Renal anaemia: Recent developments, innovative approaches and future directions for improved management

Nephrology

Volumn 11, Issue 6, 2006, Pages 542-548

  Kerr, Peter G ^a  

^a MONASH MEDICAL CENTRE   (Australia)

Author keywords

Anaemia; Chronic kidney disease; Erythropoiesis stimulating agent

Indexed keywords

CONTINUOUS ERYTHROPOIESIS RECEPTOR ACTIVATOR; FERRIC GLUCONATE; FERRIC HYDROXIDE SUCROSE; HEMOGLOBIN; HEPCIDIN; IRON; IRON DEXTRAN; IRON SALT; NOVEL ERYTHROPOIESIS STIMULATING PROTEIN; RECOMBINANT ERYTHROPOIETIN;

ANEMIA; CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE; CHRONOTHERAPY; CLINICAL PRACTICE; CLINICAL TRIAL; DIALYSIS; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DOSAGE SCHEDULE COMPARISON; DRUG DOSE INCREASE; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG ELIMINATION; DRUG HALF LIFE; DRUG STRUCTURE; DRUG TOLERABILITY; ERYTHROPOIESIS; HEALTH CARE COST; HEALTH CARE PERSONNEL; HOMEOSTASIS; HUMAN; INTERMETHOD COMPARISON; MORTALITY; PATIENT COMPLIANCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN FUNCTION; QUALITY OF LIFE; REVIEW; TREATMENT DURATION;

ANEMIA; ERYTHROPOIETIN, RECOMBINANT; HUMANS; IRON; NEPHROLOGY; RENAL INSUFFICIENCY, CHRONIC;

EID: 33845615381     PISSN: 13205358     EISSN: 14401797     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1797.2006.00701.x     Document Type: Review

References (76)

1. El Nahas AM, Bello AK. Chronic kidney disease: The global challenge. Lancet 2005; 365: 331-40.
2. Australia and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry. Annual Report 2005. [Cited 20 Mar 2006.] Available from URL: http://www.anzdata.org.au/
3. US Renal Data System. USRDS 2005 Annual Data Report: Atlas of End-Stage Renal Disease in the United States. Bethesda, MD: National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, 2005.
4. Lysaght MJ. Maintenance dialysis population dynamics: Current trends and long-term implications. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 2002; 13 (Suppl. 1): S37-40.
5. Neilson EG, Hull AR, Wish JB, Neylan JF, Sherman D, Suki WN. The Ad Hoc Committee report on estimating the future workforce and training requirements for nephrology. The Ad Hoc Committee on Nephrology Manpower Needs. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 1997; 8 (Suppl. 9): S1-4.
6. Obrador GT, Roberts T, St Peter WL, Frazier E, Pereira BJ, Collins AJ. Trends in anemia at initiation of dialysis in the United States. Kidney Int. 2001; 60: 1875-84.
7. Astor BC, Muntner P, Levin A, Eustace JA, Coresh J. Association of kidney function with anemia: The third national health and nutrition examination survey (1988-1994). Arch. Intern. Med. 2002; 162: 1401-8.
8. Hsu CY. Epidemiology of anemia associated with chronic renal insufficiency. Curr. Opin. Nephrol. Hypertens. 2002; 11: 337-41.
9. Hsu CY, McCulloch CE, Curhan GC. Epidemiology of anemia associated with chronic renal insufficiency among adults in the United States: Results from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 2002; 13: 504-10.
10. Hörl WH, Macdougall IC, Rossert J, Rutkowski B, Wauters JP, Valderrabano F. Predialysis survey on anemia management: Patient referral. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 2003; 41: 49-61.
11. McClellan W, Aronoff SL, Bolton WK et al. The prevalence of anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease. Curr. Med. Res. Opin. 2004; 20: 1501-10.
12. Foley RN, Parfrey PS, Morgan J et al. Effect of hemoglobin levels in hemodialysis patients with asymptomatic cardiomyopathy. Kidney Int. 2000; 58: 1325-35.
13. McClellan WM, Flanders WD, Langston RF, Jurkovitz C, Presley R. Anemia and renal insufficiency are independent risk factors for death among patients with congestive heart failure admitted to community hospitals: A population-based study. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 2002; 13: 1928-36.
14. Pickett JL, Theberge DC, Brown WS, Schweitzer SU, Nissenson AR. Normalizing hematocrit in dialysis patients improves brain function. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 1999; 33: 1122-30.
15. Lim VS, DeGowin RL, Zavala D et al. Recombinant human erythropoietin treatment in pre-dialysis patients. A double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Ann. Intern. Med. 1989; 110: 108-14.
16. Perlman RL, Finkelstein FO, Liu L et al. Quality of life in chronic kidney disease (CKD): A cross-sectional analysis in the Renal Research Institute-CKD study. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 2005; 45: 658-66.
17. Gerson A, Hwang W, Fiorenza J et al. Anemia and health-related quality of life in adolescents with chronic kidney disease. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 2004; 44: 1017-23.
18. Eschbach JW, Adamson JW. Anemia of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Kidney Int. 1985; 28: 1-5.
19. Eschbach JW, Adamson JW. Recombinant human erythropoietin: Implications for nephrology. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 1988; 11: 203-9.
20. Xia H, Ebben J, Ma JZ, Collins AJ. Hematocrit levels and hospitalization risks in hemodialysis patients. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 1999; 10: 1309-16.
21. Ma JZ, Ebben J, Xia H, Collins AJ. Hematocrit level and associated mortality in hemodialysis patients. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 1999; 10: 610-19.
22. Moreno F, Sanz-Guajardo D, Lopez-Gomez JM, Jofre R, Valderrabano F. Increasing the hematocrit has a beneficial effect on quality of life and is safe in selected hemodialysis patients. Spanish Coop erative Renal Patients Quality of Life Study Group of the Spanish Society of Nephrology. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 2000; 11: 335-42.
23. Regidor DL, Kopple JD, Kovesdy CP et al. Associations between changes in hemoglobin and administered erythropoiesis-stimulating agent and survival in hemodialysis patients. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 2006; 17: 1181-91.
24. Halstenson CE, Macres M, Katz SA et al. Comparative pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of epoetin alfa and epoetin beta. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 1991; 50: 702-12.
25. Macdougall IC, Gray SJ, Elston O et al. Pharmacokinetics of novel erythropoiesis stimulating protein compared with epoetin alfa in dialysis patients. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 1999; 10: 2392-5.
26. Locatelli F, Aljama P, Barany P et al. Revised European best practice guidelines for the management of anaemia in patients with chronic renal failure. Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 2004; 19 (Suppl. 2): ii1-47.
27. KDOQI; National Kidney Foundation. KDOQI clinical practice guidelines and clinical practice recommendations for anemia in chronic kidney disease. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 2006; 47 (Suppl. 3): S11-S45.
28. Pollock C, McMahon L. Haemoglobin. Nephrology 2005; 10 (Suppl. 4): S108-S115.
29. Pisoni RL, Bragg-Gresham JL, Young EW et al. Anemia management and outcomes from 12 countries in the Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (DOPPS). Am. J. Kidney Dis. 2004; 44: 94-111.
30. Ofsthun N, LaBrecque J, Lacson E, Keen M, Lazarus JM. The effects of higher hemoglobin levels on mortality and hospitalization in hemodialysis patients. Kidney Int. 2003; 63: 1908-14.
31. Port FK, Pisoni RL, Bragg-Gresham JL et al. DOPPS estimates of patient life years attributable to modifiable hemodialysis practices in the United States. Blood Purif. 2004; 22: 175-80.
32. Ofsthun NJ, LaBrecque J, Keen M, Im Youngson H, Krishnan M, Lazarus M. The association of mortality and hospitalization with hemoglobin (Hb) and missed dialysis treatments in stage 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients with and without cardiac morbidities. Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 2005; 20 (Suppl. 5): v268.
33. Valderrábano F, Hörl WH, Macdougall IC, Rossert J, Rutkowski B, Wauters JP. PRE-dialysis survey on anemia management. Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 2003; 18: 89-100.
34. Levin A, Djurdjev O, Duncan J, Rosenbaum D, Werb R. Haemoglobin at time of referral, prior to dialysis, predicts survival: An association of haemoglobin with long-term outcomes. Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 2005; 21: 370-77.
35. Jungers P, Choukroun G, Oualim Z, Robino C, Nguyen AT, Man NK. Beneficial influence of recombinant human erythropoietin therapy on the rate of progression of chronic renal failure in predialysis patients. Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 2001; 16: 307-12.
36. Gouva C, Nikolopoulos P, Ioannidis JP, Siamopoulos KC. Treating anemia early in renal failure patients slows the decline of renal function: A randomized controlled trial. Kidney Int. 2004; 66: 753-60.
37. Dean BB, Dylan M, Gano A Jr, Knight K, Ofman JJ, Levine BS. Erythropoiesis-stimulating protein therapy and the decline of renal function: A retrospective analysis of patients with chronic kidney disease. Curr. Med. Res. Opin. 2005; 21: 981-7.
38. Lu WX, Jones-Burton C, Zhan M, Salzberg DJ, Moore J Jr, Fink JC. Survival benefit of recombinant human erythropoietin administration prior to onset of end-stage renal disease: Variations across surrogates for quality of care and time. Nephron Clin. Pract. 2005; 101: c79-86.
39. Frank H, Heusser K, Hoffken B, Huber P, Schmieder RE, Schobel HP. Effect of erythropoietin on cardiovascular prognosis parameters in hemodialysis patients. Kidney Int. 2004; 66: 832-40.
40. Roger SD, McMahon LP, Clarkson A et al. Effects of early and late intervention with epoetin alpha on left ventricular mass among patients with chronic kidney disease (stage 3 or 4): Results of a randomized clinical trial. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 2004; 15: 148-56.
41. Levin A, Djurdjev O, Thompson C et al. Canadian randomized trial of hemoglobin maintenance to prevent or delay left ventricular mass growth in patients with CKD. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 2005; 46: 799-811.
42. Goldstein M, Yassa T, Dacouris N, McFarlane P. Multidisciplinary predialysis care and morbidity and mortality of patients on dialysis. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 2004; 44: 706-14.
43. Curtis BM, Ravani P, Malberti F et al. The short- and long-term impact of multi-disciplinary clinics in addition to standard nephrology care on patient outcomes. Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 2005; 20: 147-54.
44. Bennett L, Alonso MA. Current practice in renal anaemia management: Two multinational surveys. EDTNA. ERCA. J. 2005; 31: 99-103.
45. Fishbane S, Maesaka JK. Iron management in end-stage renal disease. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 1997; 29: 319-33.
46. Roger S. Haematological targets: Iron. Nephrology 2006; 11 (Suppl. 1): S217-29.
47. Kalantar-Zadeh K, Rodriguez RA, Humphreys MH. Association between serum ferritin and measures of inflammation, nutrition and iron in haemodialysis patients. Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 2004; 19: 141-9.
48. Kalantar-Zadeh K, Kleiner M, Dunne E et al. Total iron-binding capacity-estimated transferrin correlates with the nutritional subjective global assessment in hemodialysis patients. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 1998; 31: 263-72.
49. Cullen P, Soffker J, Hopfl M et al. Hypochromic red cells and reticulocyte haemoglobin content as markers of iron-deficient erythropoiesis in patients undergoing chronic haemodialysis. Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 1999; 14: 659-65.
50. Fishbane S, Shapiro W, Dutka P, Valenzuela OF, Faubert J. A randomized trial of iron deficiency testing strategies in hemodialysis patients. Kidney Int. 2001; 60: 2406-11.
51. Fishbane S, Mittal SK, Maesaka JK. Beneficial effects of iron therapy in renal failure patients on hemodialysis. Kidney Int. Suppl. 1999; 69: S67-70.
52. Nissenson AR, Berns JS, Sakiewicz P et al. Clinical evaluation of heme iron polypeptide: Sustaining a response to rHuEPO in hemodialysis patients. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 2003; 42: 325-30.
53. Macdougall IC, Tucker B, Thompson J, Tomson CR, Baker LR, Raine AE. A randomized controlled study of iron supplementation in patients treated with erythropoietin. Kidney Int. 1996; 50: 1694-9.
54. Bailie GR, Clark JA, Lane CE, Lane PL. Hypersensitivity reactions and deaths associated with intravenous iron preparations. Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 2005; 20: 1443-9.
55. Van Wyck DB, Roppolo M, Martinez CO, Mazey RM, McMurray S, for the United States Iron Sucrose (Venofer) Clinical Trials Group. A randomized, controlled trial comparing IV iron sucrose to oral iron in anemic patients with nondialysis-dependent CKD. Kidney Int. 2005; 68: 2846-56.
56. Mircescu G, Garneata L, Capusa C, Ursea N. Intravenous iron supplementation for the treatment of anaemia in pre-dialyzed chronic renal failure patients. Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 2006; 21: 120-24.
57. Ganz T, Nemeth E. Iron imports. IV. Hepcidin and regulation of body iron metabolism. Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver. Physiol. 2006; 290: G199-203.
58. Malyszko J, Malyszko JS, Hryszko T, Pawlak K, Mysliwiec M. Is hepcidin a link between anemia, inflammation and liver function in hemodialyzed patients? Am. J. Nephrol. 2005; 25: 586-90.
59. Jadoul M, Vanrenterghem Y, Foret M, Walker R, Gray SJ. Darbepoetin alfa administered once monthly maintains haemoglobin levels in stable dialysis patients. Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 2004; 19: 898-903.
60. Grzeszczak W, Sulowicz W, Rutkowski B et al. The efficacy and safety of once-weekly and once-fortnightly subcutaneous epoetin beta in peritoneal dialysis patients with chronic renal anaemia. Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 2005; 20: 936-44.
61. Roger SD, Cooper B. What is the practical conversion dose when changing from epoetin alfa to darbepoetin outside of clinical trials? Nephrology 2004; 9: 223-8.
62. Disney A, de Jersey P, Kirkland G et al. Aranesp® (darbepoetin alfa) administered once monthly (QM) maintains hemoglobin (Hb) levels in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 2005; 20 (Suppl. 5): MP164.
63. Germain M, Ram CV, Bhaduri S, Tang KL, Klausner M, Curzi M. Extended epoetin alfa dosing in chronic kidney disease patients: A retrospective review. Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 2005; 20: 2146-52.
64. Ling B, Walczyk M, Agarwal A, Carrol W, Lui W, Brenner R. Darbepoetin alfa administered once monthly maintains hemoglobin concentrations in patients with chronic kidney disease. Clin. Nephrol. 2005; 63: 327-34.
65. Provenzano R, Bhaduri S, Singh AK, for the PROMPT Study Group. Extended epoetin alfa dosing as maintenance treatment for the anemia of chronic kidney disease: The PROMPT study. Clin. Nephrol. 2005; 2: 113-23.
66. Silver MR, Ayus JC, Dingha R, Liu W, Varma N, Stehman-Breen C. Once-monthly (QM) Aranesp® (darbepoetin alfa) maintains target hemoglobin (Hb) levels in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) who are converting from every-other-week (Q2W) administration. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 2005; 16: 762A.
67. De Cock E, Van Bellinghen L, Standaert B. Assessing provider time for anaemia management of dialysis patients using time and motion methods: A multi-centre observational study in Europe. Value Health 2002; 5: 581.
68. Mahon A, Docherty B. Renal anaemia - The patient experience. EDTNA. ERCA. J. 2004; 30: 34-7.
69. Berns JS, Elzein H, Lynn RI, Fishbane S, Meisels IS, DeOreo PB. Hemoglobin variability in epoetin-treated hemodialysis patients. Kidney Int. 2003; 64: 1514-21.
70. Lacson E Jr, Ofsthun N, Lazarus JM. Effect of variability in anemia management on hemoglobin outcomes in ESRD. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 2003; 41: 111-24.
71. Collins AJ, Brenner RM, Ofman JJ et al. Epoetin alfa use in patients with ESRD: An analysis of recent US prescribing patterns and hemoglobin outcomes. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 2005; 46: 481-8.
72. Fishbane S, Berns JS. Hemoglobin cycling in hemodialysis patients treated with recombinant human erythropoietin. Kidney Int. 2005; 68: 1337-43.
73. Macdougall IC, Robson R, Opatrna S et al. Pharmacologic profile of CERA (Continuous Erythropoietin Receptor Activator) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients following intravenous (IV) and subcutaneous (SC) administration. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 2005; 16: 759A.
74. Macdougall IC, Reigner B, Dougherty FC. Consistent pharmacokinetic properties of C.E.R.A. (Continuous Erythropoietin Receptor Activator) in healthy volunteers and in patients with CKD. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 2006; 47: 89.
75. Besarab A, Beyer U, Dougherty FC, on behalf of the BA16285 Extension Study Group. Long-term intravenous CERA (Continuous Erythropoietin Receptor Activator) maintains haemoglobin concentration in hemodialysis patients. Nephrology 2005; 10 (Suppl.): A312.
76. Provenzano R, Besarab A, Macdougall IC et al. Subcutaneous CERA (Continuous Erythropoietin Receptor Activator) maintains haemoglobin levels with administration intervals up to 3 weeks in chronic kidney disease patients not on dialysis. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 2005; 16: 760A.