Seedling survival and growth of three ectomycorrhizal caesalpiniaceous tree species in a Central African rain forest

Journal of Tropical Ecology

Volumn 22, Issue 5, 2006, Pages 499-511

  Newbery, D M ^a   Chuyong, G B ^b   Zimmermann, L ^a   Praz, C ^a,c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BERN   (Switzerland)

^b UNIVERSITY OF BUEA   (Cameroon)

^c ETH ZURICH   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

Africa; Grove dynamics; Growth; Microberlinia; Rain forest; Seedlings; Survivorship; Tetraberlinia

Indexed keywords

COHORT ANALYSIS; ECTOMYCORRHIZA; GROWTH RATE; RAINFOREST; RECRUITMENT; SEEDLING ESTABLISHMENT; SURVIVORSHIP; TREE;

AFRICA; CAMEROON; KORUP NATIONAL PARK; SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; WEST AFRICA;

MICROBERLINIA BISULCATA; TETRABERLINIA; TETRABERLINIA BIFOLIOLATA; TETRABERLINIA KORUPENSIS;

EID: 33746622979     PISSN: 02664674     EISSN: 14697831     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0266467406003427     Document Type: Article

References (57)

1. ALEXANDER, I. J. 1989a. Systematics and ecology of ectomycorrhizal legumes. Monographs in Systematic Botany of the Missouri Botanical Garden 29:607-624.
2. ALEXANDER, I. 1989b. Mycorrhizas in tropical forests. Pp. 169-188 in Proctor J. (ed.). Mineral nutrients in tropical forest and savanna ecosystems. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford.
3. ALEXANDER, I. J. & HÖGBERG, P. 1986. Ectomycorrhizas of tropical angiospermous trees. New Phytologist 102:541-549.
4. AUBRÉVILLE, A. 1938. La forêt coloniale: les forêts de l'Afrique occidentale française Société d'Editions Géographiques, Maritimes et Coloniales, Paris. 508 pp.
5. AUBRÉVILLE, A. 1970. Légumineuses (Cé salpinioidées). Tome 9. Flore du Cameroun. Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris.
6. AUGSPURGER, C. K. 1983. Seed dispersal of the tropical tree, Platypodium elegans, and the escape of its seedlings from fungal pathogens. Journal of Ecology 71:759-771.
7. AUGSPURGER, C. K. 1984. Seedling survival of tropical tree species: interactions of dispersal distance, light-gaps, and pathogens. Ecology 65:1705-1712.
8. BOTKIN, D. B. 1993. Forest dynamics: an ecological model. Oxford University Press, Oxford. 309 pp.
9. CLARK, D. B. & CLARK, D. A. 1987. Population ecology and microhabitat distribution of Dipteryx panamensis, a neotropical rain forest emergent tree. Biotropica 19:236-244.
10. CONDIT, R., SUKUMAR, R., HUBBELL, S. P. & FOSTER, R. B. 1998. Predicting population trends from size distributions: a direct test in a tropical tree community. American Naturalist 152:495-509.
11. CONNELL, J. H. 1971. The role of natural enemies in preventing competitive exclusion in some marine animals and rain forest trees. Pp. 298-312 in den Boer, P. J. & Gradwell, G. R. (eds). Dynamics of numbers in populations. Centre for Agricultural Publication and Documentation, Wageningen.
12. CONNELL, J. H. & GREEN, P. T. 2000. Seedling dynamics over thirty-two years in a tropical rain forest tree. Ecology 81:568-584.
13. CONNELL, J. H. & LOWMAN, M. D. 1989. Low-diversity tropical rain forests: some possible mechanisms for their existence. American Naturalist 134:88-119.
14. CONNELL, J. H. & SLATYER, R. O. 1977. Mechanisms of succession in natural communities and their role in community stability and organization. American Naturalist 111:1119-1144.
15. CONNELL, J. H., TRACEY, J. G. & WEBB, L. J. 1984. Compensatory recruitment, growth, and mortalityas factors maintaining rain-forest tree diversity. Ecological Monographs 54:141-164.
16. DEANGELIS, D. L. & GROSS, L. J. (eds). 1992. Individual-based models and approaches in ecology. Chapman & Hall, London. 525 pp.
17. DELISSIO, L. J., PRIMACK, R. B., HALL, P. & LEE, H. S. 2002. A decade of canopy-tree seedling survival and growth in two Bornean rain forests: persistence and recovery from suppression. Journal of Tropical Ecology 18:645-658.
18. FORGET, P.-M. 1997. Ten-year seedling dynamics in Vouacapoua americana in French Guiana: a hypothesis. Biotropica 29:124-126.
19. GARTLAN, J. S., NEWBERY, D. M., THOMAS, D. W. & WATERMAN, P. G. 1986. The influence of topography and soil phosphorus on the vegetation of Korup Forest Reserve, Cameroun. Vegetatio 65:131-148.
20. GREEN, J. J. & NEWBERY, D. M. 2001a. Light and seed size affect establishment of grove-forming ectomycorrhizal rain forest tree species. New Phytologist 151:271-289.
21. GREEN, J. J. & NEWBERY, D. M. 2001b. Shade and leaf loss affect establishment of grove-forming rain forest tree species. New Phytologist 151:291-309.
22. GREEN, J. J. & NEWBERY, D. M. 2002. Reproductive investment and seedling survival of the mast-fruiting rain forest tree, Microberlinia bisulcata A. Chév. Plant Ecology 162:169-183.
23. HARPER, J. L. 1977. The population biology of plants. Academic Press, London. 892 pp.
24. HART, T. B. 1995. Seed, seedling and sub-canopy survival in monodominant and mixed forests of the Ituri Forest, Africa. Journal of Tropical Ecology 11:443-459.
25. HORN, H. S. 1974. The ecology of secondary succession. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 5:25-37.
26. HUBBELL, S. P. & FOSTER, R. B. 1990. Structure, dynamics, and equilibrium status of old growth forest on Barro Colorado Island. Pp. 522-541 in Gentry, A. H. (ed.). Four neotropical rainforests. Yale University Press, New Haven.
27. HUSTON, M. & SMITH, T. 1987. Plant succession: life history and competition. American Naturalist 130:168-198.
28. JANZEN, D. H. 1970. Herbivores and the number of tree species in tropical forests. American Naturalist 104:501-528.
29. JONES, E. W. 1950. Some aspects of natural regeneration in the Benin rain forest. Empire Forestry Review 29:108-124.
30. JONES, E. W. 1956. Ecological studies on the rain forest of southern Nigeria IV (continued). The plateau forest of the Okomu Forest Reserve. Journal of Ecology 44:83-117.
31. KLEINBAUM, D. G. 1996. Survival analysis. Springer-Verlag, New York. 324 pp.
32. LEE, E. T. 1992. Statistical methods for survival data analysis. Wiley and Sons, New York. 482 pp.
33. LETOUZEY, R. 1968. Étude phytogéographique du Cameroun. P. LeChevalier, Paris. 508 pp.
34. LETOUZEY, R. 1985. Notice de la carte phytogéographique du Cameroun Au 1:500 000. Institut de la Carte Internationale de la Végétation, Toulouse, France. 240 pp. (plus maps).
35. LONGMAN, K. A. & JENIK, J. 1987. Tropical forest and its environment. (Second edition). Longman Scientific and Technical, Harlow. 347 pp.
36. NEWBERY, D. M. & GARTLAN, J. S. 1996. A structural analysis of rain forest at Korup and Douala-Edea, Cameroon. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 104B:177-224.
37. NEWBERY, D. M., ALEXANDER, I. J., THOMAS, D. W. & GARTLAN, J. S. 1988. Ectomycorrhizal rain-forest legumes and soil phosphorus in Korup National Park, Cameroon. New Phytologist 109:433-450.
38. NEWBERY, D. M., ALEXANDER, I. J. & ROTHER, J. A. 1997. Phosphorus dynamics in a lowland African rain forest: the influence of ectomycorrhizal trees. Ecological Monographs 67:367-409.
39. NEWBERY, D. M., SONGWE, N. S. & CHUYONG, G. B. 1998. Phenology and dynamics of an African rainforest at Korup, Cameroon. Pp. 267-308 in Newbery, D. M., Prins, H. H. T. & Brown, N. D. (eds). Dynamics of tropical communities. Blackwell Science, Oxford.
40. NEWBERY, D. M., ALEXANDER, I. J. & ROTHER, J. A. 2000. Does proximity to conspecific adults influence the establishment of ectomycorrhizal trees in rain forest? New Phytologist 147:401-409.
41. NEWBERY, D. M., VAN DER BURGT, X. M. & MORAVIE, M. A. 2004. Structure and inferred dynamics of a large grove of Microberlinia bisulcata trees in central African rain forest: the possible role of periods of multiple disturbance events. Journal of Tropical Ecology 20:131-143.
42. NEWBERY, D. M., CHUYONG, G. B. & ZIMMERMANN, L. 2006. Mast fruiting of large ectomycorrhizal African rain forest trees: importance of dry season intensity, and the resource-limitation hypothesis. New Phytologist 170:561-579.
43. NEWMAN, E. I. 1982. (ed.) The plant community as a working mechanism. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford.
44. POORTER, L., BONGERS, F., VAN ROMPAEY, R. S. A. R. & DE KLERK, M. 1996. Regeneration of canopy tree species at five sites in West African moist forest. Forest Ecology and Management 84:61-69.
45. RICHARDS, P. W. 1996. The tropical rain forest: an ecological study. (Second edition). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. 575 pp.
46. SCHNELL, R. 1976-77. Introduction à la phytogéographie des pays tropicaux. Vol. 3. La flore et la végétation de l'Afrique tropicale. 1re & 2e partie. Gauthier-Villars, Paris. 470 and 265 pp.
47. SHUGART, H. H. 1998. Terrestrial ecosystems in changing environments. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. 537 pp.
48. SIMARD, S. W., PERRY, D. A., JONES, M. D., MYROLD, D. D., DURALL, D. M. & MOLINA, R. 1997. Net transfer of carbon between ectomycorrhizal tree species in the field. Nature 388:579-582.
49. SIMARD, S. W., JONES, M. D. & DURALL, D. M. 2002. Carbon and nutrient fluxes within and between mycorrhizal plants. Pp. 33-74 in van der Heijden, M. G. A. & Sanders, I. (eds). Mycorrhizal ecology. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
50. SMITH, S. E. & READ, D. J. 1997. Mycorrhizal symbiosis. (Second edition). Academic Press, London. 605 pp.
51. SWAINE, M. D. 1996. The ecology of tropical forest tree seedlings. UNESCO, Paris; and Parthenon Publishing Group, Carnforth. 340 pp.
52. SWAINE, M. D. & HALL, J. B. 1988. The mosaic theory of forest regeneration and the determination of forest composition in Ghana. Journal of Tropical Ecology 4:253-269.
53. TURNER, I. M. 2001. The ecology of trees in the tropical rain forest. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. 298 pp.
54. VANCLAY, J. K. 1994. Modelling forest growth and yield. CAB International, Wallingford. 312 pp.
55. WATT, A. S. 1947. Pattern and process in the plant community. Journal of Ecology 35:1-22.
56. WHITE, F. 1983. The vegetation of Africa. UNESCO, Paris. 365 pp.
57. WHITMORE, T. C. 1984. Tropical rain forests of the Far East. (Second edition). Clarendon Press, Oxford. 236 pp.