Population systematics of chimpanzees using molar morphometrics

Journal of Human Evolution

Volumn 51, Issue 6, 2006, Pages 646-662

  Pilbrow, Varsha ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA CHAMPAIGN   (United States)

Author keywords

Dental variation; Digital image analysis; Molar metrics; Paleontological species discrimination; Pan

Indexed keywords

MORPHOLOGY; MORPHOMETRY; PALEONTOLOGY; PRIMATE; TAXONOMY; TOOTH;

AFRICA; CAMEROON; NIGERIA; SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; WEST AFRICA;

PAN; PAN PANISCUS; PAN TROGLODYTES;

EID: 33750742727     PISSN: 00472484     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2006.07.008     Document Type: Article

References (88)

1. Albrecht G.H., and Miller J.M.A. Geographic variation in primates: a review with implications for interpreting fossils. In: Kimbel W.H., and Martin L.B. (Eds). Species, Species Concepts, and Primate Evolution (1993), Plenum Press, New York 123-161
2. Albrecht G.H., Gelvin B.R., and Miller J.M.A. The hierarchy of intraspecific craniometric variation in gorillas: a population-thinking approach with implications for fossil species recognition studies. In: Taylor A.B., and Goldsmith M.L. (Eds). Gorilla Biology (2003), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 62-103
3. 1s. J. Anat. 205 (2004) 323-331
4. Braga, J.C., 1995. Définition de certains caractères discrets crâniens chez Pongo, Gorilla, et Pan. Perspectives taxonomiques et phylogénétiques. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Bordeaux.
5. Braga J.C. Chimpanzee variation facilitates the interpretation of the incisive suture closure in South African Plio-Pleistocene hominids. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 105 (1998) 121-135
6. Caccone A., and Powell J.R. DNA divergence among hominoids. Evolution 43 (1989) 925-942
7. Cartmill M. A critique of homology as a morphological concept. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 94 (1994) 115-123
8. Colyn M.M. Distribution of guenons in the Zaire-Lualaba-Lomami river system. In: Gautier-Hion A., Bourlière F., Gautier J.-P., and Kingdon J. (Eds). A Primate Radiation: Evolutionary Biology of the African Guenons (1988), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 104-124
9. Colyn M., Gautier-Hion A., and Verheyen W. A re-appraisal of paleoenvironmental history in central Africa: evidence for a major fluvial refuge in the Zaire basin. J. Biogeogr. 18 (1991) 403-407
10. Coolidge H.J. Pan paniscus: Pygmy chimpanzee from south of the Congo River. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 18 (1933) 1-57
11. Cope D.A. Measures of dental variation as indicators of multiple taxa in samples of sympatric Cercopithecus species. In: Kimbel W.H., and Martin L.B. (Eds). Species, Species Concepts, and Primate Evolution (1993), Plenum Press, New York 211-237
12. Cramer, D.L., 1974. Craniofacial form in two African Pongidae, with special reference to the pygmy chimpanzee, Pan paniscus. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Chicago.
13. Cramer D.L. Craniofacial morphology of Pan paniscus. In: Szalay F.S. (Ed). Contributions to Primatology vol. 10 (1977), S. Karger, Basel 1-64
14. Darroch J.N., and Mosimann J.E. Canonical and principal components of shape. Biometrika 72 (1985) 241-252
15. Delson E. Commentary on: Species and species concepts in paleoanthropology. In: Hecht M.K. (Ed). Evolutionary Biology at the Crossroads (1990), Queens College Press, New York 141-145
16. Erdbrink D.P. A quantification of the Dryopithecus and other lower molar patterns in man and some of the apes. Z. Morphol. Anthropol. 57 (1965) 70-108
17. Erdbrink D.P. A quantification of lower molar patterns in deutero-Malayans. Z. Morphol. Anthropol. 59 (1967) 40-56
18. Eriksson J., Hohmann G., Boesch C., and Vigilant L. Rivers influence the population genetic structure of bonobos (Pan paniscus). Mol. Ecol. 13 (2004) 3425-3435
19. Falsetti A.B., Jungers W.L., and Cole III T.M. Morphometrics of the callitrichid forelimb: a case study in size and shape. Int. J. Primatol. 14 (1993) 551-572
20. Gagneux P., Wills C., Gerloff U., Tautz D., Morin P.A., Boesch C., Fruth B., Hohmann G., Ryder O., and Woodruff D.S. Mitochondrial sequences show diverse evolutionary histories of African hominoids. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 96 (1999) 5077-5082
21. Godfrey L.R., and Marks J. The nature and origins of primate species. Yearb. Phys. Anthropol. 34 (1991) 39-68
22. Gonder, M.K., 2000. Evolutionary genetics of chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) in Nigeria and Cameroon. Ph.D. Dissertation, City University of New York.
23. Gonder M.K., Oates J.E., Disotell T.R., Forstner M.R.J., Morales J.C., and Melnick D.J. A new west African chimpanzee subspecies?. Nature 388 (1997) 337
24. Goodall J. The Chimpanzees of Gombe (1986), Harvard University Press, Cambridge
25. Groves C.P. Population systematics of the Gorilla. J. Zool. 161 (1970) 287-300
26. Groves C.P. Systematics of the great apes. In: Swindler D.R., and Erwin J. (Eds). Comparative Primate Biology. Systematics, Evolution, and Anatomy vol. 1 (1986), Alan R. Liss, New York 187-217
27. Groves C.P. Primate Taxonomy (2001), Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC
28. Groves C.P., Westwood C., and Shea B.T. Unfinished business: Mahalanobis and a clockwork orang. J. Hum. Evol. 22 (1992) 327-340
29. Grubb P. Primate geography in the Afro-tropical forest biome. In: Peters G., and Hutterer R. (Eds). Vertebrates in the Tropics (1990), Museum Alexander Koenig, Bonn 187-214
30. Guy F., Brunet M., Schmittbuhl M., and Viriot L. New approaches in hominoid taxonomy: morphometrics. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 121 (2003) 198-218
31. Hill W.C.O. The taxonomy of the genus Pan. In: Starck D., Schneider R., and Kuhn H.-J. (Eds). Neue Ergebnisse der Primatologie (1967), Fischer, Stuttgart 47-54
32. Hill W.C.O. The nomenclature, taxonomy and distribution of chimpanzee. In: Bourne G.H. (Ed). The Chimpanzee vol. 1 (1969), Karger, Basel 22-49
33. Horn A.D. The taxonomic status of the bonobo chimpanzee. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 51 (1979) 273-282
34. James F.C., and McCullough C.E. Multivariate statistical methods in ecology and systematics: Panacea or Pandora's box?. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 211 (1990) 129-166
35. Johanson, D.C., 1974. An odontological study of the chimpanzee with some implications for hominoid evolution. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Chicago.
36. Jungers W.L., and Susman R.S. Body size and skeletal allometry in African apes. In: Susman R.L. (Ed). Evolutionary Morphology and Behavior of the Pygmy Chimpanzee (1984), Plenum Press, New York 131-178
37. Kano T. Social behavior of wild pygmy chimpanzees (Pan paniscus) of Wamba: a preliminary report. J. Hum. Evol. 9 (1980) 243-260
38. Kano T. An ecological study of the pygmy chimpanzee (Pan paniscus) of Yalosidi, Republic of Zaire. Int. J. Primatol. 4 (1983) 1-31
39. Kano T. The Last Ape: Pygmy Chimpanzee Behavior and Ecology (1992), Stanford University Press, Stanford
40. Kimbel W.H. Species, species concepts, and hominid evolution. J. Hum. Evol. 20 (1991) 355-372
41. In: Kimbel W.H., and Martin L.B. (Eds). Species, Species Concepts, and Primate Evolution (1993), Plenum Press, New York
42. Kingdon J. Island Africa (1989), Princeton University Press, Princeton
43. Kinzey W.G. The dentition of the pygmy chimpanzee, Pan paniscus. In: Susman R.L. (Ed). The Pygmy Chimpanzee: Evolutionary Biology and Behavior (1984), Plenum Press, New York 65-88
44. Kortlandt A. Chimpanzees in the wild. Sci. Am. 206 (1962) 128-139
45. Lieberman D.E. Homology and hominid phylogeny: problems and potential solutions. Evol. Anthropol. 7 (1999) 142-151
46. Lockwood C.A., Kimbel W.H., and Lynch J.M. Morphometrics and hominoid phylogeny: support for a chimpanzee-human clade and differentiation among great ape subspecies. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 101 (2004) 4356-4360
47. Mahler, P.E., 1973. Metric variation in the pongid dentition. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Michigan.
48. Malenky R., and Stiles E. Distribution of terrestrial herbaceous vegetation and its consumption by Pan paniscus in the Lomako Forest, Zaïre. Am. J. Primatol. 23 (1991) 153-169
49. McHenry H.M., and Corruccini R.S. Pan paniscus and human evolution. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 54 (1981) 355-367
50. Miller J.M.A. Craniofacial variation in Homo habilis: an analysis of the evidence for multiple species. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 112 (2000) 103-128
51. Miller J.M.A., Albrecht G.H., and Gelvin B.R. Craniometric variation in early Homo compared to modern gorillas: a population-thinking approach. In: Anapol F., German R.Z., and Jablonski N.G. (Eds). Shaping Primate Evolution (2004), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 66-96
52. Morin P.A., Moore J.J., Chakraborthy R., Jin L., Goodall J., and Woodruff D.S. Kin selection, social structure, gene flow, and the evolution of chimpanzees. Science 265 (1994) 1193-1201
53. Mosimann J.E., and James F.C. New statistical methods for allometry with application to Florida red-winged blackbirds. Evolution 33 (1979) 444-459
54. Oates J.F. African Primates: Status Survey and Conservation Plan (1996), Gland Press, Cambridge
55. In: Otte D., and Endler J. (Eds). Speciation and its Consequences (1989), Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, Massachusetts
56. Pilbrow, V.C., 2003. Dental variation in African apes with implications for understanding patterns of variation in species of fossil apes. Ph.D. Dissertation, New York University.
57. Plavcan J.M. Catarrhine dental variability and species recognition in the fossil record. In: Kimbel W.H., and Martin L.B. (Eds). Species, Species Concepts, and Primate Evolution (1993), Plenum Press, New York 239-263
58. Plavcan J.M., and Cope D.A. Metric variation and species recognition in the fossil record. Evol. Anthropol. 10 (2001) 204-222
59. Relethford J. Reflections of Our Past: How Human History is Revealed in Our Genes (2003), Westview Press, Boulder
60. Rosen D.E. Vicariant patterns and historical explanation in biogeography. Syst. Zool. 27 (1978) 159-188
61. Ruvolo M., Pan D., Zehr S., Goldberg T., and Disotell T.R. Gene trees and hominoid phylogeny. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91 (1994) 8900-8904
62. Schwarz E. Das Vorkommen des Schimpansen auf den linken Kongo-Ufer. Rev. Zool. Bot. Afr. 16 (1929) 425-426
63. Scott J.E., and Lockwood C.A. Patterns of tooth crown size and shape variation in great apes and humans and species recognition in the hominid fossil record. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 125 (2004) 303-319
64. Shea B.T. Relative growth of the limbs and trunk in the African apes. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 56 (1981) 179-201
65. Shea B.T. Size and diet in the evolution of African ape craniodental form. Folia Primatol. 40 (1983) 32-68
66. Shea B.T. Allometry and heterochrony in the African apes. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 62 (1983) 275-289
67. Shea B.T. Paedomorphy and neoteny in the pygmy chimpanzee. Science 222 (1983) 521-522
68. Shea B.T. An allometric perspective on the morphological and evolutionary relationships between pygmy (Pan paniscus) and common (Pan troglodytes) chimpanzees. In: Susman R.L. (Ed). The Pygmy Chimpanzee: Evolutionary Biology and Behavior (1984), Plenum Press, New York 89-130
69. Shea B.T., and Groves C.P. Evolutionary implications of size and shape variation in the genus Pan. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 72 (1987) 253
70. Shea B.T., and Coolidge Jr. H.J. Craniometric differences and systematics in the genus Pan. J. Hum. Evol. 17 (1988) 671-685
71. Shea B.T., Leigh S.R., and Groves C.P. Multivariate craniometric variation in chimpanzees: implications for species identification in paleoanthropology. In: Kimbel W.H., and Martin L.B. (Eds). Species, Species Concepts, and Primate Evolution (1993), Plenum Press, New York 265-296
72. Sibley C., and Ahlquist J. The phylogeny of the hominoid primates, as indicated by DNA-DNA hybridization. J. Mol. Evol. 20 (1984) 1-15
73. Sokal R.R., and Rohlf F.J. Biometry (1995), W.H. Freeman and Co., San Francisco
74. Stumpf R.M., Polk J.D., Oates J.F., Jungers W.L., Heesy C.P., Groves C.P., and Fleagle J.G. Patterns of diversity in gorilla cranial morphology. In: Taylor A.B., and Goldsmith M.L. (Eds). Gorilla Biology (2003), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 35-61
75. Tattersall I. Species recognition in human paleontology. J. Hum. Evol. 15 (1986) 165-175
76. Taylor A.B., and Groves C.P. Patterns of mandibular variation in Pan and Gorilla and implications for African ape taxonomy. J. Hum. Evol. 44 (2003) 529-561
77. Turner A., and Chamberlain A. Speciation, morphological change and the status of African Homo erectus. J. Hum. Evol. 18 (1989) 115-130
78. Uchida, A., 1992. Intra-species variation among the great apes: implications for taxonomy of fossil hominoids. Ph.D. Dissertation, Harvard University.
79. Uchida A. Craniodental Variation among the Great Apes (1996), Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard University, Cambridge
80. Vitzthum V.J. The implications of interpopulation variation for defining paleospecies. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 63 Suppl. (1984) 232
81. Wheeler Q.D., and Meier R. Species Concepts and Phylogenetic Theory: A Debate (2000), Columbia University Press, New York
82. White F.J. Comparative socio-ecology of Pan paniscus. In: McGrew W.C., Marchant L.F., and Nishida T. (Eds). Great Ape Societies (1996), Cambridge University Press 29-41
83. Wood B.A. Koobi Fora Research Project. Hominid Cranial Remains, vol. 4 (1991), Clarendon Press, Oxford
84. Wood B.A., and Abbott S.A. Analysis of the dental morphology of Plio-Pleistocene hominids. I. Mandibular molars: crown area measurements and morphological traits. J. Anat. 136 (1983) 197-219
85. Wood B.A., Abbott S.A., and Graham S.H. Analysis of the dental morphology of Plio-Pleistocene hominids. II. Mandibular molars-study of cusp areas, fissure pattern and cross sectional shape of the crown. J. Anat. 137 (1983) 287-314
86. Wolfheim J.H. Primates of the World: Distribution, Abundance and Conservation (1983), University of Washington Press, Seattle
87. Wrangham R.W., McGrew W.C., de Waal F.B.M., and Heltne P.G. Chimpanzee Cultures (1994), Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts
88. Zihlman A.L., and Cramer D.L. Skeletal differences between pygmy (Pan paniscus) and common (Pan troglodytes) chimpanzees. Folia Primatol. 29 (1978) 86-94