Reciprocity of the bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) in measurements and models of structured surfaces

IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing

Volumn 36, Issue 2, 1998, Pages 685691-

  Snyder, William C ^a  

^a GDE Systems Inc   (United States)

Author keywords

Electromagnetic scattering by rough surfaces; Radiative transfer, radiometry, remote sensing

Indexed keywords

EID: 33747910295     PISSN: 01962892     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. A. H. Strahler, A. Moody, E. F. Lambin, A. Huete, C. Justice, J.P. Muller, S. Running, V. Salomonson, V. Vanderbilt, and Z. WanMODIS BRDF/albedo product, Algorithm theoretical basis document, ver. 31, NASA EDSMODIS, 1995.
2. W. C. Snyder, Z. Wan, Y. Zhang, and Y. FengThermal infrared (314//m) bidirectional reflectance measurements of sands and soils, Remote Sens. Environ., vol. 60, pp. 101109, 1996.
3. F. E. Nicodemus, J. C. Richmond, J. J. Hsia, I. W. Ginsberg, and T. Limperis, Geometrical Considerations and Nomenclature for Reflectance, Washington, DC, NBS Mono. 160, 1977.
4. F. J. J. Clarke and D. J. ParryHelmholtz reciprocity: Its validity and application to reflectometry, Ltg. Res. Technol., vol. 17, pp. 111, 1985.
5. P. N. Slater, Remote Sensing: Optics and Optical Systems. New York: AddisonWesley, 1980.
6. F. Reif, Fundamentals of Statistical and Thermal Physics. New York: McGrawHill, 1965.
7. A. Shelankov and G. PikusReciprocity in reflection and transmission of light, Phys. Rev. B, vol. 46, pp. 33263336, 1992.
8. B. D. Ganapol and R. B. MyneniThe application of the principles of invariance to the radiative transfer equation in plant canopies, J. Quant. Spec. Rod. Transf., vol. 48, pp. 321339, 1992.
9. B. HapkeBidirectional reflectance spectroscopy, Icarus, vol. 59, pp. 4159, 1984.
10. C. L. Walthall, J. M. Norman, J. M. Welles, G. Campbell, and B. L. BladSimple equation to approximate the bidirectional reflectance from vegetative canopies and bare soil surfaces, Appl. Opt., vol. 24, pp. 383387, 1985.
11. T. Nilson and A. KuuskA reflectance model for the homogeneous plant canopy and its inversion, Remote Sens. Environ., vol. 27, pp. 157167, 1989.
12. X. Li and A. H. StrahlerGeometricoptical bidirectional reflectance modeling of the discrete crown vegetation canopy: Effect of crown shape and mutual shadowing, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 30, pp. 276291, 1992.
13. W. Wanner, X. Li, and A. H. StrahlerOn the derivation of kernels for kerneldriven models of bidirectional reflectance, J. Geophys. Res., vol. 100, pp. 2107721089, 1995.
14. W. C. Snyder and Z. WanBRDF models to predict spectral reflectance and emissivity in the thermal infrared, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. 36, pp. 214225, Jan. 1998.
15. F. E. Nicodemus, Radiometry, vol. IV of Applied Optics and Optical Engineering. New York: Academic, 1967.
16. J. F. Snell, Radiometry and Photometry, vol. I of Handbook of Optics. New York: McGrawHill, 1978.
17. W. G. Rees, Physical Principles of Remote Sensing. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge Univ. Press, 1990.
18. M. Born and E. Wolf, Principles of Optics, 5th ed. New York: Pergamon, 1975.
19. A. T. DeHoopReciprocity theorem for the electromagnetic field scattered by an obstacle, Appl. Sci. Res., vol. 8, sec. B, pp. 135140, 1960.
20. F. E. NicodemusDirectional reflectance and emissivity of an opaque surface, Appl. Opt., vol. 4, pp. 767773, 1965.
21. Reflectance nomenclature and directional reflectance and emissivity, Appl. Opt., vol. 9, pp. 14741475, 1970.
22. G. BauerReflexionsmessungen an offenen Hohlräumen, Optik, vol. 18, p. 603, 1961.
23. R. Siegel and J. R. Howell, Thermal Radiation Heat Transfer, 2nd ed. Washington, DC: Hemisphere, 1981.
24. H. Okayama and I. OguraExperimental verification of nonreciprocal response in light scattering from rough surfaces, Appl. Opt., vol. 23, pp. 33493352, 1984.
25. W. VenableComments on reciprocity failure, Appl. Opt., vol. 24, p. 3943, 1985.
26. M.J. KimVerification of the reciprocity theorem, Appl. Opt., vol. 27, pp. 26452646, 1988.
27. J. D. Gaskill, Linear Systems, Fourier Transforms, and Optics. New York: Wiley, 1978.
28. J. R. Schott, Remote Sensing: The Image Chain Approach. New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1997.
29. D. S. Kimes, W. W. Newcomb, R. F. Nelson, and J. B. SchuttDirectional reflectance distributions of a hardwood and pine forest canopy, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, vol. GE24, pp. 281293, Mar. 1986.
30. D. W. Deering, S. P. Ahmad, T. F. Eck, and B. P. BanerjeeTemporal attributes of the bidirectional reflectance for three boreal forest canopies, in Proc. IGARSS'95, vol. 1, pp. 12391241.
31. K.T. KriebelOn the limited validity of reciprocity in measured BRDF's, Remote Sens. Environ., vol. 58, pp. 5262, 1996.