. Ruprecht, 2007: Estimation of the impact of sampling errors in the VOS observations on air-sea fluxes. Part I: Uncertainties in climate means. J. Climate, 20, 279-301.
    • (2007) J. Climate , vol.20 , pp. 279-301
    • Gulev, S.K.1    Jung, T.2    Ruprecht, E.3
  • 25
    • 0033562240 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variability in the simulated meridional heat transport in the North Atlantic for the period 1951-1993
    • Häkkinen, S., 1999: Variability in the simulated meridional heat transport in the North Atlantic for the period 1951-1993. J. Geophys. Res., 104, 10 991-11 007.
    • (1999) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.104 , pp. 10991-11007
    • Häkkinen, S.1
  • 26
    • 0001887218 scopus 로고
    • Critical examination of estimation methods of long-term mean air-sea heat and momentum transfers
    • Hanawa, K., and Y. Toba, 1987: Critical examination of estimation methods of long-term mean air-sea heat and momentum transfers. Ocean-Air Interactions, 1, 79-93.
    • (1987) Ocean-Air Interactions , vol.1 , pp. 79-93
    • Hanawa, K.1    Toba, Y.2
  • 27
    • 0029479274 scopus 로고
    • Decadal trends in the North Atlantic Oscillation: Regional temperatures and precipitation
    • Hurrell, J. W., 1995: Decadal trends in the North Atlantic Oscillation: Regional temperatures and precipitation. Science, 269, 676-679.
    • (1995) Science , vol.269 , pp. 676-679
    • Hurrell, J.W.1
  • 28
    • 0001318967 scopus 로고
    • Large-scale air-sea interaction in the Northern Hemisphere from a view point of variations of surface heat flux by SVD analysis
    • Iwasaka, N., and J. M. Wallace, 1995: Large-scale air-sea interaction in the Northern Hemisphere from a view point of variations of surface heat flux by SVD analysis. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 73, 781-794.
    • (1995) J. Meteor. Soc. Japan , vol.73 , pp. 781-794
    • Iwasaka, N.1    Wallace, J.M.2
  • 29
    • 22144442133 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surface freshwater flux variability and recent freshening of the North Atlantic in the eastern subpolar gyre
    • C05008, doi:10.1029/2004JC2521
    • Josey, S., and R. Marsh, 2005: Surface freshwater flux variability and recent freshening of the North Atlantic in the eastern subpolar gyre. J. Geophys. Res., 110, C05008, doi:10.1029/2004JC2521.
    • (2005) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.110
    • Josey, S.1    Marsh, R.2
  • 30
    • 0033190393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New insights into the ocean heat budget closure problem from analysis of the SOC air-sea flux climatology
    • Josey, S., E. C. Kent, and P. K. Taylor, 1999: New insights into the ocean heat budget closure problem from analysis of the SOC air-sea flux climatology. J. Climate, 12, 2856-2880.
    • (1999) J. Climate , vol.12 , pp. 2856-2880
    • Josey, S.1    Kent, E.C.2    Taylor, P.K.3
  • 31
    • 14044266165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reanalysis and reforecast of three major European storms of the twentieth century using the ECMWF forecasting system. Part I: Analyses and deterministic forecasts
    • Jung, T., E. Klinker, and S. Uppala, 2004: Reanalysis and reforecast of three major European storms of the twentieth century using the ECMWF forecasting system. Part I: Analyses and deterministic forecasts. Meteor. Appl., 11, 343-361.
    • (2004) Meteor. Appl. , vol.11 , pp. 343-361
    • Jung, T.1    Klinker, E.2    Uppala, S.3
  • 33
    • 0029768948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The NCEP/NCAR 40-Year Reanalysis Project
    • and Coauthors
    • Kalnay, E., and Coauthors, 1996: The NCEP/NCAR 40-Year Reanalysis Project. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 77, 437-471.
    • (1996) Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. , vol.77 , pp. 437-471
    • Kalnay, E.1
  • 35
    • 0034253132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduced space optimal interpolation of historical marine sea level pressure: 1854-1992
    • Kaplan, A., Y. Kushnir, and M. A. Cane, 2000: Reduced space optimal interpolation of historical marine sea level pressure: 1854-1992. J. Climate, 13, 2987-3002.
    • (2000) J. Climate , vol.13 , pp. 2987-3002
    • Kaplan, A.1    Kushnir, Y.2    Cane, M.A.3
  • 36
    • 33645406740 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduced space approach to the optimal analysis interpolation of historical marine observations: Accomplishments, difficulties, and prospects
    • World Meteorological Organization, WMO Tech. Doc. 1081
    • Kaplan, A., M. A. Cane, and Y. Kushnir, 2003: Reduced space approach to the optimal analysis interpolation of historical marine observations: Accomplishments, difficulties, and prospects. Advances in the Applications of Marine Climatology, World Meteorological Organization, WMO Tech. Doc. 1081, 199-216.
    • (2003) Advances in the Applications of Marine Climatology , pp. 199-216
    • Kaplan, A.1    Cane, M.A.2    Kushnir, Y.3
  • 37
    • 0027798898 scopus 로고
    • The accuracy of voluntary observing ships' meteorological observations-Results of the VSOP-NA
    • Kent, E. C., P. K. Taylor, B. S. Truscott, and J. S. Hopkins, 1993: The accuracy of voluntary observing ships' meteorological observations-Results of the VSOP-NA. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 10, 591-608.
    • (1993) J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol. , vol.10 , pp. 591-608
    • Kent, E.C.1    Taylor, P.K.2    Truscott, B.S.3    Hopkins, J.S.4
  • 38
    • 33846933613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metadata from WMO publication no. 47 and an assessment of voluntary observing ship observation heights in ICOADS
    • in press
    • Kent, E. C., and D. I. Berry, 2007: Metadata from WMO publication no. 47 and an assessment of voluntary observing ship observation heights in ICOADS. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., in press.
    • (2007) J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol.
    • Kent, E.C.1    Berry, D.I.2
  • 39
    • 0042092646 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The NCEP-NCAR 50-Year Re-analysis: Monthly means CD-ROM and documentation
    • and Coauthors
    • Kistler, R., and Coauthors, 2001: The NCEP-NCAR 50-Year Re-analysis: Monthly means CD-ROM and documentation. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 82, 247-267.
    • (2001) Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. , vol.82 , pp. 247-267
    • Kistler, R.1
  • 40
    • 0028262614 scopus 로고
    • Interdecadal variations in North Atlantic sea surface temperature and associated atmospheric conditions
    • Kushnir, Y., 1994: Interdecadal variations in North Atlantic sea surface temperature and associated atmospheric conditions. J. Climate, 7, 142-157.
    • (1994) J. Climate , vol.7 , pp. 142-157
    • Kushnir, Y.1
  • 41
    • 0001120993 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Labrador Sea Deep Convection Experiment
    • LabSea Group
    • LabSea Group, 1998: The Labrador Sea Deep Convection Experiment. Bull Amer. Meteor. Soc., 79, 2033-2058.
    • (1998) Bull Amer. Meteor. Soc. , vol.79 , pp. 2033-2058
  • 42
    • 0141676148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Errors of Atlantic air-sea fluxes derived from ship observations
    • Lindau, R., 2003: Errors of Atlantic air-sea fluxes derived from ship observations. J. Climate, 16, 783-788.
    • (2003) J. Climate , vol.16 , pp. 783-788
    • Lindau, R.1
  • 43
    • 0344030300 scopus 로고
    • Towards time-dependent calibration of historical wind observations at sea
    • Lindau, R., H.-J. Isemer, and L. Hasse, 1990: Towards time-dependent calibration of historical wind observations at sea. Trop. Ocean-Atmos. Newsl., 54, 7-12.
    • (1990) Trop. Ocean-Atmos. Newsl. , vol.54 , pp. 7-12
    • Lindau, R.1    Isemer, H.-J.2    Hasse, L.3
  • 44
    • 0029480465 scopus 로고
    • Marine surface temperature: Observed variations and data requirements
    • Parker, D. E., C. K. Folland, and M. Jackson, 1995: Marine surface temperature: Observed variations and data requirements. Climatic Change, 31, 559-600.
    • (1995) Climatic Change , vol.31 , pp. 559-600
    • Parker, D.E.1    Folland, C.K.2    Jackson, M.3
  • 45
    • 0007402212 scopus 로고
    • Did the Beaufort scale or the wind climate change?
    • Peterson, E. W., and L. Hasse, 1987: Did the Beaufort scale or the wind climate change? J. Phys. Oceanogr., 17, 1071-1074.
    • (1987) J. Phys. Oceanogr. , vol.17 , pp. 1071-1074
    • Peterson, E.W.1    Hasse, L.2
  • 46
    • 0742305193 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Globally complete analyses of sea surface temperature, sea ice and night marine air temperature, 1871-2000
    • doi:10.1029/2002JD002670
    • Rayner, N. A., D. E. Parker, E. B. Horton, C. K. Folland, L. V. Alexander, D. P. Rowell, E. C. Kent, and A. Kaplan, 2003: Globally complete analyses of sea surface temperature, sea ice and night marine air temperature, 1871-2000. J. Geophys. Res., 108, 4407, doi:10.1029/ 2002JD002670.
    • (2003) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.108 , pp. 4407
    • Rayner, N.A.1    Parker, D.E.2    Horton, E.B.3    Folland, C.K.4    Alexander, L.V.5    Rowell, D.P.6    Kent, E.C.7    Kaplan, A.8
  • 47
    • 0033602372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oceanic forcing of the wintertime North Atlantic Oscillation and European climate
    • Rodwell, M. J., D. P. Rowell, and C. K. Folland, 1999: Oceanic forcing of the wintertime North Atlantic Oscillation and European climate. Nature, 398, 320-323.
    • (1999) Nature , vol.398 , pp. 320-323
    • Rodwell, M.J.1    Rowell, D.P.2    Folland, C.K.3
  • 48
    • 0036129946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Some aspects of the improvement of skill of numerical weather prediction
    • Simmons, A. J., and A. Hollingsworth, 2002: Some aspects of the improvement of skill of numerical weather prediction. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 128, 647-677.
    • (2002) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. , vol.128 , pp. 647-677
    • Simmons, A.J.1    Hollingsworth, A.2
  • 49
    • 0037790554 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extended reconstruction of global sea surface temperatures based on COADS data (1854-1997)
    • Smith, T. M., and R. W. Reynolds, 2003: Extended reconstruction of global sea surface temperatures based on COADS data (1854-1997). J. Climate, 16, 1495-1510.
    • (2003) J. Climate , vol.16 , pp. 1495-1510
    • Smith, T.M.1    Reynolds, R.W.2
  • 50
    • 3242698027 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improved extended reconstruction of SST (1854-1997)
    • Smith, T. M., and R. W. Reynolds, 2004: Improved extended reconstruction of SST (1854-1997). J. Climate, 17, 2466-2477.
    • (2004) J. Climate , vol.17 , pp. 2466-2477
    • Smith, T.M.1    Reynolds, R.W.2
  • 51
    • 0035875005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the accuracy of gap-filling algorithms in global surface fields
    • Sterl, A., 2001: On the accuracy of gap-filling algorithms in global surface fields. Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 2473-2476.
    • (2001) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.28 , pp. 2473-2476
    • Sterl, A.1
  • 52
    • 8644286671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the (in)homogeneity of reanalysis products
    • Sterl, A., 2004: On the (in)homogeneity of reanalysis products. J. Climate, 17, 3866-3873.
    • (2004) J. Climate , vol.17 , pp. 3866-3873
    • Sterl, A.1
  • 53
    • 1642440102 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An active role of extretropical sea surface temperature anomalies in determining anomalous turbulent heat flux
    • doi:10.1029/2002JC001750
    • Tanimoto, Y., H. Nakamura, T. Kagimoto, and S. Yamane, 2003: An active role of extretropical sea surface temperature anomalies in determining anomalous turbulent heat flux. J. Geophys. Res., 108, 3304, doi:10.1029/ 2002JC001750.
    • (2003) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.108 , pp. 3304
    • Tanimoto, Y.1    Nakamura, H.2    Kagimoto, T.3    Yamane, S.4
  • 54
    • 0028580006 scopus 로고
    • Decadal atmosphere-ocean variations in the Pacific
    • Trenberth, K. E., and J. W. Hurrell, 1994: Decadal atmosphere-ocean variations in the Pacific. Climate Dyn., 9, 303-319.
    • (1994) Climate Dyn. , vol.9 , pp. 303-319
    • Trenberth, K.E.1    Hurrell, J.W.2
  • 55
    • 27144554835 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ERA-40 reanalysis
    • and Coauthors
    • Uppala, S., and Coauthors, 2005: The ERA-40 reanalysis. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 131, 2961-3012.
    • (2005) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. , vol.131 , pp. 2961-3012
    • Uppala, S.1
  • 57
    • 0030499710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Near surface wind over the global ocean 1949-1988
    • Ward, N. M., and B. J. Hoskins, 1996: Near surface wind over the global ocean 1949-1988. J. Climate, 9, 1877-1895.
    • (1996) J. Climate , vol.9 , pp. 1877-1895
    • Ward, N.M.1    Hoskins, B.J.2
  • 58
    • 0002502024 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term trends in the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis
    • Reading, United Kingdom, ECMWF, WCRP-109, WMO Tech. Doc. 985
    • White, G., 2000: Long-term trends in the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis. Proc. Second Int. Conf. on Reanalyses, Reading, United Kingdom, ECMWF, WCRP-109, WMO Tech. Doc. 985, 54-57.
    • (2000) Proc. Second Int. Conf. on Reanalyses , pp. 54-57
    • White, G.1
  • 59
    • 0031200808 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trimming problems and remedies in COADS
    • Wolter, K., 1997: Trimming problems and remedies in COADS. J. Climate, 10, 1980-1997.
    • (1997) J. Climate , vol.10 , pp. 1980-1997
    • Wolter, K.1
  • 61
    • 3042753855 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mean and variability of the WHOI daily latent and sensible heat fluxes at in-situ flux measurement sites in the Atlantic Ocean
    • Yu, L., R. A. Weller, and B. Sun, 2004: Mean and variability of the WHOI daily latent and sensible heat fluxes at in-situ flux measurement sites in the Atlantic Ocean. J. Climate, 17, 2096-2118.
    • (2004) J. Climate , vol.17 , pp. 2096-2118
    • Yu, L.1    Weller, R.A.2    Sun, B.3
  • 62
    • 33846911608 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Advances in higher resolution Global Ocean Observing System: Sea surface wind speed perspective
    • Preprints, Atlanta, GA, Amer. Meteor. Soc., CD-ROM, 6.5
    • Zhang, H.-M., J. J. Bates, and R. W. Reynolds, 2006: Advances in higher resolution Global Ocean Observing System: Sea surface wind speed perspective. Preprints, 14th Conf. on Interaction of the Sea and Atmosphere, Atlanta, GA, Amer. Meteor. Soc., CD-ROM, 6.5.
    • (2006) 14th Conf. on Interaction of the Sea and Atmosphere
    • Zhang, H.-M.1    Bates, J.J.2    Reynolds, R.W.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.