Geochemistry of heavily altered Archean volcanic and volcaniclastic rocks of the Warrawoona Group, at Mt. Goldsworthy in the Pilbara Craton, Western Australia: Implications for alteration and origin

Geochemical Journal

Volumn 40, Issue 5, 2006, Pages 523-535

  Sugitani, Kenichiro ^a   Yamashita, Fumiaki ^a   Nagaoka, Tsutomu ^a   Minami, Masayo ^a   Yamamoto, Koshi ^a  

^a NAGOYA UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

Author keywords

Altered mafic ultramafic rocks; Archean; Geochemistry; Origin; Pilbara

Indexed keywords

ARCHEAN; CLASTIC ROCK; CONTINENTAL CRUST; CRUSTAL EVOLUTION; HYDROTHERMAL ALTERATION; HYDROTHERMAL FLUID; KOMATIITE; MAGMATISM; MANTLE; SEDIMENTATION; SILICIFICATION; ULTRAMAFIC ROCK; WEATHERING;

AUSTRALASIA; AUSTRALIA; PILBARA BLOCK; WESTERN AUSTRALIA;

EID: 33751356902     PISSN: 00167002     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2343/geochemj.40.523     Document Type: Article

References (60)

1. Anders, E. and Grevesse, N. (1989) Abundances of the elements: meteoritic and solar. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 53, 197-214.
2. Arndt, N. T. (1994) Archean komatiites. Archean Crustal Evolution. Developments in Precambrian Geology 11 (Condie, K. C., ed.), 11-44, Elsevier, Amsterdam.
3. Arndt, N. T. and Jenner, G. A. (1986) Crustally contaminated komatiites and basalts from Kambalda, Western Australia. Chem. Geol. 56, 229-255.
4. Arndt, N. T., Teixeira, N. A. and White, W. M. (1989) Bizarre geochemistry of komatiites from the Crixás greenstone belt, Brazil. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 101, 187-197.
5. Barley, M. E. (1993) Volcanic, sedimentary and tectonostratigraphic environments of the ∼3.46 Ga Warrawoona Megasequence: a review. Precambrian Res. 60, 47-67.
6. Budd, A. R., Hazell, M., Sedgmen, A. and Sedgmen, L. (Kilgour, B., compiler) (2002) OZCHEM National Whole Rock Geochemistry Database (Digital Dataset). Geoscience Australia, Canberra.
7. Buick, R., Thornett, J. R., McNaughton, N. J., Smith, J. B., Barley, M. E. and Savage, M. (1995) Record of emergent continental crust ∼3.5 billion years ago in the Pilbara Craton of Australia. Nature 375, 574-577.
8. Cattell, A. (1987) Enriched komatiitic basalts from Newton Township, Ontario: their genesis by crustal contamination of depleted komatiite magma. Geol. Mag. 124, 303-309.
9. Cattell, A. and Arndt, N. (1987) Low- and high-alumina komatiites from a Late Archean sequence, Newton Township, Ontario. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 97, 218-227.
10. Condie, K. C. (ed.) (1981) Archean greenstone belts. Developments in Precambrian Geology 3, 67-130, Elsevier, Amsterdam.
11. Condie, K. C. (1993) Chemical composition and evolution of the upper continental crust: contrasting results from surface samples and shales. Chem. Geol. 104, 1-37.
12. Condie, K. C. and Wronkiewicz, D. J. (1990) The Cr/Th ratio in Precambrian pelites from the Kaapvaal Craton as an index of cratonic evolution. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 97, 256-267.
13. Condie, K. C., Viljoen, M. J. and Kable, E. J. D. (1977) Effects of alteration on element distributions in Archean tholeiites from the Barberton greenstone belt, South Africa. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 64, 75-89.
14. Cullers, R. L., DiMarco, M. J., Lowe, D. R. and Stone, J. (1993) Geochemistry of a silicified, felsic volcaniclastic suite from the early Archean Panorama Formation, Pilbara Block, Western Australia: an evaluation of depositional and post-depositional processes with special emphasis on the rare-earth elements. Precambrian Res. 60, 99-116.
15. Duchač, K. C. and Hanor, J. S. (1987) Origin and timing of the metasomatic silicification of an early Archean komatiite sequence, Barberton Mountain Land, South Africa. Precambrian Res. 37, 125-146.
16. Enami, M., Mizukami, T. and Yokoyama, K. (2004) Metamorphic evolution of garnet-bearing ultramafic rocks from the Gongen area, Sambagawa belt, Japan. J. Metamorphic Geol. 22, 1-15.
17. Gao, S. and Wedepohl, K. H. (1995) The negative Eu anomaly in Archean sedimentary rocks: Implications for decomposition, age and importance of their granitic sources. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 133, 81-94.
18. Glikson, A. Y. and Hickman, A. H. (1981) Geochemical stratigraphy and petrogenesis of Archaean basic-ultrabasic volcanic units, eastern Pilbara Block, Western Australia. Spec. Publs Geol. Soc. Aust. 7, 287-300.
19. Green, M. G., Sylvester, P. J. and Buick, R. (2000) Growth and recycling of early Archaean continental crust: geochemical evidence from the Coonterunah and Warrawoona Groups, Pilbara Craton, Australia. Tectonophysics 322, 69-88.
20. Gruau, G., Tourpin, S., Fourcade, S. and Blais, S. (1992) Loss of isotopic (Nd, O) and chemical (REE) memory during metamorphism of komatiites; new evidence from eastern Finland. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 112, 68-82.
21. Hayashi, T., Tanimizu, M. and Tanaka, T. (2004) Origin of negative Ce anomalies in Barberton sedimentary rocks, deduced from La-Ce and Sm-Nd isotope systematics. Precambrian Res. 135, 345-357.
22. Hickman, A. H. (1983) Geology of the Pilbara Block and its environs. West. Aust. Geol. Surv. Bull., 127.
23. Jochum, K. P., Arndt, N. T. and Hofmann, A. W. (1991) Nb-Th-La in komatiites and basalts: constraints on komatiite petrogenesis and mantle evolution. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 107, 272-289.
24. Kitajima, K., Maruyama, S., Utsunomiya, A. and Liou, J. G. (2001) Seafloor hydrothermal alteration at an Archaean mid-ocean ridge. J. Metamorphic Geol. 19, 583-599.
25. Lowe, D. R. (1980) Stromatolites 3,400-Myr old from the Archean of Western Australia. Nature 284, 441-443.
26. Lowe, D. R. (1983) Restricted shallow-water sedimentation of Early Archean stromatolitic and evaporitic strata of the Strelley Pool Chert, Pilbara Block, Western Australia. Precambrian Res. 19, 239-283.
27. Lowe D. R. (1999) Petrology and sedimentology of cherts and related silicified sedimentary rocks in the Swaziland Supergroup. Geol. Soc. Am. Spec. Paper 329, 83-114.
28. McCuaig, T. C., Kerrich, R. and Xie, Q. (1994) Phosphorus and high field strength element anomalies in Archean high-magnesian magmas as possible indicators of source mineralogy and depth. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 124, 221-239.
29. McNaughton, N. J., Compston, W. and Barley, M. E. (1993) Constraints on the age of the Warrawoona Group, eastern Pilbara Block, Western Australia. Precambrian Res. 60, 69-98.
30. Morton, R. L. and Nebel, M. J. (1984) Hydrothermal alteration of felsic volcanic rocks at the Helen siderite deposit. Wawa, Ontario. Econ. Geol. 79, 1319-1333.
31. 2 sink in the Early Archean. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 68, 4595-4618.
32. Nisbet, E. G., Martin, A., Bickle, M. J. and Orpen, J. L. (1993) The Ngezi Group: Komatiite, basalts and stromatolites on continental crust. The Geology of the Belingwe Greenstone Belt, Zimbabwe. Geol. Soc. Zimbabwe Special Publication 2 (Bickle, M. J. and Nisbet, E. G., eds.), 121-165.
33. Orpen, J. L., Martin, A., Bickle, M. J. and Nisbet, E. G. (1993) The Mtshingwe Group in the west: Andesite, basalts, komatiites and sediments of the Hokonui, Bend and Koodoovale Formations. The Geology of the Belingwe Greenstone Belt, Zimbabwe. Geol. Soc. Zimbabwe Special Publication 2 (Bickle, M. J. and Nisbet, E. G., eds.), 69-86.
34. Pohl, W., Anouri, M., Kolli, O., Scheffer, R. and Zachmann, D. (1986) A new genetic model for the North African metasomatic siderite deposits. Mineral. Deposita 21, 228-233.
35. Polat, A. and Hofmann, A. W. (2003) Alteration and geochemical patterns in the 3.7-3.8 Ga Isua greenstone belt, West Greenland. Precambrian Res. 126, 197-218.
36. Polat, A., Kerrich, R. and Wyman, D. A. (1999) Geochemical diversity in oceanic komatiites and basalts from the late Archean Wawa greenstone belts, Superior Province, Canada: trace element and Nd isotope evidence for a heterogeneous mantle. Precambrian Res. 94, 139-173.
37. Polat, A., Hofmann, A. W. and Rosing, M. T. (2002) Boninite-like volcanic rocks in the 3.7-3.8 Ga Isua greenstone belt, West Greenland: geochemical evidence for intra-oceanic subduction zone processes in the early Earth. Chem. Geol. 184, 231-254.
38. Rudnick, R. L. and Fountain, D. M. (1995) Nature and composition of the continental crust: a lower mantle perspective. Rev. Geophys. 33, 267-309.
39. Salvi, S. and Williams-Jones, A. E. (1996) The role of hydrothermal processes in concentrating high-field strength elements in the Strange Lake peralkaline complex, northeastern Canada. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 60, 1917-1932.
40. Shibata, S., Tanaka, T., Minami, M., Senda, R., Takebe, M., Kachi, T., Kondo, M., Oda, S., Hayashi, T., Nishizawa, K. and Kojima, H. (2001) The procedure and accuracy of INAA for geological materials by new γ-ray counting and data processing system at Radioisotope Center in Nagoya University. Bull. Nagoya Univ. Museum 17, 15-32.
41. Smith, H. S., Erlank, A. J. and Duncan, A. R. (1980) Geochemistry of some ultramafic komatiite lava flows from the Barberton Mountain Land, South Africa. Precambrian Res. 11, 399-415.
42. Smith, H. S., O'Neil, J. R. and Erlank, A. J. (1984) Oxygen isotope compositions of minerals and rocks and chemical alteration patterns in pillow lavas from the Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa. Archean Geochemistry (The Origin and Evolution of the Archean Continental Crust) (Kröner, A. et al., eds.), 115-137, Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
43. Smithies, R. H. (2002) De Grey, W.A. Sheet 2757: Western Australia Geological Survey, 1:100,000 Geological Series.
44. Smithies, R. H., Van Kranendonk, M. J. and Champion, D. C. (2005) It started with a plume - early Archaean basaltic proto-continental crust. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 238, 284-297.
45. Smithies, R. H., Hickman, A. H. and Nelson, D. R. (1999) New constraints on the evolution of the Mallina Basin, and their bearing on relationships between the contrasting eastern and western granite-greenstone terranes of Archaean Pilbara Craton, Western Australia. Precambrian Res. 94, 11-28.
46. Smithies, R. H., Champion, D. C. and Cassidy, K. F. (2003) Formation of Earth's early Archaean continental crust. Precambrian Res., 127, 89-101.
47. Sugisaki, R., Shimomura, T. and Ando, K. (1977) An automatic X-ray fluorescence method for the analysis of silicate rocks. Jour. Geol. Soc. Jpn. 83, 725-733 (in Japanese).
48. Sugitani, K. (2000) Al-Ti-Cr-Zr systematics of Archean igneous rocks and its application to metasomatically-silicified igneous rocks and provenance analyses of sedimentary rocks. Stud. Inform. Sci. Nagoya Univ. 12, 1-17 (in Japanese).
49. Sugitani, K. and Mimura, K. (1998) Redox change in sedimentary environments of Triassic bedded cherts, central Japan: possible reflection of sea-level change. Geol. Mag. 135, 735-753.
50. 2 values for Archean cherts from the Pilbara Block, Western Australia-possible evidence for extensive chemical weathering on the early earth. Precambrian Res. 80, 49-76.
51. Sugitani, K., Mimura, K., Suzuki, K., Nagamine, K. and Sugisaki, R. (2003) Stratigraphy and sedimentary petrology of an Archean volcanic-sedimentary succession at Mt. Goldsworthy in the Pilbara Block, Western Australia: implications of evaporite (nahcolite) and barite deposition. Precambrian Res. 120, 55-79.
52. Sun, S.-S. and Nesbitt, R. W. (1978) Petrogenesis of Archaean ultrabasic and basic volcanics: Evidence from rare earth elements. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 65, 301-325.
53. Sun, S.-S., Nesbitt, R. W. and McCulloch, M. T. (1989) Geochemistry and petrogenesis of Archaean and early Proterozoic siliceous high-magnesian basalts. Boninites (Crawford, A. J., ed.) 148-173, Unwin Hyman, London.
54. Taylor, S. R. and McLennan, S. M. (1985) The Continental Crust: Its Composition and Evolution. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford.
55. Thorpe, R. I., Hickman, A. H., Davis, D. W., Mortensen, J. K. and Trendall, A. F. (1992) U-Pb zircon geochronology of Archaean felsic units in the Marble Bar region, Pilbara Craton, Western Australia. Precambrian Res. 56, 169-189.
56. Tourpin, S., Gruau, G., Blais, S. and Fourcade, S. (1991) Resetting of REE, and Nd and Sr isotopes during carbonitization of a komatiite flow from Finland. Chem. Geol. 90, 15-29.
57. Van Kranendonk, M. J. and Pirajno, F. (2004) Geochemistry of metabasalts and hydrothermal alteration zones associated with c. 3.45 Ga chert and barite deposits: implications for the geological setting of the Warrwoona Group, Pilbara Craton, Australia. Explor. Environ. Anal. 4, 253-278.
58. Van Kranendonk, M. J., Hickman, A. H., Smithies, R. H. and Nelson, D. R. (2002) Geology and tectonic evolution of the Archean North Pilbara Terrain, Pilbara Craton, Western Australia. Econ. Geol. 97, 695-732.
59. Van Kranendonk, M. J., Smithies, H., Hickman, A. H., Bagas, L., Williams, I. R. and Farrell, T. R. (2004) Event stratigraphy applied to 700 million years of Archaean crustal evolution, Pilbara Craton, Western Australia. Annual Review 2003-4, Geological Survey of Western Australia, 49-61.
60. Xie, Q., Kerrich, R. and Fan, J. (1993) HFSE/REE fractionations recorded in three komatiite-basalt sequences, Archean Abitibi greenstone belt: Implications for multiple plume sources and depths. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 57, 4111-4118.