H3+: The driver of giant planet atmospheres

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences

Volumn 364, Issue 1848, 2006, Pages 3121-3137

  Miller, Steve ^a   Stallard, Tom ^a   Smith, Chris ^a   Millward, George ^a   Melin, Henrik ^a   Lystrup, Makenzie ^a   Aylward, Alan ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Infrared; Ionospheres; Magnetospheres; Planetary atmospheres; Thermospheres

Indexed keywords

EID: 33751398669     PISSN: 1364503X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2006.1877     Document Type: Review

References (53)

1. Abel, B. & Thorne, R. M. 2003 Relativistic charged particle precipitation into Jupiter's subauroral atmosphere. Icarus 166, 311-319. (doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2003.08.017)
2. Achilleos, N., Miller, S., Tennyson, J., Aylward, A. D., Mueller-Wodarg, I. & Rees, D. 1998 JIM: a time-dependent, three-dimensional model of Jupiter's thermosphere and ionosphere. J. Geophys. Res. 103, 20 089-20 112. (doi:10.1029/98JE00947)
3. Atreya, S. K. 1986 Atmospheres and ionospheres of the outer planets and their satellites, pp. 139-143. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer.
4. + aurorae. Icarus 120, 437-442. (doi:10.1006/icar.1996.0063)
5. Bougher, S. W., Waite Jr, J. H., Majeed, T. & Gladstone, G. R. 2005 Jupiter thermospheric general circulation model (JTGCM): 1. Global structure and dynamics driven by auroral and Joule heating. J. Geophys. Res. 110, E04008. (doi:10.1029/2003JE00230)
6. Clarke, J. T. et al. 2005 Morphological differences between Saturn's ultraviolet aurorae and those of Earth and Jupiter. Nature 433, 717-719. (doi:10.1038/nature03331)
7. + ion: a remote diagnostic of the Jovian magnetosphere. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 358, 2471-2483. (doi:10.1098/rsta.2000.0661)
8. + at the foot of the lo flux tube in Jupiter's atmosphere. Science 262, 1035-1038.
9. Connerney, J. E. P., Acuña, M. H., Ness, N. F. & Satoh, T. 1998 New models of Jupiter's magnetic field constrained by the Io flux tube footprint. J. Geophys. Res. 103, 11 929-11 939. (doi:10.1029/97JA03726)
10. Cowley, S. W. H. & Bunce, E. J. 2001 Origin of the main auroral oval in Jupiter's coupled magnetosphere-ionosphere system. Planet. Space Sci. 49, 1067-1088. (doi:10.1016/S0032-0633(00)00167-7)
11. Cowley, S. W. H., Bunce, E. J. & Prangé, R. 2004 Saturn's polar ionospheric flows and their relation to the main oval. Ann. Geophys. 22, 1379-1394.
12. Crary, F. J. et al. 2005 Solar wind dynamic pressure and electric field as the main factors controlling Saturn's aurorae. Nature 433, 720-722. (doi:10.1038/nature03333)
13. + on Jupiter. Nature 340, 539-541. (doi:10.1038/340539a0)
14. Dungey, J. W. 1961 Interplanetary magnetic field and the auroral zone. Phys. Rev. Lett. 6, 47-48. (doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.6.47)
15. + infrared emission lines in Saturn. Astrophys. J. 408, L109-L112. (doi:10.1086/186843)
16. Griffith, C. A., Bézard, B., Greathouse, T., Lellouch, E., Lacy, J., Kelly, D. & Richter, M. J. 2004 Meridional transport of HCN from SL9 impacts on Jupiter. Icarus 170, 58-69. (doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2004.02.006)
17. Grodent, D., Waite Jr, J. H. & Gerard, J.-C. 2001 A self-consistent model of the Jovian auroral thermal structure. J. Geophys. Res. 106, 12 933-12 952. (doi:10.1029/2000JA900129)
18. Hill, T. W. 1979 Inertial limit on corotation. J. Geophys. Res. 84, 6554-6558.
19. Hill, T. W. 2001 The Jovian auroral oval. J. Geophys. Res. 106, 8101-8108. (doi:10.1029/2000JA000302)
20. Lam, H. A., Achilleos, N., Miller, S., Tennyson, J., Trafton, L. M., Geballe, T. R. & Ballester, G. E. 1997 A baseline spectroscopic study of the infrared auroras of Jupiter. Icarus 127, 379-393. (doi:10.1006/icar.1997.5698)
21. Lammer, H., Selsis, F., Ribas, I., Guinan, E. F., Bauer, S. J. & Weiss, W. W. 2003 Atmospheric loss of exoplanets resulting from stellar X-ray and extreme ultraviolet heating. Astrophys. J. 598, L121-L124. (doi:10.1086/380815)
22. Luhmann, J. G. 1995 Ionospheres. In Introduction to space physics (ed. M. G. Kivelson & C. T. Russell), p. 201. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
23. Melin, H., Miller, S., Stallard, T., Smith, C. & Grodent, D. 2006 Estimated energy balance in the Jovian upper atmosphere during an auroral heating event. Icarus 181, 256-265. (doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2005.11.004)
24. + emission of Saturn: consequences for ionisation rates and temperature. Icarus.
25. +. Can. J. Phys. 72, 760-771.
26. + emission from Jupiter. Icarus 130, 57-67. (doi:10.1006/icar.1997. 5813)
27. + in planetary atmospheres. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 358, 2485-2502. (doi:10.1098/rsta.2000. 0662)
28. Miller, S., Aylward, A. & Millward, G. 2005 Giant planet ionospheres and thermospheres: the importance of ion-neutral coupling. In The outer plaets and their moons (ed. T. Encrenaz, R. Kallenbach, T. C. Owen & C. Sotin), pp. 319-344. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer.
29. Millward, G., Miller, S., Stallard, T., Aylward, A. & Achilleos, N. 2002 On the dynamics of the Jovian ionosphere and thermosphere III. The modelling of auroral conductivity. Icarus 160, 95-107. (doi:10.1006/icar.2002. 6951)
30. Millward, G., Miller, S., Stallard, T., Aylward, A. & Achilleos, N. 2005 On the dynamics of the Jovian ionosphere and thermosphere. IV: ion-neutral coupling. Icarus 173, 200-211. (doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2004.07.027)
31. Moses, J. I. & Baas, S. F. 2000 The effects of external material on the chemistry and structure of Saturn's ionosphere. J. Geophys. Res. 105, 7013-7052. (doi:10.1029/1999JE001172)
32. Moses, J. I., Bézard, B., Lellouch, E., Gladstone, G. R., Feuchtgruber, H. & Allen, M. 2000 Photochemistry of Saturn's atmosphere. I. Hydrocarbon chemistry and comparisons with ISO observations. Icarus 143, 244-298. (doi:10.1006/icar.1999.6270)
33. Rego, D., Achilleos, N., Stallard, T., Miller, S., Prangé, R., Dougherty, M. & Joseph, R. D. 1999 Supersonic winds in Jupiter's aurorae. Nature 399, 121-124. (doi:10.1038/20121)
34. + at 4 mm with the NASA infrared telescope facility: energy inputs and thermal balance. Icarus 147, 366-385. (doi:10.1006/icar.2000.6444)
35. Smith, C. G. A. 2006 Ph.D. thesis, University of London.
36. Smith, C. G. A., Miller, S. & Aylward, A. 2005a Magnetospheric energy input into the upper atmospheres of giant planets. Ann. Geophys. 23, 1379-1394.
37. Smith, C. G. A., Aylward, A. D., Miller, S. & Mueller-Wodarg, I. C. F. 2005b Polar heating in Saturn's thermosphere. Ann. Geophys 23, 2465-2477.
38. Sommeria, J., ben Jaffel, L. & Prangé, R. 1995 On the existence of supersonic jets in the upper atmosphere of Jupiter. Icarus 118, 2-24. (doi:10.1006/icar.1995.1174)
39. Southwood, D. J. & Kivelson, M. G. 2001 A new perspective on the influence of the solar wind on the Jovian magnetosphere. J. Geophys. Res. 106, 6123-6130. (doi:10.1029/2000JA000236)
40. + latitudinal profile of Saturn. Astrophys. J. 521, L149-L152. (doi:10.1086/312189)
41. Stallard, T., Miller, S., Millward, G. & Joseph, R. D. 2001 On the dynamics of the Jovian ionosphere and thermosphere. I. The measurement of ion winds. Icarus 154, 475-491. (doi:10.1006/icar.2001.6681)
42. + vibrational temperature, column density and total emission. Icarus 156, 498-514. (doi:10.1006/icar.2001.6793)
43. Stallard, T., Miller, S., Trafton, L. M., Geballe, T. R. & Joseph, R. D. 2004 Ion winds in Saturn's auroral/polar region. Icarus 167, 204-211. (doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2003.09.006)
44. Stallard, T., Miller, S., Melin, H. & Trafton, L. M. 2005 Ground-based infrared observations of Saturn's aurora. Bull. Am. Astron. Soc. 37, 6505.
45. Strobel, D. 2005 Photochemistry in outer solar system atmospheres. In The outer planets and their moons (ed. T. Encrenaz, R. Kallenbach, T. C. Owen & C. Sotin), pp. 155-170. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer.
46. Strobel, D. & Smith 1973 On the temperature of the Jovian thermosphere. J. Atmos. Sci. 30, 718-725. (doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1973) 030〈0718:OTTOTJ〉2.0.CO;2)
47. 2 quadrupole emission. In Time variable phenomena in the Jovian system (ed. M. J. S. Belton, R. A. West & J. Rahe), pp. 229-233. Washington, DC: NASA.
48. + from Uranus. Astrophys. J. 405, 761-766. (doi:10.1086/172404)
49. + emission from Uranus: the uranian thermosphere, ionosphere and aurora. Astrophys. J. 524, 1059-1083. (doi:10.1086/307838)
50. Waite Jr, J. H., Cravens, T., Kozyra, J., Nagy, A. F. & Atreya, S. K. 1983 Electron precipitation and related aeronomy of the Jovian thermosphere and ionosphere. J. Geophys. Res. 88, 6143-6163.
51. Waite Jr, J. H., Gladstone, G. R., Lewis, W. S., Drossart, P., Cravens, T. E., Maurellis, A. N., Mauk, B. H. & Miller, S. 1997 Equatorial X-ray emissions: implications for Jupiter's high exospheric temperatures. Science 267, 104-108. (doi:10.1126/science.276.5309.104)
52. Yelle, R. V. 2004 Aeronomy of extra-solar giant planets at small orbital distances. Icarus 170, 91-112. (doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2004.02.008)
53. Yelle, R. V. & Miller, S. 2004 Jupiter's upper atmosphere. In Jupiter: the planet, satellites and magnetosphere (ed. F. Bagenal, T. Dowling & W. McKinnon), pp. 185-218. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.