Satellite estimates of wind speed and latent heat flux over the global oceans

Journal of Climate

Volumn 16, Issue 4, 2003, Pages 637-656

  Bentamy, Abderrahim ^a   Katsaros, Kristina B ^b   Mestas Nunez, Alberto M ^c   Drennan, William M ^c   Forde, Evan B ^b   Roquet, Hervé ^d  

^a IFREMER   (France)

^b ATLANTIC OCEANOGRAPHIC AND METEOROLOGICAL LABORATORY   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI   (United States)

^d MÉTÉO FRANCE   (France)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BUOYS; HEAT FLUX; OCEANOGRAPHY; PARAMETER ESTIMATION; RADIOMETERS; REMOTE SENSING; SATELLITES; WIND;

SURFACE FLUXES;

CLIMATOLOGY;

AIR-SEA INTERACTION; AVHRR; ERS-2; GLOBAL OCEAN; NSCAT; REMOTE SENSING; SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE; SURFACE FLUX;

EID: 0141453275     PISSN: 08948755     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/1520-0442(2003)016<0637:SEOWSA>2.0.CO;2     Document Type: Article

References (55)

1. Ataktürk, S. S., and K. B. Katsaros, 1998: Estimates of surface humidity and wind speed obtained from satellite data in the stratocumulus regime in the Azores region. Remote Sensing of the Pacific Ocean by Satellites, R. A. Brown, Ed., Southwood Press, 16-22.
2. Baumgartner, A., and E. Reichel, 1975: The World Water Balance. Elsevier Science, 179 pp.
3. Beljaars, A. C. M., 1994: The impact of some aspects of the boundary layer scheme in the ECMWF model. Proc. Seminar on Parameterization of Sub-Grid Scale Processes. Reading, United Kingdom, European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, 125-161.
4. Beljaars, A. C. M., and P. Viterbo, 1998: The role of the boundary layer in a numerical weather prediction model. Clear and Cloudy Boundary Layers, A. A. M. Holtslag and P. G. Dunkerke, Eds., Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Science, 287-304.
5. Bentamy, A., Y. Quilfen, P. Quefeulou, and A. Cavanié, 1994: Calibration and validation of the ERS-1 scatterometer. IFREMER Tech. Rep. DRO/OS-94-01, 80 pp.
6. Bentamy, A., Y. Quilfen, F. Gohin, N. Grima, M. Lenaour, and J. Servain, 1996: Determination and validation of average field from ERS-1 scatterometer measurements. Global Atmos.-Ocean Syst., 4, 1-29.
7. Bentamy, A., P. Queffeulou, Y. Quilfen, and K. Katsaros, 1999: Ocean surface wind fields estimated from satellite active and passive microwave instruments. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 37, 2469-2486.
8. Bentamy, A., K. B. Katsaros, W. M. Drennan, and E. B. Forde, 2002: Daily surface wind fields produced by merged satellite data. Gas Transfer at Water Surfaces. Geophys. Monogr., No. 127. Amer. Geophys. Union, 343-349.
9. Bunker, A. F., 1976: Computations of surface energy flux and annual air-sea interaction cycles of the North Atlantic Ocean. Mon. Wea. Rev., 104, 1122-1140.
10. Courtier, P., and Coauthors, 1998: The ECMWF implementation of three-dimensional variational assimilation (3D-Var). I: Formulation, Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 124B, 1783-1807.
11. da Silva, A. M., C. C. Young, and S. Levitus, 1994: Anomalies of Fresh Water Fluxes. Vol. 4, Atlas of Surface Marine Data, NOAA Atlas NESDIS 9, 308 pp.
12. da Silva, A. M., C. C. Young, and S. Levitus, 1995: Towards a revised Beaufort equivalent scale. Proc. Int. COADS Winds Workshop, Kiel, Germany. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 270-286.
13. DeCosmo, J., K. B. Katsaros, S. D. Smith, R. J. Anderson, W. Oost, K. Bumke, and H. Chadwick, 1996: Air-sea exchange of water vapor and sensible heat: The Humidity Exchange Over the Sea (HEXOS) results. J. Geophys. Res., 101, 12 001-12 016.
14. Esbensen, S. K., and Y. Kushnir, 1981: The heat budget of the global ocean: An atlas based on estimates from surface marine observations. Climatic Research Institute. Oregon State University Rep. 29, 27 pp. and 188 figs.
15. Esbensen, S. K., D. B. Chelton, D. Vickers, and J. Sun, 1993: An analysis of errors in Special Sensor Microwave/Imager evaporation estimates over the global oceans. J. Geophys. Res., 98, 7081-7101.
16. Fairall, C. W., E. F. Bradley, D. P. Rogers, J. B. Edson, and G. S. Young, 1996: Bulk parameterization of air-sea fluxes for TOGA-COARE. J. Geophys. Res., 101, 3747-3764.
17. Freilich, M. H., 1997: Validation of vector magnitude datasets: Effect of random component errors. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 14, 695-703.
18. Gleckler, P. J., and B. C. Wearc, 1997: Uncertainties in global ocean surface heat flux climatologies derived from ship observations, J. Climate, 10, 2764-2781.
19. Goldenberg, S. B., C. W. Landsea, A. M. Mestas-Nunez, and W. M. Gray, 2001: The recent increase in Atlantic hurricane activity: Causes and implications. Science, 293, 474-479.
20. Goodberlet, M. A., C. T. Swift, and J. C. Wilkerson, 1989: Remote sensing of ocean surface winds with the Special Sensor Microwave/Imager. J. Geophys. Res., 94, 14 547-14 555.
21. Grima, N., A. Bentanny, K. Katsaros, and Y. Quilfen, 1999: Sensitivity of an oceanic general circulation model forced by satellite wind stress fields. J. Geophys. Res., 104, 7967-7989.
22. Halpern, D., 1993: Validation of Special Sensor Microwave/Imager monthly mean wind speeds from July 1987 to December 1989. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 31, 692-699.
23. Halpern, D., V. Zlotnicki, P. Woiceshyn, O. Brown, M. Freilich, and F. Wentz, 1998: An atlas of monthly mean distributions of SSM/I surface wind speed, AVHRR sea surface temperature, AMI surface wind velocity, and TOPEX/POSEIDON sea surface height during 1996. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Publ. 98-11, 101 pp.
24. Hasse, L., and S. D. Smith, 1997: Local sea surface wind, wind stress, and sensible and latent heat fluxes. J. Climate, 10, 2711-2724.
25. Isemer, H. J., and L. Hasse, 1987: The Bunker Climate Atlas of the North Atlantic Ocean. Vol. 2. Springer-Verlag, 252 pp.
26. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, 1996: NASA scatterometer science data product users manual: Overview and geophysical data products. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Publ. D-12985, 66 pp.
27. Josey, S. A., 2001: A comparison of ECMWF, NCEP-NCAR, and SOC surface heat fluxes with moored buoy measurements in the subduction region of the northeast Atlantic. J. Climate, 14, 1780-1789.
28. Jourdan, D., P. Peterson, and C. Gauthier, 1997: Oceanic freshwater budget and transport as derived from satellite radiometric data. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 27, 457-467.
29. Kalnay, E., and Coauthors, 1996: The NCEP/NCAR 40-Year Reanalysis Project. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 77, 437-472.
30. Kent, E. C., and P. K. Taylor, 1995: A comparison of sensible and latent heat flux estimates for the North Atlantic Ocean. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 25, 1530-1549.
31. Konda, M., N. Imasato, and A. Shibata, 1996: A new method to determine near sea surface air temperature by using satellite data. J. Geophys. Res., 101, 14 349-14 360.
32. Landsea, C. W., R. A. Pielke, A. M. Mestas-Nunez, and J. A. Knaff, 1999: Atlantic basin hurricanes: Indices of climatic changes. Climatic Change, 42, 89-129.
33. Lindau, R., 1995: A new Beaufort equivalent scale. Proc. Int. COADS Winds Workshop, Kiel, Germany, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 232-252.
34. Liu, W. T., 1986: Statistical relation between monthly precipitable water and surface-level humidity over global oceans. Mon. Wea. Rev., 114, 1591-1602.
35. Liu, W. T., K. B. Katsaros, and J. A. Basinger, 1979: Bulk parameterization of air-sea exchanges of heat and water vapor including the molecular constraints at the interface. J. Atmos. Sci., 36, 1722-1735.
36. Louis, J.-F., 1979: A parametric model of vertical eddy fluxes in the atmosphere. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 17, 187-202.
37. Madec, G., P. Delecluse, M. Imbard, and C. Lévy, 1998: OPA 8.1 ocean general circulation model reference manual. Note du Pole de Modelisation, Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace, Paris, France, N11, 91 pp.
38. Maroni, C., 1996: Offline wind field production. CERSAT News, No. 5, IFREMER Publ., 2-3. [Available online at http://www.ifremer.fr/cersat/FICHES/CNEWS/E_CNEWS.htm.]
39. Miller, D. K., and K. B. Katsaros, 1992: Satellite derived surface latent heat fluxes in a rapidly intensifying marine cyclone. Mon. Wea. Rev., 120, 1093-1107.
40. Petty, G. W., and K. B. Katsaros, 1992: Morning-Evening Differences in Global and Regional Oceanic Precipitation as Observed by the SSM/I. Purdue University Press, 4 pp.
41. Petty, G. W., and K. B. Katsaros, 1994: The response of the SSM/I to the marine environment. Part II: A parameterization of the effect of the sea surface slope distribution on emission and reflection. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 11, 617-628.
42. Quilfen, Y., 1995: ERS-I off-line wind scatterometer products. IFREMER Tech. Report, 75 pp.
43. Quilfen, Y., A. Bentamy, P. Delecluse, K. B. Katsaros, and N. Grima, 2000: Prediction of sea level anomalies using ocean circulation model forced by scatterometer wind and validation using TOPEX/Poseidon data. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 38, 1871-1884.
44. Reynolds, R. W., and T. M. Smith, 1994: Improved global sea surface temperature analyses using optimum interpolation. J. Climate, 7, 929-948.
45. Schlüssel, P., L. Schanz, and G. English, 1995: Retrieval of latent heat flux and long wave irradiance at the sea surface from SSM/I and AVHRR measurements. Adv. Space Res., 16, 107-115.
46. Schmitt, R. W., and S. E. Wijffels, 1993: The role of the ocean in the global water cycle. Interactions between Global Climate Subsystems, Geophys. Monogr., No. 75. Amer. Geophys. Union, 77-84.
47. Schulz, J., P. Schlüssel, and H. Grassl, 1993: Water vapor in the atmospheric boundary layer over oceans from SSM/I measurements. Int. J. Remote Sens., 14, 2773-2789.
48. Schulz, J., J. Meywerk, S. Ewald, and P. Schlüssel, 1997: Evaluation of satellite-derived latent heat fluxes. J. Climate, 10, 2782-2795.
49. Smith, S. D., 1988: Coefficients for sea surface wind stress, heat flux and wind profiles as a function of wind speed and temperature. J. Geophys. Res., 93, 15 467-15 472.
50. Soden, B. J., 1999: How well can we monitor and predict an intensification of the hydrological cycle? GEWEX News, Vol. 9, No. 3, 4-5.
51. Taylor, P. K., E. C. Kent, M. J. Yelland, and B. I. Moat, 1995: The accuracy of wind observations from ships. Proc. Int. COADS Winds Workshop, Kiel, Germany, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 132-155.
52. Wentz, F. J., and D. K. Smith, 1999: A model function for the ocean-normalized radar cross-section at 14 GHz derived from NSCAT observations. J. Geophys. Res., 104, 11 449-11 514.
53. Wentz, F. J., L. A. Mattox, and S. Peteherych, 1986: New algorithms for microwave measurements of ocean winds: Applications to Seasat and the Special Sensor Microwave/Imager. J. Geophys. Res., 91, 2289-2307.
54. Woodruff, S. D., H. F. Diaz, J. D. Elms, and S. J. Worley, 1998: COADS release 2 data and metadata enhancements for improvements of marine surface flux fields. Phys. Chem. Earth, 23, 517-526.
55. Zeng, X., M. Zhao, and R. E. Dickinson, 1998: Intercomparison of bulk aerodynamic algorithms for the computation of sea surface fluxes using TOGA-COARE and TAO data. J. Climate, 11, 2628-2644.