Suspension, race, and disability: Analysis of statewide practices and reporting

Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders

Volumn 14, Issue 4, 2006, Pages 217-226

  Krezmien, Michael P ^a   Leone, Peter E ^a,b   Achilles, Georgianna M ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND   (United States)

^b and Juvenile Justice

^c CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF AMERICA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 33845293785     PISSN: 10634266     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/10634266060140040501     Document Type: Review

References (33)

1. Achilles, G. M., McLaughlin, M. J., & Croninger, R. G. (2006). Sociocultural correlates of disciplinary exclusion among students with emotional, behavioral and learning disabilities in the SEELS national dataset. Manuscript submitted for publication.
2. Brady, K. P. (2002). Zero tolerance or (in)tolerance policies? Weaponless school violence, due process, and the law of student suspensions and expulsions: An examination of Fuller v. Decatur Public School Board of Education School District. Brigham Young Education and Law Journal, 159.
3. Brooks, K., Schiraldi, V., & Zeidenberg, J. (2001). School house hype: Two years later. San Francisco, CA: Justice Policy Institute.
4. Bruns, E. J., Moore, E., Staphan, S. H., Pruitt, D., & Weist, M. D. (2005). The impact of school mental health services on out-of-school suspension rates. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 34(1), 23-30.
5. Bullara, D. T. (1993). Classroom management strategies to reduce racially-biased treatment of students. Journal of Educational and Psychological Consultation, 4(4), 357-368.
6. Children's Defense Fund. (1975). School suspensions: Are they helping children? Cambridge, MA: Author.
7. Christie, C., Nelson, C. M., & Jolivette, K. (2004). School characteristics related to the use of suspension. Education & Treatment of Children, 27(4), 509-526.
8. Cooley, S. (1995). Suspension/expulsion of regular and special education students in Kansas: A report to the Kansas State Board of Education. Topeka: Kansas State Board of Education
9. Costenbader, V., & Markson, S. (1998). School suspension: A study with secondary school students. Journal of School Psychology, 36, 59-82.
10. Flannery, D. J. (1997). School violence: Risk, prevention, intervention, and policy (Report No. RR93002016). Retrieved September 27, 2002, from http://eric-web.tc.columbia.edu/monographs/uds109
11. Gun-Free Schools Act of 1994, Pub. L. No. 103-382, 108 Stat. 3907, Title 14.
12. Hosp, J. L., & Reschly, D. J. (2003). Referral rates for intervention or assessment: A meta-analysis of racial differences. The Journal of Special Education, 37(2), 67-80.
13. Imich, I. J. (1994). Exclusions from school: Current trends and issues. Educational Research, 36(1), 3-11.
14. Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act of 2004 (IDEIA), P.L. 108-446, 20 U.S.C. § 1400 et. seq.
15. Krezmien, M. P. (2006). Multilevel analysis of suspensions in Maryland. Unpublished manuscript, University of Maryland, College Park.
16. Leone, P. E., Christle, C. A., Nelson, C. M., Skiba, R., Frey, A., & Jolivette, K. (2003). School failure, race and disability: Promoting positive outcomes, decreasing vulnerability for involvement with the juvenile delinquency system. College Park, MD: The National Center on Education, Disability and Juvenile Justice.
17. Leone, P. E., Mayer, M. J., Malmgren, K., & Meisel, S. M. (2000). School violence and disruption: Rhetoric, reality, and reasonable balance. Focus on Exceptional Children, 33(1), 1-20.
18. Lietz, J., & Gregory, M. (1978). Pupil race and sex as determinants of office and exceptional educational referrals. Education Research Quarterly, 3(2), 61-66.
19. Nelson, R. J., Gonzalez, J. E., Epstein, M. H., & Benner, G. J. (2003). Administrative discipline contacts: A review of the literature. Behavioral Disorders, 28, 249-281.
20. No Child Left Behind Act of 2001, Pub. L. No. 107-110, 115 Stat. 1425 (2002).
21. Rabrenovic, G., & Levin, J. (2003, May). The quality of post exclusion assignments: Racial and ethnic differences in post-exclusion assignments for students in Massachusetts. Paper presented at the School to Prison Pipeline Conference, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA.
22. Rose, L. C., & Gallup, A. M. (2004). The 36th Annual Phi Delta Kappa/Gallup poll of the public's attitudes toward the public schools. Bloomington, IN: Phi Delta Kappa. Retrieved August 11, 2005, from http://www.pdkintl.org/kappan/k0409pol.htm
23. Scott, T. M., Nelson, C. M., & Liaupsin, C. J. (2001). Effective in struction: The forgotten component in preventing school violence. Education & Treatment of Children, 24, 309-322.
24. Skiba, R. J., Michael, R. S., Nardo, A. C., & Peterson, R. (2002). The color of discipline: Sources of racial and gender disproportionality in school punishment. The Urban Review, 34, 317-342.
25. Skiba, R. J., & Peterson, R. (2000). School discipline at a crossroads: From zero tolerance to early response. Exceptional Children, 66(3), 335-346.
26. Skiba, R. J., & Rausch, M. K. (in press). Zero tolerance, suspension, and expulsion: Questions of equity and effectiveness. In C. M. Evertson & C. S. Weinstein (Eds.), Handbook of classroom management: Research, practice, and contemporary issues. Mahwah, NH: Erlbaum.
27. Skiba, R., Simmons, A., Staudinger, L., Rausch, M., Dow, G., & Feggins, R. (2003, May). Consistent removal: Contributions of school discipline to the school-prison pipeline. Paper presented at the School to Prison Pipeline Conference, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA.
28. Teplin, L. A., Abram, K. M., McClelland, G. M., Dulcan, M. K., & Mericle, A. A. (2002). Psychiatric disorders in youth in juvenile detention. Archives of General Psychiatry, 59, 1133-1143.
29. Townsend, B. (2000). Disproportionate discipline of African American children and youth: Culturally-responsive strategies for reducing school suspensions and expulsions. Exceptional Children, 66, 381-391.
30. U.S. Department of Education. (2003). Office of Civil Rights, Elementary and Secondary Survey: 2000. Retrieved August 23, 2006, from http://nces.gov/ programs/digest/d03/tables/dt147.asp
31. Vavrus, F., & Cole, K. (2002). "I didn't do nothin'": The discursive construction of school suspension. The Urban Review, 34(2), 87-111.
32. Walker, H. M., & Severson, H. H. (1992). Systematic screening for behavior disorders (SSBD): Technical manual. Longmont, CO: Sopris West.
33. Zhang, D., Katsiyannis, A., & Herbst, M. (2004). Disciplinary exclusions in special education: A 4-year analysis. Behavioral Disorders, 29, 337-347.