Gulf Stream density structure and transport during the past millennium

Nature

Volumn 444, Issue 7119, 2006, Pages 601-604

  Lund, David C ^a,d   Lynch Stieglitz, Jean ^b   Curry, William B ^c  

^a MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

^b GEORGIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

^c WOODS HOLE OCEANOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION   (United States)

^d CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CLIMATE CHANGE; GEOLOGY; HEAT LOSSES; HYDROLOGY; SALINITY MEASUREMENT; UNCERTAIN SYSTEMS;

GULF STREAM; HEAT TRANSPORT; HIGH-RESOLUTION SEDIMENT; VERTICAL CURRENT SHEAR;

WATERWAY TRANSPORTATION;

OXYGEN 18; SEA WATER;

CLIMATE CHANGE; FORAMINIFERA; HEAT TRANSFER; LITTLE ICE AGE; OCEANIC CURRENT; PALEOCLIMATE; SEDIMENT CORE;

ARTICLE; ATLANTIC OCEAN; CALIBRATION; CLIMATE CHANGE; DENSITY GRADIENT; DOCUMENTATION; FORAMINIFER; GLOBAL CLIMATE; HEAT TRANSFER; NONHUMAN; OCEAN CURRENT; PALEOCLIMATE; PREDICTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SALINITY; SHEAR FLOW; SIMULATION; SURFACE WATER HYDROLOGY; TIME; WATER TRANSPORT;

ATLANTIC OCEAN; ATLANTIC OCEAN (NORTH); GULF STREAM; STRAITS OF FLORIDA;

FORAMINIFERA;

EID: 33845253870     PISSN: 00280836     EISSN: 14764687     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/nature05277     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. Baringer, M. O. & Larsen, J. C. Sixteen years of Florida Current transport at 27°N. Geophys. Res. Lett. 28, 3179-3182 (2001).
2. Leaman, K. D. et al. Transport, potential vorticity, and current/temperature structure across Northwest Providence and Santaren Channels and the Florida Current off Cay Sal Bank. J. Geophys. Res. 100 (C5), 8561-8569 (1995).
3. Larsen, J. C. Transport and heat flux of the Florida Current at 27°N derived from cross-stream voltages and profiling data: theory and observations. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. A 338, 169-236 (1992).
4. Lamb, H. Climate, History and the Modern World edn 2 (Routledge, London/New York, 1995).
5. Keigwin, L. D. The Little Ice age and Medieval Warm Period in the Sargasso Sea. Science 274, 1504-1508 (1996).
6. Dahl-Jensen, D. et al. Past temperatures directly from the Greenland ice sheet. Science 282, 268-271 (1998).
7. deMenocal, P., Ortiz, J., Guilderson, T. & Sarnthein, M. Coherent high- and low-latitude climate variability during the Holocene warm period. Science 288, 2198-2202 (2000).
8. Marchitto, T. M. & deMenocal, P. B. Late Holocene variability of upper North Atlantic Deep Water temperature and salinity. Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. 4, 1100, doi:10.1029/2003GC000598 (2003).
9. Esper, J., Cook, E. R. & Shweingruber, F. H. Low-frequency signals in long tree-ring chronologies for reconstructing past temperature variability. Science 295, 2250-2253 (2002).
10. Lund, D. C. & Curry, W. B. Florida Current surface temperature and salinity variability during the last millennium. Paleoceanography 21, PA2009, doi:10.1029/2005PA001218 (2006).
11. Lynch-Stieglitz, J., Curry, W. B. & Slowey, N. Ageostrophic estimate for the Florida Current from the oxygen isotope composition of benthic foraminifera. Paleoceanography 14, 360-373 (1999).
12. Hamilton, P., Larsen, J. C., Leaman, K. D., Lee, T. N. & Waddell, E. Transports through the Straits of Florida. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 35, 308-322 (2005).
13. Pillsbury, J. E. The Gulf Stream - A description of the methods employed in the investigation, and the results of the research. In Report of the Superintendent of the U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey 173-184 (U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey, Washington DC, 1890).
14. Schmitz, W. J. & Richardson, W. S. On the transport of the Florida current. Deep-Sea Res. 15, 679-693 (1968).
15. Schott, F. A., Lee, T. N. & Zantopp, R. Variability and structure of the Florida Current in the period range of days to seasonal. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 18, 1209-1230 (1988).
16. Montgomery, R. B. Transport of the Florida Current off Habana. J. Mar. Res. IV, 198-220 (1941).
17. Wertheim, G. K. Studies of the electric potential between Key West, Florida, and Havana, Cuba. Trans. AGU 35, 872-882 (1954).
18. Niiler, P. P. & Richardson, W. S. Seasonal variability of the Florida Current. J. Mar. Res. 31, 144-167 (1973).
19. Carton, J. A. & Giese, B. S. SODA version 1.4.2: A reanalysis of ocean climate. J. Geophys. Res. (submitted); preprint at 〈http://www.atmos. umd.edu/~carton/pdfs/carton&giese05.pdf〉 (2005).
20. Deuser, W. G. Seasonal variations in isotopic composition and deep-water fluxes of the tests of perennially abundant planktonic foraminifera of the Sargasso Sea: results from sediment-trap collections and their paleoceanographic significance. J. Foraminiferal Res. 17, 14-27 (1987).
21. Anand, P., Elderfield, H. & Conte, M. H. Calibration of Mg/Ca thermometry in planktonic foraminifera from a sediment trap time series. Paleoceanography 18, 1050, doi:10.1029/2002PA000846 (2003).
22. Lynch-Stieglitz, J., Curry, W. B. & Slowey, N. Weaker Gulf Stream in the Florida Straits during the Last Glacial Maximum. Nature 402, 644-648 (1999).
23. Schmitz, W. J. & Richardson, P. On the sources of the Florida Current. Deep-Sea Res. 38 (suppl.), 379-409 (1991).
24. Schmitz, W. J., Luyten, J. R. & Schmitt, R. W. On the Florida Current T/S envelope. Bull. Mar. Sci. 53, 1048-1065 (1993).
25. Haug, G., Hughen, K. A., Sigman, D. M., Peterson, L. C. & Rohl, U. Southward migration of the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone through the Holocene. Science 293, 1304-1308 (2001).
26. Hodell, D. A. et al. Climate change on the Yucatan Peninsula during the Little Ice Age. Quat. Res. 63, 109-121 (2005).
27. Chiang, J., Kushnir, Y. & Giannini, A. Deconstructing Atlantic Intertropical Convergence Zone variability: Influence of the local cross-equatorial sea surface temperature gradient and remote forcing from the eastern equatorial Pacific. J. Geophys. Res. 107, doi:10.1029/2000JD000307 (2002).
28. Vellinga, M. & Wu, P. Low-latitude freshwater influence on centennial variability of the Atlantic thermohaline circulation. J. Clim. 17, 4498-4511 (2004).
29. Kim, S. & O'Neil, J. Equilibrium and non-equilibrium oxygen isotope effects in synthetic carbonates. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 61, 3461-3475 (1997).
30. Lund, D. C. & Curry, W. B. Late Holocene variability in Florida Current surface density: Patterns and possible causes. Paleoceanography 19, PA4001, doi:10.1029/2004PA001008 (2004).