메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 8, Issue 1, 2007, Pages 25-42

Respiratory system involvement in antineutrophil cytoplasmic-associated systemic vasculitides: Clinical, pathological, radiological and therapeutic considerations

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

15 DEOXYSPERGUALIN; ALPHA INTERFERON; AZATHIOPRINE; CORTICOSTEROID; COTRIMOXAZOLE; CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE; ETANERCEPT; IMMUNOGLOBULIN; INFLIXIMAB; LEFLUNOMIDE; METHOTREXATE; METHYLPREDNISOLONE; MYCOPHENOLIC ACID 2 MORPHOLINOETHYL ESTER; NEUTROPHIL CYTOPLASMIC ANTIBODY; PLACEBO; PREDNISONE; RITUXIMAB; THYMOCYTE ANTIBODY; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA ANTIBODY;

EID: 33846704195     PISSN: 11745886     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2165/00126839-200708010-00003     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (22)

References (143)
  • 1
    • 0018136004 scopus 로고
    • The spectrum of vasculitis: Clinical, pathologic, immunologic, and therapeutic considerations
    • Fauci AS, Haynes BF, Katz P. The spectrum of vasculitis: clinical, pathologic, immunologic, and therapeutic considerations. Ann Intern Med 1978; 89: 660-76
    • (1978) Ann Intern Med , vol.89 , pp. 660-676
    • Fauci, A.S.1    Haynes, B.F.2    Katz, P.3
  • 2
    • 33846664890 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gross WL. Immunopathogenesis of vasculitis. In: Klippel JH, Dieppe PA, editors. Rheumatology. 2nd ed. London: Mosby, 1998: 7.19.1-19.8.3
    • Gross WL. Immunopathogenesis of vasculitis. In: Klippel JH, Dieppe PA, editors. Rheumatology. 2nd ed. London: Mosby, 1998: 7.19.1-19.8.3
  • 3
    • 0030725347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Small-vessel vasculitis
    • Jennette JC, Falk RJ. Small-vessel vasculitis. N Engl J Med 1997; 337: 1512-23
    • (1997) N Engl J Med , vol.337 , pp. 1512-1523
    • Jennette, J.C.1    Falk, R.J.2
  • 4
    • 33745712637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Respiratory system involvement in the systemic vasculitides
    • Manganelli P, Fietta P, Carotti M, et al. Respiratory system involvement in the systemic vasculitides. Clin Exp Rheum 2006; 24 Suppl. 41: S48-59
    • (2006) Clin Exp Rheum , vol.24 , Issue.SUPPL. 41
    • Manganelli, P.1    Fietta, P.2    Carotti, M.3
  • 5
    • 33745775665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Outcome and prognostic factors during the course of primary small-vessel vasculitides
    • Pavone L, Grasselli C, Chierici E, et al. Outcome and prognostic factors during the course of primary small-vessel vasculitides. J Rheumatol 2006; 33: 1299-306
    • (2006) J Rheumatol , vol.33 , pp. 1299-1306
    • Pavone, L.1    Grasselli, C.2    Chierici, E.3
  • 6
    • 0026505235 scopus 로고
    • Wegener's granulomatosis: An analysis of 158 patients
    • Hoffman GS, Kerr GS, Leavitt RY, et al. Wegener's granulomatosis: an analysis of 158 patients. Ann Intern Med 1992; 116: 488-98
    • (1992) Ann Intern Med , vol.116 , pp. 488-498
    • Hoffman, G.S.1    Kerr, G.S.2    Leavitt, R.Y.3
  • 7
    • 0034044534 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An interdisciplinary approach to the care of patients with Wegener's granulomatosis: Long-term outcome in 155 patients
    • Reinhold-Keller E, Beuge N, Latza U, et al. An interdisciplinary approach to the care of patients with Wegener's granulomatosis: long-term outcome in 155 patients. Arthritis Rheum 2000; 43: 1021-32
    • (2000) Arthritis Rheum , vol.43 , pp. 1021-1032
    • Reinhold-Keller, E.1    Beuge, N.2    Latza, U.3
  • 8
    • 0043074578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wegener's Granulomatosis Etanercept Trial Research Group. Limited versus severe Wegener's granulomatosis: Baseline data on patients in the Wegener's Granulomatosis Etanercept Trial
    • Stone JH. Wegener's Granulomatosis Etanercept Trial Research Group. Limited versus severe Wegener's granulomatosis: baseline data on patients in the Wegener's Granulomatosis Etanercept Trial. Arthritis Rheum 2003; 48: 2299-309
    • (2003) Arthritis Rheum , vol.48 , pp. 2299-2309
    • Stone, J.H.1
  • 9
    • 0029777426 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical features and therapeutic management of subglottic stenosis in patients with Wegener's granulomatosis
    • Langford CA, Sneller MC, Hallahan CW, et al. Clinical features and therapeutic management of subglottic stenosis in patients with Wegener's granulomatosis. Arthritis Rheum 1996; 39: 1754-60
    • (1996) Arthritis Rheum , vol.39 , pp. 1754-1760
    • Langford, C.A.1    Sneller, M.C.2    Hallahan, C.W.3
  • 10
    • 0028852840 scopus 로고
    • Tracheobronchial involvement in Wegener's granulomatosis
    • Daum TE, Specks U, Colby TV, et al. Tracheobronchial involvement in Wegener's granulomatosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1995; 151: 522-6
    • (1995) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.151 , pp. 522-526
    • Daum, T.E.1    Specks, U.2    Colby, T.V.3
  • 11
    • 0036947289 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical features in 17 paediatric patients with Wegener granulomatosis
    • Belostotsky VM, Shah V, Dillon M. Clinical features in 17 paediatric patients with Wegener granulomatosis. Pediatr Nephrol 2002; 17: 754-61
    • (2002) Pediatr Nephrol , vol.17 , pp. 754-761
    • Belostotsky, V.M.1    Shah, V.2    Dillon, M.3
  • 12
    • 0027404194 scopus 로고
    • Wegener's granulomatosis in children and adolescent: Clinical presentation and outcome
    • Rottem M, Fauci AS, Hallahan CW, et al. Wegener's granulomatosis in children and adolescent: clinical presentation and outcome. J Pediatr 1993; 122: 26-31
    • (1993) J Pediatr , vol.122 , pp. 26-31
    • Rottem, M.1    Fauci, A.S.2    Hallahan, C.W.3
  • 13
    • 0034124580 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Small vessel vasculitis of the lung
    • Schwarz MI, Brown KK. Small vessel vasculitis of the lung. Thorax 2000; 55: 502-10
    • (2000) Thorax , vol.55 , pp. 502-510
    • Schwarz, M.I.1    Brown, K.K.2
  • 14
    • 0028305930 scopus 로고
    • Antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody-associated alveolar capillaritis in patients presenting with pulmonary haemorrhage
    • Bosch X, López-Soto A, Mirapeix E, et al. Antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody-associated alveolar capillaritis in patients presenting with pulmonary haemorrhage. Arch Pathol Lab Med 1994; 118: 517-22
    • (1994) Arch Pathol Lab Med , vol.118 , pp. 517-522
    • Bosch, X.1    López-Soto, A.2    Mirapeix, E.3
  • 15
    • 0029758342 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Respiratory failure in ANCA-associated vasculitis
    • ter Maaten JC, Franssen CFM, Gans ROB, et al. Respiratory failure in ANCA-associated vasculitis. Chest 1996; 110: 357-62
    • (1996) Chest , vol.110 , pp. 357-362
    • ter Maaten, J.C.1    Franssen, C.F.M.2    Gans, R.O.B.3
  • 16
    • 0029797787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pulmonary capillaritis and alveolar hemorrhage: Update on diagnosis and management
    • Green RJ, Ruoss SJ, Kraft SA, et al. Pulmonary capillaritis and alveolar hemorrhage: update on diagnosis and management. Chest 1996; 110: 1305-16
    • (1996) Chest , vol.110 , pp. 1305-1316
    • Green, R.J.1    Ruoss, S.J.2    Kraft, S.A.3
  • 18
    • 33749075605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Churg-Strauss syndrome in children: A clinical and pathologic review
    • Boyer D, Vargas SO, Slattery D, et al. Churg-Strauss syndrome in children: a clinical and pathologic review. Pediatrics 2006; 118: 914-20
    • (2006) Pediatrics , vol.118 , pp. 914-920
    • Boyer, D.1    Vargas, S.O.2    Slattery, D.3
  • 19
    • 0021347081 scopus 로고
    • Systemic vasculitis with asthma and eosinophilia: A clinical approach to the Churg-Strauss syndrome
    • Lanham JC, Elkon KB, Pusey CD, et al. Systemic vasculitis with asthma and eosinophilia: a clinical approach to the Churg-Strauss syndrome. Medicine 1984; 63: 65-81
    • (1984) Medicine , vol.63 , pp. 65-81
    • Lanham, J.C.1    Elkon, K.B.2    Pusey, C.D.3
  • 20
    • 0242662441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Churg-Strauss syndrome (allergic granulomatous angiitis): Review and update
    • Abril A, Calamia KT, Cohen MD. The Churg-Strauss syndrome (allergic granulomatous angiitis): review and update. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2003; 33: 106-14
    • (2003) Semin Arthritis Rheum , vol.33 , pp. 106-114
    • Abril, A.1    Calamia, K.T.2    Cohen, M.D.3
  • 21
    • 0032899221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Churg-Strauss syndrome: Clinical study and long-term follow-up of 96 patients
    • Guillevin L, Cohen P, Gayraud M, et al. Churg-Strauss syndrome: clinical study and long-term follow-up of 96 patients. Medicine 1999; 78: 26-37
    • (1999) Medicine , vol.78 , pp. 26-37
    • Guillevin, L.1    Cohen, P.2    Gayraud, M.3
  • 22
    • 0032085774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonasthmatic case of Churg-Strauss syndrome with rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis
    • Yamashita Y, Yorioka N, Taniguchi Y, et al. Nonasthmatic case of Churg-Strauss syndrome with rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis. Intern Med 1998; 37: 561-3
    • (1998) Intern Med , vol.37 , pp. 561-563
    • Yamashita, Y.1    Yorioka, N.2    Taniguchi, Y.3
  • 23
    • 0036842038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atypical presentation of Churg-Strauss syndrome: Another "forme fruste" of the disease?
    • Malik TQ, Youmbissi TJ, Gacha R, et al. Atypical presentation of Churg-Strauss syndrome: another "forme fruste" of the disease? Am J Med Sci 2002; 324: 276-8
    • (2002) Am J Med Sci , vol.324 , pp. 276-278
    • Malik, T.Q.1    Youmbissi, T.J.2    Gacha, R.3
  • 24
    • 4644289538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Allergic granulomatosis and angiitis in the absence of asthma and blood eosinophilia: A rare presentation of limited Churg-Strauss syndrome
    • Sevinc A, Hasanouglu HC, Gokirmak M, et al. Allergic granulomatosis and angiitis in the absence of asthma and blood eosinophilia: a rare presentation of limited Churg-Strauss syndrome. Rheumatol Int 2004; 24: 301-4
    • (2004) Rheumatol Int , vol.24 , pp. 301-304
    • Sevinc, A.1    Hasanouglu, H.C.2    Gokirmak, M.3
  • 25
    • 0023618395 scopus 로고
    • Severe alveolar haemorrhage in Churg-Strauss syndrome
    • Clutterbuck EJ, Pusey CD. Severe alveolar haemorrhage in Churg-Strauss syndrome. Eur J Respir Dis 1987; 71: 158-63
    • (1987) Eur J Respir Dis , vol.71 , pp. 158-163
    • Clutterbuck, E.J.1    Pusey, C.D.2
  • 26
    • 0031804053 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Churg-Strauss syndrome presenting with pulmonary capillaritis and diffuse alveolar hemorrhage
    • Lai R-S, Lin S-L, Lai N-S, et al. Churg-Strauss syndrome presenting with pulmonary capillaritis and diffuse alveolar hemorrhage. Scand J Rheumatol 1998; 27: 230-2
    • (1998) Scand J Rheumatol , vol.27 , pp. 230-232
    • Lai, R.-S.1    Lin S-L, L.N.-S.2
  • 27
    • 0034900049 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Churg-Strauss syndrome: Outcome and long-term follow-up of 32 patients
    • Solans R, Bosch JA, Pérez-Bocanegra C, et al. Churg-Strauss syndrome: outcome and long-term follow-up of 32 patients. Rheumatology 2001; 40: 763-71
    • (2001) Rheumatology , vol.40 , pp. 763-771
    • Solans, R.1    Bosch, J.A.2    Pérez-Bocanegra, C.3
  • 28
    • 0036851421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Churg-Strauss syndrome: Clinical and serological features of 19 patients from a single Italian centre
    • Della Rossa A, Baldini C, Tavoni A, et al. Churg-Strauss syndrome: clinical and serological features of 19 patients from a single Italian centre. Rheumatology 2002; 41: 1286-94
    • (2002) Rheumatology , vol.41 , pp. 1286-1294
    • Della Rossa, A.1    Baldini, C.2    Tavoni, A.3
  • 29
    • 0024372120 scopus 로고
    • Pleural effusion in Churg-Strauss syndrome
    • Erzurum SC, Underwood GA, Hamilos DL, et al. Pleural effusion in Churg-Strauss syndrome. Chest 1989; 95: 1357-9
    • (1989) Chest , vol.95 , pp. 1357-1359
    • Erzurum, S.C.1    Underwood, G.A.2    Hamilos, D.L.3
  • 30
    • 0033050247 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microscopic polyangiitis: Clinical and laboratory findings in eighty-five patients
    • Guillevin L, Durant-Gasselin B, Cevallos R, et al. Microscopic polyangiitis: clinical and laboratory findings in eighty-five patients. Arthritis Rheum 1999; 42: 421-30
    • (1999) Arthritis Rheum , vol.42 , pp. 421-430
    • Guillevin, L.1    Durant-Gasselin, B.2    Cevallos, R.3
  • 31
    • 29944445112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Childhood microscopic polyangiitis associated with myeloperoxidase-ANCA
    • Peco-Antic A, Bonaci-Nikolic B, Basta-Jovanovic G, et al. Childhood microscopic polyangiitis associated with myeloperoxidase-ANCA. Pediatr Nephrol 2006; 21: 46-53
    • (2006) Pediatr Nephrol , vol.21 , pp. 46-53
    • Peco-Antic, A.1    Bonaci-Nikolic, B.2    Basta-Jovanovic, G.3
  • 32
    • 0033863551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microscopic polyangiitis with alveolar haemorrhage: A study of 29 cases and review of the literature
    • Lauque D, Cadranel J, Lazor R, et al. Microscopic polyangiitis with alveolar haemorrhage: a study of 29 cases and review of the literature. Medicine 2000; 79: 222-33
    • (2000) Medicine , vol.79 , pp. 222-233
    • Lauque, D.1    Cadranel, J.2    Lazor, R.3
  • 33
    • 0027317599 scopus 로고
    • Pulmonary capillaritis: The association with progressive irreversible airflow limitation and hyperinflation
    • Schwarz MI, Mortenson RL, Colby TV, et al. Pulmonary capillaritis: the association with progressive irreversible airflow limitation and hyperinflation. Am Rev Respir Dis 1993; 148: 507-11
    • (1993) Am Rev Respir Dis , vol.148 , pp. 507-511
    • Schwarz, M.I.1    Mortenson, R.L.2    Colby, T.V.3
  • 34
    • 8044244821 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progressive obstructive lung disease associated with microscopic polyangiitis
    • Brugiere O, Raffy O, Sleiman C, et al. Progressive obstructive lung disease associated with microscopic polyangiitis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1997; 155: 739-42
    • (1997) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.155 , pp. 739-742
    • Brugiere, O.1    Raffy, O.2    Sleiman, C.3
  • 35
  • 36
    • 0037246046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pulmonary interstitial fibrosis as a presenting manifestation in perinuclear antineutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody microscopic polyangiitis
    • Eschun GM, Mink SN, Sharma S. Pulmonary interstitial fibrosis as a presenting manifestation in perinuclear antineutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody microscopic polyangiitis. Chest 2003; 123: 297-301
    • (2003) Chest , vol.123 , pp. 297-301
    • Eschun, G.M.1    Mink, S.N.2    Sharma, S.3
  • 37
    • 3943060097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma of the lung associated with a highly positive pANCA-titer and clinical signs of microscopic polyangiitis [in German]
    • Watz H, Hammerl P, Matter C, et al. Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma of the lung associated with a highly positive pANCA-titer and clinical signs of microscopic polyangiitis [in German]. Pneumologie 2004; 58: 493-8
    • (2004) Pneumologie , vol.58 , pp. 493-498
    • Watz, H.1    Hammerl, P.2    Matter, C.3
  • 38
    • 0033006527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The pulmonary-renal syndrome: A poorly understood clinicopathologic condition
    • Bosch X, Font J. The pulmonary-renal syndrome: a poorly understood clinicopathologic condition. Lupus 1999; 8: 258-62
    • (1999) Lupus , vol.8 , pp. 258-262
    • Bosch, X.1    Font, J.2
  • 39
    • 17144412184 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA)
    • Radice A, Sinico RA. Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA). Autoimmunity 2005; 38: 93-103
    • (2005) Autoimmunity , vol.38 , pp. 93-103
    • Radice, A.1    Sinico, R.A.2
  • 40
    • 15144339407 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnostic value of standardized assays for anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies in idiopathic systemic vasculitis. EC/BCR Project for ANCA Assay Standardization
    • Hagen EC, Daha MR, Hermans J, et al. Diagnostic value of standardized assays for anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies in idiopathic systemic vasculitis. EC/BCR Project for ANCA Assay Standardization. Kidney Int 1998; 53: 743-53
    • (1998) Kidney Int , vol.53 , pp. 743-753
    • Hagen, E.C.1    Daha, M.R.2    Hermans, J.3
  • 41
    • 25444514704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence and clinical significance of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies in Churg-Strauss syndrome
    • Sinico RA, Di Toma L, Maggiore U, et al. Prevalence and clinical significance of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies in Churg-Strauss syndrome. Arthritis Rheum 2005; 52: 2926-35
    • (2005) Arthritis Rheum , vol.52 , pp. 2926-2935
    • Sinico, R.A.1    Di Toma, L.2    Maggiore, U.3
  • 42
    • 27644529997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies and the Churg Strauss-syndrome
    • Sablè-Fourtassou R, Cohen P, Mahr A, et al. Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies and the Churg Strauss-syndrome. Ann Intern Med 2005; 143: 632-8
    • (2005) Ann Intern Med , vol.143 , pp. 632-638
    • Sablè-Fourtassou, R.1    Cohen, P.2    Mahr, A.3
  • 43
    • 0036266879 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies under actual clinical testing conditions
    • Russell KA, Wiegert E, Schroeder DR, et al. Detection of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies under actual clinical testing conditions. Clin Immunol 2002; 103: 196-203
    • (2002) Clin Immunol , vol.103 , pp. 196-203
    • Russell, K.A.1    Wiegert, E.2    Schroeder, D.R.3
  • 44
    • 0037446513 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies in patients with various pulmonary diseases or multiorgan dysfunction
    • Vassilopoulos D, Niles JL, Villa-Forte A, et al. Prevalence of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies in patients with various pulmonary diseases or multiorgan dysfunction. Arthritis Rheum 2003; 49: 151-5
    • (2003) Arthritis Rheum , vol.49 , pp. 151-155
    • Vassilopoulos, D.1    Niles, J.L.2    Villa-Forte, A.3
  • 45
    • 29244461435 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serial ANCA determinations for monitoring disease activity in patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis: Systematic review
    • Birck R, Schmitt WH, Kaelsch IA, et al. Serial ANCA determinations for monitoring disease activity in patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis: systematic review. Am J Kidney Dis 2006; 47: 15-23
    • (2006) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.47 , pp. 15-23
    • Birck, R.1    Schmitt, W.H.2    Kaelsch, I.A.3
  • 46
    • 0031951404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Churg-Strauss syndrome: Serum markers of lymphocyte activation and endothelial damage
    • Schmitt WH, Csernok E, Kobayashi S, et al. Churg-Strauss syndrome: serum markers of lymphocyte activation and endothelial damage. Arthritis Rheum 1998; 41: 445-52
    • (1998) Arthritis Rheum , vol.41 , pp. 445-452
    • Schmitt, W.H.1    Csernok, E.2    Kobayashi, S.3
  • 47
    • 0036140717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Churg-Strauss syndrome: Update on recent development
    • Gross WL. Churg-Strauss syndrome: update on recent development. Curr Opin Rheumatol 2002; 14: 11-4
    • (2002) Curr Opin Rheumatol , vol.14 , pp. 11-14
    • Gross, W.L.1
  • 48
    • 0030982476 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Usefulness of procalcitonin for differentiation between activity of systemic autoimmune disease (systemic lupus erythematosus/antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis) and invasive bacterial infection
    • Eberhard OK, Haubitz M, Brunkhorst FM, et al. Usefulness of procalcitonin for differentiation between activity of systemic autoimmune disease (systemic lupus erythematosus/antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis) and invasive bacterial infection. Arthritis Rheum 1997; 40: 1250-6
    • (1997) Arthritis Rheum , vol.40 , pp. 1250-1256
    • Eberhard, O.K.1    Haubitz, M.2    Brunkhorst, F.M.3
  • 49
    • 0018903889 scopus 로고
    • Functional correlates of lung involvement in Wegener's granulomatosis: Use of pulmonary function tests in staging and follow-up
    • Rosenberg DM, Weinberger SE, Fulmer JD, et al. Functional correlates of lung involvement in Wegener's granulomatosis: use of pulmonary function tests in staging and follow-up. Am J Med 1980; 69: 387-94
    • (1980) Am J Med , vol.69 , pp. 387-394
    • Rosenberg, D.M.1    Weinberger, S.E.2    Fulmer, J.D.3
  • 50
    • 21244471527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impairment of lung function, health status and functional capacity in patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis
    • Newall C, Schinke S, Savage CO, et al. Impairment of lung function, health status and functional capacity in patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis. Rheumatology 2005; 44: 623-8
    • (2005) Rheumatology , vol.44 , pp. 623-628
    • Newall, C.1    Schinke, S.2    Savage, C.O.3
  • 51
    • 0025268537 scopus 로고
    • Pulmonary Wegener's granulomatosis: A clinical and imaging study of 77 cases
    • Cordier JF, Valeyre D, Guillevin L, et al. Pulmonary Wegener's granulomatosis: a clinical and imaging study of 77 cases. Chest 1990; 97: 906-12
    • (1990) Chest , vol.97 , pp. 906-912
    • Cordier, J.F.1    Valeyre, D.2    Guillevin, L.3
  • 52
    • 0026447676 scopus 로고
    • Imaging of thoracic Wegener's granulomatosis: The computed tomographic appearance
    • Papiris SA, Manoussakis MN, Drosos AA, et al. Imaging of thoracic Wegener's granulomatosis: the computed tomographic appearance. Am J Med 1992; 93: 529-36
    • (1992) Am J Med , vol.93 , pp. 529-536
    • Papiris, S.A.1    Manoussakis, M.N.2    Drosos, A.A.3
  • 53
    • 0033676347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pulmonary vasculitis: The spectrum of radiological findings
    • Seo JB, Im JG, Chung JW, et al. Pulmonary vasculitis: the spectrum of radiological findings. Br J Radiol 2000; 73: 1224-31
    • (2000) Br J Radiol , vol.73 , pp. 1224-1231
    • Seo, J.B.1    Im, J.G.2    Chung, J.W.3
  • 54
    • 0034809154 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Imaging of the pulmonary manifestations of systemic disease
    • Rockall AG, Rickards D, Shaw PJ. Imaging of the pulmonary manifestations of systemic disease. Postgrad Med J 2001; 77: 621-38
    • (2001) Postgrad Med J , vol.77 , pp. 621-638
    • Rockall, A.G.1    Rickards, D.2    Shaw, P.J.3
  • 55
    • 0025305623 scopus 로고
    • Thoracic manifestations of Wegener's granulomatosis: Diagnosis and course
    • Aberle DR, Gamsu G, Lynch D. Thoracic manifestations of Wegener's granulomatosis: diagnosis and course. Radiology 1990; 174: 703-9
    • (1990) Radiology , vol.174 , pp. 703-709
    • Aberle, D.R.1    Gamsu, G.2    Lynch, D.3
  • 56
    • 0026045457 scopus 로고
    • Wegener's granulomatosis: CT features of parenchymal lung disease
    • Kuhlman JE, Hruban RH, Fishman EK. Wegener's granulomatosis: CT features of parenchymal lung disease. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1991; 15: 948-52
    • (1991) J Comput Assist Tomogr , vol.15 , pp. 948-952
    • Kuhlman, J.E.1    Hruban, R.H.2    Fishman, E.K.3
  • 57
    • 0037983431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thoracic manifestations of Wegener's granulomatosis: CT findings in 30 patients
    • Lee SK, Kim TS, Fujimoto K, et al. Thoracic manifestations of Wegener's granulomatosis: CT findings in 30 patients. Eur Radiol 2003; 13: 43-51
    • (2003) Eur Radiol , vol.13 , pp. 43-51
    • Lee, S.K.1    Kim, T.S.2    Fujimoto, K.3
  • 58
    • 0038321061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Active disease and residual damage in treated Wegener's granulomatosis: An observational study using pulmonary high resolution computed tomography
    • Komócsi A, Reuter M, Heller M, et al. Active disease and residual damage in treated Wegener's granulomatosis: an observational study using pulmonary high resolution computed tomography. Eur Radiol 2003; 13: 36-42
    • (2003) Eur Radiol , vol.13 , pp. 36-42
    • Komócsi, A.1    Reuter, M.2    Heller, M.3
  • 59
    • 0028153947 scopus 로고
    • Pulmonary nodules and the CT halo sign
    • Primack SL, Hartman TE, Lee KS, et al. Pulmonary nodules and the CT halo sign. Radiology 1994; 190: 513-5
    • (1994) Radiology , vol.190 , pp. 513-515
    • Primack, S.L.1    Hartman, T.E.2    Lee, K.S.3
  • 60
    • 0025988192 scopus 로고
    • Allergic angiitis and granulomatosis: Churg-Strauss syndrome. Retrospective study of 16 cases
    • Haas C, Geneau C, Odinot JM, et al. Allergic angiitis and granulomatosis: Churg-Strauss syndrome. Retrospective study of 16 cases. Ann Med Interne 1991; 142: 335-42
    • (1991) Ann Med Interne , vol.142 , pp. 335-342
    • Haas, C.1    Geneau, C.2    Odinot, J.M.3
  • 61
    • 17644425722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Churg-Strauss syndrome: High resolution CT and pathologic findings
    • Silva CI, Muller NL, Fujimoto K, et al. Churg-Strauss syndrome: high resolution CT and pathologic findings. J Thorac Imaging 2005; 20: 74-80
    • (2005) J Thorac Imaging , vol.20 , pp. 74-80
    • Silva, C.I.1    Muller, N.L.2    Fujimoto, K.3
  • 62
    • 24744472044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pulmonary involvement in microscopic polyangiitis
    • Collins CE, Quismorio FP. Pulmonary involvement in microscopic polyangiitis. Curr Opin Pulm Med 2005; 11: 447-51
    • (2005) Curr Opin Pulm Med , vol.11 , pp. 447-451
    • Collins, C.E.1    Quismorio, F.P.2
  • 63
    • 0031464621 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of transbronchial biopsy in pulmonary vasculitides
    • Schnabel A, Holl-Ulrich K, Dalhoff K, et al. Efficacy of transbronchial biopsy in pulmonary vasculitides. Eur Respir J 1997; 10: 2738-43
    • (1997) Eur Respir J , vol.10 , pp. 2738-2743
    • Schnabel, A.1    Holl-Ulrich, K.2    Dalhoff, K.3
  • 64
    • 0025959097 scopus 로고
    • Bronchoalveolar lavage analysis in Wegener's granulomatosis: A method to study disease pathogenesis
    • Hoffman GS, Sechler JMG, Gallin JI, et al. Bronchoalveolar lavage analysis in Wegener's granulomatosis: a method to study disease pathogenesis. Am Rev Respir Dis 1991; 143: 401-7
    • (1991) Am Rev Respir Dis , vol.143 , pp. 401-407
    • Hoffman, G.S.1    Sechler, J.M.G.2    Gallin, J.I.3
  • 65
    • 0034095175 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activation of neutrophils, eosinophils, and lymphocytes in the lower respiratory tract in Wegener's granulomatosis
    • Schnabel A, Csernok E, Gross WL. Activation of neutrophils, eosinophils, and lymphocytes in the lower respiratory tract in Wegener's granulomatosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000; 161: 399-40
    • (2000) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.161 , pp. 399-340
    • Schnabel, A.1    Csernok, E.2    Gross, W.L.3
  • 66
    • 0032839025 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bronchoalveolar lavage cell profile in Wegener's granulomatosis
    • Schnabel A, Reuter M, Gloeckner K, et al. Bronchoalveolar lavage cell profile in Wegener's granulomatosis. Respir Med 1999; 93: 498-506
    • (1999) Respir Med , vol.93 , pp. 498-506
    • Schnabel, A.1    Reuter, M.2    Gloeckner, K.3
  • 67
    • 0032907826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytokine profile in Wegener's granulomatosis: Predominance of type 1 (Th1) in the granulomatous inflammation
    • Csernok E, Trabandt A, Muller A, et al. Cytokine profile in Wegener's granulomatosis: predominance of type 1 (Th1) in the granulomatous inflammation. Arthritis Rheum 1999; 42: 742-50
    • (1999) Arthritis Rheum , vol.42 , pp. 742-750
    • Csernok, E.1    Trabandt, A.2    Muller, A.3
  • 68
    • 0025324246 scopus 로고
    • Eosinophilic alveolitis in immunologic interstitial lung disorders
    • Olivieri D, Pesci A, Bertorelli G. Eosinophilic alveolitis in immunologic interstitial lung disorders. Lung 1990; 168 Suppl.: 964-73
    • (1990) Lung , vol.168 , Issue.SUPPL. , pp. 964-973
    • Olivieri, D.1    Pesci, A.2    Bertorelli, G.3
  • 69
    • 0027464977 scopus 로고
    • Bronchoalveolar lavage in allergic granulomatosis and angiitis
    • Wallaert B, Gosset P, Prin L, et al. Bronchoalveolar lavage in allergic granulomatosis and angiitis. Eur Respir J 1993; 6: 413-7
    • (1993) Eur Respir J , vol.6 , pp. 413-417
    • Wallaert, B.1    Gosset, P.2    Prin, L.3
  • 70
    • 0032771304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammatory cells and cellular activation in the lower respiratory tract in Churg-Strauss syndrome
    • Schnabel A, Csernok E, Braun J, et al. Inflammatory cells and cellular activation in the lower respiratory tract in Churg-Strauss syndrome. Thorax 1999; 54: 771-8
    • (1999) Thorax , vol.54 , pp. 771-778
    • Schnabel, A.1    Csernok, E.2    Braun, J.3
  • 71
    • 0347927296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Familial vasculitides: Churg-Strauss syndrome and Wegener's granulomatosis in two first-degree relatives
    • Manganelli P, Giacosa R, Fietta P, et al. Familial vasculitides: Churg-Strauss syndrome and Wegener's granulomatosis in two first-degree relatives. J Rheumatol 2003; 30: 618-21
    • (2003) J Rheumatol , vol.30 , pp. 618-621
    • Manganelli, P.1    Giacosa, R.2    Fietta, P.3
  • 72
    • 0025743401 scopus 로고
    • Surgical pathology of the lung in Wegener's granulomatosis: Review of 87 open lung biopsies from 67 patients
    • Travis WD, Hoffman GS, Leavitt RY, et al. Surgical pathology of the lung in Wegener's granulomatosis: review of 87 open lung biopsies from 67 patients. Am J Surg Pathol 1991; 19: 315-33
    • (1991) Am J Surg Pathol , vol.19 , pp. 315-333
    • Travis, W.D.1    Hoffman, G.S.2    Leavitt, R.Y.3
  • 73
    • 0029009037 scopus 로고
    • The pathologic spectrum of pulmonary lesions in patients with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies specific for anti-proteinase 3 and anti-myeloperoxidase
    • Gaudin PB, Askin FB, Falk RJ, et al. The pathologic spectrum of pulmonary lesions in patients with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies specific for anti-proteinase 3 and anti-myeloperoxidase. Am J Clin Pathol 1995; 104: 7-16
    • (1995) Am J Clin Pathol , vol.104 , pp. 7-16
    • Gaudin, P.B.1    Askin, F.B.2    Falk, R.J.3
  • 74
    • 0025354822 scopus 로고
    • Interpretation of head and neck biopsies in Wegener's granulomatosis: A pathologic study of 126 biopsies in 70 patients
    • Devankey KO, Travis WD, Hoffman G, et al. Interpretation of head and neck biopsies in Wegener's granulomatosis: a pathologic study of 126 biopsies in 70 patients. Am J Surg Pathol 1990; 14: 555-64
    • (1990) Am J Surg Pathol , vol.14 , pp. 555-564
    • Devankey, K.O.1    Travis, W.D.2    Hoffman, G.3
  • 75
    • 0034525372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnostic features and differential diagnosis of Churg-Strauss syndrome in the lung: A review
    • Katzenstein AL. Diagnostic features and differential diagnosis of Churg-Strauss syndrome in the lung: a review. Am J Clin Pathol 2000; 114: 767-72
    • (2000) Am J Clin Pathol , vol.114 , pp. 767-772
    • Katzenstein, A.L.1
  • 76
    • 33646527617 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ear-nose and throat manifestations of Churg-Strauss syndrome
    • Bacciu A, Bacciu S, Mercante G, et al. Ear-nose and throat manifestations of Churg-Strauss syndrome. Acta Otolaryngol 2006; 126: 503-9
    • (2006) Acta Otolaryngol , vol.126 , pp. 503-509
    • Bacciu, A.1    Bacciu, S.2    Mercante, G.3
  • 77
    • 4243717700 scopus 로고
    • European therapeutic trials in ANCA-associated systemic vasculitis: Disease scoring, consensus regimens and proposed clinical trials
    • Rasmussen N, Abramowicz D, Andrassy K, et al. European therapeutic trials in ANCA-associated systemic vasculitis: disease scoring, consensus regimens and proposed clinical trials. Clin Exp Immunol 1995; 101 Suppl. 1: 29-34
    • (1995) Clin Exp Immunol , vol.101 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 29-34
    • Rasmussen, N.1    Abramowicz, D.2    Andrassy, K.3
  • 78
    • 0031201034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of antineutrophil cytoplasm autoantibody-associated systemic vasculitis: Initiatives of the European Community Systemic Vasculitis Clinical Trial Study Group
    • for the European Community Systemic Vasculitis Clinical Trials Study Group ECSYSVAS-TRIAL
    • Jayne DRW, Rasmussen N, for the European Community Systemic Vasculitis Clinical Trials Study Group (ECSYSVAS-TRIAL). Treatment of antineutrophil cytoplasm autoantibody-associated systemic vasculitis: initiatives of the European Community Systemic Vasculitis Clinical Trial Study Group. Mayo Clin Proc 1997; 72: 737-47
    • (1997) Mayo Clin Proc , vol.72 , pp. 737-747
    • Jayne, D.R.W.1    Rasmussen, N.2
  • 79
    • 0021960964 scopus 로고
    • Wegener's granulomatosis: Observations on treatment with antimicrobial agents
    • DeRemee RA, McDonald TJ, Weiland LH. Wegener's granulomatosis: observations on treatment with antimicrobial agents. Mayo Clin Proc 1985; 60: 27-32
    • (1985) Mayo Clin Proc , vol.60 , pp. 27-32
    • DeRemee, R.A.1    McDonald, T.J.2    Weiland, L.H.3
  • 80
    • 0026564405 scopus 로고
    • The treatment of Wegener's granulomatosis with glucocorticoids and methotrexate
    • Hoffman GS, Leavitt RY, Kerr GS, et al. The treatment of Wegener's granulomatosis with glucocorticoids and methotrexate. Arthritis Rheum 1992; 35: 1322-9
    • (1992) Arthritis Rheum , vol.35 , pp. 1322-1329
    • Hoffman, G.S.1    Leavitt, R.Y.2    Kerr, G.S.3
  • 81
    • 0028969403 scopus 로고
    • An analysis of forty-two Wegener's granulomatosis patients treated with methotrexate and prednisone
    • Sneller MC, Hoffman GS, Talar-Williams C, et al. An analysis of forty-two Wegener's granulomatosis patients treated with methotrexate and prednisone. Arthritis Rheum 1995; 38: 608-13
    • (1995) Arthritis Rheum , vol.38 , pp. 608-613
    • Sneller, M.C.1    Hoffman, G.S.2    Talar-Williams, C.3
  • 82
    • 2642671151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induction of remission in Wegener's granulomatosis with low dose methotrexate
    • de Groot K, Muhler M, Reinhold-Keller E, et al. Induction of remission in Wegener's granulomatosis with low dose methotrexate. J Rheumatol 1998; 25: 492-5
    • (1998) J Rheumatol , vol.25 , pp. 492-495
    • de Groot, K.1    Muhler, M.2    Reinhold-Keller, E.3
  • 83
    • 0032962071 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of non-life threatening Wegener's granulomatosis with methotrexate and daily prednisone as the initial therapy of choice
    • Stone JH, Tun W, Hellman DB. Treatment of non-life threatening Wegener's granulomatosis with methotrexate and daily prednisone as the initial therapy of choice. J Rheumatol 1999; 26: 1134-9
    • (1999) J Rheumatol , vol.26 , pp. 1134-1139
    • Stone, J.H.1    Tun, W.2    Hellman, D.B.3
  • 84
    • 0033869129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of methotrexate and glucocorticoids in the treatment of Wegener's granulomatosis: Long-term renal outcome in patients with glomerulonephritis
    • Langford CA, Talar-Williams C, Sneller MC. Use of methotrexate and glucocorticoids in the treatment of Wegener's granulomatosis: long-term renal outcome in patients with glomerulonephritis. Arthritis Rheum 2000; 43: 1836-40
    • (2000) Arthritis Rheum , vol.43 , pp. 1836-1840
    • Langford, C.A.1    Talar-Williams, C.2    Sneller, M.C.3
  • 85
    • 15044343279 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Churg-Strauss syndrome: Successful induction of remission with methotrexate and unexpected high cardiac and pulmonary relapse ratio during maintenance treatment
    • Metzler C, Hellmich B, Gause A, et al. Churg-Strauss syndrome: successful induction of remission with methotrexate and unexpected high cardiac and pulmonary relapse ratio during maintenance treatment. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2004; 22 Suppl. 36: S52-61
    • (2004) Clin Exp Rheumatol , vol.22 , Issue.SUPPL. 36
    • Metzler, C.1    Hellmich, B.2    Gause, A.3
  • 86
    • 0018778115 scopus 로고
    • Cyclophosphamide therapy of severe systemic necrotizing vasculitis
    • Fauci AS, Katz P, Haynes BF, et al. Cyclophosphamide therapy of severe systemic necrotizing vasculitis. N Engl J Med 1979; 301: 235-8
    • (1979) N Engl J Med , vol.301 , pp. 235-238
    • Fauci, A.S.1    Katz, P.2    Haynes, B.F.3
  • 87
    • 0034786478 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The value of pulse cyclophosphamide in ANCA-associated vasculitis: Meta-analysis and critical review
    • de Groot K, Adu D, Savage C. The value of pulse cyclophosphamide in ANCA-associated vasculitis: meta-analysis and critical review. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2001; 16: 2018-27
    • (2001) Nephrol Dial Transplant , vol.16 , pp. 2018-2027
    • de Groot, K.1    Adu, D.2    Savage, C.3
  • 88
    • 0028334702 scopus 로고
    • Influence of disease manifestation and antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody titer on the response to pulse cyclophosphamide therapy in patients with Wegener's granulomatosis
    • Reinhold-Keller E, Kekow J, Schnabel A, et al. Influence of disease manifestation and antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody titer on the response to pulse cyclophosphamide therapy in patients with Wegener's granulomatosis. Arthritis Rheum 1994; 37: 919-24
    • (1994) Arthritis Rheum , vol.37 , pp. 919-924
    • Reinhold-Keller, E.1    Kekow, J.2    Schnabel, A.3
  • 89
    • 9244245789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monthly intravenous pulse cyclophosphamide therapy in Wegener's granulomatosis
    • Lê Thu Huong D, Papo T, Piette JC, et al. Monthly intravenous pulse cyclophosphamide therapy in Wegener's granulomatosis. Clin Exp Rheumatol 1996; 14: 9-16
    • (1996) Clin Exp Rheumatol , vol.14 , pp. 9-16
    • Lê Thu Huong, D.1    Papo, T.2    Piette, J.C.3
  • 90
    • 0026005195 scopus 로고
    • Plasma exchange in focal necrotizing glomerulonephritis without anti-GBM antibodies
    • Pusey CD, Rees AJ, Evans DJ, et al. Plasma exchange in focal necrotizing glomerulonephritis without anti-GBM antibodies. Kidney Int 1991; 40: 757-63
    • (1991) Kidney Int , vol.40 , pp. 757-763
    • Pusey, C.D.1    Rees, A.J.2    Evans, D.J.3
  • 91
    • 0028835224 scopus 로고
    • Corticosteroids plus pulse cyclophosphamide and plasma exchanges versus corticosteroids plus pulse cyclophosphamide alone in the treatment of polyarteritis nodosa and Churg-Strauss syndrome patients with factors predicting poor prognosis: A prospective, randomized trial in sixty-two patients
    • Guillevin L, Lhote F, Cohen P, et al. Corticosteroids plus pulse cyclophosphamide and plasma exchanges versus corticosteroids plus pulse cyclophosphamide alone in the treatment of polyarteritis nodosa and Churg-Strauss syndrome patients with factors predicting poor prognosis: a prospective, randomized trial in sixty-two patients. Arthritis Rheum 1995; 38: 1638-45
    • (1995) Arthritis Rheum , vol.38 , pp. 1638-1645
    • Guillevin, L.1    Lhote, F.2    Cohen, P.3
  • 92
    • 0034939835 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasmapheresis in antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated systemic vasculitis
    • Gaskin G, Pusey C. Plasmapheresis in antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated systemic vasculitis. Ther Apher 2001; 5: 176-81
    • (2001) Ther Apher , vol.5 , pp. 176-181
    • Gaskin, G.1    Pusey, C.2
  • 93
    • 0345732702 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasma exchange treatment improves prognosis of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated crescentic glomerulonephritis: A case-control study in 26 patients from a single center
    • Frasca GM, Soverini ML, Falaschini A, et al. Plasma exchange treatment improves prognosis of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated crescentic glomerulonephritis: a case-control study in 26 patients from a single center. Ther Apher Dial 2003; 7: 540-6
    • (2003) Ther Apher Dial , vol.7 , pp. 540-546
    • Frasca, G.M.1    Soverini, M.L.2    Falaschini, A.3
  • 94
    • 0027302287 scopus 로고
    • ANCA anti-idiotype antibodies and the treatment of systemic vasculitis with intravenous immunoglobulin
    • Jayne DRW, Esnault VLM, Lockwood CM. ANCA anti-idiotype antibodies and the treatment of systemic vasculitis with intravenous immunoglobulin. J Autoimmun 1993; 6: 207-19
    • (1993) J Autoimmun , vol.6 , pp. 207-219
    • Jayne, D.R.W.1    Esnault, V.L.M.2    Lockwood, C.M.3
  • 95
    • 0033942210 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intravenous immunoglobulin for ANCA-associated systemic vasculitis with persistent disease activity
    • Jayne DRW, Chapel H, Adu D, et al. Intravenous immunoglobulin for ANCA-associated systemic vasculitis with persistent disease activity. Q J Med 2000; 93: 433-9
    • (2000) Q J Med , vol.93 , pp. 433-439
    • Jayne, D.R.W.1    Chapel, H.2    Adu, D.3
  • 97
    • 0036853090 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of TNF-α blockade with infliximab in refractory Wegener's granulomatosis
    • Lamprecht P, Voswinkel J, Lilienthal T, et al. Effectiveness of TNF-α blockade with infliximab in refractory Wegener's granulomatosis. Rheumatology 2002; 41: 1303-7
    • (2002) Rheumatology , vol.41 , pp. 1303-1307
    • Lamprecht, P.1    Voswinkel, J.2    Lilienthal, T.3
  • 98
    • 0036796830 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of the anti-TNF alpha antibody infliximab against refractory systemic vasculitides: An open pilot study on 10 patients
    • Bartolucci P, Ramanoelina J, Cohen P, et al. Efficacy of the anti-TNF alpha antibody infliximab against refractory systemic vasculitides: an open pilot study on 10 patients. Rheumatology 2002; 41: 1126-32
    • (2002) Rheumatology , vol.41 , pp. 1126-1132
    • Bartolucci, P.1    Ramanoelina, J.2    Cohen, P.3
  • 99
    • 0036993235 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of refractory Churg-Strauss- Syndrome (CSS) by TNF alpha blockade
    • Arbach O, Gross WL, Gause A. Treatment of refractory Churg-Strauss- Syndrome (CSS) by TNF alpha blockade. Immunobiology 2002; 206: 496-501
    • (2002) Immunobiology , vol.206 , pp. 496-501
    • Arbach, O.1    Gross, W.L.2    Gause, A.3
  • 100
    • 0036092632 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety and efficacy of TNFα blockade in relapsing vasculitis [abstract]
    • Booth AD, Jefferson HJ, Ayliffe W, et al. Safety and efficacy of TNFα blockade in relapsing vasculitis [abstract]. Ann Rheum Dis 2002; 61: 559
    • (2002) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.61 , pp. 559
    • Booth, A.D.1    Jefferson, H.J.2    Ayliffe, W.3
  • 101
    • 1542288825 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospective study of TNF alpha blockade with infliximab in anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody associated systemic vasculitis
    • Booth A, Harper L, Hammad T, et al. Prospective study of TNF alpha blockade with infliximab in anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody associated systemic vasculitis. J Am Soc Nephrol 2004; 15: 717-21
    • (2004) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.15 , pp. 717-721
    • Booth, A.1    Harper, L.2    Hammad, T.3
  • 102
    • 0035033807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Etanercept combined with conventional treatment in Wegener's granulomatosis: A six-month open-label trial to evaluate safety
    • Stone JH, Uhlfelder ML, Hellmann DB, et al. Etanercept combined with conventional treatment in Wegener's granulomatosis: a six-month open-label trial to evaluate safety. Arthritis Rheum 2001; 44: 1149-54
    • (2001) Arthritis Rheum , vol.44 , pp. 1149-1154
    • Stone, J.H.1    Uhlfelder, M.L.2    Hellmann, D.B.3
  • 103
    • 12544253745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Etanercept plus standard therapy for Wegener's granulomatosis
    • The Wegener's Granulomatosis Etanercept Trial (WEGT) Research Group
    • The Wegener's Granulomatosis Etanercept Trial (WEGT) Research Group. Etanercept plus standard therapy for Wegener's granulomatosis. N Engl J Med 2005; 352: 351-61
    • (2005) N Engl J Med , vol.352 , pp. 351-361
  • 104
    • 2642680076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • + T cells exhibiting an unbalanced Th1-type T cell cytokine pattern: Reversal with IL-10
    • + T cells exhibiting an unbalanced Th1-type T cell cytokine pattern: reversal with IL-10. J Immunol 1998; 160: 3602-9
    • (1998) J Immunol , vol.160 , pp. 3602-3609
    • Lúdvísson, B.1    Sneller, M.C.2    Chua, K.S.3
  • 105
    • 0036097722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • - T cells are a major source of interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor-α in Wegener's granulomatosis
    • - T cells are a major source of interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor-α in Wegener's granulomatosis. Am J Pathol 2002; 160: 1717-24
    • (2002) Am J Pathol , vol.160 , pp. 1717-1724
    • Komocsi, A.1    Lamprecht, P.2    Csernok, E.3
  • 106
    • 0032883131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Depleting effects of antithymotis cyte globulin on T-lymphocyte subsets in kidney transplantation
    • Mestre M, Bas J, Alsina J, et al. Depleting effects of antithymotis cyte globulin on T-lymphocyte subsets in kidney transplantation. Transplant Proc 1999; 31: 2254-5
    • (1999) Transplant Proc , vol.31 , pp. 2254-2255
    • Mestre, M.1    Bas, J.2    Alsina, J.3
  • 107
    • 1642545105 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of refractory Wegener's granulomatosis with antithymocyte globulin (ATG): An open study in 15 patients
    • Schmitt WH, Hagen EC, Neumann I, et al. Treatment of refractory Wegener's granulomatosis with antithymocyte globulin (ATG): an open study in 15 patients. Kidney Int 2004; 65: 1440-8
    • (2004) Kidney Int , vol.65 , pp. 1440-1448
    • Schmitt, W.H.1    Hagen, E.C.2    Neumann, I.3
  • 108
    • 33745697938 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • B lymphocyte maturation in Wegener's granulomatosis: A comparative analysis of VH genes from endonasal lesions
    • Voswinkel J, Mueller A, Kraemer JA, et al. B lymphocyte maturation in Wegener's granulomatosis: a comparative analysis of VH genes from endonasal lesions. Ann Rheum Dis 2006; 65: 859-64
    • (2006) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.65 , pp. 859-864
    • Voswinkel, J.1    Mueller, A.2    Kraemer, J.A.3
  • 109
    • 0035674612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Response of Wegener's granulomatosis to anti-CD20 chimeric monoclonal antibody therapy
    • Specks U, Fervenza FC, McDonald TJ, et al. Response of Wegener's granulomatosis to anti-CD20 chimeric monoclonal antibody therapy. Arthritis Rheum 2001; 44: 2836-40
    • (2001) Arthritis Rheum , vol.44 , pp. 2836-2840
    • Specks, U.1    Fervenza, F.C.2    McDonald, T.J.3
  • 110
    • 12344330217 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induction of remission by B lymphocyte depletion in eleven patients with refractory antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis
    • Keogh K, Wylam M, Stone J, et al. Induction of remission by B lymphocyte depletion in eleven patients with refractory antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis. Arthritis Rheum 2005; 52: 262-8
    • (2005) Arthritis Rheum , vol.52 , pp. 262-268
    • Keogh, K.1    Wylam, M.2    Stone, J.3
  • 111
    • 31944440872 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rituximab for refractory Wegener's granulomatosis: Report of a prospective, open-label pilot trial
    • Keogh K, Ytterberg SR, Fervenza FC, et al. Rituximab for refractory Wegener's granulomatosis: report of a prospective, open-label pilot trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2006; 173: 180-7
    • (2006) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.173 , pp. 180-187
    • Keogh, K.1    Ytterberg, S.R.2    Fervenza, F.C.3
  • 112
    • 33745725917 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lack of efficacy of rituximab in Wegener's granulomatosis with refractory granulomatous manifestations
    • Arie PM, Hellmich B, Voswinkel J, et al. Lack of efficacy of rituximab in Wegener's granulomatosis with refractory granulomatous manifestations. Ann Rheum Dis 2006; 65: 853-8
    • (2006) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.65 , pp. 853-858
    • Arie, P.M.1    Hellmich, B.2    Voswinkel, J.3
  • 113
    • 33745683699 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Should rituximab be used to treat antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody associated vasculitis?
    • Flossmann O, Jones RB, Jayne DRW, et al. Should rituximab be used to treat antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody associated vasculitis? Ann Rheum Dis 2006; 65: 841-4
    • (2006) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.65 , pp. 841-844
    • Flossmann, O.1    Jones, R.B.2    Jayne, D.R.W.3
  • 114
    • 20844443668 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prolonged treatment of refractory Wegener's granulomatosis with 15-deoxyspergualin: An open study in seven patients
    • Schmitt WH, Birck R, Heinzel PA, et al. Prolonged treatment of refractory Wegener's granulomatosis with 15-deoxyspergualin: an open study in seven patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2005; 20: 1083-92
    • (2005) Nephrol Dial Transplant , vol.20 , pp. 1083-1092
    • Schmitt, W.H.1    Birck, R.2    Heinzel, P.A.3
  • 115
    • 0032168695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interferon-alpha treatment of four patients with the Churg-Strauss syndrome
    • Tatsis E, Schnabel A, Gross WL. Interferon-alpha treatment of four patients with the Churg-Strauss syndrome. Ann Intern Med 1998; 129: 370-4
    • (1998) Ann Intern Med , vol.129 , pp. 370-374
    • Tatsis, E.1    Schnabel, A.2    Gross, W.L.3
  • 116
    • 0344393717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical and immunological effects of low-dose IFN-alpha treatment in patients with corticosteroid-resistant asthma
    • Simon HU, Seelbach H, Ehmann R, et al. Clinical and immunological effects of low-dose IFN-alpha treatment in patients with corticosteroid-resistant asthma. Allergy 2003; 58: 1250-5
    • (2003) Allergy , vol.58 , pp. 1250-1255
    • Simon, H.U.1    Seelbach, H.2    Ehmann, R.3
  • 117
    • 0020656868 scopus 로고
    • Wegener's granulomatosis: Prospective clinical and therapeutic experience with 85 patients for 21 years
    • Fauci AS, Haynes BF, Katz P, et al. Wegener's granulomatosis: prospective clinical and therapeutic experience with 85 patients for 21 years. Ann Intern Med 1983; 98: 76-85
    • (1983) Ann Intern Med , vol.98 , pp. 76-85
    • Fauci, A.S.1    Haynes, B.F.2    Katz, P.3
  • 118
    • 0027508370 scopus 로고
    • Relapse in patients with systemic vasculitis
    • Gordon M, Luqmani RA, Adu D, et al. Relapse in patients with systemic vasculitis. Q J Med 1993; 86: 779-89
    • (1993) Q J Med , vol.86 , pp. 779-789
    • Gordon, M.1    Luqmani, R.A.2    Adu, D.3
  • 119
    • 0024586814 scopus 로고
    • Infectious complications of cyclophosphamide treatment for vasculitis
    • Bradley JD, Brandt KD, Katz BP. Infectious complications of cyclophosphamide treatment for vasculitis. Arthritis Rheum 1989; 32: 45-53
    • (1989) Arthritis Rheum , vol.32 , pp. 45-53
    • Bradley, J.D.1    Brandt, K.D.2    Katz, B.P.3
  • 120
    • 4644253850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Urinary bladder cancer in Wegener's granulomatosis: Risks and relation to cyclophosphamide
    • Knight A, Askling J, Granath F, et al. Urinary bladder cancer in Wegener's granulomatosis: risks and relation to cyclophosphamide. Ann Rheum Dis 2004; 63: 1307-11
    • (2004) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.63 , pp. 1307-1311
    • Knight, A.1    Askling, J.2    Granath, F.3
  • 121
    • 0344395547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasmapheresis therapy for diffuse alveolar hemorrhage in patients with small vessel vasculitis
    • Klemmer PJ, Chalermskulrat W, Reif MS, et al. Plasmapheresis therapy for diffuse alveolar hemorrhage in patients with small vessel vasculitis. Am J Kidney Dis 2003; 42: 1149-53
    • (2003) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.42 , pp. 1149-1153
    • Klemmer, P.J.1    Chalermskulrat, W.2    Reif, M.S.3
  • 122
    • 0038122889 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized trial of maintenance therapy for vasculitis associated with antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies
    • Jayne D, Rasmussen N, Andrasy K, et al. A randomized trial of maintenance therapy for vasculitis associated with antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies. N Engl J Med 2003; 349: 36-44
    • (2003) N Engl J Med , vol.349 , pp. 36-44
    • Jayne, D.1    Rasmussen, N.2    Andrasy, K.3
  • 123
    • 1842780219 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Positive classic antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (C-ANCA) titer at switch to azathioprine therapy associated with relapse in proteinase 3-related vasculitis
    • Slot MC, Tervaert JW, Boomsma MM, et al. Positive classic antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (C-ANCA) titer at switch to azathioprine therapy associated with relapse in proteinase 3-related vasculitis. Arthritis Rheum 2004; 51: 269-73
    • (2004) Arthritis Rheum , vol.51 , pp. 269-273
    • Slot, M.C.1    Tervaert, J.W.2    Boomsma, M.M.3
  • 124
    • 0037097601 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High rate of renal relapse in 71 patients with Wegener's granulomatosis under maintenance of remission with low-dose methotrexate
    • Reinhold-Keller E, Fink C, Herlyn K, et al. High rate of renal relapse in 71 patients with Wegener's granulomatosis under maintenance of remission with low-dose methotrexate. Arthritis Rheum 2002; 47: 326-32
    • (2002) Arthritis Rheum , vol.47 , pp. 326-332
    • Reinhold-Keller, E.1    Fink, C.2    Herlyn, K.3
  • 125
    • 0033499210 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A staged approach to the treatment of Wegener's granulomatosis: Induction of remission with glucocorticoids and daily cyclophosphamide switching to methotrexate for remission maintenance
    • Langford CA, Talar-Williams C, Barron KS, et al. A staged approach to the treatment of Wegener's granulomatosis: induction of remission with glucocorticoids and daily cyclophosphamide switching to methotrexate for remission maintenance. Arthritis Rheum 1999; 42: 2666-73
    • (1999) Arthritis Rheum , vol.42 , pp. 2666-2673
    • Langford, C.A.1    Talar-Williams, C.2    Barron, K.S.3
  • 126
    • 0037447483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of cyclophosphamide-induction methotrexate-maintenance regi-men for the treatment of Wegener's granulomatosis: Extended follow-up and rate of relapse
    • Langford CA, Talar-Williams C, Barron KS, et al. Use of cyclophosphamide-induction methotrexate-maintenance regi-men for the treatment of Wegener's granulomatosis: extended follow-up and rate of relapse. Am J Med 2003; 114: 463-9
    • (2003) Am J Med , vol.114 , pp. 463-469
    • Langford, C.A.1    Talar-Williams, C.2    Barron, K.S.3
  • 127
    • 23644455521 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized trial of cyclophosphamide versus methotrexate for induction of remission in early systemic antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis
    • de Groot K, Rasmussen N, Bacon PA. Randomized trial of cyclophosphamide versus methotrexate for induction of remission in early systemic antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis. Arthritis Rheum 2005; 52: 2461-9
    • (2005) Arthritis Rheum , vol.52 , pp. 2461-2469
    • de Groot, K.1    Rasmussen, N.2    Bacon, P.A.3
  • 128
    • 0030064262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of leflunomide and other immunosuppressive agents on T cell proliferation in vitro
    • Chong AS, Rezai K, Gebel HM, et al. Effects of leflunomide and other immunosuppressive agents on T cell proliferation in vitro. Transplantation 1996; 61: 140-5
    • (1996) Transplantation , vol.61 , pp. 140-145
    • Chong, A.S.1    Rezai, K.2    Gebel, H.M.3
  • 129
    • 1442350027 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maintenance of remission with leflunomide in Wegener's granulomatosis
    • Metzler C, Fink C, Lamprecht P, et al. Maintenance of remission with leflunomide in Wegener's granulomatosis. Rheumatology 2004; 63: 315-20
    • (2004) Rheumatology , vol.63 , pp. 315-320
    • Metzler, C.1    Fink, C.2    Lamprecht, P.3
  • 130
    • 0036080398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mycophenolate mofetil: Selecantitive T cell inhibition
    • McMurray RW, Harisdangkul V. Mycophenolate mofetil: selecantitive T cell inhibition. Am J Med Sci 2002; 323: 194-6
    • (2002) Am J Med Sci , vol.323 , pp. 194-196
    • McMurray, R.W.1    Harisdangkul, V.2
  • 131
    • 0344549857 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mycophenolate mofetil for maintenance therapy of Wegener's granulomatosis and microscopic polyangiitis: A pilot study in 11 patients with renal involvement
    • Nowack R, Göbel U, Kloosker P, et al. Mycophenolate mofetil for maintenance therapy of Wegener's granulomatosis and microscopic polyangiitis: a pilot study in 11 patients with renal involvement. J Am Soc Nephrol 1999; 10: 1965-71
    • (1999) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.10 , pp. 1965-1971
    • Nowack, R.1    Göbel, U.2    Kloosker, P.3
  • 132
    • 0035985414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tolerance of mycophenolate mofetil in end-stage renal disease patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis
    • Haubitz M, de Groot K. Tolerance of mycophenolate mofetil in end-stage renal disease patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis. Clin Nephrol 2002; 57: 421-4
    • (2002) Clin Nephrol , vol.57 , pp. 421-424
    • Haubitz, M.1    de Groot, K.2
  • 133
    • 1842628929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mycophenolate mofetil for remission maintenance in the treatment of Wegener's granulomatosis
    • Langford CA, Talar-Williams C, Sneller MC. Mycophenolate mofetil for remission maintenance in the treatment of Wegener's granulomatosis. Arthritis Rheum 2004; 51: 278-83
    • (2004) Arthritis Rheum , vol.51 , pp. 278-283
    • Langford, C.A.1    Talar-Williams, C.2    Sneller, M.C.3
  • 134
    • 27944471000 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A pilot study using mycophenolate mofetil in relapsing or resistant ANCA small vessel vasculitis
    • Joy MS, Hogan SI, Jennette JC, et al. A pilot study using mycophenolate mofetil in relapsing or resistant ANCA small vessel vasculitis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2005; 20: 2725-32
    • (2005) Nephrol Dial Transplant , vol.20 , pp. 2725-2732
    • Joy, M.S.1    Hogan, S.I.2    Jennette, J.C.3
  • 135
    • 0002737870 scopus 로고
    • Association of chronic nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus and higher relapse rates in Wegener's granulomatosis
    • Stegeman CA, Cohen Tervaert JW, Sluiter WJ, et al. Association of chronic nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus and higher relapse rates in Wegener's granulomatosis. Ann Intern Med 1994; 20: 12-7
    • (1994) Ann Intern Med , vol.20 , pp. 12-17
    • Stegeman, C.A.1    Cohen Tervaert, J.W.2    Sluiter, W.J.3
  • 136
    • 0030028966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Response to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole in Wegener's granulomatosis depends on the phase of disease
    • Reinhold-Keller E, De Groot K, Rudert H, et al. Response to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole in Wegener's granulomatosis depends on the phase of disease. Q J Med 1996; 89: 15-23
    • (1996) Q J Med , vol.89 , pp. 15-23
    • Reinhold-Keller, E.1    De Groot, K.2    Rudert, H.3
  • 137
    • 0029946561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trimethoprim- sulfamethoxazole (co-trimoxazole) for the prevention of relapses of Wegener's granulomatosis
    • Stegeman CA, Cohen Tervaert JW, de Jong PE, et al. Trimethoprim- sulfamethoxazole (co-trimoxazole) for the prevention of relapses of Wegener's granulomatosis. N Engl J Med 1996; 335: 16-20
    • (1996) N Engl J Med , vol.335 , pp. 16-20
    • Stegeman, C.A.1    Cohen Tervaert, J.W.2    de Jong, P.E.3
  • 138
    • 33644514330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pulmonary vasculitis
    • Brown KK. Pulmonary vasculitis. Proc Am Thorac Soc 2006; 3: 48-57
    • (2006) Proc Am Thorac Soc , vol.3 , pp. 48-57
    • Brown, K.K.1
  • 139
    • 0027536455 scopus 로고
    • Limited prognostic value of changes in antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody titer in patients with Wegener's granulomatosis
    • Kerr GS, Fleisher TA, Hallahan CW, et al. Limited prognostic value of changes in antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody titer in patients with Wegener's granulomatosis. Arthritis Rheum 1993; 36: 365-71
    • (1993) Arthritis Rheum , vol.36 , pp. 365-371
    • Kerr, G.S.1    Fleisher, T.A.2    Hallahan, C.W.3
  • 140
    • 0033135768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serial measurement of antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies in patients with systemic vasculitis
    • Kyndt X, Reumaux D, Bridoux F, et al. Serial measurement of antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies in patients with systemic vasculitis. Am J Med 1999; 106: 527-33
    • (1999) Am J Med , vol.106 , pp. 527-533
    • Kyndt, X.1    Reumaux, D.2    Bridoux, F.3
  • 141
    • 0035093413 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies a marker predictive of relapse in Wegener's granulomatosis? A prospective study
    • Girard T, Mahr A, Noel L-H, et al. Are antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies a marker predictive of relapse in Wegener's granulomatosis? A prospective study. Rheumatology 2001; 40: 147-51
    • (2001) Rheumatology , vol.40 , pp. 147-151
    • Girard, T.1    Mahr, A.2    Noel, L.-H.3
  • 142
    • 33745771954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Outcome in small-vessel systemic vasculitis
    • Luqmani RA, Flossmann O. Outcome in small-vessel systemic vasculitis. J Rheumatol 2006; 33: 1224-7
    • (2006) J Rheumatol , vol.33 , pp. 1224-1227
    • Luqmani, R.A.1    Flossmann, O.2
  • 143
    • 0030070089 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prognostic factors in polyarteritis nodosa and Churg-Strauss syndrome: A prospective study in 342 patients
    • Guillevin L, Lhote F, Gayraud M, et al. Prognostic factors in polyarteritis nodosa and Churg-Strauss syndrome: a prospective study in 342 patients. Medicine 1996; 75: 17-28
    • (1996) Medicine , vol.75 , pp. 17-28
    • Guillevin, L.1    Lhote, F.2    Gayraud, M.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.