Fatal enterocolitis in Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) caused by Clostridium difficile

Veterinary Microbiology

Volumn 116, Issue 4, 2006, Pages 329-335

  Bojesen, Anders Miki ^a   Olsen, Katharina E P ^b   Bertelsen, Mads F ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN   (Denmark)

^b STATENS SERUM INSTITUT   (Denmark)

^c CENTER FOR ZOO AND WILD ANIMAL HEALTH   (Denmark)

Author keywords

Asian elephant; Clostridium difficile; Enterocolitis; Mortality; PCR ribotyping

Indexed keywords

ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT; BACTERIAL TOXIN; SULFORAPHANE;

ANIMAL CELL; ANIMAL TISSUE; ARTICLE; ASIA; ASSAY; AUTOPSY; BACTERIAL GROWTH; BACTERIAL STRAIN; BACTERIUM CULTURE; BACTERIUM ISOLATE; BACTERIUM ISOLATION; BROCCOLI; CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIET; ELEPHANT; ENTERITIS; ENTEROCOLITIS; FEMALE; HISTOPATHOLOGY; INTESTINE; INTESTINE FLORA; MALE; MOLECULAR CLONING; MORTALITY; NONHUMAN; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; RIBOTYPING;

ANIMALS; ANIMALS, ZOO; BACTERIAL PROTEINS; BACTERIAL TOXINS; CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE; DENMARK; DISEASE OUTBREAKS; ELEPHANTS; ENTEROCOLITIS, PSEUDOMEMBRANOUS; ENTEROTOXINS; FATAL OUTCOME; FEMALE; FOOD CONTAMINATION; FOOD MICROBIOLOGY; INTESTINES; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; RIBOTYPING;

BRASSICA OLERACEA VAR. ITALICA; CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE; ELEPHANTIDAE; ELEPHAS MAXIMUS;

EID: 33747334107     PISSN: 03781135     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2006.04.025     Document Type: Article

References (16)

1. Bacciarini L.N., Pagan O., Frey J., and Grone A. Clostridium perfringens β2-toxin in an African elephant (Loxodonta africana) with ulcerative enteritis. Vet. Rec. 149 (2001) 618-620
2. Biberstein E.L. The Clostridia. In: Biberstein E.L., and Zee Y.C. (Eds). Review of Veterinary Microbiology (1990), Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford 295-310
3. Brazier J.S., and Borriello S.P. Microbiology, epidemiology and diagnosis of Clostridium difficile infection. Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol. 250 (2000) 1-33
4. Chooi K.F., and Zahari Z.Z. Salmonellosis in a captive Asian elephant. J. Zoo Wildl. Med. 19 (1998) 48-50
5. Delmée M., Van Broeck J., Simon A., Janssens M., and Avesani V. Laboratory diagnosis of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrrhoea: a plea for culture. J. Med. Microbiol. 54 (2005) 187-191
6. Dornberger K., Böckel V., Heyer J., Schönfeld C.H., Tonew M., and Tonew E. Untersuchrungen über die isothiocyanate erysolin und sulforaphane aus Cardaria draba L. Pharmazie 30 (1975) 92-796
7. Fahey J.W., Zhang Y., and Talahay P. Broccoli sprouts: an exceptionally rich of inducers of enzymes that protect against chemical carcinogens. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 94 (1997) 10367-10372
8. Fahey J.W., Haristoy X., Dolan P.M., Kensler T.W., Scholtus I., Stephenson K.K., Talahay P., and Lozniewski A. Sulforaphane inhibits extracellular, intracellular, and antibiotic-resistant strains of Helicobacter pylori and prevents benzo[a]pyrene-induced stomach tumors. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (2002) 7610-7615
9. Larsen J. Acute enterocolitis in adult horses. A review with emphasis on aetiology and pathogenesis. Vet. Q 19 (1997) 72-80
10. Lemee L., Dhalluin A., Testelin S., Mattrat M.-A., Maillard K., Lemeland J.-F., and Pons J.-L. Multiplex PCR targeting tpi (Triose Phosphate Isomerase), tcdA (Toxin A), and tcdB (Toxin B) genes for toxigenic culture of Clostridium difficile. J. Clin. Microbiol. 42 (2004) 5710-5714
11. Magdesian K.G., Hirsh D.C., Jang S.S., Hansen L.M., and Madigan J.E. Characterization of Clostridium difficile isolates from foals with diarrhea: 28 cases (1993-1997). J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 220 (2002) 67-73
12. McClane, B.A., Uzal, A.F., Miyakawa, M.E.F., Lyerly, D. Wilkins, T., 2001. The Enterotoxic Clostridia, The Prokaryotes: An Evolving Electronic Resource for the Microbiological Community, Release 3.9 [online] http://link.springer-ny.com/link/service/books/10125/ [consulted 3 January, 2006].
13. Miller M., Neiffer D., Weber M., Fontenot D., Stetter M., and Bolling J. Salmonella culture and PCR results in a group of captive African elephants (Loxodonta africana). Proceedings of the International Elephant and Rhino Research Symposium on a Research Update on Elephants and Rhinos. Vienna (2001) 83-86
14. Nauerby B., Pedersen K., and Madsen M. Analysis by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of the genetic diversity among Clostridium perfringens isolates from chickens. Vet. Microbiol. 94 (2003) 257-266
15. Songer J.G. Clostridial enteric diseases of domestic animals. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 9 (1996) 216-234
16. Stubbs S.L.J., Brazier J.S., O'neill G.L., and Duerden B.I. PCR targeted to the 16S-23SrRNA gene intergenic spacer region of Clostridium difficile and construction of a library consisting of 116 different PCR ribotypes. J. Clin. Microbiol. 37 (1999) 461-463