메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 130, Issue 1, 2007, Pages 78-87

Spreading photoparoxysmal EEG response is associated with an abnormal cortical excitability pattern

Author keywords

Cortical excitability; Motor cortex; Photosensitivity; Transcranial magnetic stimulation; Visual cortex

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ARTICLE; BRAIN DEPTH STIMULATION; BRAIN FUNCTION; CONTROLLED STUDY; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY; FEMALE; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; MALE; MOTOR CORTEX; NORMAL HUMAN; OCCIPITAL CORTEX; PHOTOSENSITIVITY; PHOTOSTIMULATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROVOCATION; SPIKE WAVE; STIMULUS RESPONSE; TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATION; VISION; VISUAL CORTEX; VISUAL STIMULATION; VISUAL THRESHOLD;

EID: 33845874913     PISSN: 00068950     EISSN: 14602156     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/brain/awl306     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (59)

References (57)
  • 1
    • 0037606081 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Manipulation of phosphene thresholds by transcranial direct current stimulation in man
    • Antal A, Kincses TZ, Nitsche MA, Paulus W. Manipulation of phosphene thresholds by transcranial direct current stimulation in man. Exp Brain Res 2003; 150: 375-8.
    • (2003) Exp Brain Res , vol.150 , pp. 375-378
    • Antal, A.1    Kincses, T.Z.2    Nitsche, M.A.3    Paulus, W.4
  • 3
    • 20544477340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cortical inhibition is reduced in chronic and episodic migraine and demonstrates a spectrum of illness
    • Aurora S, Barrodale P, Chronicle EP, Mulleners WM. Cortical inhibition is reduced in chronic and episodic migraine and demonstrates a spectrum of illness. Headache 2005; 45: 546-52.
    • (2005) Headache , vol.45 , pp. 546-552
    • Aurora, S.1    Barrodale, P.2    Chronicle, E.P.3    Mulleners, W.M.4
  • 4
    • 0021846791 scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of epileptogenesis in photosensitive epilepsy implied by the effects of moving patterns
    • Binnie CD, Findlay J, Wilkins AJ. Mechanisms of epileptogenesis in photosensitive epilepsy implied by the effects of moving patterns. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1985; 61: 1-6.
    • (1985) Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol , vol.61 , pp. 1-6
    • Binnie, C.D.1    Findlay, J.2    Wilkins, A.J.3
  • 6
    • 0034636072 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduction of human visual cortex excitability using 1-Hz transcranial magnetic stimulation
    • Boroojerdi B, Prager A, Muellbacher W, Cohen LG. Reduction of human visual cortex excitability using 1-Hz transcranial magnetic stimulation. Neurology 2000b; 54: 1529-31.
    • (2000) Neurology , vol.54 , pp. 1529-1531
    • Boroojerdi, B.1    Prager, A.2    Muellbacher, W.3    Cohen, L.G.4
  • 7
    • 28444487479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of phosphene perception during saccadic eye movements: A transcranial magnetic stimulation study of the human visual cortex
    • Boulay C, Paus T. Modulation of phosphene perception during saccadic eye movements: a transcranial magnetic stimulation study of the human visual cortex. Exp Brain Res 2005; 167: 297-300.
    • (2005) Exp Brain Res , vol.167 , pp. 297-300
    • Boulay, C.1    Paus, T.2
  • 8
    • 0032879111 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Photosensitive epilepsy studied by functional magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance spectroscopy
    • Chiappa KH, Hill RA, Huang-Hellinger F, Jenkins BG. Photosensitive epilepsy studied by functional magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Epilepsia 1999; 40 (Suppl 4): 3-7.
    • (1999) Epilepsia , vol.40 , Issue.SUPPL. 4 , pp. 3-7
    • Chiappa, K.H.1    Hill, R.A.2    Huang-Hellinger, F.3    Jenkins, B.G.4
  • 9
    • 0033588398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Timing of activity in early visual cortex as revealed by transcranial magnetic stimulation
    • Corthout E, Uttl B, Walsh V, Hallett M, Cowey A. Timing of activity in early visual cortex as revealed by transcranial magnetic stimulation. Neuroreport 1999; 10: 2631-4.
    • (1999) Neuroreport , vol.10 , pp. 2631-2634
    • Corthout, E.1    Uttl, B.2    Walsh, V.3    Hallett, M.4    Cowey, A.5
  • 11
    • 0015898166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Doose H, Gerken H. On the genetics of EEG abnormalities in childhood, IV: photo-convulsive reaction. Neuropadiatrie 1973; 4: 162-71.
    • Doose H, Gerken H. On the genetics of EEG abnormalities in childhood, IV: photo-convulsive reaction. Neuropadiatrie 1973; 4: 162-71.
  • 12
    • 0034307942 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alteration of motor cortex excitability in response to intermittent photoc stimulation
    • Entezari-Taher M, Dean AC. Alteration of motor cortex excitability in response to intermittent photoc stimulation. Clin Neurophysiol 2000; 111: 1809-12.
    • (2000) Clin Neurophysiol , vol.111 , pp. 1809-1812
    • Entezari-Taher, M.1    Dean, A.C.2
  • 13
    • 21044443952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fierro B, Brighina F, Vitello G, Piazza A, Scalia S, Giglia G, Daniele O, Pascual-Leone A. Modulatory effects of low- and high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on visual cortex of healthy subjects undergoing light deprivation. J Physiol 2005; 565.2: 659-65.
    • Fierro B, Brighina F, Vitello G, Piazza A, Scalia S, Giglia G, Daniele O, Pascual-Leone A. Modulatory effects of low- and high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on visual cortex of healthy subjects undergoing light deprivation. J Physiol 2005; 565.2: 659-65.
  • 14
    • 26944468742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Photic- and pattern-induced seizures: A review for the Epilepsy Foundation of America Working Group
    • Fisher RS, Harding G, Erba G, Barkley GL, Wilkins A. Photic- and pattern-induced seizures: a review for the Epilepsy Foundation of America Working Group. Epilepsia 2005; 46: 1426-41.
    • (2005) Epilepsia , vol.46 , pp. 1426-1441
    • Fisher, R.S.1    Harding, G.2    Erba, G.3    Barkley, G.L.4    Wilkins, A.5
  • 15
    • 33645734232 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Visual cortex excitability in migraine evaluated by single and paired magnetic stimuli
    • Gerwig M, Niehaus L, Kastrup O, Stude P, Diener HC. Visual cortex excitability in migraine evaluated by single and paired magnetic stimuli. Headache 2005; 45: 1394-9.
    • (2005) Headache , vol.45 , pp. 1394-1399
    • Gerwig, M.1    Niehaus, L.2    Kastrup, O.3    Stude, P.4    Diener, H.C.5
  • 16
    • 0027958112 scopus 로고
    • Correlation of optotypes with the Landolt ring - a fresh look at the compartibility of optotypes
    • Grimm W, Rassow B, Wesemann W, Saur K, Hilz R. Correlation of optotypes with the Landolt ring - a fresh look at the compartibility of optotypes. Optom Vis Sci 1994; 71: 6-13.
    • (1994) Optom Vis Sci , vol.71 , pp. 6-13
    • Grimm, W.1    Rassow, B.2    Wesemann, W.3    Saur, K.4    Hilz, R.5
  • 17
    • 0346340046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epileptic syndroms and visually induced seizures
    • Guerrini R, Genton P.. Epileptic syndroms and visually induced seizures. Epilepsia 2004; 45 (Suppl 1): 14-8.
    • (2004) Epilepsia , vol.45 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 14-18
    • Guerrini, R.1    Genton, P.2
  • 18
    • 0031982796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induction of partial seizures by visual stimulation: Clinical and electroencephalographic features and evoked potentials studies
    • Guerrini R, Bonanni P, Parmeggiani L, Thomas P, Mattia D, Harvay AS, Duchowny MS. Induction of partial seizures by visual stimulation: clinical and electroencephalographic features and evoked potentials studies. Adv Neurol 1998; 75: 159-78.
    • (1998) Adv Neurol , vol.75 , pp. 159-178
    • Guerrini, R.1    Bonanni, P.2    Parmeggiani, L.3    Thomas, P.4    Mattia, D.5    Harvay, A.S.6    Duchowny, M.S.7
  • 19
    • 0032857304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Two visual mechanisms of photosensitivity
    • Harding GFA, Fylan F. Two visual mechanisms of photosensitivity. Epilepsia 1999; 40: 1446-51.
    • (1999) Epilepsia , vol.40 , pp. 1446-1451
    • Harding, G.F.A.1    Fylan, F.2
  • 20
    • 0032858490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Televised material and photosensitive epilepsy
    • Harding GFA, Harding PF. Televised material and photosensitive epilepsy. Epilepsia 1999; 40 (Suppl 4): 65-9.
    • (1999) Epilepsia , vol.40 , Issue.SUPPL. 4 , pp. 65-69
    • Harding, G.F.A.1    Harding, P.F.2
  • 21
    • 0018173478 scopus 로고
    • A controlled study on the effects of sodium valproate on photosensitive epilepsy and its prognosis
    • Harding GFA, Herrick CE, Jeavons PM. A controlled study on the effects of sodium valproate on photosensitive epilepsy and its prognosis. Epilepsia 1978; 19: 555-65.
    • (1978) Epilepsia , vol.19 , pp. 555-565
    • Harding, G.F.A.1    Herrick, C.E.2    Jeavons, P.M.3
  • 22
    • 0032856175 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Photosensitive and nonphotosensitive electronic screen game-induced seizures
    • Inoue Y, Fukao K, Araki T. Photosensitive and nonphotosensitive electronic screen game-induced seizures. Epilepsia 1999; 40 (Suppl 4): 8-16.
    • (1999) Epilepsia , vol.40 , Issue.SUPPL. 4 , pp. 8-16
    • Inoue, Y.1    Fukao, K.2    Araki, T.3
  • 23
    • 0008261708 scopus 로고
    • Photosensitive epilepsy: A review of the literature and a study of 460 patients
    • London: William Heineman Medical Books
    • Jeavons PM, Harding GF. Photosensitive epilepsy: a review of the literature and a study of 460 patients. Clinics in developmental medicine. No. 56. London: William Heineman Medical Books, 1975, pp. 1-121.
    • (1975) Clinics in developmental medicine , Issue.56 , pp. 1-121
    • Jeavons, P.M.1    Harding, G.F.2
  • 24
    • 0033363695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Manifestation of scotomas created by transcranial magnetic stimulation of visual cortex
    • Kamitani Y, Shimojo S. Manifestation of scotomas created by transcranial magnetic stimulation of visual cortex. Nat Neurosci 1999; 2: 767-71.
    • (1999) Nat Neurosci , vol.2 , pp. 767-771
    • Kamitani, Y.1    Shimojo, S.2
  • 25
    • 11244264035 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transcranial magnetic stimulation in the visual system I. The pychophysics of visual suppression
    • Kammer T, Puls K, Strasburger H, Hill J, Wichmann FA. Transcranial magnetic stimulation in the visual system I. The pychophysics of visual suppression. Exp Brain Res 2005a; 160: 118-28.
    • (2005) Exp Brain Res , vol.160 , pp. 118-128
    • Kammer, T.1    Puls, K.2    Strasburger, H.3    Hill, J.4    Wichmann, F.A.5
  • 26
    • 11244340633 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transcranial magnetic stimulation in the visual system II. Characterization of induced phosphenes and scotomas
    • Kammer T, Puls K, Erb M, Grodd W. Transcranial magnetic stimulation in the visual system II. Characterization of induced phosphenes and scotomas. Exp Brain Res 2005b; 160: 129-40.
    • (2005) Exp Brain Res , vol.160 , pp. 129-140
    • Kammer, T.1    Puls, K.2    Erb, M.3    Grodd, W.4
  • 28
    • 0024784336 scopus 로고
    • Photosensitivity in epilepsy: Electrophysiological and clinical correlates
    • Kasteleijn-Nolst Trenite DGA. Photosensitivity in epilepsy: electrophysiological and clinical correlates. Acta Neurol Scand Suppl 1989; 125: 3-149.
    • (1989) Acta Neurol Scand Suppl , vol.125 , pp. 3-149
    • Kasteleijn-Nolst Trenite, D.G.A.1
  • 31
    • 0041349380 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transcranial magnetic stimulation in neurology
    • Kobayashi M, Pascual-Leone A. Transcranial magnetic stimulation in neurology. Lancet Neurol 2003; 2: 145-56.
    • (2003) Lancet Neurol , vol.2 , pp. 145-156
    • Kobayashi, M.1    Pascual-Leone, A.2
  • 33
    • 0016530665 scopus 로고
    • The clinical significance of occipital spikes as a sole response to intermittent photic stimulation
    • Maheshwari MC, Jeavons PM. The clinical significance of occipital spikes as a sole response to intermittent photic stimulation. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1975; 39: 93-5.
    • (1975) Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol , vol.39 , pp. 93-95
    • Maheshwari, M.C.1    Jeavons, P.M.2
  • 34
    • 14844312092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolving concepts on the pathophysiology of absence seizures: The cortical focus theory
    • Meeren H, van Luijtelaar G, Lopes da Silva F, Coenen A. Evolving concepts on the pathophysiology of absence seizures: the cortical focus theory. Arch Neurol 2005; 62: 371-6.
    • (2005) Arch Neurol , vol.62 , pp. 371-376
    • Meeren, H.1    van Luijtelaar, G.2    Lopes da Silva, F.3    Coenen, A.4
  • 35
    • 0038586436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transcranial magnetic stimulation as an investigative tool in the study of visual function
    • Merabet LB, Theoret H, Pascual-Leone A. Transcranial magnetic stimulation as an investigative tool in the study of visual function. Optom Vis Sci 2003; 80: 356-68.
    • (2003) Optom Vis Sci , vol.80 , pp. 356-368
    • Merabet, L.B.1    Theoret, H.2    Pascual-Leone, A.3
  • 36
    • 0026267280 scopus 로고
    • Magnetic stimuli applied over motor and visual cortex: Influence of coil position and field polarity on motor responses, phosphenes, and eye movements
    • Meyer BU, Diehl R, Steinmetz H, Britton TC, Benecke R. Magnetic stimuli applied over motor and visual cortex: influence of coil position and field polarity on motor responses, phosphenes, and eye movements. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol Suppl 1991; 43: 121-34.
    • (1991) Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol Suppl , vol.43 , pp. 121-134
    • Meyer, B.U.1    Diehl, R.2    Steinmetz, H.3    Britton, T.C.4    Benecke, R.5
  • 37
    • 0029912741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transcranial magnetic stimulation: Delay in visual supression due to luminance changes
    • Miller MB, Fendrich R, Eliassen JC, Demirel S, Gazzaniga MS. Transcranial magnetic stimulation: delay in visual supression due to luminance changes. NeuroReport 1996; 7: 1740-4.
    • (1996) NeuroReport , vol.7 , pp. 1740-1744
    • Miller, M.B.1    Fendrich, R.2    Eliassen, J.C.3    Demirel, S.4    Gazzaniga, M.S.5
  • 38
    • 0347503513 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of transcranial magnetic stimulation on single-unit activity in the cat primary visual cortex
    • Moliadze V, Zhao Y, Eysel U, Funke K. Effect of transcranial magnetic stimulation on single-unit activity in the cat primary visual cortex. J Physiol 2003; 553: 665-79.
    • (2003) J Physiol , vol.553 , pp. 665-679
    • Moliadze, V.1    Zhao, Y.2    Eysel, U.3    Funke, K.4
  • 39
    • 0035936632 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Suppression of perception in migraine. Evidence for reduced inhibition in the visual cortex
    • Mulleners WM, Chronicle EP, Palmer JE, Koehler PJ, Vredeveld JW. Suppression of perception in migraine. Evidence for reduced inhibition in the visual cortex. Neurology 2001; 56: 178-83.
    • (2001) Neurology , vol.56 , pp. 178-183
    • Mulleners, W.M.1    Chronicle, E.P.2    Palmer, J.E.3    Koehler, P.J.4    Vredeveld, J.W.5
  • 40
    • 10744223285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Photoparoxysmal response in children: Their characteristics and clinical correlates
    • Nagarajan L, Kulkarni A, Palumbo-Clark L. Photoparoxysmal response in children: their characteristics and clinical correlates. Pediatr Neurol 2003; 29: 222-6.
    • (2003) Pediatr Neurol , vol.29 , pp. 222-226
    • Nagarajan, L.1    Kulkarni, A.2    Palumbo-Clark, L.3
  • 41
    • 1842455346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The cortical silent period: Intrinsic variaility and relation to the waveform of the transcranial magnetic stimulation pulse
    • Orth M, Rothwel JC. The cortical silent period: intrinsic variaility and relation to the waveform of the transcranial magnetic stimulation pulse. Clin Neurophysiol 2004; 115: 1076-82.
    • (2004) Clin Neurophysiol , vol.115 , pp. 1076-1082
    • Orth, M.1    Rothwel, J.C.2
  • 42
    • 0037406245 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gamma-band phase clustering and photosensitivity: Is there an underlying mechanism common to photosensitive epilepsy amd visual perception?
    • Parra J, Kalitzin SN, Iriarte J, Blanes W, Velis DN, Lopes da Silva FN. Gamma-band phase clustering and photosensitivity: is there an underlying mechanism common to photosensitive epilepsy amd visual perception? Brain 2003; 126: 1164-72.
    • (2003) Brain , vol.126 , pp. 1164-1172
    • Parra, J.1    Kalitzin, S.N.2    Iriarte, J.3    Blanes, W.4    Velis, D.N.5    Lopes da Silva, F.N.6
  • 43
    • 12344297397 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genome-wide linkage scan of epilepsy-related photoparoxysmal electroencephalographic response: Evidence for linkage on chromosomes 7q32 and 16p13
    • Pinto D, Westland B, de Haan GJ, Rudolf G, Martins da Silva B, Hirsch E, et al. Genome-wide linkage scan of epilepsy-related photoparoxysmal electroencephalographic response: evidence for linkage on chromosomes 7q32 and 16p13. Hum Mol Genet 2005; 14: 171-8.
    • (2005) Hum Mol Genet , vol.14 , pp. 171-178
    • Pinto, D.1    Westland, B.2    de Haan, G.J.3    Rudolf, G.4    Martins da Silva, B.5    Hirsch, E.6
  • 44
    • 0034049687 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lack of cortical contrast gain control in human photosensitive epilepsy
    • Porciatti V, Bonanni P, Fiorentini A, Guerrini R. Lack of cortical contrast gain control in human photosensitive epilepsy. Nat Neurosci 2000; 3: 259-63.
    • (2000) Nat Neurosci , vol.3 , pp. 259-263
    • Porciatti, V.1    Bonanni, P.2    Fiorentini, A.3    Guerrini, R.4
  • 46
    • 0030873488 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Techniques and mechanisms of action of transcranial stimulation of the human motor cortex
    • Rothwell JC. Techniques and mechanisms of action of transcranial stimulation of the human motor cortex. J Neurosci Methods 1997; 74: 113-22.
    • (1997) J Neurosci Methods , vol.74 , pp. 113-122
    • Rothwell, J.C.1
  • 47
    • 0031902317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Continuous intrathecal baclofen infusions induced a marked increase of the transcranially evoked silent period in a patient with generalized dystonia
    • Siebner HR, Dressnandt J, Auer C, Conrad B. Continuous intrathecal baclofen infusions induced a marked increase of the transcranially evoked silent period in a patient with generalized dystonia. Muscle Nerve 1998; 21: 1209-12.
    • (1998) Muscle Nerve , vol.21 , pp. 1209-1212
    • Siebner, H.R.1    Dressnandt, J.2    Auer, C.3    Conrad, B.4
  • 48
    • 19544365731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Investigation of the primary visual cortex using short-interval paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)
    • Sparing R, Dambeck N, Stock K, Meister IG, Huetter D, Boroojerdi B. Investigation of the primary visual cortex using short-interval paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). Neurosci Lett 2005; 383: 312-6.
    • (2005) Neurosci Lett , vol.383 , pp. 312-316
    • Sparing, R.1    Dambeck, N.2    Stock, K.3    Meister, I.G.4    Huetter, D.5    Boroojerdi, B.6
  • 49
    • 0037205178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Visual cortex excitability increases during visual mental imagery - a TMS study in healthy human subjects
    • Sparing M, Mottaghy FM, Ganis G, Thompson WL, Topper R, Kasslyn SM, et al. Visual cortex excitability increases during visual mental imagery - a TMS study in healthy human subjects. Brain Res 2002; 938: 92-7.
    • (2002) Brain Res , vol.938 , pp. 92-97
    • Sparing, M.1    Mottaghy, F.M.2    Ganis, G.3    Thompson, W.L.4    Topper, R.5    Kasslyn, S.M.6
  • 50
    • 20144365152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sleep, epilepsy and thalamic reticular inhibitory neurons
    • Steriade M. Sleep, epilepsy and thalamic reticular inhibitory neurons. Trends Neurosci 2005; 28: 317-24.
    • (2005) Trends Neurosci , vol.28 , pp. 317-324
    • Steriade, M.1
  • 51
    • 4344605207 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Motor cortical thresholds and cortical silent periods in epilepsy
    • Tataroglu C, Ozkiziltan S, Baklan B. Motor cortical thresholds and cortical silent periods in epilepsy. Seizure 2004; 13: 481-5.
    • (2004) Seizure , vol.13 , pp. 481-485
    • Tataroglu, C.1    Ozkiziltan, S.2    Baklan, B.3
  • 52
    • 20444384725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic dissection of photosensitivity and its relation to idiopathic generalized epilepsy
    • Tauer U, Lorenz S, Lenzen KP, Heils A, Muhle H, Gresch M, et al. Genetic dissection of photosensitivity and its relation to idiopathic generalized epilepsy. Ann Neurol 2005; 57: 866-73.
    • (2005) Ann Neurol , vol.57 , pp. 866-873
    • Tauer, U.1    Lorenz, S.2    Lenzen, K.P.3    Heils, A.4    Muhle, H.5    Gresch, M.6
  • 53
    • 0026523165 scopus 로고
    • EEG abnormalities in 5893 jet pilot applicants registered in a 20-year period
    • Trojaborg W. EEG abnormalities in 5893 jet pilot applicants registered in a 20-year period. Clin Electroencephalogr 1992; 23: 72-8.
    • (1992) Clin Electroencephalogr , vol.23 , pp. 72-78
    • Trojaborg, W.1
  • 55
    • 0033152605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential effects on motorcortical inhibition induced by blockade of GABA uptake in humans
    • Werhahn KJ, Kunesch E, Noachtar S, Benecke R, Classn J. Differential effects on motorcortical inhibition induced by blockade of GABA uptake in humans. J Physiol 1999; 517: 591-7.
    • (1999) J Physiol , vol.517 , pp. 591-597
    • Werhahn, K.J.1    Kunesch, E.2    Noachtar, S.3    Benecke, R.4    Classn, J.5
  • 56
    • 0018423957 scopus 로고
    • Neurophysiological aspects of pattern-sensitive epilepsy
    • Wilkins AJ, Darby CE, Binnie CD. Neurophysiological aspects of pattern-sensitive epilepsy. Brain 1979; 102: 1-25.
    • (1979) Brain , vol.102 , pp. 1-25
    • Wilkins, A.J.1    Darby, C.E.2    Binnie, C.D.3
  • 57
    • 3242714976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TMS and drugs
    • Ziemann U. TMS and drugs. Clin Neurophysiol 2004; 115: 1717-29.
    • (2004) Clin Neurophysiol , vol.115 , pp. 1717-1729
    • Ziemann, U.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.