메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 288, Issue 5474, 2000, Pages 2198-2202

Coherent high- and low-latitude climate variability during the holocene warm period

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CLIMATE CHANGE; HOLOCENE; PALEOCLIMATE; SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE;

EID: 0034705537     PISSN: 00368075     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1126/science.288.5474.2198     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (594)

References (39)
  • 1
    • 0027878202 scopus 로고
    • W. Dansgaard et al., Nature 364, 218 (1993).
    • (1993) Nature , vol.364 , pp. 218
    • Dansgaard, W.1
  • 2
    • 0027845692 scopus 로고
    • G. Bond et al., Nature 365, 143 (1993).
    • (1993) Nature , vol.365 , pp. 143
    • Bond, G.1
  • 4
    • 0031437963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • R. B. Alley et al., Geology 25, 483 (1997).
    • (1997) Geology , vol.25 , pp. 483
    • Alley, R.B.1
  • 6
    • 0028995951 scopus 로고
    • S. R. O'Brien et al., Science 270, 1962 (1995).
    • (1995) Science , vol.270 , pp. 1962
    • O'Brien, S.R.1
  • 7
    • 14444276999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • G. Bond et al., Science 278, 1257 (1997).
    • (1997) Science , vol.278 , pp. 1257
    • Bond, G.1
  • 9
    • 0002956002 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • P. U. Clark, R. S. Webb, L. D. Keigwin, Eds. Geophysical Monograph Series, American Geophysical Union, Washington, D.C.
    • G. C. Bond et al., in Mechanisms of Global Climate Change at Millennial Scales, P. U. Clark, R. S. Webb, L. D. Keigwin, Eds. (Geophysical Monograph Series, American Geophysical Union, Washington, D.C., 1999), vol. 12, pp. 35-58.
    • (1999) Mechanisms of Global Climate Change at Millennial Scales , vol.12 , pp. 35-58
    • Bond, G.C.1
  • 14
    • 0343486363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Raw, freeze-dried samples of about 3 g were washed through a 64-μm sieve, dried, weighed, and then dry-sieved through a sieve with 150-μm openings. The > 150-μm fraction was split a sufficient number of times to microscopically identify and count between 400 and 900 specimens per sample. This relatively large number of specimens was counted to ensure that counting uncertainties were minimized for the 29 identified species. The F13′ transfer function was used because it specifically addresses the "P-D intergrade" identification problem [a species present in these West African samples that is morphologically intermediate between N. pachyderma (dextral, or right coiling) and N. dutertrei (15, 16)]. Computed average communalities for the estimated warm and cold SST values, which are a measure of how well the Hole 658C faunal assemblage data match the F13′ transfer function model, were uniformly high (0.82 was the average).
  • 17
    • 0343486362 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Web table 1 is available at Science Online at
    • Web table 1 is available at Science Online at www. sciencemag.org/feature/data/1048976.shl.
  • 19
    • 0343486361 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • AMS radiocarbon dates were conducted on monospecific samples of between 1000 to 1500 picked (> 150 μm) specimens of the planktonic foraminifer G. bulloides. Samples were sonicated in deionized water before analysis and measurements were conducted at the Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (CAMS) at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and the University of Kiel, Germany. Raw radiocarbon ages were corrected for the global average surface ocean reservoir correction (-400 years) plus an additional -100 ± 50 year correction to reflect the higher and more variable surface ocean reservoir age of this upwelling region. Corrected radiocarbon ages were converted to calibrated, calendar ages with the Calib 4.12 program (17, 18). Paired AMS dates on G. bulloides and G. inflate were conducted at seven levels to assess possible species offsets. These paired dates indicate that the G. bulloides ages were consistently older than G. inflata ages by several hundred years which we attribute to G. bulloides' known preference for calcifying during the main upwelling season when older subsurface waters are brought to the upper photic zone (38). The Hole 658C age model was based on the youngest measured age at any given stratigraphic level.
  • 29
    • 0024197044 scopus 로고
    • COHMAP Members, Science 241, 1043 (1988).
    • (1988) Science , vol.241 , pp. 1043
  • 35
    • 0027335406 scopus 로고
    • R. B. Alley et al., Nature 362, 527 (1993).
    • (1993) Nature , vol.362 , pp. 527
    • Alley, R.B.1
  • 37
    • 0033584787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • E. J. Steig, Science 286, 1485 (1999).
    • (1999) Science , vol.286 , pp. 1485
    • Steig, E.J.1
  • 39
    • 0343486360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • The authors would like to thank J. Adkins, G. Bond, W. Broecker, B. Chaisson, M. Claussen, F. Gasse, L. Keigwin, G. Kukla, C. Ravelo, D. Rind, N. Shackleton, and J. Lynch-Steiglitz for insightful comments, stimulating discussions, and helpful criticisms. The foraminiferal census counts were conducted by M. Bryant and the sediment analyses were completed by L. Baker; A. Esmay assisted with the transfer function development. We also gratefully acknowledge J. Miller and P. Weiss of ODP who helped sample Hole 658C. Supported by NSF grant OCE-9818631. This is Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory Publication Number 6066.


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.