Micronutrients in health and disease

Postgraduate Medical Journal

Volumn 82, Issue 971, 2006, Pages 559-567

  Shenkin, A ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LIVERPOOL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTIOXIDANT; CHROMIUM; RIBOFLAVIN; TRACE ELEMENT; ZINC;

ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME; CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE; DIET; DIETARY INTAKE; EYE DISEASE; GLUCOSE TOLERANCE; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENT; PROTEIN SYNTHESIS; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR;

DEFICIENCY DISEASES; DIET; DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS; HEALTH STATUS; HUMANS; METABOLIC DISEASES; MICRONUTRIENTS; NUTRITION DISORDERS; NUTRITIONAL STATUS; REFERENCE VALUES; RISK FACTORS; SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS; VITAMINS;

EID: 33749183217     PISSN: 00325473     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/pgmj.2006.047670     Document Type: Review

References (95)

1. Evans P, Halliwell B. Micronutrients: oxidant/antioxidant status. Br J Nutr 2001;85(suppl 2):S67-74.
2. Food and Nutrition Board loM. Dietary reference intakes for thiamin, roboflavin, niacin, vitamin B6, folate, vitamin B12, pantothenic acid, biotin, and choline. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 1998.
3. Food and Nutrition Board loM. Dietary reference intakes for vitamin C, vitamin E, selenium, and carotenoids. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2000.
4. Panel of Dietary Reference Values, Department of Health. Dietary reference values for food energy and nutrients for the United Kingdom. London: HMSO, 1991.
5. Food Standards Agency. Eat well, be well. London: FSA, 2006.
6. Hoare J, Henderson L, Bates CJ, et al. The national diet and nutrition survey: adults aged 19-64. London: The Stationery Office, 2004.
7. Finch S, Doyle W, Lowe C, et al. National diet and nutrition survey: people aged 65 and over. London: The Stationery Office, 1998.
8. Food Standards Agency. National diet and nutrition survey: young people aged 4 to 18 years, 1997. London: The Stationery Office, 2000.
9. Rayman MP. The argument for increasing selenium intake. Proc Nutr Soc 2002;61:203-15.
10. Clark LC, Combs GF Jr, Turnbull BW, et al. Effects of selenium supplementation for cancer prevention in patients with carcinoma of the skin. A randomized controlled trial. Nutritional Prevention of Cancer Study Group. JAMA 1996;276:1957-63.
11. Weaver C. Adolescence:the period of dramatic bone growth. Endocrine 2002;17:43-8.
12. Shenkin A. Adult micronutrient requirements. In: Payne-James J, Grimble G, Silk D, eds. Artificial nutrition support in clinical practice. London: GMM, 2001:193-212.
13. Solomon SM, Kirby DF. The refeeding syndrome: a review. JPEN J Parenter.Enterol Nutr 1990;14:90-7.
14. Cuthbertson DP, Fell GS, Smith C, et al. Metabolism after injury. 1. Effects of severity,nutrition,and environmental temperature on protein, potassium, zinc and creatine. Br J Surg 1972;59:926-31.
15. Kay RG, Tasman-Jones C, Pybus J, et al. A syndrome of acute zinc deficiency during total parenteral alimentation in man. Ann Surg 1976;183:331-40.
16. Castillo-Duran C, Vial P, Uauy R. Trace mineral balance during acute diarrhea in infants. J Pediatr 1988;113:452-7.
17. Geissler C, Powers H. Human nutrition. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, 2005.
18. Schnyder G, Rouvinez G. Total plasma homocysteine and restenosis after percutaneous coronary angioplasty: current evidence. Ann Med 2003;35:156-63.
19. Wald DS, Law M, Morris JK. Homocysteine and cardiovascular disease: evidence on causality from a meta-analysis. BMJ 2002;325:1202.
20. Lange H, Suryapranata H, De Luca G, et al. Folate therapy and in-stent restenosis after coronary stenting. N Engl J Med 2004;350:2673-81.
21. Bonaa K, Njolstad I, Ueland P, et al. Homocysteine lowering and cardiovascular events after acute myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 2006;354:1578-88.
22. The Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation (HOPE) 2 Investigators. Homocysteine lowering with folic acid and B vitamins in vascular disease. N Engl J Med 2006;354:1567-77.
23. Loscalzo J. Homocysteine trials-clear outcomes for complex reasons. N Engl J Med 2006;354:1629-32.
24. Vincent JB. Recent advances in the nutritional biochemistry of trivalent chromium. Proc Nutr Soc 2004;63:41-7.
25. Anderson RA, Cheng N, Bryden NA, et al. Elevated intakes of supplemental chromium improve glucose and insulin variables in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes 1997;46:1786-91.
26. Cefalu WT, Bell-Farrow AD, Stigner-J, et al. Effect of chromium picolinate on insulin sensitivity in vivo. J Trace Elem Exp Biol 1999;12:71-84.
27. Jeejeebhoy KN, Chu RC, Marliss EB, et al. Chromium deficiency, glucose intolerance, and neuropathy reversed by chromium supplementation, in a patient receiving long-term total parenteral nutrition. Am J Clin Nutr 1977;30:531-8.
28. Anderson RA. Chromium in the prevention and control of diabetes. Diabetes Metab 2000;26:22-7.
29. Trow LG, Lewis J, Greenwood RH, et al. Lack of effect of dietary chromium supplementation on glucose tolerance, plasma insulin and lipoprotein levels in patients with type 2 diabetes. Int J Vitam Nutr Res 2000;70:14-18.
30. Kalman DS. Chromium picolinate and type 2 diabetes. Am J Clin Nutr 2003;78:192-3.
31. Wolman SL, Anderson GH, Marliss EB, et al. Zinc in total parenteral nutrition: requirements and metabolic effects. Gastroenterology 1979;76:458-67.
32. Stephens NG, Parsons A, Schofield PM, et al. Randomised controlled trial of vitamin E in patients with coronary disease: Cambridge heart antioxidant study (CHAOS). Lancet 1996;347:781-6.
33. Fang JC, Kinlay S, Beltrame J, et al. Effect of vitamins C and E on progression of transplant-associated arteriosclerosis: a randomised trial. Lancet 2002;359:1108-13.
34. Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation Study Investigators. Effects of ramipril on cardiovascular and microvascular outcomes in people with diabetes mellitus: results of the HOPE study and MICRO-HOPE substudy. Lancet 2000;355:253-9.
35. Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Sopravvivenza nell'Infarto miocardico. Dietary supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamin E after myocardial infarction: results of the GISSI-Prevenzione trial. Lancet 1999;354:447-55.
36. Heart Protection Study Collaborative Group. MRC/BMF heart protection study of antioxidant vitamin supplementation in 20,536 high-risk individuals: a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 2002;360:23-33.
37. Kris-Etherton PM, Lichtenstein AH, Howard BV, et al. Antioxidant vitamin supplements and cardiovascular disease. Circulation 2004;110:637-41.
38. Miller ER III, Pastor-Barriuso R, Dalal D, et al. Meta-analysis: high-dosage vitamin E supplementation may increase all-cause mortality. Ann Intern Med 2005;142:37-46.
39. American Institute for Cancer Research. Vitamin supplements don't help prevent cancer. Washington, DC: AICR, 2003.
40. Li W, Zhu Y, Yan X, et al. [The prevention of primary liver cancer by selenium in high risk populations]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2000;34:336-8.
41. The effect of vitamin E and beta carotene on the incidence of lung cancer and other cancers in male smokers. The Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta Carotene Cancer Prevention Study Group. N Engl J Med 1994;330:1029-35.
42. Omenn GS, Goodman GE, Thornquist MD, et al. Effects of a combination of beta carotene and vitamin A on lung cancer and cardiovascular disease. N Engl J Med 1996;334:1150-5.
43. Giovannucci E, Stampfer MJ, Colditz GA, et al. Multivitamin use, folate, and colon cancer in women in the nurses' health study. Ann Intern Med 1998;129:517-24.
44. Jacobs EJ, Connell CJ, Patel AV, et al. Multivitamin use and colon cancer mortality in the cancer prevention study II cohort (United States). Cancer Causes Control 2001;12:927-34.
45. Zhang SM, Giovannucci EL, Hunter DJ, et al. Vitamin supplement use and the risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma among women and men. Am J Epidemiol 2001;153:1056-63.
46. Jacobs EJ, Henion AK, Briggs PJ, et al. Vitamin C and vitamin E supplement use and bladder cancer mortality in a large cohort of US men and women. Am J Epidemiol 2002;156:1002-10.
47. Bjelakovic G, Nikolova D, Simonetti RG, et al. Antioxidant supplements for prevention of gastrointestinal cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet 2004;364:1219-28.
48. Forman D, Altman D. Vitamins to prevent cancer: supplementary problems. Lancet 2004;364:1193-4.
49. Wright ME, Mayne ST, Stolzenberg-Solomon RZ, et al. Development of a comprehensive dietary antioxidant index and application to lung cancer risk in a cohort of male smokers. Am J Epidemiol 2004;160:68-76.
50. Hercberg S, Galan P, Preziosi P, et al. The SU.VI. MAX study: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial of the health effects of antioxidant vitamins and minerals, Arch Intern Med 2004;164:2335-42.
51. Meyer F, Galan P, Douville P, et al. Antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplementation and prostate cancer prevention in the SU.VI.MAX trial. Int J Cancer 2005;116:182-6.
52. Age-Related Eye Disease Study Research Group. A randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial of high-dose supplementation with vitamins C and E and beta carotene for age-related cataract and vision loss: AREDS report no 9. Arch Ophthalmol 2001;119:1439-52.
53. Age-Related Eye Disease Study Research Group. A randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial of high-dose supplementation with vitamins C and E, beta carotene, and zinc for age-related macular degeneration and vision loss: AREDS report no 8. Arch Ophthalmol 2001;119:1417-36.
54. Heyland DK, Dhaliwal R, Suchner U, et al. Antioxidant nutrients: a systematic review of trace elements and vitamins in the critically ill patient. Intensive Care Med 2005;31:327-37.
55. Angstwurm MW, Schottdorf J, Schopohl J, et al. Selenium replacement in patients with severe systemic inflammatory response syndrome improves clinical outcome. Crit Care Med 1999;27:1807-13.
56. Mishra V, Baines M, Perry S, et al. Selenium supplementation and outcome in septic ICU patients. Clin Chim Acta 2005;355:S45-6.
57. Crimi E, Liguori A, Condorelli M, et al. The beneficial effects of antioxidant supplementation in enterai feeding in critically ill patients: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Anesth Analg 2004;99:857-63.
58. Berger MM, Spertini F, Shenkin A, et al. Trace element supplementation modulates pulmonary infection rates after major burns: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr 1998;68:365-71.
59. Berger MM, Eggimann P, Revelly JP, et al. Selenium supplements reduce the incidence of nosocomial pneumonia after major burns. Clin Nutr 2005;24:614.
60. Black RE. Zinc deficiency, infectious disease and mortality in the developing world. J Nutr 2003;133:1485-9S.
61. Glasziou PP, Mackerras DE. Vitamin A supplementation in infectious diseases: a meta-analysis. BMJ 1993;306:366-70.
62. Rahman MM, Wahed MA, Fuchs GJ, et al. Synergistic effect of zinc and vitamin A on the biochemical indexes of vitamin A nutrition in children. Am J Clin Nutr 2002;75:92-8.
63. Karyadi E, West CE, Schultink W, et al. A double-blind, placebo-controlled study of vitamin A and zinc supplementation in persons with tuberculosis in Indonesia: effects on clinical response and nutritional status. Am J Clin Nutr 2002;75:720-7.
64. Sarma KV, Udaykumar P, Balakrishna N, et al. Effect of micronutrient supplementation on health and nutritional status of schoolchildren: growth and morbidity. Nutrition 2006;22:S8-14.
65. Cunningham-Randles S. Trace element and mineral nutrition in HIV infection and AIDS. In: Bogden JD, Kleavey LM, eds. Clinical nutrition of the essential trace elements and minerals. Clifton: Humana Press, 2000:333-52.
66. Shenkin A. Trace elements and inflammatory response: implications for nutritional support. Nutrition 1995;11:100-5.
67. Conner EM, Grisham MB. Inflammation, free radicals, and antioxidants. Nutrition 1996;12:274-7.
68. Irlam JH, Visser ME, Rollins N, et al. Micronutrient supplementation in children and adults with HIV infection. Cochrane Library. Chichester: Wiley, 2005.
69. Fawzi WW, Msamanga GI, Spiegelman D, et al. A randomized trial of multivitamin supplements and HIV disease progression and mortality. N Engl J Med 2004;351:23-32.
70. Beck MA, Shi Q, Morris VC, et al. Rapid genomic evolution of a non-virulent coxsackievirus B3 in selenium-deficient mice results in selection of identical virulent isolates. Nat Med 1995;1:433-6.
71. Beck MA, Levander OA, Handy J. Selenium deficiency and viral infection. J Nutr 2003;133:1463-7S.
72. Chandra RK. Effect of vitamin and trace-element supplementation on immune responses and infection in elderly subjects. Lancet 1992;340:1124-7.
73. Carpenter KJ, Roberts S, Sternberg S. Nutrition and immune function: a 1992 report. Lancet 2003;361:2247-8.
74. Girodon F, Galan P, Monget AL, et al. Impact of trace elements and vitamin supplementation on immunity and infections in institutionalized elderly patients: a randomized controlled trial. MIN. VIT. AOX geriatric network. Arch Intern Med 1999;159:748-54.
75. Girodon F, Blache D, Monget AL, et al. Effect of a two-year supplementation with low doses of antioxidant vitamins and/or minerals in elderly subjects on levels of nutrients and antioxidant defense parameters. J Am Coll Nutr 1997;16:357-65.
76. Allsup SJ, Shenkin A, Gosney MA, et al. Can a short period of micronutrient supplementation in older institutionalized people improve response to influenza vaccine? A randomized, controlled trial. J Am Geriatr Soc 2004;52:20-4.
77. El Kadiki A, Sutton AJ. Role of multivitamins and mineral supplements in preventing infections in elderly people: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. BMJ 2005;330:871-4 (correction BMJ 2005;331:142).
78. Avenell A, Campbell MK, Cook JA, et al. Effect of multivitamin and multimineral supplements on morbidity from infections in older people (MAVIS trial): pragmatic, randomised, double blind, placebo controlled trial. BMJ 2005;331:324-9.
79. Benlon D. Micro-nutrient supplementation and the intelligence of children. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2001;25:297-309.
80. Vazir S, Nagalla B, Thangiah V, et al. Effect of micronutrient supplement on health and nutritional status of schoolchildren: mental function. Nutrition 2006;22:S26-32.
81. Finley JW, Penland JG. Adequacy or deprivation of dietary selenium in healthy men: clinical and psychological findings. J Trace Elem Exp Biol 1998;11:11-27.
82. Gesch CB, Hammond SM, Hampson SE, et al. Influence of supplementary vitamins, minerals and essential fatty acids on the antisocial behaviour of young adult prisoners. Randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Br J Psychiatry 2002;181:22-8.
83. Yaffe K, Clemons TE, McBee WL, et al. Impact of antioxidants, zinc, and copper on cognition in the elderly: a randomized, controlled trial. Neurology 2004;63:1705-7.
84. Wouters-Wesseling W, Wagenaar LW, Rozendaal M, et al. Effect of an enriched drink on cognitive function in frail elderly persons. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2005;60:265-70.
85. Ellinson M, Thomas J, Patterson A. A critical evaluation of the relationship between serum vitamin B, folate and total homocysteine with cognitive impairment in the elderly. J Hum Nutr Diet 2004;17:371-83.
86. Rayman M, Thompson A, Warren-Perry M, et al. Impact of selenium on mood and quality of life: a randomized, controlled trial. Biol Psychiatry 2006;59:147-54.
87. Sub Group on Bone health CoMAoFP. Nutrition and bone health: with particular reference to calcium and vitamin D. Report on health and social subjects no 49. London: The Stationery Office, 1998.
88. Reid DM, New SA. Nutritional influences on bone mass. Proc Nutr Soc 1997;56:977-87.
89. Eaton-Evans J, Mcllrath EM, Jackson EV, et al. Copper supplementation and the maintenance of bone mineral density in middle-aged women. J Trace Elem Exp Biol 1996;9:87-94.
90. Strause L, Saltman P, Smith KT, et al. Spinal bone loss in postmenopausal women supplemented with calcium and trace minerals. J Nutr 1994;124:1060-4.
91. Vermeer C, Shearer M, Zitterman A, et al. Beyond deficiency: potential benefits of increased intakes of vitamin K for bone and vascular health. Eur J Nutr 2006;43:325-35.
92. Nieves J. Osteoporosis:the role of micronutrients. Am J Clin Nutr 2005;81:1232-9S.
93. Dror Y, Stern F, Berner YN, et al. Recommended micronutrient supplementation for institutionalized elderly. J Nutr Health Aging 2002;6:295-300.
94. Woodside JV, McCall D, McGartland C, et al. Micronutrients: dietary intake v. supplement use. Proc Nutr Soc 2005;64:543-53.
95. Berger MM. Chiolero R. Relations between copper, zinc and selenium intakes and malondialdehyde excretion after major burns. Burns 1995;21:507-12.