Challenges in the treatment of anxiety disorders: Beyond guidelines

International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice

Volumn 10, Issue SUPPL. 3, 2006, Pages 18-24

  Lam, Raymond W ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA   (Canada)

Author keywords

Antidepressants; Anxiety disorders; Comorbidity; Depression; Treatment guidelines

Indexed keywords

ABECARNIL; ALPRAZOLAM; ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENT; ANXIOLYTIC AGENT; BENZODIAZEPINE DERIVATIVE; BUSPIRONE; CITALOPRAM; DIAZEPAM; DULOXETINE; ESCITALOPRAM; FLUOXETINE; FLUVOXAMINE; HYDROXYZINE; IMIPRAMINE; NORADRENALIN UPTAKE INHIBITOR; OPIPRAMOL; PAROXETINE; PLACEBO; SEROTONIN UPTAKE INHIBITOR; SERTRALINE; TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENT; TRIFLUOPERAZINE; VENLAFAXINE;

ANXIETY DISORDER; COMORBIDITY; CONFERENCE PAPER; DEPRESSION; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG TOLERABILITY; EVIDENCE BASED PRACTICE; HUMAN; INTERNET; LONG TERM CARE; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; PREVALENCE; PRIMARY MEDICAL CARE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PSYCHOTHERAPY; RELAPSE; REMISSION; TREATMENT OUTCOME; UNSPECIFIED SIDE EFFECT;

EID: 33748420185     PISSN: 13651501     EISSN: 14711788     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/13651500600933851     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (50)

1. Kessler RC, McGonagle KA, Zhoa S, et al. Lifetime and 12-month prevalence of DSM-III-R psychiatric disorders in the United States. Results from the National Comorbidity Survey. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1994;51:8-19.
2. Collins KA, Westra HA, Dozois DJA, Burns DD. Gaps in accessing treatment for anxiety and depression: Challenges for the delivery of care. Clin Psychol Rev 2004;24:583-616.
3. Devane CL, Chiao E, Franklin M, Kruep EJ. Anxiety disorders in the 21st century: status, challenges, opportunities, and comorbidity with depression. Am J Manage Care 2005;12(Suppl):S344-53.
4. Ohayon MM, Shapiro CM, Kennedy SH. Differentiating DSM-IV anxiety and depressive disorders in the general population: comorbidity and treatment consequences. Can J Psychiatry 2000;45(2):166-72.
5. Davidson JRT, Hughes DL, George LK, Blazer DG. The epidemiology of social phobia: findings from the Duke Epidemiological Catchment Area Study. Psychol Med 1993;23:709-18.
6. Blumenthal R, Endicott J. Barriers to seeking treatment for major depression. Depress Anxiety 1996-97;4(6):273-8.
7. Mojtabai R, Olfson M, Mechanic D. Perceived need and help-seeking in adults with mood, anxiety, or substance use disorders. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2002;59(1):77-84.
8. Kasper S. Anxiety disorders: under-diagnosed and insufficiently treated. Int J Psych Clin Pract 2006;10(Suppl 1):3-9.
9. Sartorius N, Ustun TB, Lecrubier Y, Wittchen HU. Depression comorbid with anxiety: results from the WHO study on psychological disorders in primary health care. Br J Psychiatry Suppl 1996;30:38-43.
10. Wang PS, Berglund P, Kessler RC. Recent care of common mental disorders in the United States: prevalence and conformance with evidence-based recommendations. J Gen Intern Med 2000;15(5):284-92.
11. Goldenberg IM, White K, Yonkers K, et al. The infrequency of "pure culture" diagnoses among the anxiety disorders. J Clin Psychiatry 1996;57(11):528-33.
12. Hirschfield RM. The comorbidity of major depression and anxiety disorders: recognition and management in primary care. Primary Care Companion. J Clin Psychiatry 2001;3(6):244-54.
13. Beekman AT, de Beurs E, van Balkom AJ, et al. Anxiety and depression in later life: Co-occurrence and communality of risk factors. Am J Psychiatry 2000;157(1):89-95.
14. Flint AJ. Generalised anxiety disorder in elderly patients: epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment options. Drugs Aging 2005;22(2):101-14 [Review].
15. Vollrath M, Koch R, Angst J. The Zurich Study. IX Panic disorder and sporadic panic: Symptoms, diagnosis, prevalence and, overlap with depression. Eur Arch Psychiatr Neurol Sci 1990;239:221-30.
16. Sherbourne CD, Wells KB, Meredith LS, Jackson CA, Camp P. Comorbid anxiety disorder and the functioning and well-being of chronically ill patients of general medical providers. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1996;53(10):889-95.
17. Olfson M, Fireman B, Weissman MM, et al. Mental disorders and disability among patients in a primary care group practice. Am J Psychiatry 1997;154(12):1734-40.
18. Kessler RC, Stang PE, Wittchen HU, Ustun TB, Roy-Burne PP, Walters EE. Lifetime panic-depression comorbidity in the National Comorbidity Survey. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1998;55(9):801-8.
19. Kessler RC, DuPont RL, Berglund P, Wittchen H-U. Impairment in pure and comorbid generalized anxiety disorder and major depression at 12 months in two national surveys. Am J Psychiatry 1999;156:1915-23.
20. Baldwin DS, Anderson IM, Nutt DJ, et al. British Association for Psychopharmacology. Evidence-based guidelines for the pharmacological treatment of anxiety disorders: recommendations from the British Association for Psychopharmacology. J Psychopharmacol 2005;19(6):567-96.
21. Peveler R, Kendrick T. Treatment delivery and guidelines in primary care. Br Med Bull 2001;57:193-206.
22. Gilbody S, Whitty P, Grimshaw J, Thomas R. Educational and organizational interventions to improve the management of depression in primary care: a systematic review. J Am Med Assoc 2003;289(23):3145-51 [Review].
23. Lazarus A. Economic grand rounds: the promise of disease management. Psychiatr Serv 2001;52:169-71.
24. Roy-Byrne PP, Wagner A. Primary care perspectives on generalized anxiety disorder. J Clin Psychiatry 2004;65(Suppl 13):20-6.
25. Neumeyer-Gromen A, Lampert T, Stark K, Kallischnigg G. Disease management programs for depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Med Care 2004;42:1211-21.
26. Guidelines and Protocols Advisory Committee (GPAC). Diagnosis and Management of Major Depressive Disorder. Victoria, BC: Ministry of Health; 2004 [www.hlth.gov.bc.ca/msp/protoguides/gps/depression.pdf].
27. Trivedi MH, Rush AJ, Wisniewski SR, et al. Evaluation of outcomes with citalopram for depression using measurement-based care in STAR*D: implications for clinical practice. Am J Psychiatry 2006;163:28-40.
28. Adli M, Bauer M, Rush AJ. Algorithms and collaborative-care systems for depression: Are they effective and why? A systematic review. Biol Psychiatry 2006;59:1029-38.
29. Lam RW, Michalak EE, Swinson RP. Assessment scales in depression, mania and anxiety. London: Taylor and Francis; 2005.
30. Thase ME. Managing depressive and anxiety disorders with escitalopram. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2006;7:429-40.
31. Sánchez C, Bogeso KP, Ebert B, Reines EH, Braestrup C. Escitalopram versus citalopram: the surprising role of the R-enantiomer. Psychopharmacology (Berlin) 2004;174(2):163-76 [Review].
32. Sánchez C. The pharmacology of citalopram enantiomers: the antagonism by R-citalopram on the effect of S-citalopram. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2006;98:91-5.
33. Bielski RJ, Bose A, Chang CC. A double-blind comparison of escitalopram and paroxetine in the long-term treatment of generalized anxiety disorder. Ann Clin Psychiatry 2005;17(2):65-9.
34. Davidson JRT, Bose A, Wang Q. Safety and efficacy of escitalopram in the long-term treatment of generalized anxiety disorder. J Clin Psychiatry 2005;66(11):1441-6.
35. Kasper S, Stein DJ, Loft H, Nil R. Escitalopram in the treatment of social anxiety disorder: randomised, placebo-controlled, flexible-dosage study. Br J Psychiatry 2005;186:222-6.
36. Montgomery SA, Nil R, Durr-Pal N, Loft H, Boulenger JP. A 24-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of escitalopram for the prevention of generalized social anxiety disorder. J Clin Psychiatry 2005;66(10):1270-8.
37. Kasper S, Resinger E. Panic disorder: the place of benzo-diazepines and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2001;11(4):307-21 [Review].
38. Nutt DJ. Overview of diagnosis and drug treatments of anxiety disorders. CNS Spectr 2005;10(1):49-56.
39. Smith D, Dempster C, Glanville J, Freemantle N, Anderson I. Efficacy and tolerability of venlafaxine compared with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and other antidepressants: a meta-analysis. Br J Psychiatry 2002;180:396-404 [Review].
40. Thase ME, Entsuah AR, Rudolph RL. Remission rates during treatment with venlafaxine or selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Br J Psychiatry 2001;178:234-41.
41. Einarson TR. Evidence based review of escitalopram in treating major depressive disorder in primary care. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 2004;19(5):305-10
42. [Erratum in: Int Clin Psychopharmacol 2004;19(6):363].
43. Waugh J, Goa KL. Escitalopram: a review of its use in the management of major depressive and anxiety disorders. CNS Drugs 2003;17(5):343-62 [Review].
44. Bielski RJ, Ventura D, Change CC. A double-blind comparison of escitalopram and venlafaxine extended release in the treatment of major depressive disorder. J Clin Psychiatry 2004;65:1190-6.
45. Barlow DH, Gorman JM, Shear MK, Woods SW. Cognitive-behavioral therapy, imipramine, or their combination for panic disorder: A randomized controlled trial. J Am Med Assoc 2000;283(19):2529-36
46. [Erratum in: J Am Med Assoc 2000;284(19):2450;
47. J Am Med Assoc 2001;284(20):2597].
48. Pollack MH. Comorbid anxiety and depression. J Clin Psychiatry 2005;66(Suppl 8):22-9 [Review].
49. Pull CB. Self-help internet interventions for mental disorders. Curr Opin Psychiatry 2006;19:50-3.
50. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE). Computerised Cognitive Behaviour Therapy for Depression and Anxiety: Guidance. Technical Appraisal 97. London: NICE; 2006 [www.nice.org.uk/TA097guidance].