메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 273, Issue 1600, 2006, Pages 2513-2520

Overconfidence in wargames: Experimental evidence on expectations, aggression, gender and testosterone

Author keywords

Aggression; Gender; Overconfidence; Positive illusions; Testosterone; War

Indexed keywords

TESTOSTERONE;

EID: 33748980405     PISSN: 09628452     EISSN: 14712970     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2006.3606     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (155)

References (58)
  • 1
    • 77956732897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Situated optimism: Specific outcome expectancies and self-regulation
    • Armor, D. A. & Taylor, S. E. 1998 Situated optimism: specific outcome expectancies and self-regulation. Adv. Exp. Soc. Psychol. 30, 309-379.
    • (1998) Adv. Exp. Soc. Psychol. , vol.30 , pp. 309-379
    • Armor, D.A.1    Taylor, S.E.2
  • 3
    • 0011112028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aggression and the self: High self-esteem, low selfcontrol, and ego threat
    • ed. R. G. Geen & E. Donnerstein, San Diego, CA: Academic Press
    • Baumeister, R. F. & Boden, J. M. 1998 Aggression and the self: high self-esteem, low selfcontrol, and ego threat. In Human aggression: theories, research, and implications for social policy (ed. R. G. Geen & E. Donnerstein), pp. 111-137. San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
    • (1998) Human Aggression: Theories, Research, and Implications for Social Policy , pp. 111-137
    • Baumeister, R.F.1    Boden, J.M.2
  • 6
    • 0043236150 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Men in committed, romantic relationships have lower testosterone
    • doi:10.1016/S0018-506X(03)00125-9
    • Burnham, T., Chapman, J., Gray, P., McIntyre, M., Lipson, S. & Ellison, P. 2003 Men in committed, romantic relationships have lower testosterone. Horm. Behav. 44, 119-122. (doi:10.1016/S0018-506X(03)00125-9)
    • (2003) Horm. Behav. , vol.44 , pp. 119-122
    • Burnham, T.1    Chapman, J.2    Gray, P.3    McIntyre, M.4    Lipson, S.5    Ellison, P.6
  • 7
    • 84972159336 scopus 로고
    • Rationalist explanations for war
    • Fearon, J. D. 1995 Rationalist explanations for war. Int. Org. 49, 379-414.
    • (1995) Int. Org. , vol.49 , pp. 379-414
    • Fearon, J.D.1
  • 9
    • 0035540686 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attracting trouble: Democracy, leadership tenure and the targeting of militarized challenges, 1981-1992
    • Gelpi, C. & Greico, J. 2001 Attracting trouble: democracy, leadership tenure and the targeting of militarized challenges, 1981-1992. J. Conflict Resolut. 45, 794-817.
    • (2001) J. Conflict Resolut. , vol.45 , pp. 794-817
    • Gelpi, C.1    Greico, J.2
  • 11
    • 0033055476 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Salivary testosterone determination in studies of childhood health and development
    • doi:10.1006/hbeh.1998.1492
    • Granger, D., Schwartz, E., Booth, A. & Arentz, M. 1999 Salivary testosterone determination in studies of childhood health and development. Horm. Behav. 35, 18-27. (doi:10.1006/hbeh.1998.1492)
    • (1999) Horm. Behav. , vol.35 , pp. 18-27
    • Granger, D.1    Schwartz, E.2    Booth, A.3    Arentz, M.4
  • 12
    • 3042683770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social variables predict between-subject but not day-to-day variation in the testosterone of US men
    • doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2004.01.008
    • Gray, P., Campbell, B., Marlowe, F., Lipson, S. & Ellison, P. 2004 Social variables predict between-subject but not day-to-day variation in the testosterone of US men. Psychoneuroendocrinology 29, 1153-1162. (doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2004.01.008)
    • (2004) Psychoneuroendocrinology , vol.29 , pp. 1153-1162
    • Gray, P.1    Campbell, B.2    Marlowe, F.3    Lipson, S.4    Ellison, P.5
  • 13
    • 1642385863 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modeling and simulation: Hollywood fulfills military needs
    • Handley, R. 2003 Modeling and simulation: Hollywood fulfills military needs. Advanced Imaging (March issue). See http://www.advancedimagingpro.com/ publication/article.jsp?pubId=1&id=118.
    • (2003) Advanced Imaging , Issue.MARCH ISSUE
    • Handley, R.1
  • 14
    • 33644527257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The paranoid optimist: An integrative evolutionary model of cognitive biases
    • doi:10.1207/s15327957pspr1001_3
    • Haselton, M. G. & Nettle, D. 2006 The paranoid optimist: an integrative evolutionary model of cognitive biases. Pers. Soc. Psychol. Rev. 10, 47-66. (doi:10.1207/s15327957pspr1001_3)
    • (2006) Pers. Soc. Psychol. Rev. , vol.10 , pp. 47-66
    • Haselton, M.G.1    Nettle, D.2
  • 15
    • 26644444295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leader age, regime type and violence
    • doi:10.1177/0022002705279469
    • Horowitz, M., McDermott, R. & Stam, A. 2005 Leader age, regime type and violence. J. Conflict Resolut. 49, 661-685. (doi:10.1177/0022002705279469)
    • (2005) J. Conflict Resolut. , vol.49 , pp. 661-685
    • Horowitz, M.1    McDermott, R.2    Stam, A.3
  • 17
    • 0029569162 scopus 로고
    • Mental motor imagery: A window into the representational stages of action
    • doi:10.1016/0959-4388(95)80099-9
    • Jeannerod, M. & Decety, J. 1995 Mental motor imagery: a window into the representational stages of action. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 5, 727-732. (doi:10.1016/0959-4388(95)80099-9)
    • (1995) Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. , vol.5 , pp. 727-732
    • Jeannerod, M.1    Decety, J.2
  • 21
    • 0036290033 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is military incompetence adaptive? An empirical test with risk-raking behaviour in modern warfare
    • doi:10.1016/S1090-5138(01)00087-3
    • Johnson, D. D. P., Wrangham, R. W. & Rosen, S. P. 2002 Is military incompetence adaptive? An empirical test with risk-raking behaviour in modern warfare. Evolut. Hum. Behav. 23, 245-264. (doi:10.1016/S1090-5138(01)00087-3)
    • (2002) Evolut. Hum. Behav. , vol.23 , pp. 245-264
    • Johnson, D.D.P.1    Wrangham, R.W.2    Rosen, S.P.3
  • 24
    • 84995202075 scopus 로고
    • Development of protocols for the application of salivary steroid analyses to field conditions
    • doi:10.1002/ajhb.1310010304
    • Lipson, S. & Ellison, P. 1989 Development of protocols for the application of salivary steroid analyses to field conditions. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 1, 249-255. (doi:10.1002/ajhb.1310010304)
    • (1989) Am. J. Hum. Biol. , vol.1 , pp. 249-255
    • Lipson, S.1    Ellison, P.2
  • 26
    • 0142119360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The second to fourth digit ratio and variation in the androgen receptor gene
    • doi:10.1016/S1090-5138(03)00052-7
    • Manning, J. T., Bundred, P. E., Newton, D. J. & Flanagan, B. F. 2003 The second to fourth digit ratio and variation in the androgen receptor gene. Evolut. Hum. Behav. 24, 399-405. (doi:10.1016/S1090-5138(03)00052-7)
    • (2003) Evolut. Hum. Behav. , vol.24 , pp. 399-405
    • Manning, J.T.1    Bundred, P.E.2    Newton, D.J.3    Flanagan, B.F.4
  • 27
    • 0031696956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testosterone and dominance in men
    • doi:10.1017/S0140525X98001228
    • Mazur, A. & Booth, A. 1998 Testosterone and dominance in men. Behav. Brain Sci. 21, 353-397. (doi:10.1017/S0140525X98001228)
    • (1998) Behav. Brain Sci. , vol.21 , pp. 353-397
    • Mazur, A.1    Booth, A.2
  • 29
    • 0011113745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of uncertainty and sex in a simulated crisis game
    • McDermott, R. & Cowden, J. 2001 The effects of uncertainty and sex in a simulated crisis game. Int. Interact. 27, 353-380.
    • (2001) Int. Interact. , vol.27 , pp. 353-380
    • McDermott, R.1    Cowden, J.2
  • 32
    • 85121663206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The reproductive ecology of male hominoids
    • ed. P. Ellison, New York, NY: Aldine
    • Muller, M. N. & Wrangham, R. W. 2001 The reproductive ecology of male hominoids. In Reproductive ecology and human evolution (ed. P. Ellison), pp. 397-427. New York, NY: Aldine.
    • (2001) Reproductive Ecology and Human Evolution , pp. 397-427
    • Muller, M.N.1    Wrangham, R.W.2
  • 33
    • 12444316185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adaptive illusions: Optimism, control and human rationality
    • (ed. D. Evans & P. Cruse). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press
    • Nettle, D. 2004 Adaptive illusions: optimism, control and human rationality. In Emotion, evolution and rationality (ed. D. Evans & P. Cruse). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
    • (2004) Emotion, Evolution and Rationality
    • Nettle, D.1
  • 37
    • 85047675495 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The future of optimism
    • doi:10.1037/0003-066X.55.1.44
    • Peterson, C. 2000 The future of optimism. Am. Psychol. 55, 44-55. (doi:10.1037/0003-066X.55.1.44)
    • (2000) Am. Psychol. , vol.55 , pp. 44-55
    • Peterson, C.1
  • 39
    • 0024004572 scopus 로고
    • A principal-components analysis of the Narcissistic Personality Inventory and further evidence of its construct validation
    • doi:10.1037/0022-3514.54.5.890
    • Raskin, R. & Terry, H. 1988 A principal-components analysis of the Narcissistic Personality Inventory and further evidence of its construct validation. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 54, 890-902. (doi:10.1037/0022-3514.54.5.890)
    • (1988) J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. , vol.54 , pp. 890-902
    • Raskin, R.1    Terry, H.2
  • 40
    • 84884099280 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press
    • Rosen, S. P. 2004 War and human nature. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
    • (2004) War and Human Nature
    • Rosen, S.P.1
  • 41
    • 85020791868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sagarin, R. & Taylor, T. (eds) In press. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press
    • Sagarin, R. & Taylor, T. (eds) In press. Darwinian security: perspectives from ecology and evolution. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
    • Darwinian Security: Perspectives from Ecology and Evolution
  • 43
    • 77949614335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The power of positive illusions
    • 26 September 2004
    • Shea, C. 2004 The power of positive illusions. The Boston Globe, 26 September 2004. See http://www.boston.com/news/globe/ideas/articles/2004/09/26/ the_power_of_positive_illusions.
    • (2004) The Boston Globe
    • Shea, C.1
  • 46
    • 0030329780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Positive illusions and coping with adversity
    • doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.1996.tb00947.x
    • Taylor, S. E. & Armor, D. A. 1996 Positive illusions and coping with adversity. J. Pers. 64, 873-898. (doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.1996.tb00947.x)
    • (1996) J. Pers. , vol.64 , pp. 873-898
    • Taylor, S.E.1    Armor, D.A.2
  • 47
    • 0023968228 scopus 로고
    • Illusion and well-being: A social psychological perspective on mental health
    • doi:10.1037/0033-2909.103.2.193
    • Taylor, S. E. & Brown, J. D. 1988 Illusion and well-being: a social psychological perspective on mental health. Psychol. Bull. 103, 193-210. (doi:10.1037/0033-2909.103.2.193)
    • (1988) Psychol. Bull. , vol.103 , pp. 193-210
    • Taylor, S.E.1    Brown, J.D.2
  • 48
    • 0028473917 scopus 로고
    • Positive illusions and well-being revisited: Separating fact from fiction
    • doi:10.1037/0033-2909.116.1.21
    • Taylor, S. E. & Brown, J. D. 1994 Positive illusions and well-being revisited: separating fact from fiction. Psychol. Bull. 116, 21-27. (doi:10.1037/0033-2909.116.1.21)
    • (1994) Psychol. Bull. , vol.116 , pp. 21-27
    • Taylor, S.E.1    Brown, J.D.2
  • 52
    • 0034017989 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The elements of a scientific theory of self-deception
    • Trivers, R. L. 2000 The elements of a scientific theory of self-deception. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 907, 114-131.
    • (2000) Ann. NY Acad. Sci. , vol.907 , pp. 114-131
    • Trivers, R.L.1
  • 53
    • 85020837763 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Joint Forces Command 2002. See http://www.jfcom.mil/about/experiments/ mc02.htm.
    • (2002)
  • 54
    • 0004171805 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press
    • Van Evera, S. 1999 Causes of war. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
    • (1999) Causes of War
    • Van Evera, S.1
  • 55
    • 33748973021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why states believe foolish ideas: Nonself-evaluation by states and societies
    • ed. A. K. Hanami, New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan
    • Van Evera, S. 2003 Why states believe foolish ideas: nonself-evaluation by states and societies. In Perspectives on structural realism (ed. A. K. Hanami), pp. 163-198. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan.
    • (2003) Perspectives on Structural Realism , pp. 163-198
    • Van Evera, S.1
  • 57
    • 0032621088 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is military incompetence adaptive?
    • doi:10.1016/S1090-5138(98)00040-3
    • Wrangham, R. 1999 Is military incompetence adaptive? Evolut. Hum. Behav. 20, 3-17. (doi:10.1016/S1090-5138(98)00040-3)
    • (1999) Evolut. Hum. Behav. , vol.20 , pp. 3-17
    • Wrangham, R.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.