메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 34, Issue 2, 2006, Pages 400-424

The Perfect Intelligence Failure? U.S. Pre-War Intelligence on Iraqi Weapons of Mass Destruction

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 33746551390     PISSN: 15555623     EISSN: 17471346     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-1346.2006.00019.x     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (25)

References (44)
  • 2
    • 84974313490 scopus 로고
    • Analysis, War, and Decision: Why Intelligence Failures Are Inevitable
    • Betts, Richard. 1978. “Analysis, War, and Decision: Why Intelligence Failures Are Inevitable. World Politics 31 (1): 61-89.
    • (1978) World Politics , vol.31 , Issue.1 , pp. 61-89
    • Betts, R.1
  • 7
    • 85040406915 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ”April 12. Accessed on February 9, 2006. Available online at
    • CBS News. 2005. “UN Nominee Called ‘Serial Abuser’.” April 12. Accessed on February 9, 2006. Available online at http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2005/04/12/politics/main687391.shtml
    • (2005) UN Nominee Called ‘Serial Abuser’
  • 8
    • 1642597119 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ”October. Accessed on February 10, 2006. Available online at
    • Central Intelligence Agency. 2002. “Iraq’s Weapons of Mass Destruction Programs.” October. Accessed on February 10, 2006. Available online at http://www.cia.gov/cia/reports/iraq_wmd/Iraq_Oct_2002.pdf
    • (2002) Iraq’s Weapons of Mass Destruction Programs
  • 9
    • 85040395333 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ”Accessed on February 9, 2006. Available online at
    • rd National Convention.” Accessed on February 9, 2006. Available online at http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2002/08/20020826.html
    • (2002) rd National Convention
    • Cheney, D.1
  • 10
    • 2442662167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • with, Washington, DC, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, January. Accessed on February 9, 2006. Available online at
    • Cirincione, Joseph, Jessica T.Mathews, George Perkovich, with Alexis Orton. 2004. WMD in Iraq: Evidence and Implications. Washington, DC, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, January. Accessed on February 9, 2006. Available online at http://www.carnegieendowment.org/npp/publications/index.cfm?fa=view&id=1435
    • (2004) WMD in Iraq: Evidence and Implications
    • Cirincione, J.1    Mathews, J.T.2    Perkovich, G.3    Orton, A.4
  • 12
    • 23844445030 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Secret Way to War
    • Accessed on February 9, 2006. Available online at
    • Danner, Mark. 2005. The Secret Way to War. New York Review of Books 52 (10). Accessed on February 9, 2006. Available online at http://www.nybooks.com/articles/18034
    • (2005) New York Review of Books , vol.52 , Issue.10
    • Danner, M.1
  • 13
    • 85055304173 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intelligence Culture and Intelligence Failure in Britain and the United States
    • Davies, Philip H. J. 2004. “Intelligence Culture and Intelligence Failure in Britain and the United States. Cambridge Review of International Affairs 17 (3): 495-520.
    • (2004) Cambridge Review of International Affairs , vol.17 , Issue.3 , pp. 495-520
    • Davies, P.H.J.1
  • 14
    • 84928295657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CIA’s Spy Network Thin
    • September 21. Accessed on February 9, 2006. Available online at
    • Diamond, John. 2004. CIA’s Spy Network Thin. USA Today. September 21. Accessed on February 9, 2006. Available online at http://www.usatoday.com/news/Washington/2004-09-21-cia-spies_x.htm
    • (2004) USA Today
    • Diamond, J.1
  • 16
    • 0142251741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Impact of Bush Linking 9/11 and Iraq
    • March 14. Accessed on February 9, 2006. Available online at
    • Feldmann, Linda. 2003. The Impact of Bush Linking 9/11 and Iraq. Christian Science Monitor. March 14. Accessed on February 9, 2006. Available online at http://www.csmonitor.com/2003/0314/p02s01-woiq.html
    • (2003) Christian Science Monitor
    • Feldmann, L.1
  • 20
    • 84925909155 scopus 로고
    • The Yom Kippur War and the Inevitability of Surprise
    • Handel, Michael I. 1977. “The Yom Kippur War and the Inevitability of Surprise. International Studies Quarterly 21 (3): 461-502.
    • (1977) International Studies Quarterly , vol.21 , Issue.3 , pp. 461-502
    • Handel, M.I.1
  • 21
    • 85055306640 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Public Intelligence: Leaks as Policy Instruments: The Case of the Iraq War
    • Hastedt, Glenn. 2005. “Public Intelligence: Leaks as Policy Instruments: The Case of the Iraq War. Intelligence and National Security 20 (3): 419-39.
    • (2005) Intelligence and National Security , vol.20 , Issue.3 , pp. 419-439
    • Hastedt, G.1
  • 22
    • 10944246765 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Limits of Intelligence Analysis
    • (Winter)
    • Heuer, Richards J., Jr. 2005. “Limits of Intelligence Analysis. Orbis (Winter): 75-94.
    • (2005) Orbis , pp. 75-94
    • Heuer, R.J.1
  • 26
    • 0001998692 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Revisiting the Bay of Pigs and Vietnam Decisions 25 Years Later: How Well Has the Groupthink Hypothesis Stood the Test of Time?
    • Kramer, Roderick M. 1998. “Revisiting the Bay of Pigs and Vietnam Decisions 25 Years Later: How Well Has the Groupthink Hypothesis Stood the Test of Time? Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 73 (2/3): 236-71.
    • (1998) Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes , vol.73 , Issue.2-3 , pp. 236-271
    • Kramer, R.M.1
  • 30
    • 0000220986 scopus 로고
    • The Nature of Social Influence in Groupthink: Compliance and Internalization
    • McCauley, Clark. 1989. “The Nature of Social Influence in Groupthink: Compliance and Internalization. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 57 (3): 250-60.
    • (1989) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.57 , Issue.3 , pp. 250-260
    • McCauley, C.1
  • 32
    • 10944256855 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Missing the Plot? Intelligence and Discourse Failure
    • (Winter)
    • Neumann, Peter R., and M. L. R. Smith. 2005. “Missing the Plot? Intelligence and Discourse Failure. Orbis (Winter): 95-107.
    • (2005) Orbis , pp. 95-107
    • Neumann, P.R.1    Smith, M.L.R.2
  • 33
    • 85044903517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Did President Bush Mislead the Country in His Arguments for War with Iraq?
    • Pfiffner, James P. 2004. “Did President Bush Mislead the Country in His Arguments for War with Iraq? Presidential Studies Quarterly 34 (1): 25-46.
    • (2004) Presidential Studies Quarterly , vol.34 , Issue.1 , pp. 25-46
    • Pfiffner, J.P.1
  • 35
    • 85055310803 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Weak Pillar for American National Security: The CIA’s Dismal Performance against WMD Threats
    • Russell, Richard L. 2005. “A Weak Pillar for American National Security: The CIA’s Dismal Performance against WMD Threats. Intelligence and National Security 20 (3): 466-85.
    • (2005) Intelligence and National Security , vol.20 , Issue.3 , pp. 466-485
    • Russell, R.L.1
  • 36
    • 84972004002 scopus 로고
    • Failures in National Intelligence Estimates: The Case of the Yom Kippur War
    • Shlaim, Avi. 1976. “Failures in National Intelligence Estimates: The Case of the Yom Kippur War. World Politics 28 (3): 348-80.
    • (1976) World Politics , vol.28 , Issue.3 , pp. 348-380
    • Shlaim, A.1
  • 37
    • 27144520047 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Washington, DC, USGPO, March 31
    • Silberman-Robb [U.S. Commission on the Intelligence Capabilities of the United States Regarding Weapons of Mass Destruction]. 2005. Report to the President of the United States. Washington, DC, USGPO, March 31.
    • (2005) Report to the President of the United States
    • Silberman-Robb1
  • 38
    • 85040389210 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • September 30. Accessed on February 10, 2006. Available online at
    • U.S. Central Intelligence Agency. Special Adviser to the DCI on Iraq’s WMD. 2004. Comprehensive Report. September 30. Accessed on February 10, 2006. Available online at http://www.cia.gov/cia/reports/iraq_wmd_2004
    • (2004) Special Adviser to the DCI on Iraq’s WMD, Comprehensive Report
  • 42
    • 29244474080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The War Over Iraq: Selling War to the American Public
    • Western, Jon. 2005. “The War Over Iraq: Selling War to the American Public. Security Studies 14 (1): 106-39.
    • (2005) Security Studies , vol.14 , Issue.1 , pp. 106-139
    • Western, J.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.