메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn , Issue 927, 2006, Pages 1-48

The potential for bioaccumulation, bioconcentration, and biomagnification of selected metals in an aquatic food chain: A literature review

Author keywords

Aluminum; Arsenic; Bald eagle; Benthic invertebrates; Chinook salmon; Copper; Haliaeetus leucocephalus; Iron; Lead; Magnesium; Mercury; Northern pikeminnow; Northern squawfish; Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; Ptychocheilus oregonensis

Indexed keywords

BENTHIC INVERTEBRATES; BIOACCUMULATION; BIOCONCENTRATION; BIOMAGNIFICATION;

EID: 33845627792     PISSN: 08860882     EISSN: None     Source Type: Trade Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (2)

References (270)
  • 1
    • 0032127398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accumulation of lead and its effects on Na balance in the freshwater crayfish Cherax destructor
    • Ahern, M. D. and Morris, S. 1998. Accumulation of lead and its effects on Na balance in the freshwater crayfish Cherax destructor. Journal of Experimental Zoology 281:270-279.
    • (1998) Journal of Experimental Zoology , vol.281 , pp. 270-279
    • Ahern, M.D.1    Morris, S.2
  • 2
    • 0024474729 scopus 로고
    • Mercury in crayfish species from thirteen Ontario lakes in relation to water chemistry and smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieui) Mercury
    • Allard, M. and Stokes, P.M. 1989. Mercury in crayfish species from thirteen Ontario lakes in relation to water chemistry and smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieui) Mercury. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 46:1040-1046.
    • (1989) Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , vol.46 , pp. 1040-1046
    • Allard, M.1    Stokes, P.M.2
  • 4
    • 0029859769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of metal/acid-volatile sulfide relationships in the prediction of metal bioaccumulation by benthic macroinvertebrates
    • Ankley, G.T. 1996. Evaluation of metal/acid-volatile sulfide relationships in the prediction of metal bioaccumulation by benthic macroinvertebrates. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 15:2138-2146.
    • (1996) Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry , vol.15 , pp. 2138-2146
    • Ankley, G.T.1
  • 5
    • 0033768031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bioaccumulation of chromium, copper and iron in the organs and tissues of Clarias gariepinus in the Olifants River, Kruger National Park
    • Aveant-Oldewage, A. and Marx, H.M. 2000. Bioaccumulation of chromium, copper and iron in the organs and tissues of Clarias gariepinus in the Olifants River, Kruger National Park. Water SA 26:569-582.
    • (2000) Water SA , vol.26 , pp. 569-582
    • Aveant-Oldewage, A.1    Marx, H.M.2
  • 6
    • 0036766077 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Watershed influences on the transport, fate and bioavailability of mercury in Lake Superior: Field measurements and modeling approaches
    • Back, R.C., Hurley, J.P., and Rolfhus, K.R. 2002. Watershed influences on the transport, fate and bioavailability of mercury in Lake Superior: Field measurements and modeling approaches. Lakes and Reservoirs: Research and Management 7:201-206.
    • (2002) Lakes and Reservoirs: Research and Management , vol.7 , pp. 201-206
    • Back, R.C.1    Hurley, J.P.2    Rolfhus, K.R.3
  • 7
    • 0028990597 scopus 로고
    • Mercury in zooplankton of northern Wisconsin lakes: Taxonomic and site-specific trends
    • Back, R.C. and Watras, C.J. 1995. Mercury in zooplankton of northern Wisconsin lakes: Taxonomic and site-specific trends. Water, Soil, and Air Pollution 80:931-938.
    • (1995) Water, Soil, and Air Pollution , vol.80 , pp. 931-938
    • Back, R.C.1    Watras, C.J.2
  • 8
    • 0000761160 scopus 로고
    • Histological and microscopical observations of copper poisoning in the winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus)
    • Baker, J.T.P. 1969. Histological and microscopical observations of copper poisoning in the winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus). Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 26:2785-2793.
    • (1969) Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada , vol.26 , pp. 2785-2793
    • Baker, J.T.P.1
  • 9
    • 0028990555 scopus 로고
    • Distribution of mercury in the aquatic food web of Onondaga Lake, New York
    • Becker, D.S. and Bigham, G.N. 1995. Distribution of mercury in the aquatic food web of Onondaga Lake, New York. Water, Soil, and Air Pollution 80:563-571.
    • (1995) Water, Soil, and Air Pollution , vol.80 , pp. 563-571
    • Becker, D.S.1    Bigham, G.N.2
  • 10
    • 0024248739 scopus 로고
    • Copper intoxication in Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tschawytscha) induced by natural springwater: Effects on gill Na+, K+-ATPase, hematocrit, and plasma glucose
    • Beckman, B.R. and Zaugg, W.S. 1988. Copper intoxication in Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tschawytscha) induced by natural springwater: Effects on gill Na+, K+-ATPase, hematocrit, and plasma glucose. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 45:1430-1435.
    • (1988) Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , vol.45 , pp. 1430-1435
    • Beckman, B.R.1    Zaugg, W.S.2
  • 11
    • 0002361776 scopus 로고
    • Methylation of mercury in natural waters
    • ed. J. O. Nriagu, . New York: Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical Press
    • Beijer, K. and Jemelov, A. 1979. Methylation of mercury in natural waters. In The biogeochemistry of mercury in the environment, ed. J. O. Nriagu, 201-210. New York: Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical Press.
    • (1979) The Biogeochemistry of Mercury in the Environment , pp. 201-210
    • Beijer, K.1    Jemelov, A.2
  • 12
    • 0033082031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Benthic invertebrate metals exposure, accumulation, and community-level effects downstream from a hard-rock mine site
    • Beltman, D.J., Clements, W.H., Lipton, J. and Caela, D. 1999. Benthic invertebrate metals exposure, accumulation, and community-level effects downstream from a hard-rock mine site. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 18:299-307.
    • (1999) Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry , vol.18 , pp. 299-307
    • Beltman, D.J.1    Clements, W.H.2    Lipton, J.3    Caela, D.4
  • 14
    • 0025871835 scopus 로고
    • Metal concentrations in chironomid larvae in relation to the geochemical characteristics of surficial sediments
    • Bendell-Young, L.I. and Harvey, H.H. 1992. Metal concentrations in chironomid larvae in relation to the geochemical characteristics of surficial sediments. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 21:202-211.
    • (1992) Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology , vol.21 , pp. 202-211
    • Bendell-Young, L.I.1    Harvey, H.H.2
  • 15
    • 0021890555 scopus 로고
    • Migration and speciation of lead in a river system heavily polluted from a smelter
    • Benes, P., Cejchanova, M., and Havlik, B. 1985. Migration and speciation of lead in a river system heavily polluted from a smelter. Water Research 19:1-6.
    • (1985) Water Research , vol.19 , pp. 1-6
    • Benes, P.1    Cejchanova, M.2    Havlik, B.3
  • 17
    • 1642579651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Caged midge larvae (Chironomus riparius) for the assessment of metal bioaccumulation from sediments in situ
    • Bervoets, L., Meregalli, G., DeCooman, W., Goddeeris, B., and Blust, R. 2004. Caged midge larvae (Chironomus riparius) for the assessment of metal bioaccumulation from sediments in situ. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 23:443-454.
    • (2004) Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry , vol.23 , pp. 443-454
    • Bervoets, L.1    Meregalli, G.2    DeCooman, W.3    Goddeeris, B.4    Blust, R.5
  • 18
    • 0035574096 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bioavailability of metals in stream food webs and hazards to brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) in the upper Animas River watershed, Colorado
    • Besser, J.M., Brumbaugh, W.G., May, T.W., Church, S.E., and Kimball, B.A. 2001. Bioavailability of metals in stream food webs and hazards to brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) in the upper Animas River watershed, Colorado. Archives of Environmental Contaminants and Toxicology 40:48-49.
    • (2001) Archives of Environmental Contaminants and Toxicology , vol.40 , pp. 48-49
    • Besser, J.M.1    Brumbaugh, W.G.2    May, T.W.3    Church, S.E.4    Kimball, B.A.5
  • 19
    • 0001258821 scopus 로고
    • Availability and ingestion of lead shot by Mourning Doves (Zenaida macroura) in southeastern New Mexico
    • Best, T.L., Garrison, T.E., and Schmitt, C.G. 1992. Availability and ingestion of lead shot by Mourning Doves (Zenaida macroura) in southeastern New Mexico. Southwestern Naturalist 37:287-292.
    • (1992) Southwestern Naturalist , vol.37 , pp. 287-292
    • Best, T.L.1    Garrison, T.E.2    Schmitt, C.G.3
  • 20
    • 0026143031 scopus 로고
    • Impact of acidification on the methylmercury cycle of remote seepage lakes
    • Bloom, N.S., Watras, C.J., and Hurley, J.P. 1991. Impact of acidification on the methylmercury cycle of remote seepage lakes. Water, Air and Soil Pollution 56:477-491.
    • (1991) Water, Air and Soil Pollution , vol.56 , pp. 477-491
    • Bloom, N.S.1    Watras, C.J.2    Hurley, J.P.3
  • 21
    • 0000194078 scopus 로고
    • On the chemical form of mercury in edible fish and marine invertebrate tissue
    • Bloom, N.S. 1992. On the chemical form of mercury in edible fish and marine invertebrate tissue. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 49:1010-1017.
    • (1992) Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , vol.49 , pp. 1010-1017
    • Bloom, N.S.1
  • 22
    • 0004275857 scopus 로고
    • Boggess, W.R. (ed.). National Science Foundation Rep.NSF/RA-770214
    • Boggess, W.R. (ed.). 1977. Lead in the environment. National Science Foundation Rep.NSF/RA-770214.
    • (1977) Lead in the Environment
  • 23
    • 0030829065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toxicity and accumulation of zinc and copper in Hyalella azteca exposed to metal-spiked sediments
    • Borgmann, U. and Norwood, W.P. 1997. Toxicity and accumulation of zinc and copper in Hyalella azteca exposed to metal-spiked sediments. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 54:1046-1054.
    • (1997) Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , vol.54 , pp. 1046-1054
    • Borgmann, U.1    Norwood, W.P.2
  • 26
    • 0000609570 scopus 로고
    • Relationship between cytoplasmic distribution of mercury and toxic effects of zooplankton and chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) exposed to mercury in a controlled ecosystem
    • Brown, D.A. and Parsons T.R. 1978. Relationship between cytoplasmic distribution of mercury and toxic effects of zooplankton and chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) exposed to mercury in a controlled ecosystem. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 35:880-884.
    • (1978) Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada , vol.35 , pp. 880-884
    • Brown, D.A.1    Parsons, T.R.2
  • 27
    • 0016114127 scopus 로고
    • Aspects of water quality and toxicity of copper to rainbow trout
    • Brown, V.M., Shaw, T.L., and Shurben, D.G. 1974. Aspects of water quality and toxicity of copper to rainbow trout. Water Research 8:797-803.
    • (1974) Water Research , vol.8 , pp. 797-803
    • Brown, V.M.1    Shaw, T.L.2    Shurben, D.G.3
  • 28
    • 12344284737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differences in dissolved cadmium and zinc uptake among stream insects: Mechanistic explanations
    • Buchwalter, D.B. and Luoma, S.N. 2005. Differences in dissolved cadmium and zinc uptake among stream insects: mechanistic explanations. Environmental Science and Technology 39:498-504.
    • (2005) Environmental Science and Technology , vol.39 , pp. 498-504
    • Buchwalter, D.B.1    Luoma, S.N.2
  • 30
    • 0007821458 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus)
    • ed. A. Poole and F. Gill, . Philadelphia, PA: The Academy of Natural Sciences; Washington, DC: The American Ornithologists' Union
    • Buehler, D.A. 2000. Bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus). In The birds of North America, ed. A. Poole and F. Gill, No. 506. Philadelphia, PA: The Academy of Natural Sciences; Washington, DC: The American Ornithologists' Union.
    • (2000) The Birds of North America , vol.506
    • Buehler, D.A.1
  • 31
    • 0012766082 scopus 로고
    • Mercury in aquatic systems from the Pacific Northwest
    • ed. D.R. Buhler. Corvallis, OR: Continuing Education Publications
    • Buhler, D.R., Claeys, R.R. and Shanks, W.E. 1973. Mercury in aquatic systems from the Pacific Northwest. In Mercury in the western environment, ed. D.R. Buhler, 59-75. Corvallis, OR: Continuing Education Publications.
    • (1973) Mercury in the Western Environment , pp. 59-75
    • Buhler, D.R.1    Claeys, R.R.2    Shanks, W.E.3
  • 33
    • 31244431852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Linking metal bioaccumulation of aquatic insects to their distribution patterns in a mining-impacted river
    • Cain, D.J., Luoma, S.N., and Wallace, W.J. 2004. Linking metal bioaccumulation of aquatic insects to their distribution patterns in a mining-impacted river. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 23:1463-1473.
    • (2004) Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry , vol.23 , pp. 1463-1473
    • Cain, D.J.1    Luoma, S.N.2    Wallace, W.J.3
  • 34
    • 0018832021 scopus 로고
    • Influence of water hardness on cadmium toxicity to Salmo gairdneri Richardson
    • Calamari, D., Marchetti, R., and Vailatie, G. 1980. Influence of water hardness on cadmium toxicity to Salmo gairdneri Richardson. Water Research 14:1421-1426.
    • (1980) Water Research , vol.14 , pp. 1421-1426
    • Calamari, D.1    Marchetti, R.2    Vailatie, G.3
  • 35
    • 0022765054 scopus 로고
    • Microbial methylation of mercury in upper Wisconsin River sediments
    • Callister, S.M. and Winfrey, M.R. 1986. Microbial methylation of mercury in upper Wisconsin River sediments. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 29:453-465.
    • (1986) Water, Air, and Soil Pollution , vol.29 , pp. 453-465
    • Callister, S.M.1    Winfrey, M.R.2
  • 37
    • 0004257141 scopus 로고
    • Boston, MA: Houghton-Mifflin
    • Carson, R. 1962. Silent spring. Boston, MA: Houghton-Mifflin.
    • (1962) Silent Spring
    • Carson, R.1
  • 38
    • 0034665649 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bioaccumulation and diminution of arsenic and lead in a freshwater food web
    • Chen, C.Y. and Folt, C.L. 2000. Bioaccumulation and diminution of arsenic and lead in a freshwater food web. Environmental Science and Technology 34:3878-3884.
    • (2000) Environmental Science and Technology , vol.34 , pp. 3878-3884
    • Chen, C.Y.1    Folt, C.L.2
  • 39
    • 11244339771 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High plankton densities reduce mercury biomagnification
    • Chen, C.Y. and Folt, C.L. 2005. High plankton densities reduce mercury biomagnification. Environmental Science and Technology 39:115-121.
    • (2005) Environmental Science and Technology , vol.39 , pp. 115-121
    • Chen, C.Y.1    Folt, C.L.2
  • 41
    • 0141559358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bioturbation effects on cadmium and zinc transfers from a contaminated sediment and on metal bioavailability to benthic bivalves
    • Ciutat, A. and Boudou, A. 2003. Bioturbation effects on cadmium and zinc transfers from a contaminated sediment and on metal bioavailability to benthic bivalves. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 22:1574-1581.
    • (2003) Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry , vol.22 , pp. 1574-1581
    • Ciutat, A.1    Boudou, A.2
  • 42
    • 0033179427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metal tolerance and predator-prey interactions in benthic macroinvertebrate stream communities
    • Clements, W.H. 1999. Metal tolerance and predator-prey interactions in benthic macroinvertebrate stream communities. Ecological Applications 9:1073-1084.
    • (1999) Ecological Applications , vol.9 , pp. 1073-1084
    • Clements, W.H.1
  • 44
    • 0027084877 scopus 로고
    • Assessment of the impact of heavy metals on benthic communities in the Cinch River (Virginia): Evaluation of an index of community sensitivity
    • Clements, W.H., Cherry, D.S., and Van Hassel, J.H. 1992. Assessment of the impact of heavy metals on benthic communities in the Cinch River (Virginia): Evaluation of an index of community sensitivity. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 49:1686-1694.
    • (1992) Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , vol.49 , pp. 1686-1694
    • Clements, W.H.1    Cherry, D.S.2    Van Hassel, J.H.3
  • 45
    • 0021712947 scopus 로고
    • Methylation and demethylation of mercury under controlled redox, pH, and salinity conditions
    • Compeau, G. and Bartha, R. 1984. Methylation and demethylation of mercury under controlled redox, pH, and salinity conditions. Applied and Environment Microbiology 48:1202-1207.
    • (1984) Applied and Environment Microbiology , vol.48 , pp. 1202-1207
    • Compeau, G.1    Bartha, R.2
  • 46
    • 0042816278 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Zooplankton metacommunity structure: Regional vs. local processes in highly interconnected ponds
    • Cottenie, K., Michels, E., Nuytten, N., and De Meester, L. 2003. Zooplankton metacommunity structure: Regional vs. local processes in highly interconnected ponds. Ecology 84:991-1000.
    • (2003) Ecology , vol.84 , pp. 991-1000
    • Cottenie, K.1    Michels, E.2    Nuytten, N.3    De Meester, L.4
  • 47
    • 0036712092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing the influence of water and substratum quality on benthic macroinvertebrate communities in a metal-polluted stream: An experimental approach
    • Courtney, L.A. and Clements, W.H. 2002. Assessing the influence of water and substratum quality on benthic macroinvertebrate communities in a metal-polluted stream: An experimental approach. Freshwater Biology 47:1766-1778.
    • (2002) Freshwater Biology , vol.47 , pp. 1766-1778
    • Courtney, L.A.1    Clements, W.H.2
  • 48
    • 0020399714 scopus 로고
    • Effect of artificial destratification on iron, manganese, and zinc in the water, sediments, and two species of benthic invertebrates in an Oklahoma lake
    • Cover, E. and Wilhm, J. 1982. Effect of artificial destratification on iron, manganese, and zinc in the water, sediments, and two species of benthic invertebrates in an Oklahoma lake. Hydrobiologia 87:11-16.
    • (1982) Hydrobiologia , vol.87 , pp. 11-16
    • Cover, E.1    Wilhm, J.2
  • 49
    • 4944265463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stable metal isotopes reveal copper accumulation and loss dynamics in the freshwater bivalve Corbicula
    • Croteau, M-N., Luoma, S.N., Topping, B.R., and Lopez, C.B. 2004. Stable metal isotopes reveal copper accumulation and loss dynamics in the freshwater bivalve Corbicula. Environmental Science and Technology 39:5002-5009.
    • (2004) Environmental Science and Technology , vol.39 , pp. 5002-5009
    • Croteau, M.-N.1    Luoma, S.N.2    Topping, B.R.3    Lopez, C.B.4
  • 50
  • 51
    • 0002586913 scopus 로고
    • Contaminated food and uptake of heavy metals by fish: A review and a proposal for further research
    • Dallinger, R., Prosi, F., Segner, H., and Back, H. 1987. Contaminated food and uptake of heavy metals by fish: A review and a proposal for further research. Oecologia 73:91-98.
    • (1987) Oecologia , vol.73 , pp. 91-98
    • Dallinger, R.1    Prosi, F.2    Segner, H.3    Back, H.4
  • 52
    • 2642647876 scopus 로고
    • Effects of mercury on cellular systems in mammals-A review
    • Das, S.K., Sharma, A., and Talukder, G. 1982. Effects of mercury on cellular systems in mammals-A review. Nucleus 25:193-230.
    • (1982) Nucleus , vol.25 , pp. 193-230
    • Das, S.K.1    Sharma, A.2    Talukder, G.3
  • 53
    • 0344011501 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Establishing the impact of acid mine drainage through metal bioaccumulation and taxa richness of benthic insects in a tropical Asian stream (Philippines)
    • David, C.P.C. 2003. Establishing the impact of acid mine drainage through metal bioaccumulation and taxa richness of benthic insects in a tropical Asian stream (Philippines). Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 22:2952-2959.
    • (2003) Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry , vol.22 , pp. 2952-2959
    • David, C.P.C.1
  • 54
    • 0035410090 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using water, bryophytes, and macroinvertebrates to assess trace element concentrations in the upper Colorado River basin
    • Deacon, J.R., Spahr, N.E., Mize, S.V., and Boulger, R.W. 2001. Using water, bryophytes, and macroinvertebrates to assess trace element concentrations in the upper Colorado River basin. Hydrobiologia 455:29-39.
    • (2001) Hydrobiologia , vol.455 , pp. 29-39
    • Deacon, J.R.1    Spahr, N.E.2    Mize, S.V.3    Boulger, R.W.4
  • 55
    • 33646373956 scopus 로고
    • Uptake of heavy metals from sediment by fish
    • ed. T.C. Hutchinson, . University of Toronto: Institute for Environmental Studies
    • Delisle, C.E., Hummel, B., and Wheeland, K.G. 1975. Uptake of heavy metals from sediment by fish. In International conference on heavy metals in their environment, ed. T.C. Hutchinson, 677-685. University of Toronto: Institute for Environmental Studies.
    • (1975) International Conference on Heavy Metals in Their Environment , pp. 677-685
    • Delisle, C.E.1    Hummel, B.2    Wheeland, K.G.3
  • 57
    • 0018316790 scopus 로고
    • Lead accumulation in plankton blooms from Ullswater, the English Lake District
    • Denny, P. and Welsh, R.P. 1979. Lead accumulation in plankton blooms from Ullswater, the English Lake District. Environmental Pollution 18:1-9.
    • (1979) Environmental Pollution , vol.18 , pp. 1-9
    • Denny, P.1    Welsh, R.P.2
  • 60
    • 0027207856 scopus 로고
    • The impact of the Cyanamid Canada Co. discharges to benthic invertebrates in the Welland River in Niagara Falls, Canada
    • Dickman, M. and Rygiel, G. 1993. The impact of the Cyanamid Canada Co. discharges to benthic invertebrates in the Welland River in Niagara Falls, Canada. Ecotoxicology 2:93-122.
    • (1993) Ecotoxicology , vol.2 , pp. 93-122
    • Dickman, M.1    Rygiel, G.2
  • 61
    • 0031855533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of a mine tailings spill on feeding and metal concentrations in yellow perch (Perca flavescens)
    • Draves, J.F. and Fox, M.G. 1998. Effects of a mine tailings spill on feeding and metal concentrations in yellow perch (Perca flavescens). Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 17:1626-1632.
    • (1998) Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry , vol.17 , pp. 1626-1632
    • Draves, J.F.1    Fox, M.G.2
  • 62
    • 0022273346 scopus 로고
    • Aluminum in acidic surface waters: Chemistry, transport, and effects
    • Driscoll, C.T. 1985. Aluminum in acidic surface waters: chemistry, transport, and effects. Environmental Health Perspectives 63:93-104.
    • (1985) Environmental Health Perspectives , vol.63 , pp. 93-104
    • Driscoll, C.T.1
  • 70
    • 0015747431 scopus 로고
    • Acute toxicology to an estuarine teleost of mixtures of cadmium, copper, and zinc salts
    • Eisler, R. and Gardner, G.R. 1973. Acute toxicology to an estuarine teleost of mixtures of cadmium, copper, and zinc salts. Journal of Fish Biology 5: 131-142.
    • (1973) Journal of Fish Biology , vol.5 , pp. 131-142
    • Eisler, R.1    Gardner, G.R.2
  • 71
    • 0030619846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bioaccumulation of aluminum in the freshwater snail Lymnaea stagnalis at neutral pH
    • Elangovan, R., White, K.N., and McCrohan, C.R. 1997. Bioaccumulation of aluminum in the freshwater snail Lymnaea stagnalis at neutral pH. Environmental Pollution 96:29-33.
    • (1997) Environmental Pollution , vol.96 , pp. 29-33
    • Elangovan, R.1    White, K.N.2    McCrohan, C.R.3
  • 72
    • 0001574421 scopus 로고
    • Zinc
    • ed. L. Friberg, G. E Nordberg, and V. B. Vouk, . New York: Elsevier
    • nd edition, ed. L. Friberg, G. E Nordberg, and V. B. Vouk, 664-679. New York: Elsevier.
    • (1986) nd Edition , pp. 664-679
    • Elinder, C.G.1
  • 73
    • 0007979841 scopus 로고
    • Distribution of cadmium and lead in a stream ecosystem
    • Enk, M.D. and Mathis, B.J. 1977. Distribution of cadmium and lead in a stream ecosystem. Hydrobiologia 52:153-158.
    • (1977) Hydrobiologia , vol.52 , pp. 153-158
    • Enk, M.D.1    Mathis, B.J.2
  • 74
    • 0021584347 scopus 로고
    • The transfer of lead by freshwater snails in Ullswater, Cumbria
    • Everard, M., and Denny, P. 1984. The transfer of lead by freshwater snails in Ullswater, Cumbria. Environmental Pollution 35:299-314.
    • (1984) Environmental Pollution , vol.35 , pp. 299-314
    • Everard, M.1    Denny, P.2
  • 77
    • 0031951952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Concentrations of metals associated with mining waster in sediments, biofilm, benthic macroinvertebrates, and fish from the Coeur d'Alene River Basin, Idaho
    • Farag, A.M., Woodward, D.F., Goldstein, J.N., Brumbaugh, W., and Meyer, J.S. 1998. Concentrations of metals associated with mining waster in sediments, biofilm, benthic macroinvertebrates, and fish from the Coeur d'Alene River Basin, Idaho. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 34:119-127.
    • (1998) Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology , vol.34 , pp. 119-127
    • Farag, A.M.1    Woodward, D.F.2    Goldstein, J.N.3    Brumbaugh, W.4    Meyer, J.S.5
  • 79
    • 0034065978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of local sources on metal concentrations in littoral sediments and aquatic macroinvertebrates of the St. Lawrence River, near Cornwall, Ontario
    • Fillion, A. and Morin, A. 2000. Effect of local sources on metal concentrations in littoral sediments and aquatic macroinvertebrates of the St. Lawrence River, near Cornwall, Ontario. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 57 (suppl. 1): 113-125.
    • (2000) Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , vol.57 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 113-125
    • Fillion, A.1    Morin, A.2
  • 81
    • 33845616797 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metal and radionuclides bioaccumulation in marine organisms
    • ed. N.S. Fisher. CIESM Workshop Monograph No. 19
    • Fisher, N.S. 2002. Metal and radionuclides bioaccumulation in marine organisms. In Bioaccumulation of Metals and Radionuclides in marine organisms, ed. N.S. Fisher. CIESM Workshop Monograph No. 19.
    • (2002) Bioaccumulation of Metals and Radionuclides in Marine Organisms
    • Fisher, N.S.1
  • 83
    • 0018974947 scopus 로고
    • Acclimation to lead in the freshwater isopod Asellus aquaticus
    • Fraser, J. 1980. Acclimation to lead in the freshwater isopod Asellus aquaticus. Oecologia 45:419-420.
    • (1980) Oecologia , vol.45 , pp. 419-420
    • Fraser, J.1
  • 85
    • 0033031052 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of wildfire and clear-cutting in the boreal forest on methyl mercury in zooplankton
    • Garcia, E. and Carignan, R. 1999. Impact of wildfire and clear-cutting in the boreal forest on methyl mercury in zooplankton. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 56:339-345.
    • (1999) Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , vol.56 , pp. 339-345
    • Garcia, E.1    Carignan, R.2
  • 86
    • 0033767656 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mercury concentrations in northern pike (Esox lucius) from boreal lakes with logged, burned, or undisturbed catchments
    • Garcia, E. and Carignan, R. 2000. Mercury concentrations in northern pike (Esox lucius) from boreal lakes with logged, burned, or undisturbed catchments. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 57 (suppl. 2): 129-135.
    • (2000) Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , vol.57 , Issue.SUPPL. 2 , pp. 129-135
    • Garcia, E.1    Carignan, R.2
  • 89
    • 0033004984 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bioaccumulation of heavy metals by aquatic macro-invertebrates of different feeding guilds: A review
    • Goodyear, K.L. and McNeill, S. 1999. Bioaccumulation of heavy metals by aquatic macro-invertebrates of different feeding guilds: A review. The Science of the Total Environment 229:1-19.
    • (1999) The Science of the Total Environment , vol.229 , pp. 1-19
    • Goodyear, K.L.1    McNeill, S.2
  • 90
    • 0028594271 scopus 로고
    • Relationships between macro-invertebrate communities and environmental variables in metal-contaminated streams in southwest England
    • Gower, A.M., Myers, G., Kent, M., and Foulkes, M.E. 1994. Relationships between macro-invertebrate communities and environmental variables in metal-contaminated streams in southwest England. Freshwater Biology 32:199-221.
    • (1994) Freshwater Biology , vol.32 , pp. 199-221
    • Gower, A.M.1    Myers, G.2    Kent, M.3    Foulkes, M.E.4
  • 91
    • 0008268710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute lethal toxicity and accumulation of copper in Gammarus pulex (L.) (Amphipoda)
    • Güven, K., Özbay, C., Ünlü, E., and Satar, A. 1999. Acute lethal toxicity and accumulation of copper in Gammarus pulex (L.) (Amphipoda). Turkish Journal of Biology 23:513-521.
    • (1999) Turkish Journal of Biology , vol.23 , pp. 513-521
    • Güven, K.1    Özbay, C.2    Ünlü, E.3    Satar, A.4
  • 95
    • 0037248366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of humic acid on the uptake of mercury (II), cadmium (II), and zinc (II) by Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) eggs
    • Hammock, D., Huang, D.D., Mort, G. and Swinehart, J.H. 2003. The effect of humic acid on the uptake of mercury (II), cadmium (II), and zinc (II) by Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) eggs. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 44:83-88.
    • (2003) Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology , vol.44 , pp. 83-88
    • Hammock, D.1    Huang, D.D.2    Mort, G.3    Swinehart, J.H.4
  • 96
    • 0032798534 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) exposed to copper: Neurophysiological and histological effects on the olfactory system
    • Hansen, J.A., Rose, J.D., Jenkins, R.A., Gergow, K.G., and Bergman, H.L. 1999. Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) exposed to copper: neurophysiological and histological effects on the olfactory system. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 18:1979-1991.
    • (1999) Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry , vol.18 , pp. 1979-1991
    • Hansen, J.A.1    Rose, J.D.2    Jenkins, R.A.3    Gergow, K.G.4    Bergman, H.L.5
  • 97
    • 0027051346 scopus 로고
    • Aquatic insects and trace metals: Bioavailability, bioaccumulation, and toxicology
    • Hare, L. 1992. Aquatic insects and trace metals: bioavailability, bioaccumulation, and toxicology. Critical Reviews in Toxicology 22:327-369.
    • (1992) Critical Reviews in Toxicology , vol.22 , pp. 327-369
    • Hare, L.1
  • 98
    • 0031054840 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toxicity and bioaccumulation of a mixture of heavy metals in Chironomus tentans (Diptera: Chironomidae) in synthetic sediment
    • Harrahy, E.A. and Clements, W.H. 1997. Toxicity and bioaccumulation of a mixture of heavy metals in Chironomus tentans (Diptera: Chironomidae) in synthetic sediment. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 16:317-327.
    • (1997) Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry , vol.16 , pp. 317-327
    • Harrahy, E.A.1    Clements, W.H.2
  • 100
    • 0027891964 scopus 로고
    • Bioenergetic simulations of mercury uptake and retention in walleye (Stizostedion vitreum) and yellow perch (Perca flavescens)
    • Harris, R.C. and Snodgrass, W.J. 1993. Bioenergetic simulations of mercury uptake and retention in walleye (Stizostedion vitreum) and yellow perch (Perca flavescens). Water Pollution Research Journal of Canada 28:217-236.
    • (1993) Water Pollution Research Journal of Canada , vol.28 , pp. 217-236
    • Harris, R.C.1    Snodgrass, W.J.2
  • 102
    • 0022397196 scopus 로고
    • Aluminum bioaccumulation and toxicity to Daphnia magna in soft water at low pH
    • Havas, M. 1985. Aluminum bioaccumulation and toxicity to Daphnia magna in soft water at low pH. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 42:1741-1748.
    • (1985) Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , vol.42 , pp. 1741-1748
    • Havas, M.1
  • 103
    • 0022181366 scopus 로고
    • Toxicity of aluminum and hydrogen ions to Daphnia catawba, Holopedium gibberu, Chaoborus punctipennis, and Chironomus anthrocinus from Mirror Lake, New Hampshire
    • Havas, M. and Likens, G.E. 1985. Toxicity of aluminum and hydrogen ions to Daphnia catawba, Holopedium gibberu, Chaoborus punctipennis, and Chironomus anthrocinus from Mirror Lake, New Hampshire. Canadian Journal of Zoology 63:1114-1119.
    • (1985) Canadian Journal of Zoology , vol.63 , pp. 1114-1119
    • Havas, M.1    Likens, G.E.2
  • 104
    • 0019005507 scopus 로고
    • Trace element, radionuclide, and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon concentrations in Unionidae mussels from northern Lake George
    • Heit M., Klusek, C.S., and Miller, K.M. 1980. Trace element, radionuclide, and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon concentrations in Unionidae mussels from northern Lake George. Environmental Sciences and Technology 14:465-468.
    • (1980) Environmental Sciences and Technology , vol.14 , pp. 465-468
    • Heit, M.1    Klusek, C.S.2    Miller, K.M.3
  • 105
    • 33845669578 scopus 로고
    • Mercury concentrations in fish
    • ed. D.R. Buhler, . Corvallis, OR: Continuing Education Publications
    • Henderson, C. and Shanks, W.E. 1973. Mercury concentrations in fish. In. Mercury in the western environment, ed. D.R. Buhler, 45-58. Corvallis, OR: Continuing Education Publications.
    • (1973) Mercury in the Western Environment , pp. 45-58
    • Henderson, C.1    Shanks, W.E.2
  • 108
    • 0036712321 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparing the responses of diatoms and macroinvertebrates to metals in upland streams of Wales and Cornwall
    • Hirst, H., Jüttner, I. and Omerod, S.J. 2002. Comparing the responses of diatoms and macroinvertebrates to metals in upland streams of Wales and Cornwall. Freshwater Biology 47:1752-1765.
    • (2002) Freshwater Biology , vol.47 , pp. 1752-1765
    • Hirst, H.1    Jüttner, I.2    Omerod, S.J.3
  • 110
    • 19944399767 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mercury levels and relationships in water, sediment, and fish tissue in the Willamette Basin, Oregon
    • Hope, B.K. and Rubin, J.R. 2005. Mercury levels and relationships in water, sediment, and fish tissue in the Willamette Basin, Oregon. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 48:367-380.
    • (2005) Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology , vol.48 , pp. 367-380
    • Hope, B.K.1    Rubin, J.R.2
  • 111
    • 0006806795 scopus 로고
    • Relationships among the species and forms of copper and biomass along the Erhijn Chi coastal water
    • as cited in Eisler 1998
    • Hung, T.C., Chuang, S.J., Wu, S.J., Tsai, C.C.H. 1990. Relationships among the species and forms of copper and biomass along the Erhijn Chi coastal water. Acta Oceanographic Taiwanica 25: 65-76 (as cited in Eisler 1998).
    • (1990) Acta Oceanographic Taiwanica , vol.25 , pp. 65-76
    • Hung, T.C.1    Chuang, S.J.2    Wu, S.J.3    Tsai, C.C.H.4
  • 112
    • 0024257261 scopus 로고
    • The mercury problem in recently formed reservoirs of northern Manitoba (Canada): Effects of impoundment and other factors on the production of methyl mercury by microorganisms in sediments
    • Jackson, T.A. 1988. The mercury problem in recently formed reservoirs of northern Manitoba (Canada): Effects of impoundment and other factors on the production of methyl mercury by microorganisms in sediments. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 45:97-121.
    • (1988) Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , vol.45 , pp. 97-121
    • Jackson, T.A.1
  • 114
    • 0037014535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can flooded organic matter from sediments predict mercury concentrations in zooplankton of a perturbed lake
    • Kainz, M., Lucotte, M. 2002. Can flooded organic matter from sediments predict mercury concentrations in zooplankton of a perturbed lake. The Science of the Total Environment 293:151-161.
    • (2002) The Science of the Total Environment , vol.293 , pp. 151-161
    • Kainz, M.1    Lucotte, M.2
  • 117
    • 0035200297 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationships between ambient geochemistry, watershed land-use and trace metal concentrations in aquatic invertebrates living in stormwater treatment ponds
    • Karouna-Renier, N.K. and Sparling, D.W. 2001. Relationships between ambient geochemistry, watershed land-use and trace metal concentrations in aquatic invertebrates living in stormwater treatment ponds. Environmental Pollution 112:183-192.
    • (2001) Environmental Pollution , vol.112 , pp. 183-192
    • Karouna-Renier, N.K.1    Sparling, D.W.2
  • 119
    • 0027200850 scopus 로고
    • Bioaccumulation of heavy metals by benthic invertebrates at the Arkansas River, Colorado
    • Kiffney, P.M. and Clements, W.H. 1993. Bioaccumulation of heavy metals by benthic invertebrates at the Arkansas River, Colorado. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 26:1507-1517.
    • (1993) Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry , vol.26 , pp. 1507-1517
    • Kiffney, P.M.1    Clements, W.H.2
  • 120
    • 0030389945 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of metals on stream macroinvertebrate assemblages from different altitudes
    • Kiffney, P.M. and Clements, W.H. 1996. Effects of metals on stream macroinvertebrate assemblages from different altitudes. Ecological Application 6:472-481.
    • (1996) Ecological Application , vol.6 , pp. 472-481
    • Kiffney, P.M.1    Clements, W.H.2
  • 121
    • 0033214619 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mercury bioaccumulation in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and the trout food web in Lakes Okareka, Okaro, Tarawera, Rotomahana and Rotorua. New Zealand
    • Kim, J.P. and Burggraaf, S. 1999. Mercury bioaccumulation in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and the trout food web in Lakes Okareka, Okaro, Tarawera, Rotomahana and Rotorua. New Zealand. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 115:535-546.
    • (1999) Water, Air, and Soil Pollution , vol.115 , pp. 535-546
    • Kim, J.P.1    Burggraaf, S.2
  • 123
    • 0016644539 scopus 로고
    • The influence of hardness components (Ca 2+ and Mg 2+) in water on the uptake and concentration of cadmium in a simulated freshwater ecosystem
    • Kinkade, M.L. and Erdman, H.E. 1975. The influence of hardness components (Ca 2+ and Mg 2+) in water on the uptake and concentration of cadmium in a simulated freshwater ecosystem. Environmental Research 10:308-313.
    • (1975) Environmental Research , vol.10 , pp. 308-313
    • Kinkade, M.L.1    Erdman, H.E.2
  • 124
    • 0032032139 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lead (Pb) in arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) from oligotrophic alpine lakes: Gills versus digestive tract
    • Köck, G., Triendl, M., and Hofer, R. 1998. Lead (Pb) in arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) from oligotrophic alpine lakes: gills versus digestive tract. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 102:303-312.
    • (1998) Water, Air, and Soil Pollution , vol.102 , pp. 303-312
    • Köck, G.1    Triendl, M.2    Hofer, R.3
  • 126
    • 0024937281 scopus 로고
    • Accumulation of essential and non-essential metals by chironomid larvae in relation to physical and chemical properties of the elements
    • Krantzberg, G. 1989a. Accumulation of essential and non-essential metals by chironomid larvae in relation to physical and chemical properties of the elements. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 46:1755-1761.
    • (1989) Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , vol.46 , pp. 1755-1761
    • Krantzberg, G.1
  • 127
    • 0000308262 scopus 로고
    • Metal accumulation by chironomid larvae: The effects of age and body weight on metal body burdens
    • Krantzberg, G. 1989b. Metal accumulation by chironomid larvae: the effects of age and body weight on metal body burdens. Hydrobiologia 188-189:497-506.
    • (1989) Hydrobiologia , vol.188-189 , pp. 497-506
    • Krantzberg, G.1
  • 128
    • 0024483907 scopus 로고
    • Metal regulation, tolerance, and body burdens in the larvae of the genus Chironomus
    • Krantzberg, G. and Stokes, P.M. 1989. Metal regulation, tolerance, and body burdens in the larvae of the genus Chironomus. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 46:389-398.
    • (1989) Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , vol.46 , pp. 389-398
    • Krantzberg, G.1    Stokes, P.M.2
  • 129
    • 84989585139 scopus 로고
    • Biomethylation and biotransformation of arsenic in a freshwater food chain: Green alga (Chlorella vulgaris), shrimp (Neocaridina denticulate), killifish (Oryzias iatipes)
    • Kuroiwa, T., Ohki, A., Naka, K., and Meada, S. 1994. Biomethylation and biotransformation of arsenic in a freshwater food chain: Green alga (Chlorella vulgaris), shrimp (Neocaridina denticulate), killifish (Oryzias iatipes). Applied Organometallic Chemistry 8:325-333.
    • (1994) Applied Organometallic Chemistry , vol.8 , pp. 325-333
    • Kuroiwa, T.1    Ohki, A.2    Naka, K.3    Meada, S.4
  • 130
    • 0001556907 scopus 로고
    • Biological factors involved in metal concentration observed in aquatic organisms
    • ed. A. Tessier, A. and D.R. Turner, . New York: John Wiley & Sons
    • Langton, W.J. and Spence, S.K. 1995. Biological factors involved in metal concentration observed in aquatic organisms. In Metal speciation and bioavailability in aquatic systems, ed. A. Tessier, A. and D.R. Turner, 407-478. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
    • (1995) Metal Speciation and Bioavailability in Aquatic Systems , pp. 407-478
    • Langton, W.J.1    Spence, S.K.2
  • 133
    • 0000044769 scopus 로고
    • Trace metals
    • ed. G.M. Rand and S.R. Petrocelli, . New York: Hemisphere Publishing Corp.
    • Leland, H.V. and Kuwabara, J.S. 1985. Trace metals. In Fundamentals of aquatic toxicology, ed. G.M. Rand and S.R. Petrocelli, 374-415. New York: Hemisphere Publishing Corp.
    • (1985) Fundamentals of Aquatic Toxicology , pp. 374-415
    • Leland, H.V.1    Kuwabara, J.S.2
  • 136
    • 0026299670 scopus 로고
    • The fate of lead from duck shooting and road runoff in three western Australian wetlands
    • Lund, M., Davis, J. and Murray, F. 1991. The fate of lead from duck shooting and road runoff in three western Australian wetlands. Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 42:139-149.
    • (1991) Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research , vol.42 , pp. 139-149
    • Lund, M.1    Davis, J.2    Murray, F.3
  • 140
    • 0021843082 scopus 로고
    • Fish gill structural changes induced by toxicants and other irritants: A statistical review
    • Mallatt, J. 1985. Fish gill structural changes induced by toxicants and other irritants: A statistical review. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 42:630-648.
    • (1985) Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , vol.42 , pp. 630-648
    • Mallatt, J.1
  • 141
    • 0032969674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of drainage from old mine deposits on benthic macroinvertebrate communities in central Swedish streams
    • Malmquist, B. and Hoffsten, P-O. 1999. Influence of drainage from old mine deposits on benthic macroinvertebrate communities in central Swedish streams. Water Research 33:2415-2423.
    • (1999) Water Research , vol.33 , pp. 2415-2423
    • Malmquist, B.1    Hoffsten, P.-O.2
  • 142
    • 0344926476 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Response of benthic invertebrate assemblages to metal exposure and bioaccumulation associated with hard-rock mining in northwestern streams, USA
    • Maret, T.R., Cain, D.J., MacCoy, D.E., and Short, T.M. 2003. Response of benthic invertebrate assemblages to metal exposure and bioaccumulation associated with hard-rock mining in northwestern streams, USA. Journal of the North American Benthological Society 22:598-620.
    • (2003) Journal of the North American Benthological Society , vol.22 , pp. 598-620
    • Maret, T.R.1    Cain, D.J.2    MacCoy, D.E.3    Short, T.M.4
  • 143
    • 17144473221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of zinc and lead mining on the benthic macroinvertebrates of a fluvial ecosystem
    • Marqués, M.J., Martinez-Conde, E., and Rovira, J.V. 2003. Effects of zinc and lead mining on the benthic macroinvertebrates of a fluvial ecosystem. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 148: 363-388.
    • (2003) Water, Air, and Soil Pollution , vol.148 , pp. 363-388
    • Marqués, M.J.1    Martinez-Conde, E.2    Rovira, J.V.3
  • 145
    • 0033999385 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors controlling the bioaccumulation of mercury, methylmercury, arsenic, selenium, and cadmium by freshwater invertebrates and fish
    • Mason, R.P., Laporte, J.-M., and Andres, S. 2000. Factors controlling the bioaccumulation of mercury, methylmercury, arsenic, selenium, and cadmium by freshwater invertebrates and fish. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 38:283-297.
    • (2000) Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology , vol.38 , pp. 283-297
    • Mason, R.P.1    Laporte, J.-M.2    Andres, S.3
  • 148
    • 0022235912 scopus 로고
    • The effects of feeding ecology on mercury accumulation in walleye (Stizostedion vitreum) and pike (Esox lucius) in Lake Simcoe
    • Mathers, R.A. and Johansen, PH.. 1985. The effects of feeding ecology on mercury accumulation in walleye (Stizostedion vitreum) and pike (Esox lucius) in Lake Simcoe. Canadian Journal of Zoology 63: 2006-2012.
    • (1985) Canadian Journal of Zoology , vol.63 , pp. 2006-2012
    • Mathers, R.A.1    Johansen, P.H.2
  • 149
    • 34250407576 scopus 로고
    • Distribution of mercury, cadmium, lead, and thallium in a eutrophic lake
    • Mathis, B.J. and Kevern, N.R. 1975. Distribution of mercury, cadmium, lead, and thallium in a eutrophic lake. Hydrobiologia 46:207-222.
    • (1975) Hydrobiologia , vol.46 , pp. 207-222
    • Mathis, B.J.1    Kevern, N.R.2
  • 151
    • 0023265089 scopus 로고
    • Bioaccumulation of zinc in two freshwater organisms (Daphnia magna, Crustacea and Briachydanio, Pisces)
    • Memmert, U. 1987. Bioaccumulation of zinc in two freshwater organisms (Daphnia magna, Crustacea and Briachydanio, Pisces). Water Research 21:99-106.
    • (1987) Water Research , vol.21 , pp. 99-106
    • Memmert, U.1
  • 152
    • 0029777711 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of biological factors on concentrations of metals in the tissues of freshwater mussels (Elliptio complanata and Lampsilis radiata radiata) from the St. Lawrence River
    • Metcalf-Smith J.L., Green, R.H., and Grapentine, L.C. 1996. Influence of biological factors on concentrations of metals in the tissues of freshwater mussels (Elliptio complanata and Lampsilis radiata radiata) from the St. Lawrence River. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 53:205-219.
    • (1996) Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , vol.53 , pp. 205-219
    • Metcalf-Smith, J.L.1    Green, R.H.2    Grapentine, L.C.3
  • 155
    • 84860056802 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • accessed November 14, 2006
    • Mineral Information Institute. 2005. Iron ore: Hematite, magnetite & taconite. http://www.mii.org/Minerals/photoiron.html (accessed November 14, 2006).
    • (2005) Iron Ore: Hematite, Magnetite & Taconite
  • 156
    • 0031907969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seasonal patterns of mercury species in water and plankton from softwater lakes in northeastern Minnesota
    • Monson, B.A. and Brezonik, P.L. 1998. Seasonal patterns of mercury species in water and plankton from softwater lakes in northeastern Minnesota. Biogeochemistry 40:147-162.
    • (1998) Biogeochemistry , vol.40 , pp. 147-162
    • Monson, B.A.1    Brezonik, P.L.2
  • 157
    • 0032783325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of arsenic and antimony contamination on benthic invertebrates in a minor Corsican river
    • Mori, C., Orsini, A., and Migon, C. 1999. Impact of arsenic and antimony contamination on benthic invertebrates in a minor Corsican river. Hydrobiologia 392:73-80.
    • (1999) Hydrobiologia , vol.392 , pp. 73-80
    • Mori, C.1    Orsini, A.2    Migon, C.3
  • 159
    • 0042246363 scopus 로고
    • Methylation of mercury by humic substances in an aquatic environment
    • Nagase, H., Ose, Y., Sato, T., and Ishikawa, T. 1982. Methylation of mercury by humic substances in an aquatic environment. Science for the Total Environment 32:147-156.
    • (1982) Science for the Total Environment , vol.32 , pp. 147-156
    • Nagase, H.1    Ose, Y.2    Sato, T.3    Ishikawa, T.4
  • 161
    • 33845623399 scopus 로고
    • National Academy of Sciences (NAS). Washington, DC: National Academy of Sciences
    • National Academy of Sciences (NAS). 1977. Arsenic. Washington, DC: National Academy of Sciences.
    • (1977) Arsenic
  • 163
    • 0004244049 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Research Council (NRC) Committee on the Toxicological Effects of Methylmercury, Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology, National Research Council. National Academy Press, Washington D. C.
    • National Research Council (NRC). 2000. Toxicological effects of methylmercury. Committee on the Toxicological Effects of Methylmercury, Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology, National Research Council. National Academy Press, Washington D. C., 360 pp.
    • (2000) Toxicological Effects of Methylmercury
  • 164
    • 0003992679 scopus 로고
    • National Research Council of Canada (NRCC). National Research Council of Canada Publication No. NRCC 15391
    • National Research Council of Canada (NRCC). 1978. Effects of arsenic in the Canadian environment. National Research Council of Canada Publication No. NRCC 15391.
    • (1978) Effects of Arsenic in the Canadian Environment
  • 167
  • 168
    • 33745222276 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of Anabaena spiroides (Cyanphyceae) exopolysaccharide on copper toxicity to Simocephalus serrulatus (Cladocera, Daphnidae)
    • Nogueira, P.F.M., Melão, M.D.G.G., Lombardi, A.T., and Vieira, A.A.H. 2005. The effects of Anabaena spiroides (Cyanphyceae) exopolysaccharide on copper toxicity to Simocephalus serrulatus (Cladocera, Daphnidae). Freshwater Biology 50:1560-1567.
    • (2005) Freshwater Biology , vol.50 , pp. 1560-1567
    • Nogueira, P.F.M.1    Melão, M.D.G.G.2    Lombardi, A.T.3    Vieira, A.A.H.4
  • 169
    • 0017231210 scopus 로고
    • A bioenergetic model for pollution accumulation by fish. Simulation of PCB and methylmercury residual levels in Ottawa River yellow perch (Perca flavescens)
    • Norstrom, R.J., McKinnon, A.E., and deFreitas, A.S.W. 1976. A bioenergetic model for pollution accumulation by fish. Simulation of PCB and methylmercury residual levels in Ottawa River yellow perch (Perca flavescens). Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 33:248-267.
    • (1976) Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada , vol.33 , pp. 248-267
    • Norstrom, R.J.1    McKinnon, A.E.2    DeFreitas, A.S.W.3
  • 170
    • 0031931186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of selenium and organic material in lake sediments on the bioaccumulation of methylmercury by Lumbricus variegates (Oligochaeta)
    • Nuutinen, S. and Kukkonen, J.V.K. 1998. The effect of selenium and organic material in lake sediments on the bioaccumulation of methylmercury by Lumbricus variegates (Oligochaeta). Biogeochemistry 40:267-278.
    • (1998) Biogeochemistry , vol.40 , pp. 267-278
    • Nuutinen, S.1    Kukkonen, J.V.K.2
  • 171
    • 0001361706 scopus 로고
    • Uptake of methylmercury chloride and mercuric chloride by trout: A study of uptake pathways into the whole animal and by erythrocytes in vitro
    • Olsen, K.R., Bergman, H.L., and Fromm, P.O. 1973. Uptake of methylmercury chloride and mercuric chloride by trout: a study of uptake pathways into the whole animal and by erythrocytes in vitro. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 30:1293-1299.
    • (1973) Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada , vol.30 , pp. 1293-1299
    • Olsen, K.R.1    Bergman, H.L.2    Fromm, P.O.3
  • 172
    • 0027524389 scopus 로고
    • Mercury in macroinvertebrates from Swedish forest lakes: Influence of lake type, habitat, life cycle, and food quality
    • Parkman, H. and Meili, M. 1993. Mercury in macroinvertebrates from Swedish forest lakes: Influence of lake type, habitat, life cycle, and food quality. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 50:521-534.
    • (1993) Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , vol.50 , pp. 521-534
    • Parkman, H.1    Meili, M.2
  • 173
    • 0021091521 scopus 로고
    • Diffusion of calcium, cadmium, and mercury in a mucous solution from rainbow trout
    • Pärt, P. and Lock, R.A.C. 1983. Diffusion of calcium, cadmium, and mercury in a mucous solution from rainbow trout. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 76:259-263.
    • (1983) Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology , vol.76 , pp. 259-263
    • Pärt, P.1    Lock, R.A.C.2
  • 175
    • 0032534873 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increases in total and methylmercury in zooplankton following flooding of a peatland reservoir
    • Patterson, M.J., Rudd, J.W.M., and St. Louis, V. 1998. Increases in total and methylmercury in zooplankton following flooding of a peatland reservoir. Environmental Science and Technology 32:3868-3874.
    • (1998) Environmental Science and Technology , vol.32 , pp. 3868-3874
    • Patterson, M.J.1    Rudd, J.W.M.2    St. Louis, V.3
  • 176
    • 0029857128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of bioturbation on metal-sulfide oxidation in surficial freshwater sediments
    • Peterson, G.S., Ankley, G.T., and Leonard, E.N. 1996. Effect of bioturbation on metal-sulfide oxidation in surficial freshwater sediments. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 15:2147-2155.
    • (1996) Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry , vol.15 , pp. 2147-2155
    • Peterson, G.S.1    Ankley, G.T.2    Leonard, E.N.3
  • 179
    • 0030747425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contribution of suspended particulate matter and Zooplankton to MeHg contamination of the food chain in midnorthem Quebec (Canada) reservoirs
    • Plourde, Y., Lucotte, M., and Pichet, P. 1997. Contribution of suspended particulate matter and Zooplankton to MeHg contamination of the food chain in midnorthem Quebec (Canada) reservoirs. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 54:821-831.
    • (1997) Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , vol.54 , pp. 821-831
    • Plourde, Y.1    Lucotte, M.2    Pichet, P.3
  • 180
    • 0030456875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Uptake rates of food-chain and waterbome mercury by fish: Field measurements, a mechanistic model, and assessment of uncertainties
    • Post, J.R. Vandenbos, R., and McQueen, D.J. 1996. Uptake rates of food-chain and waterbome mercury by fish: field measurements, a mechanistic model, and assessment of uncertainties. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 53:395-407.
    • (1996) Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , vol.53 , pp. 395-407
    • Post, J.R.1    Vandenbos, R.2    McQueen, D.J.3
  • 181
    • 2942538351 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Landscape attributes, dissolved organic C, and metal bioaccumulation in aquatic macroinvertebrates (Arkansas River Basin, Colorado)
    • Prusha, B.A. and Clements, W.H. 2004. Landscape attributes, dissolved organic C, and metal bioaccumulation in aquatic macroinvertebrates (Arkansas River Basin, Colorado). Journal of the North American Benthological Society 23:327-339.
    • (2004) Journal of the North American Benthological Society , vol.23 , pp. 327-339
    • Prusha, B.A.1    Clements, W.H.2
  • 182
    • 0002646464 scopus 로고
    • Metal uptake, regulation and excretion in freshwater invertebrates
    • ed. R. Dallinger and P.S. Rainbow. Boca Raton, FL: Lewis Publishers
    • Rainbow, P.S. and Dallinger, R. 1992. Metal uptake, regulation and excretion in freshwater invertebrates. In Ecotoxicology of metals in invertebrates, ed. R. Dallinger and P.S. Rainbow. 119-131. Boca Raton, FL: Lewis Publishers.
    • (1992) Ecotoxicology of Metals in Invertebrates , pp. 119-131
    • Rainbow, P.S.1    Dallinger, R.2
  • 189
    • 0002947196 scopus 로고
    • You are what you eat and a little bit more: Bioenergetics-based models of methylmercury accumulation in fish revisited
    • ed. C.J. Watras and J.W. Huckabee. Boca Raton, FL: Lewis Publishers
    • Rodgers, D.W. 1994. You are what you eat and a little bit more: Bioenergetics-based models of methylmercury accumulation in fish revisited. In Mercury pollution: Integration and synthesis, ed. C.J. Watras and J.W. Huckabee, 427-439. Boca Raton, FL: Lewis Publishers.
    • (1994) Mercury Pollution: Integration and Synthesis , pp. 427-439
    • Rodgers, D.W.1
  • 190
    • 0020330523 scopus 로고
    • Organochlorine and heavy metal residues in standard fillets of Coho and Chinook Salmon of the Great Lakes-1980
    • Rohrer, T.K. Forney, J.C., and Hartig, J.H. 1982. Organochlorine and heavy metal residues in standard fillets of Coho and Chinook Salmon of the Great Lakes-1980. Journal of Great Lakes Research 8:623-634.
    • (1982) Journal of Great Lakes Research , vol.8 , pp. 623-634
    • Rohrer, T.K.1    Forney, J.C.2    Hartig, J.H.3
  • 192
    • 0345003333 scopus 로고
    • Attempts to reduce the effects of acidification on fishes in Norway by different mitigation techniques
    • Rosseland, B.O. and Skogheim, O.K. 1984. Attempts to reduce the effects of acidification on fishes in Norway by different mitigation techniques. Fisheries 9:10-16.
    • (1984) Fisheries , vol.9 , pp. 10-16
    • Rosseland, B.O.1    Skogheim, O.K.2
  • 193
    • 0043165401 scopus 로고
    • Absorption and retention of organic mercurials by rainbow trout and Chinook and sockeye salmon
    • Rucker, R.R. and Amend, D.F. 1969. Absorption and retention of organic mercurials by rainbow trout and Chinook and sockeye salmon. The Progressive Fish Culturist 31:197-201.
    • (1969) The Progressive Fish Culturist , vol.31 , pp. 197-201
    • Rucker, R.R.1    Amend, D.F.2
  • 194
  • 195
    • 0034754149 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Copper, cadmium, and zinc concentrations in juvenile Chinook salmon and selected fish-forage organisms (aquatic insects) in the upper Sacramento River, California
    • Saiki, M.K., Martin, B.A., Thompson, L.D. and Welsh, D. 2001. Copper, cadmium, and zinc concentrations in juvenile Chinook salmon and selected fish-forage organisms (aquatic insects) in the upper Sacramento River, California. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 132:127-139.
    • (2001) Water, Air, and Soil Pollution , vol.132 , pp. 127-139
    • Saiki, M.K.1    Martin, B.A.2    Thompson, L.D.3    Welsh, D.4
  • 197
    • 0033006726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monitoring cadmium and zinc contamination in freshwater systems with the use of the freshwater river crab, Potamonautes warreni
    • Sanders, M.J., Du Preez, H.H., and Van Vuren, J.H.J. 1999. Monitoring cadmium and zinc contamination in freshwater systems with the use of the freshwater river crab, Potamonautes warreni. Water SA 25: 91-98.
    • (1999) Water SA , vol.25 , pp. 91-98
    • Sanders, M.J.1    Du Preez, H.H.2    Van Vuren, J.H.J.3
  • 199
    • 0026282680 scopus 로고
    • Embryonic and larval development of brown trout, Salma trutta L.: Exposure to trace metal mixtures in soft water
    • Sayer, M.D., Reader, J.P., and Morris, R. 1991. Embryonic and larval development of brown trout, Salma trutta L.: Exposure to trace metal mixtures in soft water. Journal of Fish Biology 38:773-787.
    • (1991) Journal of Fish Biology , vol.38 , pp. 773-787
    • Sayer, M.D.1    Reader, J.P.2    Morris, R.3
  • 200
    • 3442895893 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of dietary copper exposure on growth and reproduction of Daphnia magna
    • Schamphelaere, K.A.C. and Janssen, C.R. 2004. Effects of dietary copper exposure on growth and reproduction of Daphnia magna. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 8:2038-2047.
    • (2004) Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry , vol.8 , pp. 2038-2047
    • Schamphelaere, K.A.C.1    Janssen, C.R.2
  • 201
    • 0025921437 scopus 로고
    • Effects of acidification on the availability of toxic metals and calcium to wild birds and mammals
    • Scheuhammer, A.M. 1991. Effects of acidification on the availability of toxic metals and calcium to wild birds and mammals. Environmental Pollution 11:329-375.
    • (1991) Environmental Pollution , vol.11 , pp. 329-375
    • Scheuhammer, A.M.1
  • 202
    • 0031938707 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of stable isotope ratios to distinguish sources of lead exposure in wild birds
    • Scheuhammer, A.M. and Templeton, D.M. 1998. Use of stable isotope ratios to distinguish sources of lead exposure in wild birds. Ecotoxicology 7:37-42.
    • (1998) Ecotoxicology , vol.7 , pp. 37-42
    • Scheuhammer, A.M.1    Templeton, D.M.2
  • 203
    • 0036785640 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integrative assessment of benthic macroinvertebrate community impairment from metal-contaminated waters in tributaries of the Upper Powell River, Virginia, USA
    • Schmidt, T.S., Soucek, D.J., and Cherry, D.S. 2002. Integrative assessment of benthic macroinvertebrate community impairment from metal-contaminated waters in tributaries of the Upper Powell River, Virginia, USA. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 21:2233-2241.
    • (2002) Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry , vol.21 , pp. 2233-2241
    • Schmidt, T.S.1    Soucek, D.J.2    Cherry, D.S.3
  • 204
    • 0025064510 scopus 로고
    • National contaminant biomonitoring program: Concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, copper, lead, mercury, selenium, and zinc in U.S. freshwater fish. 1976-1984
    • Schmitt, C.J. and Brumbaugh, W.G. 1990. National contaminant biomonitoring program: concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, copper, lead, mercury, selenium, and zinc in U.S. freshwater fish. 1976-1984. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 19:731-747.
    • (1990) Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology , vol.19 , pp. 731-747
    • Schmitt, C.J.1    Brumbaugh, W.G.2
  • 206
    • 0034216419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Community structure and functional organization of aquatic insects in and agricultural mountain stream of Taiwan: 1985-1986 and 1995-1996
    • Shieh, S-H. and Yang, P-S. 2000. Community structure and functional organization of aquatic insects in and agricultural mountain stream of Taiwan: 1985-1986 and 1995-1996. Zoological Studies 39:191-202.
    • (2000) Zoological Studies , vol.39 , pp. 191-202
    • Shieh, S.-H.1    Yang, P.-S.2
  • 207
    • 0001458713 scopus 로고
    • Toxicity of zinc compounds to aquatic animals with special reference to fish
    • Skidmore, J.E. 1964. Toxicity of zinc compounds to aquatic animals with special reference to fish. Quarterly Review of Biology 39:227-248.
    • (1964) Quarterly Review of Biology , vol.39 , pp. 227-248
    • Skidmore, J.E.1
  • 208
    • 0000155331 scopus 로고
    • Respiration and osmoregulation in rainbow trout with gills damaged by zinc sulphate
    • Skidmore, J.F. 1970. Respiration and osmoregulation in rainbow trout with gills damaged by zinc sulphate. Journal of Experimental Biology 52:484-494.
    • (1970) Journal of Experimental Biology , vol.52 , pp. 484-494
    • Skidmore, J.F.1
  • 209
    • 0022802904 scopus 로고
    • Base addition to flowing acidic water: Effects on smolts of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L)
    • Skogheim, O.K., Rosseland, B.O., Hoell, E. and Kroglund, F. 1986. Base addition to flowing acidic water: effects on smolts of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L). Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 30:587-592.
    • (1986) Water, Air, and Soil Pollution , vol.30 , pp. 587-592
    • Skogheim, O.K.1    Rosseland, B.O.2    Hoell, E.3    Kroglund, F.4
  • 210
    • 0028990585 scopus 로고
    • Mercury uptake patterns of biota in a seasonally anoxic northern California reservoir
    • Slotton, D.G., Reuter, J.E., and Goldman, C.R. 1995. Mercury uptake patterns of biota in a seasonally anoxic northern California reservoir. Water, Soil, and Air Pollution 80:841-850.
    • (1995) Water, Soil, and Air Pollution , vol.80 , pp. 841-850
    • Slotton, D.G.1    Reuter, J.E.2    Goldman, C.R.3
  • 211
    • 0031868641 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantifying the uptake and release of cadmium and copper by the opossum shrimp Mysis relicta preying upon the cladoceran Daphnia magna using stable isotope tracers
    • Smokorowski, K.E., Lasenby, D.C., and Evans, R.D. 1998. Quantifying the uptake and release of cadmium and copper by the opossum shrimp Mysis relicta preying upon the cladoceran Daphnia magna using stable isotope tracers. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 55:909-916.
    • (1998) Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , vol.55 , pp. 909-916
    • Smokorowski, K.E.1    Lasenby, D.C.2    Evans, R.D.3
  • 213
    • 0017762924 scopus 로고
    • Lead accumulation rates in tissues of the estuarine teleost fish Gillichthys mirabilis: Salinity and temperature effects
    • Somero, G.N., Chow, T.J., Yencey, P.H. and Snyder, C.B. 1977. Lead accumulation rates in tissues of the estuarine teleost fish Gillichthys mirabilis: Salinity and temperature effects. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 6:337-348.
    • (1977) Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology , vol.6 , pp. 337-348
    • Somero, G.N.1    Chow, T.J.2    Yencey, P.H.3    Snyder, C.B.4
  • 214
    • 0025514509 scopus 로고
    • Airborne mercury deposition and watershed characteristics in relation to mercury concentrations in water, sediments, plankton and fish of eighty northern Minnesota lakes
    • Sorensen, J., Glass, G., Schmidt, K., Huber, J., and Rapp, G. 1990. Airborne mercury deposition and watershed characteristics in relation to mercury concentrations in water, sediments, plankton and fish of eighty northern Minnesota lakes. Environmental Science and Technology 24:1716-1727.
    • (1990) Environmental Science and Technology , vol.24 , pp. 1716-1727
    • Sorensen, J.1    Glass, G.2    Schmidt, K.3    Huber, J.4    Rapp, G.5
  • 215
    • 0038717483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impacts of mine drainage and other nonpoint source pollutants on aquatic biota in the Upper Powell River system, Virginia
    • Soucek, D.J., Cherry, D.S., and Zipper, C.E. 2003. Impacts of mine drainage and other nonpoint source pollutants on aquatic biota in the Upper Powell River system, Virginia. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment 9:1059-1073.
    • (2003) Human and Ecological Risk Assessment , vol.9 , pp. 1059-1073
    • Soucek, D.J.1    Cherry, D.S.2    Zipper, C.E.3
  • 216
    • 0017939462 scopus 로고
    • Toxicity and bioaccumulation of cadmium and lead in aquatic invertebrates
    • Spehar, R.L., Anderson, R.L., and Fiandt, J.T. 1978. Toxicity and bioaccumulation of cadmium and lead in aquatic invertebrates. Environmental Pollution 15:195-208.
    • (1978) Environmental Pollution , vol.15 , pp. 195-208
    • Spehar, R.L.1    Anderson, R.L.2    Fiandt, J.T.3
  • 217
    • 0025921439 scopus 로고
    • Metal bioavailability and toxicity to fish in low-alkalinity lakes: A critical review
    • Spry, D.J. and Wiener, J.G. 1991. Metal bioavailability and toxicity to fish in low-alkalinity lakes: A critical review. Environmental Pollution 71:243-304.
    • (1991) Environmental Pollution , vol.71 , pp. 243-304
    • Spry, D.J.1    Wiener, J.G.2
  • 219
    • 0033030547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accumulation of Cd by a freshwater mussel (Pyganodon grandis) is reduced in the presence of Cu, Zn, Pb, and Ni
    • Stewart, A.R. 1999. Accumulation of Cd by a freshwater mussel (Pyganodon grandis) is reduced in the presence of Cu, Zn, Pb, and Ni. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 56:467-478.
    • (1999) Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , vol.56 , pp. 467-478
    • Stewart, A.R.1
  • 220
    • 0036654688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elemental and organochlorine residues in Bald Eagles from Adak Island, Alaska
    • Stout, J.H. and Trust, K.A. 2002. Elemental and organochlorine residues in Bald Eagles from Adak Island, Alaska. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 38:511-517.
    • (2002) Journal of Wildlife Diseases , vol.38 , pp. 511-517
    • Stout, J.H.1    Trust, K.A.2
  • 222
    • 0036889129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mouthpart deformities and community composition of Chironomidae (Diptera) larvae downstream of metal mines in New Brunswick, Canada
    • Swansburg, E.O., Fairchild, W.L., Fryer, B.J., and Ciborowski, J.H. 2002. Mouthpart deformities and community composition of Chironomidae (Diptera) larvae downstream of metal mines in New Brunswick, Canada. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 21:2675-2684.
    • (2002) Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry , vol.21 , pp. 2675-2684
    • Swansburg, E.O.1    Fairchild, W.L.2    Fryer, B.J.3    Ciborowski, J.H.4
  • 223
    • 0020041259 scopus 로고
    • Aquacultural approaches to recycling of dissolved nutrients in secondarily treated domestic wastewaters-III: Uptake of dissolved heavy metals by artificial food chains
    • Tarifeño-Silva, E., Kawasaki, L.Y., Yu, D.P., Gordon, M.S., and Chapman, D.J. 1982. Aquacultural approaches to recycling of dissolved nutrients in secondarily treated domestic wastewaters-III: Uptake of dissolved heavy metals by artificial food chains. Water Research 16:59-65.
    • (1982) Water Research , vol.16 , pp. 59-65
    • Tarifeño-Silva, E.1    Kawasaki, L.Y.2    Yu, D.P.3    Gordon, M.S.4    Chapman, D.J.5
  • 224
    • 0020646320 scopus 로고
    • The significance of the accumulation of cadmium by aquatic organisms
    • Taylor, D. 1983. The significance of the accumulation of cadmium by aquatic organisms. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 7:33-42.
    • (1983) Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety , vol.7 , pp. 33-42
    • Taylor, D.1
  • 226
    • 0027086316 scopus 로고
    • Cadmium, zinc, lead, and copper in Chironomus riparius (Meigen) larvae (Diptera, Chironomidae): Uptake and effects
    • Timmermans, K.R., Peeters, W., and Tonkes, M. 1992. Cadmium, zinc, lead, and copper in Chironomus riparius (Meigen) larvae (Diptera, Chironomidae): uptake and effects. Hydrobiologia 241: 119-134.
    • (1992) Hydrobiologia , vol.241 , pp. 119-134
    • Timmermans, K.R.1    Peeters, W.2    Tonkes, M.3
  • 228
    • 0030748840 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accumulation of total mercury and methyl mercury in insect larvae of hydroelectric reservoirs
    • Tremblay, A. and Lucotte, M. 1997. Accumulation of total mercury and methyl mercury in insect larvae of hydroelectric reservoirs. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 54:832-841.
    • (1997) Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , vol.54 , pp. 832-841
    • Tremblay, A.1    Lucotte, M.2
  • 229
    • 0029663799 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methylmercury in a benthic food chain of two hydroelectric reservoirs and a natural lake of Northern Québec (Canada)
    • Tremblay, A., Lucotte, M., and Rheault, I. 1996. Methylmercury in a benthic food chain of two hydroelectric reservoirs and a natural lake of Northern Québec (Canada). Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 91:255-269.
    • (1996) Water, Air, and Soil Pollution , vol.91 , pp. 255-269
    • Tremblay, A.1    Lucotte, M.2    Rheault, I.3
  • 230
    • 0028990602 scopus 로고
    • Different factors related to mercury concentration in sediments and Zooplankton of 73 Canadian lakes
    • Tremblay, A., Lucotte, M., and Rowan, D. 1995. Different factors related to mercury concentration in sediments and Zooplankton of 73 Canadian lakes. Water, Soil, and Air Pollution 80:961-970.
    • (1995) Water, Soil, and Air Pollution , vol.80 , pp. 961-970
    • Tremblay, A.1    Lucotte, M.2    Rowan, D.3
  • 232
    • 0003998179 scopus 로고
    • United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). EPA 440/5-80-021. Washington, DC: United States Environmental Protection Agency
    • United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). 1980. Ambient water quality criteria for arsenic. EPA 440/5-80-021. Washington, DC: United States Environmental Protection Agency.
    • (1980) Ambient Water Quality Criteria for Arsenic
  • 233
    • 0003831627 scopus 로고
    • EPA 440/5-84-033. Washington, DC: United States Environmental Protection Agency
    • _. 1985a. Ambient water quality criteria for arsenic-1984. EPA 440/5-84-033. Washington, DC: United States Environmental Protection Agency.
    • (1985) Ambient Water Quality Criteria for Arsenic-1984
  • 234
    • 0003831633 scopus 로고
    • EPA 440/5-84-026. Washington, DC: United States Environmental Protection Agency
    • _. 1985b. Ambient water quality criteria for mercury-1984. EPA 440/5-84-026. Washington, DC: United States Environmental Protection Agency.
    • (1985) Ambient Water Quality Criteria for Mercury-1984
  • 235
    • 0003688701 scopus 로고
    • EPA 440/5-87-003. Washington, DC: United States Environmental Protection Agency
    • _. 1987. Ambient water quality criteria for zin-1987. EPA 440/5-87-003. Washington, DC: United States Environmental Protection Agency.
    • (1987) Ambient Water Quality Criteria for Zin-1987
  • 237
    • 46149146548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bald eagle, Haliaeetus leucocephalus
    • United States Fish and Wildlife Service. Atlanta, GA
    • United States Fish and Wildlife Service. 1999. Bald eagle, Haliaeetus leucocephalus. In South Florida multi-species recovery plan, 4-235 - 4-258. Atlanta, GA.
    • (1999) South Florida Multi-species Recovery Plan
  • 238
    • 84860037941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Department of the Interior Toxic Substances Hydrology Program. (accessed November 15, 2006)
    • United States Geological Survey (USGS). 2005. U.S. Department of the Interior Toxic Substances Hydrology Program. http://toxics.usgs.gov/definitions/ bioconcentration.html (accessed November 15, 2006).
    • (2005)
  • 240
    • 0024856487 scopus 로고
    • Bioaccumulation of cadmium by the freshwater isopod Asellus aquaticus (L.) from aqueous and dietary sources
    • Van Hattum, B., de Voot, P., van den Bosch, van Straalen, N.M., and Covers, H. 1989. Bioaccumulation of cadmium by the freshwater isopod Asellus aquaticus (L.) from aqueous and dietary sources. Environmental Pollution 62:129-151.
    • (1989) Environmental Pollution , vol.62 , pp. 129-151
    • Van Hattum, B.1    De Voot, P.2    Van Bosch, D.3    Van Straalen, N.M.4    Covers, H.5
  • 241
    • 0018174370 scopus 로고
    • Uptake and release of lead and cadmium in skin and mucus of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch)
    • Varanasi U. and Markey, D. 1978. Uptake and release of lead and cadmium in skin and mucus of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch). Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 60: 187-91.
    • (1978) Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology , vol.60 , pp. 187-191
    • Varanasi, U.1    Markey, D.2
  • 242
    • 0023822021 scopus 로고
    • Combined toxicity of copper, cadmium, zinc, lead, nickel, and chrome to the copepod Tisbe holothuriae
    • Verriopoulos, G. and Dimas, S. 1988. Combined toxicity of copper, cadmium, zinc, lead, nickel, and chrome to the copepod Tisbe holothuriae. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 41:378-384.
    • (1988) Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology , vol.41 , pp. 378-384
    • Verriopoulos, G.1    Dimas, S.2
  • 243
    • 0019793385 scopus 로고
    • Lead uptake and release in an experimental trophic chain
    • Vighi, M. 1981. Lead uptake and release in an experimental trophic chain. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 5:177-193.
    • (1981) Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety , vol.5 , pp. 177-193
    • Vighi, M.1
  • 244
    • 0018838914 scopus 로고
    • Bioconcentration patterns of zinc, copper, cadmium, and lead in selected fish species from the Fox River, Illinois
    • Vinikour, W.S., Goldstein, R.M., and Anderson, R.V. 1980. Bioconcentration patterns of zinc, copper, cadmium, and lead in selected fish species from the Fox River, Illinois. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 24:727-734.
    • (1980) Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology , vol.24 , pp. 727-734
    • Vinikour, W.S.1    Goldstein, R.M.2    Anderson, R.V.3
  • 245
    • 0029185429 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acid-induced toxicity of aluminum to three species of filter feeding cadis larvae (Tricoptera, Arctopsychidae and Hydropsychidae)
    • Vuori, K.-M. 1996. Acid-induced toxicity of aluminum to three species of filter feeding cadis larvae (Tricoptera, Arctopsychidae and Hydropsychidae). Freshwater Biology 35:179-186.
    • (1996) Freshwater Biology , vol.35 , pp. 179-186
    • Vuori, K.-M.1
  • 246
    • 0017396873 scopus 로고
    • Mercury, arsenic, lead, cadmium, and selenium residues in fish. 1971-1973-National Pesticide Monitoring Program
    • Walsh, D.F., Berger, B.L., and Bean, J.R. 1977. Mercury, arsenic, lead, cadmium, and selenium residues in fish. 1971-1973-National Pesticide Monitoring Program. Pesticide Monitoring Journal 11:5-34.
    • (1977) Pesticide Monitoring Journal , vol.11 , pp. 5-34
    • Walsh, D.F.1    Berger, B.L.2    Bean, J.R.3
  • 247
    • 0032779436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assimilation efficiencies of chemical contaminants in aquatic invertebrates: A synthesis
    • Wang, W. and Fisher, N.S. 1999. Assimilation efficiencies of chemical contaminants in aquatic invertebrates: a synthesis. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 18:2034-2045.
    • (1999) Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry , vol.18 , pp. 2034-2045
    • Wang, W.1    Fisher, N.S.2
  • 248
    • 0018193376 scopus 로고
    • Arsenic in sediments, water and aquatic biota from lakes in the vicinity of Yellowknife, Northwest Territories, Canada
    • Wagemann, R., Snow, N.B., Rosenberg, D.M., and Lutz, A. 1978. Arsenic in sediments, water and aquatic biota from lakes in the vicinity of Yellowknife, Northwest Territories, Canada. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 7:169-191.
    • (1978) Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology , vol.7 , pp. 169-191
    • Wagemann, R.1    Snow, N.B.2    Rosenberg, D.M.3    Lutz, A.4
  • 249
    • 85021436738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Washington State Division of Health. Olympia, WA: Division of Environmental Health, Office of Environmental Health Assessments
    • Washington State Division of Health. 2004. Evaluation of contaminants in fish from Lake Washington, King County, Washington. Olympia, WA: Division of Environmental Health, Office of Environmental Health Assessments.
    • (2004) Evaluation of Contaminants in Fish from Lake Washington, King County, Washington
  • 250
    • 0033816557 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term recovery from mine drainage disturbance of a macroinvertebrate community in the Ichi-kawa River, Japan
    • Watanabe, N.C., Harada, S., and Komai, Y. 2000. Long-term recovery from mine drainage disturbance of a macroinvertebrate community in the Ichi-kawa River, Japan. Hydrobiologia 429:171-180.
    • (2000) Hydrobiologia , vol.429 , pp. 171-180
    • Watanabe, N.C.1    Harada, S.2    Komai, Y.3
  • 251
    • 0027090599 scopus 로고
    • Mercury and methylmercury in individual Zooplankton: Implications for bioaccumulation
    • Watras, C.J. and Bloom, N.S. 1992. Mercury and methylmercury in individual Zooplankton: Implications for bioaccumulation. Limnology and Oceanography 37:1313-1318.
    • (1992) Limnology and Oceanography , vol.37 , pp. 1313-1318
    • Watras, C.J.1    Bloom, N.S.2
  • 252
    • 0032971170 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lead exposure and poisoning in bald eagles and golden eagles in the Canadian prairie provinces
    • Wayland, M. and Bollinger, T. 1999. Lead exposure and poisoning in bald eagles and golden eagles in the Canadian prairie provinces. Environmental Pollution 104:341-350.
    • (1999) Environmental Pollution , vol.104 , pp. 341-350
    • Wayland, M.1    Bollinger, T.2
  • 255
    • 0142126782 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mercury residues in livers of bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) found dead or dying in British Columbia, Canada (1987-1994)
    • Weech, S.A., Wilson, L.K., Langelier, K.M. and Elliot, J.E. 2003. Mercury residues in livers of bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) found dead or dying in British Columbia, Canada (1987-1994). Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 45:562-569.
    • (2003) Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology , vol.45 , pp. 562-569
    • Weech, S.A.1    Wilson, L.K.2    Langelier, K.M.3    Elliot, J.E.4
  • 256
    • 0030429453 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental factors affecting methyl mercury accumulation in zooplankton
    • Westcott, K. and Kalff, J. 1996. Environmental factors affecting methyl mercury accumulation in zooplankton. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 53:2221-2228.
    • (1996) Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , vol.53 , pp. 2221-2228
    • Westcott, K.1    Kalff, J.2
  • 257
    • 0033927534 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mercury in the Sudbury River (Massachusetts, U.S.A.): Pollution history and a synthesis of recent research
    • Wiener, J.G. and Shields, P.J. 2000. Mercury in the Sudbury River (Massachusetts, U.S.A.): Pollution history and a synthesis of recent research. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Research 57:1053-1061.
    • (2000) Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Research , vol.57 , pp. 1053-1061
    • Wiener, J.G.1    Shields, P.J.2
  • 258
    • 0003044011 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toxicological significance of mercury in freshwater fish
    • ed. W.N. Beyer, G.H. Hienz, and A.W. Redmon-Norwood. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press
    • Wiener, J.G. and Spry, D.J. 1996. Toxicological significance of mercury in freshwater fish. In Environmental contaminants in wildlife: Interpreting tissue concentrations, ed. W.N. Beyer, G.H. Hienz, and A.W. Redmon-Norwood, 297-340. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
    • (1996) Environmental Contaminants in Wildlife: Interpreting Tissue Concentrations , pp. 297-340
    • Wiener, J.G.1    Spry, D.J.2
  • 259
    • 0025145294 scopus 로고
    • Enhanced bioaccumulation of mercury, cadmium and lead in low alkalinity waters: An emerging regional environmental problem
    • Wiener, J.G. and Stokes, P.M. 1990. Enhanced bioaccumulation of mercury, cadmium and lead in low alkalinity waters: An emerging regional environmental problem. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 9:821-823.
    • (1990) Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry , vol.9 , pp. 821-823
    • Wiener, J.G.1    Stokes, P.M.2
  • 260
    • 0018095994 scopus 로고
    • Relative importance of food and water sources to cadmium uptake by Gambusia affinis (Poeciliidae)
    • Williams, D.R. and Giesy, J.P. Jr. 1978. Relative importance of food and water sources to cadmium uptake by Gambusia affinis (Poeciliidae). Environmental Research 16:326-332.
    • (1978) Environmental Research , vol.16 , pp. 326-332
    • Williams, D.R.1    Giesy Jr., J.P.2
  • 261
    • 0025131315 scopus 로고
    • Environmental factors affecting the formation of methylmercury in low pH lakes
    • Winfrey, M.R. and Rudd, J.W.M. 1990. Environmental factors affecting the formation of methylmercury in low pH lakes. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 9:853-869.
    • (1990) Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry , vol.9 , pp. 853-869
    • Winfrey, M.R.1    Rudd, J.W.M.2
  • 266
    • 33845643702 scopus 로고
    • Woolson, E.A. (ed.). American Chemistry Society Symposium Series 7
    • Woolson, E.A. (ed.). 1975. Arsenical pesticides, American Chemistry Society Symposium Series 7.
    • (1975) Arsenical Pesticides
  • 267
    • 0020971441 scopus 로고
    • Mercury levels in sunfish Lepomis gibbosus relative to pH and other environmental variables
    • Wren, C.D. and MacCrimmon, H.R. 1983. Mercury levels in sunfish Lepomis gibbosus relative to pH and other environmental variables. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 40:1737-1743.
    • (1983) Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , vol.40 , pp. 1737-1743
    • Wren, C.D.1    MacCrimmon, H.R.2
  • 268
    • 0000934922 scopus 로고
    • Measurements of specific rates of net methyl mercury production in the water column and surface sediments of acidified and circumneutral lakes
    • Xun, L., Campbell, N., and Rudd, J.W. 1987. Measurements of specific rates of net methyl mercury production in the water column and surface sediments of acidified and circumneutral lakes. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 44:750-757.
    • (1987) Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , vol.44 , pp. 750-757
    • Xun, L.1    Campbell, N.2    Rudd, J.W.3
  • 269
    • 0003964352 scopus 로고
    • Zeiner, D.C., Laudenslayer, W.F., Mayer, K.E., and White, M. (eds.). Sacramento, CA: California Statewide Wildlife Habitat Relationships System, California Department of Fish and Game
    • Zeiner, D.C., Laudenslayer, W.F., Mayer, K.E., and White, M. (eds.). 1990. California's wildlife: Volume 2: Birds. Sacramento, CA: California Statewide Wildlife Habitat Relationships System, California Department of Fish and Game.
    • (1990) California's Wildlife: Volume 2: Birds


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.