메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 12, Issue 1, 2007, Pages 111-122

What role do coagulation disorders play in the pathogenesis of leptospirosis?

Author keywords

Coagulation; Fibrinolysis; Inflammation; Leptospirosis; Systematic review

Indexed keywords

ANTICOAGULANT AGENT; CYTOKINE; FIBRINOLYTIC AGENT; HYDROCORTISONE; METHYLPREDNISOLONE;

EID: 33845761387     PISSN: 13602276     EISSN: 13653156     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2006.01792.x     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (39)

References (87)
  • 1
    • 0029866673 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disseminated intravascular coagulation: Diagnosis and treatment
    • Baglin T (1996) Disseminated intravascular coagulation: diagnosis and treatment. BMJ 312, 683-687.
    • (1996) BMJ , vol.312 , pp. 683-687
    • Baglin, T.1
  • 2
    • 0024319914 scopus 로고
    • Tumor necrosis factor infusions have a procoagulant effect on the hemostatic mechanism of humans
    • Bauer KA, ten Cate H, Barzegar S et al. (1989) Tumor necrosis factor infusions have a procoagulant effect on the hemostatic mechanism of humans. Blood 74, 165-172.
    • (1989) Blood , vol.74 , pp. 165-172
    • Bauer, K.A.1    Ten Cate, H.2    Barzegar, S.3
  • 4
    • 0029041753 scopus 로고
    • Plasminogen activator and plasminogen activator inhibitor I release during experimental endotoxaemia in chimpanzees: Effect of interventions in the cytokine and coagulation cascades
    • Biemond BJ, Levi M, ten Cate H et al. (1995) Plasminogen activator and plasminogen activator inhibitor I release during experimental endotoxaemia in chimpanzees: effect of interventions in the cytokine and coagulation cascades. Clinical Science (London) 88, 587-594.
    • (1995) Clinical Science (London) , vol.88 , pp. 587-594
    • Biemond, B.J.1    Levi, M.2    Ten Cate, H.3
  • 5
    • 0030858202 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Apolipoprotein(a) attenuates endogenous fibrinolysis in the rabbit jugular vein thrombosis model in vivo
    • Biemond BJ, Friederich PW, Koschinsky ML et al. (1997) Apolipoprotein(a) attenuates endogenous fibrinolysis in the rabbit jugular vein thrombosis model in vivo. Circulation 96, 1612-1615.
    • (1997) Circulation , vol.96 , pp. 1612-1615
    • Biemond, B.J.1    Friederich, P.W.2    Koschinsky, M.L.3
  • 6
    • 0018619793 scopus 로고
    • Vascular damage in acute experimental leptospirosis of the guinea-pig
    • de Brito T, Bohm GM & Yasuda PH (1979) Vascular damage in acute experimental leptospirosis of the guinea-pig. Journal of Pathology 128, 177-182.
    • (1979) Journal of Pathology , vol.128 , pp. 177-182
    • De Brito, T.1    Bohm, G.M.2    Yasuda, P.H.3
  • 7
    • 0030070996 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cell biology of tissue factor, the principal initiator of blood coagulation
    • Camerer E, Kolsto AB & Prydz H (1996) Cell biology of tissue factor, the principal initiator of blood coagulation. Thrombosis Research 81, 1-41.
    • (1996) Thrombosis Research , vol.81 , pp. 1-41
    • Camerer, E.1    Kolsto, A.B.2    Prydz, H.3
  • 8
    • 0029945422 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leptospira interrogans and Leptospira peptidoglycans induce the release of tumor necrosis factor alpha from human monocytes
    • Cinco M, Vecile E, Murgia R, Dobrina P & Dobrina A (1996) Leptospira interrogans and Leptospira peptidoglycans induce the release of tumor necrosis factor alpha from human monocytes. FEMS Microbiology Letters 138, 211-214.
    • (1996) FEMS Microbiology Letters , vol.138 , pp. 211-214
    • Cinco, M.1    Vecile, E.2    Murgia, R.3    Dobrina, P.4    Dobrina, A.5
  • 9
    • 0027319678 scopus 로고
    • Tissue factor pathway inhibitor reduces mortality from Escherichia coli septic shock
    • Creasey AA, Chang AC, Feigen L et al. (1993) Tissue factor pathway inhibitor reduces mortality from Escherichia coli septic shock. Journal of Clinical Investigation 91, 2850-2860.
    • (1993) Journal of Clinical Investigation , vol.91 , pp. 2850-2860
    • Creasey, A.A.1    Chang, A.C.2    Feigen, L.3
  • 15
    • 0025647250 scopus 로고
    • Experimental endotoxemia in humans: Analysis of cytokine release and coagulation, fibrinolytic, and complement pathways
    • van Deventer SJ, Buller HR, ten Cate JW et al. (1990) Experimental endotoxemia in humans: analysis of cytokine release and coagulation, fibrinolytic, and complement pathways. Blood 76, 2520-2526.
    • (1990) Blood , vol.76 , pp. 2520-2526
    • Van Deventer, S.J.1    Buller, H.R.2    Ten Cate, J.W.3
  • 16
    • 0036128739 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peripheral blood mononuclear cell activation induced by Leptospira interrogans glycolipoprotein
    • Diament D, Brunialti MK, Romero EC, Kallas EG & Salomao R (2002) Peripheral blood mononuclear cell activation induced by Leptospira interrogans glycolipoprotein. Infection and Immunity 70, 1677-1683.
    • (2002) Infection and Immunity , vol.70 , pp. 1677-1683
    • Diament, D.1    Brunialti, M.K.2    Romero, E.C.3    Kallas, E.G.4    Salomao, R.5
  • 17
    • 0029130275 scopus 로고
    • Leptospira icterohemorrhagiae and leptospire peptidolgycans induce endothelial cell adhesiveness for polymorphonuclear leukocytes
    • Dobrina A, Nardon E, Vecile E, Cinco M & Patriarca P (1995) Leptospira icterohemorrhagiae and leptospire peptidolgycans induce endothelial cell adhesiveness for polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Infection and Immunity 63, 2995-2999.
    • (1995) Infection and Immunity , vol.63 , pp. 2995-2999
    • Dobrina, A.1    Nardon, E.2    Vecile, E.3    Cinco, M.4    Patriarca, P.5
  • 23
    • 0034662157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The in vivo kinetics of tissue factor messenger RNA expression during human endotoxemia: Relationship with activation of coagulation
    • Franco RF, de Jonge E, Dekkers PE et al. (2000) The in vivo kinetics of tissue factor messenger RNA expression during human endotoxemia: relationship with activation of coagulation. Blood 96, 554-559.
    • (2000) Blood , vol.96 , pp. 554-559
    • Franco, R.F.1    De Jonge, E.2    Dekkers, P.E.3
  • 24
    • 0029876674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disseminated intravascular coagulation is a frequent complication of systemic inflammatory response syndrome
    • Gando S, Kameue T, Nanzaki S & Nakanishi Y (1996) Disseminated intravascular coagulation is a frequent complication of systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Thrombosis and Haemostasis 75, 224-228.
    • (1996) Thrombosis and Haemostasis , vol.75 , pp. 224-228
    • Gando, S.1    Kameue, T.2    Nanzaki, S.3    Nakanishi, Y.4
  • 29
    • 0017727836 scopus 로고
    • The pathogenesis of leptospirosis: I. Hemorrhages in experimental leptospirosis in guinea pigs
    • Higgins R & Cousineau G (1977) The pathogenesis of leptospirosis: I. Hemorrhages in experimental leptospirosis in guinea pigs. Canadian Journal of Comparative Medicine 41, 174-181.
    • (1977) Canadian Journal of Comparative Medicine , vol.41 , pp. 174-181
    • Higgins, R.1    Cousineau, G.2
  • 32
    • 0020449607 scopus 로고
    • A case of Weil's disease requiring steroid therapy for thrombocytopenia and bleeding
    • Kahn JB (1982) A case of Weil's disease requiring steroid therapy for thrombocytopenia and bleeding. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 31, 1213-1215.
    • (1982) American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene , vol.31 , pp. 1213-1215
    • Kahn, J.B.1
  • 34
    • 0030974615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The suprapharmacologic dosing of antithrombin concentrate for Staphylococcus aureus-induced disseminated intravascular coagulation in guinea pigs: Substantial reduction in mortality and morbidity
    • Kessler CM, Tang Z, Jacobs HM & Szymanski LM (1997) The suprapharmacologic dosing of antithrombin concentrate for Staphylococcus aureus-induced disseminated intravascular coagulation in guinea pigs: substantial reduction in mortality and morbidity. Blood 89, 4393-4401.
    • (1997) Blood , vol.89 , pp. 4393-4401
    • Kessler, C.M.1    Tang, Z.2    Jacobs, H.M.3    Szymanski, L.M.4
  • 35
    • 1842600276 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Universal changes in biomarkers of coagulation and inflammation occur in patients with severe sepsis, regardless of causative micro-organism [ISRCTN74215569]
    • Kinasewitz GT, Yan SB, Basson B et al. (2004) Universal changes in biomarkers of coagulation and inflammation occur in patients with severe sepsis, regardless of causative micro-organism [ISRCTN74215569]. Critical Care 8, R82-R90.
    • (2004) Critical Care , vol.8
    • Kinasewitz, G.T.1    Yan, S.B.2    Basson, B.3
  • 36
    • 0041344367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leptospira interrogans activation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells: Preferential expansion of TCR gamma delta+ T cells vs TCR alpha beta+ T cells
    • Klimpel GR, Matthias MA & Vinetz JM (2003) Leptospira interrogans activation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells: preferential expansion of TCR gamma delta+ T cells vs TCR alpha beta+ T cells. Journal of Immunology 171, 1447-1455.
    • (2003) Journal of Immunology , vol.171 , pp. 1447-1455
    • Klimpel, G.R.1    Matthias, M.A.2    Vinetz, J.M.3
  • 37
    • 0033523415 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Urban epidemic of severe leptospirosis in Brazil
    • Salvador Leptospirosis Study Group
    • Ko AI, Galvao RM, Ribeiro Dourado CM, Johnson WD Jr & Riley LW (1999) Urban epidemic of severe leptospirosis in Brazil. Salvador Leptospirosis Study Group. Lancet 354, 820-825.
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.354 , pp. 820-825
    • Ko, A.I.1    Galvao, R.M.2    Ribeiro Dourado, C.M.3    Johnson Jr., W.D.4    Riley, L.W.5
  • 38
    • 0025011119 scopus 로고
    • Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) complicating leptospirosis: A previously undescribed association
    • Laing RW, Teh C & Toh CH (1990) Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) complicating leptospirosis: a previously undescribed association. Journal of Clinical Pathology 43, 961-962.
    • (1990) Journal of Clinical Pathology , vol.43 , pp. 961-962
    • Laing, R.W.1    Teh, C.2    Toh, C.H.3
  • 42
    • 1842478877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coagulation in sepsis: All bugs bite equally
    • Levi M & van der Poll T (2004) Coagulation in sepsis: all bugs bite equally. Critical Care 8, 99-100.
    • (2004) Critical Care , vol.8 , pp. 99-100
    • Levi, M.1    Van Der Poll, T.2
  • 43
    • 0028006127 scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of endotoxin-induced activation of coagulation and fibrinolysis by pentoxifylline or by a monoclonal anti-tissue factor antibody in chimpanzees
    • Levi M, ten Cate H, Bauer KA et al. (1994) Inhibition of endotoxin-induced activation of coagulation and fibrinolysis by pentoxifylline or by a monoclonal anti-tissue factor antibody in chimpanzees. Journal of Clinical Investigation 93, 114-120.
    • (1994) Journal of Clinical Investigation , vol.93 , pp. 114-120
    • Levi, M.1    Ten Cate, H.2    Bauer, K.A.3
  • 44
    • 0036255897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endothelium: Interface between coagulation and inflammation
    • Levi M, ten Cate H & Van der PT (2002) Endothelium: interface between coagulation and inflammation. Critical Care Medicine 30, S220-S224.
    • (2002) Critical Care Medicine , vol.30
    • Levi, M.1    Ten Cate, H.2    Van Der, P.T.3
  • 46
    • 2942545798 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bidirectional relation between inflammation and coagulation
    • Levi M, van der Poll T & Buller HR (2004b) Bidirectional relation between inflammation and coagulation. Circulation 109, 2698-2704.
    • (2004) Circulation , vol.109 , pp. 2698-2704
    • Levi, M.1    Van Der Poll, T.2    Buller, H.R.3
  • 49
    • 0024433923 scopus 로고
    • Impaired catalytic function of activated protein C: A new in vitro manifestation of lupus anticoagulant
    • Marciniak E & Romond EH (1989) Impaired catalytic function of activated protein C: a new in vitro manifestation of lupus anticoagulant. Blood 74, 2426-2432.
    • (1989) Blood , vol.74 , pp. 2426-2432
    • Marciniak, E.1    Romond, E.H.2
  • 51
    • 0029743427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factor VIIa and antithrombin III activity during severe sepsis and septic shock in neutropenic patients
    • Mesters RM, Mannucci PM, Coppola R et al. (1996) Factor VIIa and antithrombin III activity during severe sepsis and septic shock in neutropenic patients. Blood 88, 881-886.
    • (1996) Blood , vol.88 , pp. 881-886
    • Mesters, R.M.1    Mannucci, P.M.2    Coppola, R.3
  • 52
    • 0020676252 scopus 로고
    • In vitro effect of Leptospira icterohaemorrhagiae on human mononuclear leukocytes procoagulant activity: Comparison of virulent with nonvirulent strain
    • Miragliotta G & Fumarola D (1983) In vitro effect of Leptospira icterohaemorrhagiae on human mononuclear leukocytes procoagulant activity: comparison of virulent with nonvirulent strain. Canadian Journal of Comparative Medicine 47, 70-72.
    • (1983) Canadian Journal of Comparative Medicine , vol.47 , pp. 70-72
    • Miragliotta, G.1    Fumarola, D.2
  • 53
    • 0031035237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sepsis-associated cholestasis
    • Moseley RH (1997) Sepsis-associated cholestasis. Gastroenterology 112, 302-306.
    • (1997) Gastroenterology , vol.112 , pp. 302-306
    • Moseley, R.H.1
  • 54
    • 1242271308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alveolar septal deposition of immunoglobulin and complement parallels pulmonary hemorrhage in a guinea pig model of severe pulmonary leptospirosis
    • Nally JE, Chantranuwat C, Wu XY et al. (2004) Alveolar septal deposition of immunoglobulin and complement parallels pulmonary hemorrhage in a guinea pig model of severe pulmonary leptospirosis. American Journal of Pathology 164, 1115-1127.
    • (2004) American Journal of Pathology , vol.164 , pp. 1115-1127
    • Nally, J.E.1    Chantranuwat, C.2    Wu, X.Y.3
  • 55
    • 12144288984 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative genomics of two Leptospira interrogans serovars reveals novel insights into physiology and pathogenesis
    • Nascimento AL, Ko AI, Martins EA et al. (2004) Comparative genomics of two Leptospira interrogans serovars reveals novel insights into physiology and pathogenesis. Journal of Bacteriology 186, 2164-2172.
    • (2004) Journal of Bacteriology , vol.186 , pp. 2164-2172
    • Nascimento, A.L.1    Ko, A.I.2    Martins, E.A.3
  • 56
    • 0020136021 scopus 로고
    • Hemostatic changes in dogs with experimental Leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae infection
    • Navarro CE & Kociba GJ (1982) Hemostatic changes in dogs with experimental Leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae infection. American Journal of Veterinary Research 43, 904-906.
    • (1982) American Journal of Veterinary Research , vol.43 , pp. 904-906
    • Navarro, C.E.1    Kociba, G.J.2
  • 58
    • 0030899881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lung lesions in human leptospirosis: Microscopic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural features related to thrombocytopenia
    • Nicodemo AC, Duarte MI, Alves VA et al. (1997) Lung lesions in human leptospirosis: microscopic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural features related to thrombocytopenia. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 56, 181-187.
    • (1997) American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene , vol.56 , pp. 181-187
    • Nicodemo, A.C.1    Duarte, M.I.2    Alves, V.A.3
  • 60
    • 0020658537 scopus 로고
    • Increased tissue thromboplastin activity in monocytes of patients with meningococcal infection: Related to an unfavourable prognosis
    • Osterud B & Flaegstad T (1983) Increased tissue thromboplastin activity in monocytes of patients with meningococcal infection: related to an unfavourable prognosis. Thrombosis and Haemostasis 49, 5-7.
    • (1983) Thrombosis and Haemostasis , vol.49 , pp. 5-7
    • Osterud, B.1    Flaegstad, T.2
  • 62
    • 17644368584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimental leptospirosis in marmoset monkeys (Callithrix jacchus): A new model for studies of severe pulmonary leptospirosis
    • Pereira MM, Da Silva JJ, Pinto MA et al. (2005) Experimental leptospirosis in marmoset monkeys (Callithrix jacchus): a new model for studies of severe pulmonary leptospirosis. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 72, 13-20.
    • (2005) American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene , vol.72 , pp. 13-20
    • Pereira, M.M.1    Da Silva, J.J.2    Pinto, M.A.3
  • 64
    • 0025303041 scopus 로고
    • Activation of coagulation after administration of tumor necrosis factor to normal subjects
    • van der Poll T, Buller HR, ten Cate H et al. (1990) Activation of coagulation after administration of tumor necrosis factor to normal subjects. New England Journal of Medicine 322, 1622-1627.
    • (1990) New England Journal of Medicine , vol.322 , pp. 1622-1627
    • Van Der Poll, T.1    Buller, H.R.2    Ten Cate, H.3
  • 66
    • 0037464546 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unique physiological and pathogenic features of Leptospira interrogans revealed by whole-genome sequencing
    • Ren SX, Fu G, Jiang XG et al. (2003) Unique physiological and pathogenic features of Leptospira interrogans revealed by whole-genome sequencing. Nature 422, 888-893.
    • (2003) Nature , vol.422 , pp. 888-893
    • Ren, S.X.1    Fu, G.2    Jiang, X.G.3
  • 68
    • 0345411404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increase of leptospirosis in dengue-negative patients after a hurricane in Puerto Rico in 1996
    • [correction of 1966]
    • Sanders EJ, Rigau-Perez JG, Smits HL et al. (1999) Increase of leptospirosis in dengue-negative patients after a hurricane in Puerto Rico in 1996 [correction of 1966]. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 61, 399-404.
    • (1999) American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene , vol.61 , pp. 399-404
    • Sanders, E.J.1    Rigau-Perez, J.G.2    Smits, H.L.3
  • 69
    • 0025284853 scopus 로고
    • Acute renal failure of leptospirosis: Nonoliguric and hypokalemic forms
    • Seguro AC, Lomar AV & Rocha AS (1990) Acute renal failure of leptospirosis: nonoliguric and hypokalemic forms. Nephron 55, 146-151.
    • (1990) Nephron , vol.55 , pp. 146-151
    • Seguro, A.C.1    Lomar, A.V.2    Rocha, A.S.3
  • 72
  • 73
    • 19244362162 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha with severity of disease and mortality among patients with leptospirosis
    • Tajiki H & Salomao R (1996) Association of plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha with severity of disease and mortality among patients with leptospirosis. Clinical Infectious Diseases 23, 1177-1178.
    • (1996) Clinical Infectious Diseases , vol.23 , pp. 1177-1178
    • Tajiki, H.1    Salomao, R.2
  • 74
    • 0036212788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fatal intracerebral hemorrhage due to leptospirosis
    • Theilen HJ, Luck C, Hanisch U & Ragaller M (2002) Fatal intracerebral hemorrhage due to leptospirosis. Infection 30, 109-112.
    • (2002) Infection , vol.30 , pp. 109-112
    • Theilen, H.J.1    Luck, C.2    Hanisch, U.3    Ragaller, M.4
  • 76
    • 0031725120 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemic leptospirosis associated with pulmonary hemorrhage-Nicaragua, 1995
    • Trevejo RT, Rigau-Perez JG, Ashford DA et al. (1998) Epidemic leptospirosis associated with pulmonary hemorrhage-Nicaragua, 1995. Journal of Infectious Diseases 178, 1457-1463.
    • (1998) Journal of Infectious Diseases , vol.178 , pp. 1457-1463
    • Trevejo, R.T.1    Rigau-Perez, J.G.2    Ashford, D.A.3
  • 77
    • 1842834283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thrombocytopenia complicating the clinical course of leptospiral infection
    • Turgut M, Sunbul M, Bayirli D et al. (2002) Thrombocytopenia complicating the clinical course of leptospiral infection. Journal of International Medical Research 30, 535-540.
    • (2002) Journal of International Medical Research , vol.30 , pp. 535-540
    • Turgut, M.1    Sunbul, M.2    Bayirli, D.3
  • 79
    • 31844440188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toll-like receptor 4 protects against lethal Leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae infection and contributes to in vivo control of leptospiral burden
    • Viriyakosol S, Matthias MA, Swancutt MA, Kirkland TN & Vinetz JM (2006) Toll-like receptor 4 protects against lethal Leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae infection and contributes to in vivo control of leptospiral burden. Infection and Immunity 74, 887-895.
    • (2006) Infection and Immunity , vol.74 , pp. 887-895
    • Viriyakosol, S.1    Matthias, M.A.2    Swancutt, M.A.3    Kirkland, T.N.4    Vinetz, J.M.5
  • 80
    • 10344260639 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leptospirosis with pulmonary hemorrhage, caused by a new strain of serovar Lai: Langkawi
    • Wagenaar JF, de Vries PJ & Hartskeerl RA (2004) Leptospirosis with pulmonary hemorrhage, caused by a new strain of serovar Lai: Langkawi. Jornal of Travel Medicine 11, 379-381.
    • (2004) Jornal of Travel Medicine , vol.11 , pp. 379-381
    • Wagenaar, J.F.1    De Vries, P.J.2    Hartskeerl, R.A.3
  • 81
    • 0023835924 scopus 로고
    • Placebo-controlled trial of intravenous penicillin for severe and late leptospirosis
    • Watt G, Padre LP, Tuazon ML et al. (1988) Placebo-controlled trial of intravenous penicillin for severe and late leptospirosis. Lancet 1, 433-435.
    • (1988) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 433-435
    • Watt, G.1    Padre, L.P.2    Tuazon, M.L.3
  • 82
    • 0001575334 scopus 로고
    • Ueber eine eigenthumliche, mit milztumor, icterus und nephritis einhergehende, acute infectionskrankheit
    • Weil A (1886) Ueber eine eigenthumliche, mit milztumor, icterus und nephritis einhergehende, acute infectionskrankheit. Deutsches Archiv fr klinische Medizin 39, 209.
    • (1886) Deutsches Archiv Fr Klinische Medizin , vol.39 , pp. 209
    • Weil, A.1
  • 83
    • 5944225473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leptospiral lipopolysaccharide activates cells through a TLR2-dependent mechanism
    • Werts C, Tapping RI, Mathison JC et al. (2001) Leptospiral lipopolysaccharide activates cells through a TLR2-dependent mechanism. Nature Immunology 2, 346-352.
    • (2001) Nature Immunology , vol.2 , pp. 346-352
    • Werts, C.1    Tapping, R.I.2    Mathison, J.C.3
  • 84
    • 33645797813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thrombocytopenia in the experimental leptospirosis of guinea pig is not related to disseminated intravascular coagulation
    • Yang HL, Jiang XC, Zhang XY et al. (2006) Thrombocytopenia in the experimental leptospirosis of guinea pig is not related to disseminated intravascular coagulation. BMC Infectious Diseases 6, 19.
    • (2006) BMC Infectious Diseases , vol.6 , pp. 19
    • Yang, H.L.1    Jiang, X.C.2    Zhang, X.Y.3
  • 86
    • 13344285364 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leptospirosis associated with outbreak of acute febrile illness and pulmonary haemorrhage, Nicaragua, 1995
    • The Epidemic Working Group at Ministry of Health in Nicaragua
    • Zaki SR & Shieh WJ (1996) Leptospirosis associated with outbreak of acute febrile illness and pulmonary haemorrhage, Nicaragua, 1995. The Epidemic Working Group at Ministry of Health in Nicaragua. Lancet 347, 535-536.
    • (1996) Lancet , vol.347 , pp. 535-536
    • Zaki, S.R.1    Shieh, W.J.2
  • 87
    • 0036250816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The platelet-activating factor signaling system and its regulators in syndromes of inflammation and thrombosis
    • Zimmerman GA, McIntyre TM, Prescott SM & Stafforini DM (2002) The platelet-activating factor signaling system and its regulators in syndromes of inflammation and thrombosis. Critical Care Medicine 30, S294-S301.
    • (2002) Critical Care Medicine , vol.30
    • Zimmerman, G.A.1    McIntyre, T.M.2    Prescott, S.M.3    Stafforini, D.M.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.