Carvedilol versus cardioselective β-blockers for the treatment of hypertension in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Pharmacotherapy

Volumn 26, Issue 10, 2006, Pages 1491-1500

  Fardoun, Riham Zein ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HOUSTON   (United States)

Author keywords

blocker; Antioxidant; Cardiovascular risk; Carvedilol; Hypertension; Metabolic syndrome; Type 2 diabetes mellitus

Indexed keywords

ALPHA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; ALPHA TOCOPHEROL; ANGIOTENSIN RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; ASCORBIC ACID; ATENOLOL; BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKING AGENT; CAPTOPRIL; CARVEDILOL; DIHYDROLIPOATE; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; DIURETIC AGENT; FATTY ACID; GLUTATHIONE; HEMOGLOBIN A1C; LEPTIN; METOPROLOL; PLACEBO; REACTIVE OXYGEN METABOLITE; THIOCTIC ACID;

ALPHA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING; ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; CARDIOSELECTIVITY; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CLINICAL TRIAL; DIABETIC NEUROPATHY; DIABETIC RETINOPATHY; DYSLIPIDEMIA; GLYCEMIC CONTROL; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; INSULIN RESISTANCE; META ANALYSIS; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; MICROALBUMINURIA; MORTALITY; NON INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; REVIEW; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW;

ADRENERGIC BETA-ANTAGONISTS; ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENTS; CARBAZOLES; DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2; HUMANS; HYPERTENSION; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; PROPANOLAMINES; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTORS;

EID: 33749479943     PISSN: 02770008     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1592/phco.26.10.1491     Document Type: Review

References (47)

1. Sowers JR, Epstein M, Frochlich ED. Diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease: an update. Hypertension 2001;37:1053-9.
2. Bierman EL. Atherogenesis in diabetes. Arterioscler Thromb 1992;12:647-56.
3. Grundy M, Cleeman J, Daniels S, et al. Diagnosis and management of the metabolic syndrome: an American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute scientific statement. Circulation 2005;112:1-18.
4. Alberti KG, Zimmet PZ. Definition, diagnosis, and classification of diabetes mellitus and its complications. Part 1: diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus provisional report of a WHO consultation. Diabet Med 1998;15:539-53.
5. American Diabetic Association. Treatment of hypertension in adults with diabetes. Diabetes Care 2004;27:S65-7.
6. Evans JL, Goldfine ID, Maddux BA, Grodsky GM. Oxidative stress and stress activated signaling pathway: a unifying hypothesis of type 2 diabetes. Endocrine Rev 2002;23:599-622.
7. Kendall MJ. Clinical trial data on the cardioprotective effects of β-blockade. Basic Res Cardiol 2002;95(7):125-30.
8. Lithel HO. Effect of antihypertensive drugs on insulin, glucose, and lipid metabolism. Diabetes Care 1991;14(3):203-9.
9. Majumdar SR. β-Blockers for the treatment of hypertension in patients with diabetes: exploring the contraindication myth. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 1999;13:435-9.
10. Giuigliano D, Acampora R, Marfella R, et al. Metabolic and cardiovascular effects of carvedilol and atenolol in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and hypertension: a randomized, controlled trial. Ann Intern Med 1997;126(12):995-9.
11. Bakris GL, Fonesca V, Katholie RE, et al, for the GEMINI Investigators. Metabolic effects of carvedilol vs metoprolol in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2004;292(18):2227-36.
12. Callaghan M, Ceradini D, Gurtner G. Hyperglycemia-induced reactive oxygen species and impaired endothelial progenitor cell function. Antioxid Redox Signal 2005;7(11):1476-82.
13. Jay D, Hirofumi H, Griendling K. Oxidative stress and diabetic vascular complications. Free Radic Biol Med 2006;40:183-92.
14. Maxwell SRJ, Thomason H, Sandler D, et al. Antioxidant status in patients with uncomplicated insulin dependent and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Eur J Clin Invest 1997;27:484-90.
15. Godin DV, Wohaieb SA, Garnett ME, Gourmeniouk AD. Antioxidant enzyme alterations in experimental and clinical diabetes. Mol Cell Biochem 1988;84:223-31.
16. Bursell SE, Clermont AC, Aiello LP, et al. High-dose vitamin E supplementation normalizes retinal flow and creatinine clearance in patients with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care 1999;22:1245-51.
17. Bursell SE, King GL. Can protein kinase C inhibition and vitamin E prevent the development of diabetic vascular complications? Diabetes Res Clin Pract 1999;45:169-82.
18. Evans JL, Goldfine ID. α Lipoic acid: a multifunctional antioxidant that improves insulin sensitivity in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Technol Ther 2000;2:401-13.
19. Sridulyakul P, Chakraphan D, Patumraj S. Vitamin C supplementation could reverse diabetes-induced endothelial cell dysfunction in mesenteric microcirculation in STZ rats. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2006;34(1-2):315-21.
20. Ziegler D, Reljanovic M, Mehnert H, Gries FA. α Lipoic acid in the treatment of diabetic polyneuropathy in Germany: current evidence from clinical trials. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 1999;107:421-30.
21. Froguel P, Velho G. Genetic determinants of type 2 diabetes. Recent Prog Horm Res 2001;56:91-105.
22. DeFronzo RA. Pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes: metabolic and molecular implications for identifying diabetes genes. Diabetes Rev 1997;5:177-269.
23. Khan CR, Vicent D, Doria A. Genetics of non-insulin-dependent type II diabetes mellitus, Annu Rev Med 1996;47: 509-31.
24. Khan CR. Insulin action, diabetogenes, and the cause of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes 1994;43:1066-84.
25. Paolisso G, Guigliano D. Oxidative stress and insulin action. Is there a relationship? Diabetologia 1996;39:357-63.
26. El-Atat F, Stas S, McFarlane S, Sowrs J. The relationship between hyperinsulinemia, hypertension, and progressive renal disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 2004;15:2816-27.
27. Reaven GM, Lithel H, Landsberg L. Hypertension and associated metabolic abnormalities: the role of insulin resistance and the sympathoadrenal system. N Engl J Med 1996;334:374-81.
28. Grunfeld B, Balzareti M, Romo M, Gimenenez M, Gutman R. Hyperinsulinemia in normotensive offspring of hypertensive parents. Hypertension 1994;23:112-15.
29. Cheng LS, Davis RC, Raffel LJ, et al. Coincident linkage of fasting plasma insulin and blood pressure to chromosome 7q in hypertensive Hispanic families. Circulation 2001;104:1255-60.
30. Miyaoka K, Kuwasako T, Hirano K, et al. CD 36 deficiency associated with insulin resistance. Lancet 2001;357:686-7.
31. Sowers JR, Epstein M, Frohlich ED. Diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease: an update. Hypertension 2001;37:1053-9.
32. Steinberg HO, Chaker H, Learning R, Johnson A, Brechtel G, Baron AD. Obesity/insulin resistance is associated with endothelial dysfunction. Implications for the syndrome of insulin resistance. J Clin Invest 1996;97:2601-10.
33. Ford ES, Mokdad AH, Giles WH, Brown DW. The metabolic syndrome and antioxidant concentrations. Diabetes 2003;52:2346-52.
34. Kukin M, Kalman J, Charney R, et al. Prospective, randomized comparison of effects of long term treatment with metoprolol or carvedilol on symptoms, exercise, ejection fraction, and oxidative stress in heart failure. Circulation 1999;99:2645-51.
35. Bell DS, Lukas MA, Holdbrook FK, Fowler MB. The effect of carvedilol on mortality in heart failure patients with diabetes. Results of a meta-analysis. Curr Med Res Opin 2006; 22(2):287-96.
36. Nodari S, Metra M, Dei Cas A, Dei Cas L. Efficacy and tolerability of the long term administration of carvedilol in patients with chronic heart failure with and without concomitant diabetes mellitus. Eur J Heart Fail 2003; 5(6):803-9.
37. UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group. Tight blood pressure control and risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes: UKPDS 38. BMJ 1998; 317:703-13.
38. UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group. Efficacy of atenolol and captopril in reducing risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes: UKPDS 39. BMJ 1998;317:713-20.
39. Hansson L, Zanchetti A, Carruther SG, et al, for the HOT Study Group. Effects of intensive blood pressure-lowering and low dose aspirin in patients with hypertension: principle results of the hypertension optimal treatment (HOT) randomized trial. Lancet 1998;351:1755-62.
40. Ruffolo RR, Boyle DA, Brooks DP. Carvedilol, a novel vascular drug with multiple actions. Cardiovasc Drug Rev 1992;10: 127-57.
41. Gellai M, DeWolf R, Ruffolo RR. Effect of carvedilol on renal hemodynamics and renal excretory function in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Pharmacology 1990;41:200-6.
42. Broil A, Tomasi V, Laville MP. Antiarrhythmic effects of carvedilol in rat isolated heart subjected to regional ischemia and reperfusion. Pharmacol Commun 1995;5:291-300.
43. Feuerstein GZ, Fisher M, Nunnari J. Carvedilol inhibits aortic lipid deposition in the hypercholesterolemic rat model. Pharmacology 1997;54:24-32.
44. Oettl K, Greilberger J, Zangger K, et al. Radical-scavenging and iron-chelating properties of carvedilol, an antihypertensive drug with antioxidative activity. Biochem Pharmacol 2001;62:241-8.
45. Fahlbusch S, Tsikas D, Mehls C, et al. Effects of carvedilol on oxidative stress in human endothelial cells and healthy volunteers. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2004;60:83-8.
46. Frishman WH, Jacob H, Eisenberg E, Spivak CR. Overdosing with β-adrenoceptor blocking drugs: pharmacological consideration and clinical management. In: Frishman WH, ed. Clinical pharmacology of the β-adrenoceptor blocking drugs. Norwalk, CT: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1984:169-203.
47. Psanisi F, Imperatore G, Vaccaro O, Iovine C, Ferrera LA. Effects of a 3-month treatment with terazosin on fasting and postprandial glucose and lipid metabolism in type 2 diabetic patients with hypertension. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 1999;9(2):73-7.