Effect of long-term treatment with raloxifene on mammary density in postmenopausal women

Menopause

Volumn 13, Issue 5, 2006, Pages 787-792

  Lasco, Antonino ^a   Gaudio, Agostino ^a   Morini, Elisa ^a   Morabito, Nancy ^a   Nicita Mauro, Claudio ^a   Catalano, Antonino ^a   Denuzzo, Giulia ^a   Sansotta, Carlo ^a   Xourafa, Anastasia ^a   Macrì, Ilaria ^a   Frisina, Nicola ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MESSINA   (Italy)

Author keywords

Breast cancer; Breast density; Insulinlike growth factor 1; Raloxifene; Selective estrogen receptor modulator; Sex hormone binding globulin

Indexed keywords

CALCIUM; COLECALCIFEROL; RALOXIFENE; SEX HORMONE BINDING GLOBULIN; SOMATOMEDIN BINDING PROTEIN 3; SOMATOMEDIN C;

ADULT; ARTICLE; BREAST; CONTROLLED STUDY; DENSITY; DIET; DRUG EFFECT; DUAL ENERGY X RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY; FEMALE; HUMAN; IMAGE ANALYSIS; LONG TERM CARE; LUMBAR SPINE; MAMMOGRAPHY; POSTMENOPAUSE; PROTEIN BLOOD LEVEL; VITAMIN SUPPLEMENTATION;

ADULT; BONE DENSITY CONSERVATION AGENTS; BREAST; BREAST NEOPLASMS; CASE-CONTROL STUDIES; DENSITOMETRY, X-RAY; FEMALE; HUMANS; IMAGE PROCESSING, COMPUTER-ASSISTED; INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR BINDING PROTEIN 3; INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR I; LUMBAR VERTEBRAE; MAMMOGRAPHY; MIDDLE AGED; POSTMENOPAUSE; RALOXIFENE; SELECTIVE ESTROGEN RECEPTOR MODULATORS; SEX HORMONE-BINDING GLOBULIN;

EID: 33748922260     PISSN: 10723714     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/01.gme.0000233493.20712.ad     Document Type: Article

References (24)

1. Kopans DB. Breast Imaging, 2nd ed. New York: Lippincott-Raven, 1998:239-241.
2. Wolfe JN. Breast pattern as an index of risk for developing breast cancer. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1976;126:1130-1139.
3. Boyd NF, Byng JW, Jong RA, et al. Quantitative classification of mammographic densities and breast cancer risk: results from the Canadian National Breast Screening Study. J Natl Cancer Inst 1995;87:670-675.
4. Greendale GA, Reboussin BA, Sie A, et al. Effects of estrogen and estrogen-progestin on mammographic parenchymal density. Postmenopausal Estrogen/Progestin Interventions (PEPI) Investigators. Ann Intern Med 1999;130:262-269.
5. Nolvadex (tamoxifen citrate) [package insert]. Wilmington, DE: Zeneca Pharmaceuticals, 1998.
6. Cuzick J, Forbes J, Edwards R, et al. First results from the International Breast Cancer Intervention Study (IBIS-I): a randomised prevention trial. Lancet 2002;360:817-824.
7. Delmas PD, Bjarnason NH, Mitlak BH, et al. Effects of raloxifene on bone mineral density, serum cholesterol concentrations, and uterine endometrium in postmenopausal women. N Engl J Med 1997;337:1641-1647.
8. Ettinger B, Black DM, Mitlak BH, et al. Reduction of vertebral fracture risk in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis treated with raloxifene: results from a 3-year randomized clinical trial. Multiple Outcomes of Raloxifene Evaluation (MORE) Investigators. JAMA 1999;282:637-645.
9. Cummings SR, Eckert S, Krueger KA, et al. The effect of raloxifene on risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women: results from the MORE randomised trial. Multiple Outcomes of Raloxifene Evaluation. JAMA 1999;281:2189-2197.
10. Jemal A, Murray T, Ward E, et al. Cancer statistics, 2005. CA Cancer J Clin 2005;55:10-30.
11. Clemons M, Goss P. Estrogen and the risk of breast cancer. N Engl J Med 2001;344:276-285.
12. Paech K, Webb P, Kuiper GG, et al. Differential ligand activation of estrogen receptors ERα and ERβ at AP1 sites. Science 1997;277:1508-1510.
13. Barkhem T, Carlsson B, Nilsson Y, Enmark E, Gustafsson J, Nilsson S. Differential response of estrogen receptor α and estrogen receptor β to partial estrogen agonists/antagonists. Mol Pharmacol 1998;54:105-112.
14. Gail MH, Costantino JP, Bryant J, et al. Weighing the risks and benefits of tamoxifen treatment for preventing breast cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 1999;91:1829-1846.
15. Martino S, Costantino J, McNabb M, et al. The role of selective estrogen receptor modulators in the prevention of breast cancer: comparison of the clinical trials. Oncologist 2004;9:116-125.
16. Byng JW, Yaffe MJ, Jong RA, et al. Analysis of mammographic density and breast cancer risk from digitized mammograms. Radiographics 1998;18:1587-1598.
17. Saftlas AF, Hoover RN, Brinton LA, et al. Mammographic densities and risk of breast cancer. Cancer 1991;67:2833-2838.
18. Freedman M, San Martin J, O'Gorman J, et al. Digitized mammography a clinical trial of postmenopausal women randomly assigned to receive raloxifene, estrogen, or placebo. J Natl Cancer Inst 2001;93:51-56.
19. Pollak MN. Endocrine effects of IGF-I on normal and transformed breast epithelial cells: potential relevance to strategies for breast cancer treatment and prevention. Breast Cancer Res Treat 1998;47:209-217.
20. Hankinson SE, Willett WC, Colditz GA, et al. Circulating concentration of IGF-1 and risk of breast cancer. Lancet 1998;351:1393-1396.
21. Byrne C, Colditz GA, Willett WC, Speizer FE, Pollak M, Hankinson SE. Plasma insulin-like growth factor (IGF) I, IGF-binding protein 3, and mammographic density. Cancer Res 2000;60:3744-3748.
22. Duschek EJ, de Valk-de Roo GW, Gooren LJ, Netelenbos C. Effects of conjugated equine estrogen vs. raloxifene on serum insulin-like growth factor-1 and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3: a 2-year, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Fertil Steril 2004;82:384-390.
23. Andersson B, Johannsson G, Holm G, et al. Raloxifene does not affect insulin sensitivity or glycemic control in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized clinical trial. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2002;87:122-128.
24. Key T, Appleby P, Barnes I, Reeves G, Endogenous Hormones and Breast Cancer Collaborative Group. Endogenous sex hormones and breast cancer in postmenopausal women: reanalysis of nine prospective studies. J Natl Cancer Inst 2002;94:606-616.