Simple equation to approximate the bidirectional reflectance from vegetative canopies and bare soil surfaces

Applied Optics

Volumn 24, Issue 3, 1985, Pages 383-387

  Walthall, C L ^c   Norman, J M ^c   Welles, J M ^a   Campbell, G ^b   Blad, B L ^c  

^a LI COR BIOSCIENCES   (United States)

^b WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA LINCOLN   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

IMAGE SENSORS; LIGHT - ADSORPTION; SOLAR RADIATION;

AZIMUTH VIEW ANGLES; BIDIRECTIONAL REFLECTANCE; HEMISPHERICAL REFLECTANCE; SOLAR AZIMUTH ANGLE; VEGETATIVE CANOPY BIDIRECTIONAL REFLECTANCE;

REMOTE SENSING;

EID: 0022013286     PISSN: 1559128X     EISSN: 21553165     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1364/AO.24.000383     Document Type: Article

References (9)

1. F.E. Nicodemus, Ed., Self Study Manual on Optical Radiation Measurements: Part 1—Concepts, Chapters 1 to 3, Natl. Bur. Stand. U.S. NBS Tech. Memo. 910-1 (National Bureau of Stan-dards, Gaithersburg, Md., 1976).
2. G.H. Suits, “The Cause of Azimuthal Variations in Directional Reflectance of Vegetation Canopies, ” Remote Sensing Environ. 2, 175 (1972).
3. J. Smith and K. Ranson, MRS. Bidirectional Reflectance Literature Survey (ORI, Silver Spring, Md., 1979).
4. J. M. Norman and J. M. Welles, “Radiative Transfer in an Array of Canopies, ” Argon. J. 75, 481 (1983).
5. J. E. Colwell, “Vegetation Canopy Reflectance, ” in Proceedings, Tenth International Symposium on Remote Sensing of Environment (Environmental Research Institute of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 1974).
6. D. Kimes and J. Smith, “Simulation of Solar Radiation Absorption in Vegetation Canopies, ” Appl. Opt. 19, 2801 (1980).
7. J. M. Norman, “Modeling the Complete Crop Canopy, ” in Modification of the Aerial Environment of Plants, B. J. Barfield and J.F. Gerber, Eds. (American Society of Agricultural Engineers, St. Joseph, Mich. 1979), Chap. 3.6.
8. K.J. Ranson, V. C. Vanderbilt, L. L. Biehl, B. F. Robinson, and M. E. Bauer, Soybean Canopy Reflectance as a Function of View and Illumination geometry, Agristars Tech. Report (Laboratory for Applications of Remote Sensing, Purdue U., West Lafayette, Ind., 1982).
9. V. V. Salmonson and W. E. Marlatt, “Airborne Measurements of Reflected Solar Radiation, ” Remote Sensing Environ. 2, 1 (1971).