Transformative technology and institutional transformation: Coevolution of biotechnology venture firms and the institutional framework in Japan

Research Policy

Volumn 35, Issue 9, 2006, Pages 1389-1422

  Lynskey, Michael J ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

^b HITOTSUBASHI UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

Author keywords

Biotechnology; Coevolution; Entrepreneurship; Institutional change; Japan; Venture firms

Indexed keywords

BIOTECHNOLOGY; SOCIETIES AND INSTITUTIONS; STRATEGIC PLANNING; TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER;

COEVOLUTION; ENTREPRENEURSHIP; INSTITUTIONAL CHANGE; JAPAN; VENTURE FIRMS;

INDUSTRIAL MANAGEMENT;

EID: 33751017375     PISSN: 00487333     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.respol.2006.07.003     Document Type: Article

References (139)

1. Abe M. Corporate governance structure and employment adjustment in Japan: an empirical analysis using corporate financial data. Industrial Relations 41 (2002) 683-702
2. Afuah A.N., and Utterback J.M. Responding to structural industry changes: a technological evolution perspective. Industrial and Corporate Change 6 1 (1997) 183-202
3. Aldrich H.E., and Fiol C.M. Fools rush in? The institutional context of industry creation. Academy of Management Review 19 (1994) 645-670
4. Arthur B. Competing technologies, increasing returns and lock-ins by historical events. Economic Journal 99 394 (1988) 116-131
5. Audretsch D.B., and Stephan P.E. Company-scientist locational links: the case of biotechnology. The American Economic Review 86 3 (1996) 641-652
6. AUTM. AUTM Licensing Survey: Fiscal Year 1998 (1999), Association of University Technology Managers (AUTM), Northbrook, IL
7. Barnett R. Beyond All Reason: Living with Ideology in the University (2003), Open University Press, Maidenhead, Berkshire
8. Bartholomew S. National systems of biotechnology innovation: complex interdependence in the global system. Journal of International Business Studies 28 (1997) 241-266
9. Bio-industry Technology Strategy Committee (Baio sangyo gijutsu senryaku iinkai). Baio sangyo gijutsu kokka senryaku [Bio-industry technology national strategy] (1999), JABEX, Tokyo (in Japanese)
10. Boeker W.P. Organizational origins: entrepreneurial and environmental imprinting at the time of founding. In: Carroll G.R. (Ed). Ecological Models of Organizations (1988), Ballinger, Cambridge, MA 33-51
11. Bottles K. Timing and the transitory nature of biotech startups. The Physician Executive (2001) 55-57
12. Bullock M.P.D. Academic Enterprise, Industrial Innovation and the Development of High Technology Financing in the United States (1983), Brand Bros, London
13. Busenitz L.W., Gomez C., and Spencer J.W. Country institutional profiles: unlocking entrepreneurial phenomena. Academy of Management Journal 43 5 (2000) 994-1003
14. Carlsson B., and Stankiewicz R. On the nature, functions and composition of technological systems. Journal of Evolutionary Economics 2 (1991) 93-118
15. Carlsson B., Holmén M., Jacobsson S., Rickne A., and Stankiewicz R. The analytical approach and methodology. In: Carlsson B. (Ed). Technological Systems in the Bio Industries: An International Study (2002), Kluwer Press 9-33
16. Casper S. Institutional adaptiveness, technology policy, and the diffusion of new business models: the case of German biotechnology. Organization Studies 21 5 (2000) 887-914
17. Cheng M.M., and Kallenberg A.L. Labor market structures in Japan: an analysis of organizational and occupational mobility patterns. Social Forces 74 4 (1996) 1235-1260
18. Chigira Y. Economic Indicators Exchange - DG III/MITI (2001), JBA, Tokyo
19. Cyranoski D. Japan's academics get green light to make their fortunes. Nature 410 6828 (2001) 504
20. Dalton R. Biotech funding deal judged to be a 'mistake' for Berkeley. Nature 430 598 (2004) 5
21. Dasgupta P., and Stiglitz J. Industrial structure and the nature of innovation activity. Economic Journal 90 358 (1980) 266-293
22. Deeds D., Decarolis D., and Coombs J. Dynamic capabilities and new product development in high technology ventures: an empirical analysis of new biotechnology firms. Journal of Business Venturing 15 (1999) 211-229
23. Dibner M.D., and White R.S. Biotechnology Japan (1989), McGraw-Hill, New York
24. DiMaggio P.J. Interest and agency in institutional theory. In: Zucker L.G. (Ed). Institutional Patterns and Organizations: Culture and Environment (1988), Ballinger, Cambridge, MA 3-21
25. DiMaggio P.J., and Powell W.W. The iron cage revisited: institutional isomorphism and collective rationality in organizational fields. American Sociological Review 48 (1983) 147-160
26. Dosi G. Technological paradigms and technological trajectories: the determinants and directions of technical change and the transformation of the economy. In: Freeman C. (Ed). Long Waves in the World Economy (1984), Pinter, London 78-101
27. Dunning J.H. The Globalization of Business: The Challenge of the 1990s (1993), Routledge, London
28. Edquist C., and Johnson B. Institutions and Organizations in Systems of Innovation. In: Edquist C. (Ed). System of Innovation: Technologies, Institutions and Organizations (1997), Pinter/Cassel, London 41-60 (Part I, Chapter 2)
29. Ernst and Young, 1998. European Life Sciences Report 1998. Ernst and Young, London.
30. Ernst and Young, 2002. Beyond Borders. The Global Biotechnology Report 2002. Ernst and Young, London.
31. Financial Times, 2006. Japan is Back. Financial Times Report.
32. Freeman C. The diffusion of biotechnology through the economy: the time scale. OECD, Biotechnology: Economic and Wider Impacts (1989), OECD, Paris 44-55
33. Freeman C., and Perez C. Structural crises of adjustment, business cycles and investment behaviour. In: Dosi G., Freeman C., Nelson R., Silverberg G., and Soete L. (Eds). Technical Change and Economic Theory (1988), Pinter, London 38-66
34. Fujigaki Y., and Nagata A. Concept evolution in science and technology policy: the process of change in relationship among university, industry, and government. Science and Public Policy 25 6 (1998) 387-395
35. Fujita K. Neo-industrial Tokyo: urban development and globalization in Japan's state-centred developmental capitalism. Urban Studies 40 2 (2003) 249-281
36. Furuya T. Genomu souyaku no benchaa "Farumadezain" The first genome-based drug discovery company "PharmaDesign. Inc.". Global Outsourcing Review 2 3 (2000) 36-37
37. Hamlin K. Opening Japan's capital markets. Institutional Investor 34 6 (2000) 67-72
38. Harris R. Industrializing English Law: Entrepreneurship and Business Organization, 1720-1844 (2000), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
39. Hughes A., and Brien J. The new tax rules for university spin-outs: an answer to all our problems?. Journal of Commercial Biotechnology 12 2 (2006) 99-104
40. Ikawa M. Where is the Japanese economy headed?. Pacific Economic Review 10 4 (2005) 493-514
41. IMS Health. IMS World Review (2005), IMS Health, Fairfield, CT
42. Itai A. Gouriteki na doraggu dezain no genjyou [Recent development in rational drug design]. Global Outsourcing Review 2 3 (2000) 34-35 (in Japanese)
43. Itai A. Genomu souyaku no tame no seibutsu jyohou tougou purattofoomu KeyMolnet [KeyMolnet: a bioinformatics integration platform for genomics-based drug discovery]. Global Outsourcing Review 5 4 (2003) 50-53 (in Japanese)
44. Jackson K., and Tomika M. The Changing Face of Japanese Management (2003), Routledge, London
45. Japan Bioindustry Association (JBA). Member Company Directory 1996 (1996), Japan Bioindustry Association, Tokyo
46. Japan Bioindustry Association (JBA). Daigaku nado no kenkyuseika wo waga kuni no baioindasutorii no shinkou ni yakudaterutameni [The use of research results at universities and other institutes for the promotion of the bioindustry in Japan] (1998), Japan Bioindustry Association, Tokyo (in Japanese)
47. Japan Bioindustry Association (JBA). Statistical analysis of Japanese "bioventures". Japan Bioindustry Letters 20 (1) (2003), Japan Bioindustry Association, Tokyo
48. Japan Bioindustry Association (JBA). Bioventure statistics results. Japan Bioindustry Letters 21 (3-1) (2005), Japan Bioindustry Association, Tokyo
49. Japan Bioindustry Association (JBA), 2006. Bioventure statistics results. Japan Bioindustry Letters 23 (1). Japan Bioindustry Association, Tokyo.
50. Japan External Trade Organization (JETRO), 2006. Transformation of Japanese corporate sector creating virtuous cycle. JETRO Focus Newsletter, January, p. 6.
51. Japan Patent Office (JPO), 2002. Annual Report 2001. Japan Patent Office, Tokyo.
52. Japan Patent Office (JPO), 2001a. Baiotekunoroji kikan gijutsu ni kansuru gijutsu doko chosa.
53. Japan Patent Office (JPO), 2001b. Baiotekunoroji no iryo bunya he no oyo ni kansuru gijutsu doko chosa.
54. Kato T. The end of lifetime employment in Japan? Evidence from national surveys and field research. Journal of the Japanese and International Economies 15 4 (2001) 489-514
55. Klepper S., and Graddy E. The evolution of new industries and the determinants of market structure. Rand Journal of Economics 21 1 (1990) 27-44
56. Kong S.-K. The competitiveness of biotechnology in Japan. International Journal of Biotechnology 3 1/2 (2001) 184-198
57. Lehrer M., and Asakawa K. Rethinking the public sector: idiosyncrasies of biotechnology commercialization as motors of national R&D reform in Germany and Japan. Research Policy 33 6/7 (2004) 921-938
58. Lincoln J.R., and Nakata Y. The transformation of the Japanese employment system: nature, depth, and origins. Work and Occupations 24 1 (1997) 33-55
59. Lundgren A. Technological Innovation and Network Evolution (1994), Routledge, London
60. Lynskey M.J. The transfer of resources and competencies for developing technological capabilities: the case of Fujitsu-ICL. Technology Analysis and Strategic Management 11 3 (1999) 317-336
61. Lynskey M.J. Technological distance, spatial distance and sources of knowledge: Japanese 'new entrants' in 'new' biotechnology. In: Burgelman R.A., and Chesbrough H. (Eds). Comparative Studies of Technological Evolution (2001), JAI Press (Elsevier), Oxford 127-205
62. Lynskey M.J. A profile of biotechnology and information technology venture firms in Japan: firm-level and managerial characteristics. International Journal of Biotechnology 5 2 (2003) 105-124
63. Lynskey M.J. Determinants of innovative activity in Japanese technology-based start-up firms. International Small Business Journal 22 2 (2004) 159-196
64. Lynskey M.J. Knowledge, finance and human capital: the role of social institutional variables on entrepreneurship in Japan. Industry and Innovation 11 4 (2004) 373-405
65. Lynskey M.J. Knowledge spillovers from public research institutes: evidence from Japanese high-technology start-up firms. Proceedings of the 13th Annual International High Technology Small Firms (HTSF) Conference, on the theme of Academic Enterprise. Manchester Business School, University of Manchester May 26-27, 2005 (2005)
66. Lynskey, M.J., 2005b. Brewing up new technological capabilities: how corporate entrepreneurship enabled Japanese breweries to enter the biopharmaceutical industry. In: Proceedings of the 2nd Corporate Entrepreneurship Conference, Harvard Business School, Harvard University, USA, December 9-10, 2005.
67. Lynskey M.J. The dismantling of redundant dichotomies: biotechnology as an exemplar of university-industry collaboration. Journal of Commercial Biotechnology 12 2 (2006) 127-147
68. Lynskey, M.J., 2006b. Aligning strategy and intellectual property to maximise business value: a proposal for new technology-based firms. International Journal of Intellectual Property Management, in press.
69. Lynskey M.J., and Yonekura S. Softbank: an Internet keiretsu and its leveraging of information asymmetries. European Management Journal 19 1 (2001) 1-15
70. Matanle P. Japanese Capitalism and Modernity in a Global Era: Refabricating Lifetime Employment Relations (2003), RoutledgeCurzon, London
71. McKelvey M. Evolutionary Innovations: The Business of Biotechnology (1996), Oxford University Press, Oxford
72. Metcalfe S. Technology systems and technology policy in an evolutionary framework. In: Archibugi D., and Michie J. (Eds). Technology, Globalization and Economic Performance (1997), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
73. Miyata M. Towards a new era in biotechnology. Science and Technology in Japan 50 (1994) 10-13
74. Miyata M. Sude ni nihon no baio gyokai ha beikoku ni 'daiichi jihaisen' wo kisshi shita. Ekonomisuto (2000) 50-51
75. Morishita R. Idenshi iyakuhin no kaihatsu ni mukete: Kokunaihatsu no baiobenchā kigyou "medojiin" no setsuritsu to sono houshin [Adventure in gene therapy: "MedGene" as the first academic bio-venture business in Japan and its direction]. Global Outsourcing Review 2 1 (2000) 12-13 (in Japanese)
76. Morris-Suzuki T. The Technological Transformation of Japan: From the Seventeenth to the Twenty-first Century (1994), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
77. Murmann J.P. Knowledge and Competitive Advantage: The Coevolution of Firms, Technology and National Institutions (2003), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
78. Murmann J., Aldrich H., Levinthal D., and Winter S. Evolutionary thought in management and organization theory at the beginning of the new millennium. Journal of Management Inquiry 12 (2003) 22-40
79. Nelson R.R. Institutions supporting technical change in the United States. In: Dosi G., Freeman C., Nelson R., Silverberg G., and Soete L. (Eds). Technical Change and Economic Theory (1988), Pinter, London 312-329
80. Nelson R. The coevolution of technology, industrial structure and supporting institutions. Industrial and Corporate Change 3 1 (1994) 47-63
81. Nelson R. Coevolution of industry structure, technology and supporting institutions, and the making of comparative advantage. International Journal of the Economics of Business 2 2 (1995) 171-184
82. Nelson R., and Rosenberg N. Technical innovation and national systems. In: Nelson R. (Ed). National Innovation Systems (1993), Oxford University Press, Oxford
83. Nikkei Business Publications (NikkeiBP). Nikkei Bio96 (1996), Nikkei Business Publications, Tokyo
84. Nihon Keizai Shimbun, 2001. Baio benchaa toshi netsu [Bio-venture investment fever]. 25 September, p. 17 (in Japanese).
85. Nikkei Weekly, 2006. Shaking off long slump, Japan looks to era of strength. 44 (Special Issue) 6 March, p. 1.
86. Oakey R. Placing the contributions in context. In: Oakey R. (Ed). New Technology-Based Firms in the 1990s (1994), Paul Chapman Publishing Ltd., London
87. Oakey R., Faulkner W., Cooper S., and Walsh V. New Firms in the Biotechnology Industry: Their Contribution to Innovation and Growth (1990), Pinter, London
88. OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development). Accessing and Expanding the Science and Technology Base. DSTI/STP/TIP (1994), OECD, Paris
89. OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development). The Well-being of Nations: the Role of Human and Social Capital (2001), OECD, Paris
90. OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development). Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard (2001), OECD, Paris
91. Orlikowski W.A. The duality of technology: rethinking the concept of technology in organizations. Organization Science 3 (1992) 398-427
92. Orsenigo L. The Emergence of Biotechnology (1989), Pinter, London
93. Owen G. Where are the big gorillas? High technology entrepreneurship in the UK and the role of public policy. Diebold Institute for Public Policy Studies (2004)
94. Perez C. Structural change and the assimilation of new technologies in the economic and social system. Futures 15 5 (1983) 357-375
95. Persides A. Strategies of biotechnology firms towards new platform technologies. International Journal of Biotechnology 3 1/2 (2001) 23-32
96. PharmaJapan, 1995. 'We want to provide challenging opportunities to young scientists': Mr. Yoshida of Amgen KK. July 31, 1995.
97. Powell W.W., Koput K.W., and Smith-Doerr L. Interorganizational collaboration and the locus of innovation: networks of learning in biotechnology. Administrative Science Quarterly 1 41 (1996) 116-145
98. Reiss T. Success factors for biotechnology: lessons from Japan. Germany and Great Britain. International Journal of Biotechnology 3 1/2 (2001) 134-156
99. Reuber R.A., and Fischer E.M. Entrepreneurs' experience, expertise, and the performance of technology-based firms. IEEE Transactions in Engineering Management 41 4 (1994) 365-374
100. Reynolds, P.D., Hay, M., Bygrave, W.D., Camp, S.M., Autio, E., 2000. Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) 2000 Executive Report. Kansas, MO: Kauffman Center for Entrepreneurial Leadership, Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation.
101. Reynolds, P.D., Camp, S.M., Bygrave, W.D., Autio, E., Hay, M., 2001. Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) 2001 Executive Report. Kauffman Center for Entrepreneurial Leadership, Kansas City, MO.
102. Roberts E. Entrepreneurs in High-Technology: Lessons from MIT and Beyond (1991), Oxford University Press, Oxford
103. Roberts E.B., and Hauptmann O. The process of technology transfer to the new biomedical and pharmaceutical firm. Research Policy 15 3 (1986) 107-119
104. Roberts E.B. Initial capital for the new technological enterprise. IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management 37 2 (1990) 81-94
105. Rosenkopf L., and Tushman M.L. The coevolution of technology and organization. In: Baum J.A.C., and Singh J.V. (Eds). Evolutionary Dynamics of Organizations (1994), Oxford University Press, Oxford 403-424
106. Sangyo Kiban Seibi Kikin (Industrial Structure Improvement Fund), 2001. Heisei 12 nendo TLO no genjou to kadai ni kansuru chousa houkokusho (TLO survey results for year 2000). Sangyo Kiban Seibi Kikin, Tokyo.
107. Saxenian A. Regional Advantage. Culture and Competition in Silicon Valley and Route 128 (1994), Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA
108. Schmid R.D. Biotechnology in Japan: A Comprehensive Guide (1991), Springer-Verlag, Berlin
109. Science and Technology Agency (STA), 1997. White Paper on Science and Technology. Science and Technology Agency, Tokyo.
110. Scott W.R. Institutions and organizations: towards a theoretical synthesis. In: Scott W.R., and Meyer J.W. (Eds). Institutional Environments and Organizations: Structural Complexity and Individualism (1994), Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, CA
111. Scott W.R. Institutions and Organizations (1995), Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, CA
112. Small Medium Enterprise Agency. New Public Policy Initiatives on SMEs in Japan (1999), Douyukan, Tokyo (in Japanese)
113. Solow R.M. Economic history and economics. American Economic Association Papers and Proceedings 75 (1985) 325-332
114. Stinchcombe A.L. Social structure and organizations. In: March J.G. (Ed). Handbook of Organizations (1965), Rand McNally, Chicago 142-193
115. Suchman M.C. Localism and globalism in institutional analysis: the emergence of contractual norms in venture finance. In: Scott W.R., and Christensen S. (Eds). The Institutional Construction of Organizations: International and Longitudinal Studies (1995), Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA
116. Sunao O. The ossification of university faculties. Japan Quarterly 35 (1988) 157-162
117. Swanson R.A. Policies to stimulate growth: the view from a new industry. In: Panel on Advanced Technology Competition, Office of International Affairs, and National Research Council (Eds). The Race for the New Frontier: International Competition in Advanced Technology: Decisions for America (1983), National Academy Press, New York
118. Thomas S.M., Davies A.R.W., Birtwistle N.J., Crowther S.M., and Burke J.F. Ownership of the human genome. Nature 380 6573 (1996) 387-388
119. Tojo Y., Takahashi M., and Tajima H. Tērāmeido shindan wo mezashita zenjidou SNP taipingu bunseki [Fully automated SNPs typing analysis towards tailor-made diagnostics]. Global Outsourcing Review 5 4 (2003) 71-74 (in Japanese)
120. Toyo Trust Bank. Mireniamu purojekuto de chūmoku sareru baiotekunorojī (2001), Toyo Trust Bank, Tokyo
121. Tsugawa R. R&D strategy of bioindustry-a Japanese perspective. Science and Technology in Japan 59 15 (1997) 45-59
122. 21st Century Bio-industry Founding Conference, 1998. 21 seiki baio sangyō rikkoku kondankai hokokusho. 21 seiki baio sangyō rikkoku kondankai, Tokyo.
123. Utterback J., Meyer M., Roberts E., and Reitberger G. Technology and industrial innovation in Sweden: a study of technology-based firms formed between 1965 and 1980. Research Policy 17 (1988) 15-26
124. Utterback J.M., and Suarez F.F. Innovation, competition, and industry structure. Research Policy 22 1 (1993) 1-21
125. Van de Ven A.H., and Garud R. The coevolution of technical and institutional events in the development of an innovation. In: Baum J.A.C., and Singh J.V. (Eds). Evolutionary Dynamics of Organizations (1994), Oxford University Press, Oxford 425-443
126. Venture Capital Journal, 1981. Special Report-Applied Genetics. May 1981.
127. Volberda H.W., and Lewin A.Y. Coevolutionary dynamics within and between firms: from evolution to coevolution. Journal of Management Studies 40 (2003) 2111-2136
128. Walsh V. Demand, public markets and innovation in biotechnology. Science and Public Policy 20 3 (1993) 138-156
129. Washburn J. University Inc.: The Corporate Corruption of Higher Education (2005), Basic Books, New York
130. Westney E.D. Imitation and Innovation: The Transfer of Western Organizational Patterns to Meiji Japan (1987), Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA
131. Whitley R.D. Taking firms seriously as economic actors: towards a sociology of firm behaviour. Organization Studies 8 (1987) 125-147
132. Whitley R. The social construction of organizations and markets: the comparative analysis of business recipes. In: Reed M., and Hughes M. (Eds). Rethinking Organization: New Directions in Organization Theory and Analysis (1992), Sage Publications, London 120-143
133. Whitley R. Developing innovative competences: the role of institutional frameworks. Industrial and Corporate Change 11 3 (2002) 497-528
134. Winter S.G. Survival, selection, and inheritance in evolutionary theories or organization. In: Singh J.V. (Ed). Organizational Evolution: New Directions (1990), Sage, Newbury Park, CA
135. Yonekura S., and Lynskey M.J. Why Japan needs start-ups. Journal of Japanese Trade and Industry 19 4 (2000) 10-13
136. Yonekura S., and Lynskey M.J. Nothing ventured, nothing gained: sustaining entrepreneurship in Japan. In: Atwater M.-J., and Fujimatsu I. (Eds). Proceedings of the Entrepreneurship in Asia Expert Workshop on Entrepreneurship in Asia: Playbook for Prosperity. July 8-10, 2002 (2003), The Mansfield Center for Pacific Affairs, Washington, DC
137. Ziman J. An Introduction to Science Studies: The Philosophical and Social Aspects of Technology. (1984), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
138. Zucker L. Institutionalization and cultural persistence. American Sociological Review 42 5 (1977) 726-743
139. Zucker L.G., and Darby M.R. Star-scientist linkages to firms in APEC and European countries: indicators of regional institutional differences affecting competitive advantage. International Journal of Biotechnology 1 1 (1999) 119-131