Commentary: Carcinogenesis as Darwinian evolution? Do the math!

International Journal of Epidemiology

Volumn 35, Issue 5, 2006, Pages 1165-1167

  Gatenby, Robert A ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

HEAT SHOCK PROTEIN;

CANCER CELL; CANCER GENETICS; CANCER INVASION; CARCINOGENESIS; CELL POPULATION; CELL PROLIFERATION; CHROMOSOMAL INSTABILITY; COLON CANCER; DNA METHYLATION; DNA REPAIR; ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR; EPIGENETICS; ESOPHAGUS CANCER; EVOLUTION; GENE MUTATION; GENOMICS; HUMAN; LIFESPAN; MICROENVIRONMENT; NOTE; PHENOTYPE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; TUMOR GROWTH;

CELL TRANSFORMATION, NEOPLASTIC; COCARCINOGENESIS; EVOLUTION, MOLECULAR; HUMANS; MODELS, BIOLOGICAL; MUTATION; NEOPLASMS; SELECTION (GENETICS); SELECTION, GENETIC;

EID: 33750206892     PISSN: 03005771     EISSN: 14643685     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyl192     Document Type: Note

References (20)

1. Garcia SB, Novelli M, Wright NA. The clonal origin and clonal evolution of epithelial tumors. Int J Exp Pathol 2000;81:89-116.
2. Ilyas M, Straub J, Tomlinson IPM, Bodmer WF. Genetic pathways in colorectal and other cancers. Eur J Cancer 1999;35:335-51.
3. Gray JW, Collins C. Genome changes and gene expression in human sold tumors. Carcinogenesis 2000;21:443-52.
4. Nowell PC. The clonal evolution of tumor cell populations. Science 1976;194:23-28.
5. Clarke R, Dickson RB, Brunner N. The process of malignant progression in human breast cancer. Ann Oncol 1990;1:401-07.
6. Fearon ER, Vogelstein B. A genetic model for colorectal tumorigenesis. Cell 1990;61:759-67.
7. Loeb LA. Mutator phenotype may be required for multistage carcinogenesis. Cancer Res 1991;51:3075-79.
8. Peinado MA, Malkhosyan S, Velazquez A, Perucho M. Isolation and characterization of allelic losses and gains in colorectal tumors by arbitrarily primed polymerase chain reaction. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1992;89:10065-69.
9. Shih IS, Zhou W, Goodman SN, Lengauer C, Kinzler K, Vogelstein B. Evidence that genetic instability occurs at an early stage of colorectal tumorigenesis. Cancer Res 2001;61:818-22.
10. Rabinovitch PS, Reid BI, Haggitt RC, Norwood TH, Rubin CE. Progression to cancer in Barrett's esophagus is associated with genomic instability. Lab Invest 1988;60:65-71.
11. Chow M, Rubin H. Clonal selection versus genetic instability as the driving force in neoplastic transformation. Cancer Res 2000;60:6510-18.
12. Tomlinson IP, Novelli MR, Bodmer WF. The mutation rate and cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1996;93:14800-03.
13. Boudreau N, Sympson CJ, Werb Z, Bissell MJ. Suppression of ICE and apoptosis in mammary epithelial cells by extracellular matrix. Science 1995;267:891-93.
14. Wang F, Hansen RK, Radisky D et al. Phenotypic reversion or death of cancer cells by altering signaling pathways in three-dimensional contexts. J Natl Cancer Inst 2002;94:1494-503.
15. Weaver VM, Petersen OW, Wang F et al. Reversion of the malignant phenotype of human breast cells in three-dimensional culture and in vivo by integrin blocking antibodies J. Cell Biol 1997;137:231-45.
16. Park CC, Bissell MJ, Barcellos-Hoff MH. The influence of the micro-environment on the development of the malignant phenotype. Mol Med 2000;6:324-29.
17. Gatenby RA, Maini P. Modeling a new angle on understanding cancer. Nature 2002;420:462.
18. Gatenby RA, Maini P. Mathematical oncology - Cancer summed up. Nature 2003;421:321.
19. Vineis P, Berwick M. The population dynamics of cancer: A Darwinian perspective. Int J Epidemiol 2006;35:1151-59.
20. Gatenby RA, Vincent TL. An evolutionary model of carcinogenesis. Cancer Res 2003;63:6212-20.