No increase in C-reactive protein levels during intranasal compared to oral hormone therapy in healthy post-menopausal women

Human Reproduction

Volumn 21, Issue 6, 2006, Pages 1635-1642

  Hemelaar, M ^a   Kenemans, P ^a   Schalkwijk, C G ^b   Braat, D D M ^c   van der Mooren, M J ^a  

^a VU UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (Netherlands)

^b VU UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (Netherlands)

^c RADBOUD UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Adhesion molecules; C reactive protein; Intranasal; Menopause; Norethisterone

Indexed keywords

ANTICOAGULANT AGENT; C REACTIVE PROTEIN; CELL ADHESION MOLECULE; ENDOTHELIAL LEUKOCYTE ADHESION MOLECULE 1; ESTRADIOL PLUS NORETHISTERONE ACETATE; INTERCELLULAR ADHESION MOLECULE 1; MARKER; VASCULAR CELL ADHESION MOLECULE 1;

ADULT; AGE DISTRIBUTION; AGED; ARTICLE; AUTOMATION; CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONCENTRATION RESPONSE; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE; DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS; DOUBLE BLIND PROCEDURE; DRUG DOSE REGIMEN; FEMALE; HORMONAL THERAPY; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; INFLAMMATION; NORMAL HUMAN; POSTMENOPAUSE; PROTEIN BLOOD LEVEL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS; STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE;

EID: 33749018792     PISSN: 02681161     EISSN: 14602350     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/humrep/del034     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Anderson GL, Limacher M, Assaf AR, Bassford T, Beresford SA, Black H, Bonds D, Brunner R, Brzyski R, Caan B et al. (2004) Effects of conjugated equine estrogen in postmenopausal women with hysterectomy: the Women's Health Initiative randomized controlled trial. JAMA 291,1701-1712.
2. Barrett-Connor E and Grady D (1998) Hormone replacement therapy, heart disease, and other considerations. Annu Rev Public Health 19,55-72.
3. Bukowska H, Stanosz S, Zochowska E, Millo B, Sieja K, Chelstowski K and Naruszewicz M (2005) Does the type of hormone replacement therapy affect lipoprotein (a), homocysteine, and C-reactive protein levels in postmenopausal women? Metabolism 54,72-78.
4. Cushman M, Legault C, Barrett-Connor E, Stefanick ML, Kessler C, Judd HL, Sakkinen PA and Tracy RP (1999) Effect of postmenopausal hormones on inflammation-sensitive proteins: The Postmenopausal Estrogen/Progestin Interventions (PEPI) Study. Circulation 100,717-722.
5. Danenberg HD, Szalai AJ, Swaminathan RV, Peng L, Chen Z, Seifert P, Fay WP, Simon DI and Edelman ER (2003) Increased thrombosis after arterial injury in human C-reactive protein-transgenic mice. Circulation 108,512-515.
6. Devissaguet JP, Brion N, Lhote O and Deloffre P (1999) Pulsed estrogen therapy: Pharmacokinetics of intranasal 17-beta-estradiol (S21400) in postmenopausal women and comparison with oral and transdermal formulations. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 24,265-271.
7. Guzic-Salobir B, Keber I, Seljeflot I, Arnesen H and Vrabic L (2001) Combined hormone replacement therapy improves endothelial function in healthy postmenopausal women. J Intern Med 250,508-515.
8. Hemelaar M, van der Mooren MJ, Van Baal WM, Schalkwijk CG, Kenemans P and Stehouwer CD (2005) Effects of transdermal and oral postmenopausal hormone therapy on vascular function: A randomized, placebo-controlled study in healthy postmenopausal women. Menopause 12,526-535.
9. Hemelaar M, Kenemans P, de Bie L, van de Weijer PH and van der Mooren MJ (in press) Nasal continuous combined 17beta-estradiol / norethisterone therapy improves the lipid profile in healthy postmenopausal women. Fertil Steril.
10. Hulley S, Grady D, Bush T, Furberg C, Herrington D, Riggs B and Vittinghoff E (1998) Randomized trial of estrogen plus progestin for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in postmenopausal women. Heart and Estrogen/progestin Replacement Study (HERS) Research Group. JAMA 280,605-613.
11. Hwang SJ, Ballantyne CM, Sharrett AR, Smith LC, Davis CE, Gotto AM Jr and Boerwinkle E (1997) Circulating adhesion molecules VCAM-1, ICAM-1, and E-selectin in carotid atherosclerosis and incident coronary heart disease cases: The Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities (ARIC) study. Circulation 96,4219-4225.
12. Ji SR, Wu Y, Potempa LA, Qiu Q and Zhao J (2005) Interactions of C-reactive protein with low-density lipoproteins: Implications for an active role of modified C-reactive protein in atherosclerosis. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 38 (4),648-661.
13. Kenemans P, Genazzani AR, Palacios S and Schneider HP (2004) Pulsed estrogen exposure selectively modulates tissue response: A hypothesis. Gynecol Endocrinol 18,159-164.
14. Kiran H, Kiran G, Ekerbicer HC, Guven AM and Kilinc M (2004) Effects of oestrogen replacement therapy on serum C-reactive protein levels in hysterectomised women. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 44,131-134.
15. Koh KK, Shin MS, Sakuma I, Ahn JY, Jin DK, Kim HS, Kim DS, Han SH, Chung WJ and Shin EK (2004) Effects of conventional or lower doses of hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal women. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 24,1516-1521.
16. Lacut K, Oger E, Le Gal G, Blouch MT, Abgrall JF, Kerlan V, Scarabin PY and Mottier D (2003) Differential effects of oral and transdermal postmenopausal estrogen replacement therapies on C-reactive protein. Thromb Haemost 90,124-131.
17. Lagrand WK, Niessen HW, Wolbink GJ, Jaspars LH, Visser CA, Verheugt FW, Meijer CJ and Hack CE (1997) C-reactive protein colocalizes with complement in human hearts during acute myocardial infarction. Circulation 95,97-103.
18. Lamon-Fava S, Posfai B and Schaefer EJ (2003) Effect of hormonal replacement therapy on C-reactive protein and cell-adhesion molecules in postmenopausal women. Am J Cardiol 91,252-254.
19. Lopes P, Merkus HM, Nauman J, Bruschi F, Foidart JM and Calaf J (2000) Randomized comparison of intranasal and transdermal estradiol. Obstet Gynecol 96,906-912.
20. Manson JE, Hsia J, Johnson KC, Rossouw JE, Assaf AR, Lasser NL, Trevisan M, Black HR, Heckbert SR, Detrano R et al. (2003) Estrogen plus progestin and the risk of coronary heart disease. N Engl J Med 349,523-534.
21. Mattsson LA, Christiansen C, Colau JC, Palacios S, Kenemans P, Bergeron C, Chevallier O, Von Holst T and Gangar K (2000) Clinical equivalence of intranasal and oral 17beta-estradiol for postmenopausal symptoms. Am J Obstet Gynecol 182,545-552.
22. Pasceri V, Willerson JT and Yeh ET (2000) Direct proinflammatory effect of C-reactive protein on human endothelial cells. Circulation 102,2165-2168.
23. Phillips LS and Langer RD (2005) Postmenopausal hormone therapy: critical reappraisal and a unified hypothesis. Fertil Steril 83,558-566.
24. Post MS, van der Mooren MJ, Stehouwer CD, Van Baal WM, Mijatovic V, Schalkwijk CG and Kenemans P (2002) Effects of transdermal and oral oestrogen replacement therapy on C-reactive protein levels in postmenopausal women: A randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Thromb Haemost 88,605-610.
25. Prestwood KM, Unson C, Kulldorff M and Cushman M (2004) The effect of different doses of micronized 17beta-estradiol on C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, and lipids in older women. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 59,827-832.
26. Ridker PM, Cushman M, Stampfer MJ, Tracy RP and Hennekens CH (1997) Inflammation, aspirin, and the risk of cardiovascular disease in apparently healthy men. N Engl J Med 336,973-979.
27. Ridker PM, Hennekens CH, Roitman-Johnson B, Stampfer MJ and Allen J (1998) Plasma concentration of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 and risks of future myocardial infarction in apparently healthy men. Lancet 351,88-92.
28. Ridker PM, Hennekens CH, Buring JE and Rifai N (2000) C-reactive protein and other markers of inflammation in the prediction of cardiovascular disease in women. N Engl J Med 342,836-843.
29. Ropponen A, Aittomaki K, Tikkanen MJ and Ylikorkala O (2005) Levels of serum C-reactive protein during oral and transdermal estradiol in postmenopausal women with and without a history of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 90,142-146.
30. Ross R (1999) Atherosclerosis - an inflammatory disease. N Engl J Med 340,115-126.
31. Sattar N, Perera M, Small M and Lumsden MA (1999) Hormone replacement therapy and sensitive C-reactive protein concentrations in women with type-2 diabetes. Lancet 354,487-488.
32. Seljeflot I, Arnesen H, Hofstad AE and Os I (2000) Reduced expression of endothelial cell markers after long-term transdermal hormone replacement therapy in women with coronary artery disease. Thromb Haemost 83,944-948.
33. Simoncini T, Fornari L, Mannella P, Varone G, Caruso A, Garibaldi S and Genazzani AR (2005) Differential estrogen signaling in endothelial cells upon pulsed or continuous administration. Maturitas 50,247-258.
34. Skouby SO, Gram J, Andersen LF, Sidelmann J, Petersen KR and Jespersen J (2002) Hormone replacement therapy: Estrogen and progestin effects on plasma C-reactive protein concentrations. Am J Obstet Gynecol 186,969-977.
35. Smolders RG, de Meer K, Kenemans P, Jakobs C, Kulik W and van der Mooren MJ (2005) Oral estradiol decreases plasma homocysteine, vitamin B6, and albumin in postmenopausal women but does not change the whole-body homocysteine remethylation and transmethylation flux. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 90,2218-2224.
36. Sowers MR, Jannausch M, Randolph JF, McConnell D, Little R, Lasley B, Pasternak R, Sutton-Tyrrell K and Matthews KA (2005) Androgens are associated with hemostatic and inflammatory factors among women at the mid-life. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 90,6064-6071.
37. Strandberg TE, Ylikorkala O and Tikkanen MJ (2003) Differing effects of oral and transdermal hormone replacement therapy on cardiovascular risk factors in healthy postmenopausal women. Am J Cardiol 92,212-214.
38. Studd J, Pornel B, Marton I, Bringer J, Varin C, Tsouderos Y and Christiansen C (1999) Efficacy and acceptability of intranasal 17 beta-oestradiol for menopausal symptoms: Randomised dose-response study. Aerodiol Study Group. Lancet 353,1574-1578.
39. Torzewski J, Torzewski M, Bowyer DE, Frohlich M, Koenig W, Waltenberger J, Fitzsimmons C and Hombach V (1998) C-reactive protein frequently colocalizes with the terminal complement complex in the intima of early atherosclerotic lesions of human coronary arteries. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 18,1386-1392.
40. Van Baal WM, Kenemans P, van der Mooren MJ, Kessel H, Emeis JJ and Stehouwer CD (1999) Increased C-reactive protein levels during short-term hormone replacement therapy in healthy postmenopausal women. Thromb Haemost 81,925-928.
41. Vehkavaara S, Silveira A, Hakala-Ala-Pietila T, Virkamaki A, Hovatta O, Hamsten A, Taskinen MR and Yki-Jarvinen H (2001) Effects of oral and transdermal estrogen replacement therapy on markers of coagulation, fibrinolysis, inflammation and serum lipids and lipoproteins in postmenopausal women. Thromb Haemost 85,619-625.
42. Vongpatanasin W, Tuncel M, Wang Z, Arbique D, Mehrad B and Jialal I (2003) Differential effects of oral versus transdermal estrogen replacement therapy on C-reactive protein in postmenopausal women. J Am Coll Cardiol 41,1358-1363.
43. Wakatsuki A, Ikenoue N, Shinohara K, Watanabe K and Fukaya T (2004) Effect of lower dosage of oral conjugated equine estrogen on inflammatory markers and endothelial function in healthy postmenopausal women. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 24,571-576.
44. Yilmazer M, Fenkci V, Fenkci S, Sonmezer M, Aktepe O, Altindis M and Kurtay G (2003) Hormone replacement therapy, C-reactive protein, and fibrinogen in healthy postmenopausal women. Maturitas 46,245-253.
45. Ylikorkala O, Evio S, Valimaki M and Tiitinen A (2003) Effects of hormone therapy and alendronate on C-reactive protein, E-selectin, and sex hormone-binding globulin in osteoporotic women. Fertil Steril 80,541-545.