Renal oxygen delivery: Matching delivery to metabolic demand

Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology

Volumn 33, Issue 10, 2006, Pages 961-967

  O'Connor, Paul M ^a  

^a MEDICAL COLLEGE OF WISCONSIN   (United States)

Author keywords

Kidney; Metabolism; Oxygen; Renal blood flow; Renal disease

Indexed keywords

OXYGEN;

FEEDBACK SYSTEM; GLOMERULAR STRUCTURE; GLOMERULUS FILTRATION; HUMAN; HYPOXIA; KIDNEY BLOOD FLOW; KIDNEY CORTEX; KIDNEY HYPOXIA; KIDNEY MEDULLA; KIDNEY METABOLISM; KIDNEY PERFUSION; KIDNEY TUBULE ABSORPTION; KIDNEY TUBULE FUNCTION; METABOLIC REGULATION; NONHUMAN; OXYGEN CONSUMPTION; OXYGEN DIFFUSION; OXYGEN SUPPLY; OXYGENATION; REVIEW;

ANIMALS; ANOXIA; FEEDBACK; HUMANS; KIDNEY; KIDNEY CORTEX; KIDNEY GLOMERULUS; KIDNEY MEDULLA; KIDNEY TUBULES; MODELS, BIOLOGICAL; OXYGEN; OXYGEN CONSUMPTION; PERFUSION; REGIONAL BLOOD FLOW; RENAL CIRCULATION; RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGICAL PHENOMENA; RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY; SODIUM;

EID: 33748883938     PISSN: 03051870     EISSN: 14401681     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1681.2006.04475.x     Document Type: Review

References (79)

1. Persson PB, Ehmke H, Kirchheim HR et al. Autoregulation and non-homeostatic behaviour of renal blood flow in conscious dogs. J. Physiol. 1993; 462: 261-73.
2. Levy MN. Effect of variations of blood flow on renal oxygen extraction. Am. J. Physiol. 1960; 199: 13-18.
3. Leonard BL, Malpas SC, Denton KM, Madden AC, Evans RG. Differential control of intrarenal blood flow during reflex increases in sympathetic nerve activity. Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. 2001; 280: R62-8.
4. Nelimarkka O, Niinikoski J. Renal venous oxygen tension as an indicator of tissue hypoxia in hemorrhagic shock. Crit. Care Med. 1986; 14: 128-31.
5. Gullichsen E, Nelimarkka O, Halkola L, Niinikoski J. Renal oxygenation in endotoxin shock in dogs. Crit. Care Med. 1989; 17: 547-50.
6. Palm F, Cederberg J, Hansell P, Liss P, Carlsson PO. Reactive oxygen species cause diabetes-induced decrease in renal oxygen tension. Diabetologia 2003; 46: 1153-60.
7. 2 and renal oxygen usage in the hypertensive rat kidney. Kidney Int. 2001; 59: 230-7.
8. Liss P, Nygren A, Revsbech NP, Ulfendahl HR. Measurements of oxygen tension in the rat kidney after contrast media using an oxygen microelectrode with a guard cathode. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 1997; 411: 569-76.
9. 2. Microvasc. Res. 1972; 4: 247-57.
10. Blantz RC, Weir MR. Are the oxygen costs of kidney function highly regulated? Curr. Opin. Nephrol. Hypertens. 2004; 13: 67-71.
11. Masaomi N. Chronic hypoxia and tubulointerstitial injury: A final common pathway to end stage renal failure. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 2006; 17: 17-25.
12. Fine LG, Norman JT. The breathing kidney. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 2002; 13: 1974-6.
13. Eckardt K, Bernhardt W, Weidemann A et al. Role of hypoxia in the pathogenesis of renal disease. Kidney Int. 2005; 99: S46-51.
14. Archie JPJ. Anatomic arterial-venous shunting in endotoxic and septic shock in dogs. Ann. Surg. 1997; 186: 171-6.
15. Bassingthwaighte JB, Yipintsoi T, Knopp TJ. Diffusional arteriovenous shunting in the heart. Microvasc. Res. 1984; 28: 233-53.
16. Vovenko E. Distribution of oxygen tension on the surface of arterioles, capillaries and venules of brain cortex and in tissue in normoxia: An experimental study on rats. Pflügers Arch. 1999; 437: 617-23.
17. Honig CR, Gayeski TE, Clark AJ, Clark PA. Arteriovenous oxygen diffusion shunt is negligible in resting and working gracilis muscles. Am. J. Physiol. 1991; 261: H2031-43.
18. Levy MN, Imperial ES. Oxygen shunting in renal cortical and medullary capillaries. Am. J. Physiol. 1961; 200: 159-62.
19. Schurek HJ, Jost U, Baumgartl H, Bertram H, Heckmann U. Evidence for a preglomerular oxygen diffusion shunt in rat renal cortex. Am. J. Physiol. 1990; 259: F910-15.
20. Burke TJ, Malhotra D, Shapiro JI. Factors maintaining a pH gradeint within the kidney: Role of the vascularture architecture. Kidney Int. 1999; 56: 1826-37.
21. Frank M, Kriz W. The luminal aspect of intrarenal arteries and veins in the rat as revealed by scanning electron microscopy. Anat. Embryol. 1988; 177: 371-6.
22. 2 shunting is a structural antioxidant defence mechanism of the renal cortex. Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol. 2006; 33: 637-41.
23. Aukland K, Krog J. Renal oxygen tension. Nature 1960; 188: 671.
24. 2. Pflügers Arch. 1969; 309: 328-49.
25. Epstein FH, Prasad P. Effects of furosemide on medullary oxygenation in younger and older subjects. Kidney Int. 2000; 57: 2080-3.
26. Strauss J, Beran AV, Brown CT, Katurich N. Renal oxygenation under 'normal' conditions. Am. J. Physiol. 1968; 215: 1482-7.
27. Gullans. SR, Hebert. SC. Metaboic basis of ion transport. In: Brenner B, Rector C (eds). The Kidney. WB Saunders, Sydeny. 1991; 77-109.
28. Zou AP, Cowley Jr AW. Reactive oxygen species and molecular regulation of renal oxygenation. Acta Physiol. Scand. 2003; 179: 233-41.
29. Epstein FH, Brezis M, Silva P, Rosen S. Physiological and clinical implications of medullary hypoxia. Artif. Organs 1987; 11: 463-7.
30. Heyman SN, Brezis M, Reubinoff CA et al. Acute renal failure with selective medullary injury in the rat. J. Clin. Invest. 1988; 82: 401-12.
31. Brezis M, Rosen S, Epstein F. Acute renal failure. In: Brenner B, Rector C (eds). The Kidney, 4th edn. WB Saunders, Sydney. 1991; 993-1061.
32. Pallone TL, Robertson CR, Jamison RL. Renal medullary microcirculation. Physiol. Rev. 1990; 70: 885-920.
33. Rasmussen SN. Red cell and plasma volume flows to the inner medulla of the rat kidney: Determinations by means of a step function input indicator technique. Pflügers Arch. 1978; 373: 153-9.
34. Zimmerhackl B, Dussel R, Steinhausen M. Erythrocyte flow and dynamic hematocrit in the renal papilla of the rat. Am. J. Physiol. 1985; 249: F898-902.
35. Pallone TL, Edwards A, Kreisberg M. The intrarenal distribution of blood flow. In: Anderson WP, Evans RG, Stevenson KM (eds). The Renal Circulation. JAI Press, Stamford. 2000; 76-87.
36. Meier J, Pape A, Kleen M, Hutter J, Kemming G, Habler O. Regional blood flow during hyperoxic haemodilution. Clin. Physiol. Funct. Imaging 2005; 25: 158-65.
37. Edelman GJ, Hoffman WE, Rico C, Ripper R. Comparison of brain tissue and local cerebral venous gas tensions and pH. Neurol. Res. 2000; 22: 642-4.
38. Ferreira LF, Padilla DJ, Williams J, Hageman KS, Musch TI, Poole DC. Effects of altered nitric oxide availability on rat muscle microvascular oxygenation during contractions. Acta Physiol. Scand. 2006; 186: 223-32.
39. Brezis M, Dinour D, Greenfeld Z, Rosen S. Susceptibility of Henle's loop to hypoxic and toxic insults. Adv. Nephrol. Necker Hosp. 1991; 20: 41-56.
40. Pallone TL, Turner MR, Edwards A, Jamison RL. Countercurrent exchange in the renal medulla. Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. 2003; 284: R1153-75.
41. Zhang. W, Edwards. A. Oxygen transport across vasa recta in the renal medulla. Am. J. Physiol. 2002; 283: H1042-55.
42. Lassen NA, Longley JB. Countercurrent exchange in vessels of renal medulla. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 1961; 106: 743-8.
43. Katz. AI, Doucet A, Morel F. Na-K-ATPase activity along the rabbit, rat and mouse nephron. Am. J. Physiol. 1979; 226: F114-20.
44. Abrahams S, Greenwald L, Stetson DL. Contribution of renal medullary mitochondrial density to urinary concentrating ability in mammals. Am. J. Physiol. 1991; 261: R719-26.
45. Persson PB. Renal blood flow autoregulation in blood pressure control. Curr. Opin. Nephrol. Hypertens. 2002; 11: 67-72.
46. Magyar CE, Zhang Y, Holstien-Rathlou NH, McDonough AA. Downstream shift in sodium pump activity along the nephron during acute hypertension. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 2001; 12: 2231-40.
47. Brezis M, Heyman SN, Epstein FH. Determinants of intrarenal oxygenation. II. Hemodynamic effects. Am. J. Physiol. 1994; 267: F1063-8.
48. 2 delivery to the exposed rat kidney. Am. J. Physiol. 1981; 241: F257-62.
49. Brezis M, Agmon Y, Epstein FH. Determinants of intrarenal oxygenation. I. Effects of diuretics. Am. J. Physiol. 1994; 267: F1059-62.
50. Epstein FH, Agmon Y, Brezis M. Physiology of renal hypoxia. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 1994; 718: 72-81.
51. Evans RG, Madden AC, Denton KM. Diversity of responses of renal cortical and medullary blood flow to vasoconstrictors in conscious rabbits. Acta Physiol. Scand. 2000; 169: 297-308.
52. Guild SJ, Eppel GA, Malpas SC, Rajapakse NW, Stewart A, Evans RG. Regional responsiveness of renal perfusion to activation of the renal nerves. Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. 2002; 283: R1177-86.
53. Evans RG, Eppel GA, Anderson WP, Denton KM. Mechanisms underlying the differential control of blood flow in the renal medulla and cortex. J. Hypertens. 2004; 22: 1439-51.
54. O'Connor P, Anderson WP, Kett M, Evans RG. Medullary oxygenation is dependent on both cortical and medullary blood flow. Am. J. Physiol. 2006; 290: F688-94.
55. Dobrowolski L, Badzynska B, Walkowask A, Sadowski J. Osmotic hypertonicity of the renal medulla during changes in renal perfusion pressure in the rat. J. Physiol. 1998; 508: 929-35.
56. Pallone TL, Work J, Myers RL, Jamison RL. Transport of sodium and urea in outer medullary descending vasa recta. J. Clin. Invest. 1994; 93: 212-22.
57. Pallone TL. Vasoconstriction of outer medullary vasa recta by angiotensin II is modulated by prostaglandin E2. Am. J. Physiol. 1994; 266: F850-7.
58. Pallone TL, Silldorff EP. Pericyte regulation of renal medullary blood flow. Exp. Nephrol. 2001; 9: 165-70.
59. Brezis M, Heyman SN, Dinour D, Epstein FH, Rosen S. Role of nitric oxide in renal medullary oxygenation. Studies in isolated and intact rat kidneys. J. Clin. Invest. 1991; 88: 390-5.
60. Zou AP, Cowley Jr AW. Nitric oxide in renal cortex and medulla. An in vivo microdialysis study. Hypertension 1997; 29: 194-8.
61. Cowley Jr AW, Mori T, Mattson D, Zou AP. Role of renal NO production in the regulation of medullary blood flow. Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. 2003; 284: R1355-69.
62. Adler S, Huang H, Loke KE et al. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase plays as essential role in the regulation of renal oxygen consumption. Am. J. Physiol. 2001; 280: F838-43.
63. Herrera M, Oritz PA, Garvin JL. Regulation of thick ascending limb transport: Role of nitric oxide. Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol 2006; 290: F1279-84.
64. - and is diminished by high-salt diet. Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol. 2004; 287: F224-30.
65. Brown GC. Nitric oxide regulates mitochondrial respiration and cell functions by inhibiting cytochrome oxidase. FEBS Lett. 1995; 356: 136-9.
66. Koivisto A, Pittner J, Froelich M, Persson EG. Oxygen-dependent inhibition of respiration in isolated renal tubules by nitric oxide. Kidney Int. 1999; 55: 2368-75.
67. Koivisto A, Matthias A, Bronnikov G, Nedergaard J. Kinetics of inhibition of mitochondrial respiration by nitric oxide. FEBS Lett. 1997; 417: 75-80.
68. Vinas JL, Sola A, Hotter G. Mitochondrial NOS upregulation during renal I/R causes apoptosis in a peroxynitrite-dependent manner. Kidney Int. 2006; 69: 1403-9.
69. Zhang W, Pibulsonggram T, Edwards A. Determinants of basal nitric oxide concentration in the renal medullary microcirculation. Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol. 2004; 287: F1189-203.
70. Zou AP, Li N, Cowley Jr AW. Production and actions of superoxide in the renal medulla. Hypertension 2001; 37: 547-53.
71. Welch WJ, Blau J, Xie H, Chabrashvili T, Wilcox CS. Angiotensin-induced defects in renal oxygenation: Role of oxidative stress. Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 2005; 288: H22-8.
72. Li N, Yi FX, Spurrier JL, Bobrowitz CA, Zou AP. Production of superoxide through NADH oxidase in thick ascending limb of Henle's loop in rat kidney. Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol. 2002; 282: F1111-19.
73. Chen Y, Gill P, Welch WJ. Oxygen availability limits renal NADPH-dependent superoxide production. Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol. 2005; 289: F749-53.
74. Heyman SN, Goldfarb M, Darmon D, Brezis M. Tissue oxygenation modifies nitric oxide bioavailability. Microcirculation 1999; 6: 199-203.
75. Zou AP, Nithipatikom K, Li PL, Cowley Jr AW. Role of renal medullary adenosine in the control of blood flow and sodium excretion. Am. J. Physiol. 1999; 276: R790-8.
76. Beach RE, Good DW. Effects of adenosine on ion transport in rat medullary thick ascending limb. Am. J. Physiol. 1992; 263: F482-7.
77. Dinour D, Brezis M. Effects of adenosine on intrarenal oxygenation. Am. J. Physiol. 1991; 261: F787-91.
78. Beach RE, Watts BA, Good DW, Benedict CR, DuBose TD. Effect of graded oxygen tension on adenosine release by renal medullary and thick ascending limb suspensions. Kidney Int. 1991; 39: 836-42.
79. Schurek HJ, Johns O. Is tubuloglomerular feedback a tool to prevent nephron oxygen deficiency? Kidney Int. 1997; 51: 386-92.